WO2010087453A1 - マルチビームアンテナ装置 - Google Patents
マルチビームアンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010087453A1 WO2010087453A1 PCT/JP2010/051273 JP2010051273W WO2010087453A1 WO 2010087453 A1 WO2010087453 A1 WO 2010087453A1 JP 2010051273 W JP2010051273 W JP 2010051273W WO 2010087453 A1 WO2010087453 A1 WO 2010087453A1
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- ground conductor
- antenna
- rotman lens
- dielectric
- substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/002—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing at least two patterns of different beamwidth; Variable beamwidth antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device
- H01Q25/008—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device lens fed multibeam arrays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a configuration of a multi-beam antenna device used in a millimeter wave band on-vehicle radar or the like.
- FIG. 11 shows an exploded perspective view of a conventional multi-beam antenna device using a Rotman lens.
- (31) is a Rotman lens pattern, and details are shown in FIG.
- (221), (222),... (22m) are input terminals for supplying power to the Rotman lens (1)
- ) (24n) is an antenna element that radiates radio waves into the space
- (205) is a plurality of antenna elements (241), (242), ... (24n) is an array antenna arranged in a straight line
- (261), (262), ... (26n) is a feed line connecting the output terminal and the antenna element
- (207) is a length A line section (208) composed of different feed lines (261), (262),...
- the input terminal (221) is an elevation angle from the center line (208) as viewed from S2, which is the origin of the coordinate system (X, Y). It is in the direction of ⁇ .
- (210) is a straight line indicating the beam direction in the space when the input terminal (221) is excited, and is directed in the direction of the angle ⁇ from the front direction of the array antenna.
- ⁇ ⁇ Designed on the condition.
- the electric power is supplied into the Rotman lens (201). Supplied.
- the electric power in the Rotman lens (201) is taken out at the output terminals (231), (232),... (23n) and passes through the feed lines (261), (262),. (241), (242), ... (24n).
- the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of the array antenna (205) are determined by which terminal of the input terminals (221), (222),... (22m) is excited, and according to the excitation phase of the array antenna (205). The beam direction in the space is determined.
- the input terminals (221), (222),... (22m) are arranged on an arc of radius R centered on the Rotman lens focal point S1 position.
- S2 is the intersection of the partial curve where the output terminals (231), (232),... (23n) are arranged and the center line (208), and is the origin of the coordinate system (X, Y).
- S3 indicates the intersection of the partial curve where the input terminals (221), (222),... (22m) are arranged and the center line (208).
- the radius R is expressed by the following formula.
- G is the distance between S2 and S3 and the size of the Rotman lens
- F is the distance between the input terminal (221) and S2
- 2Ln is the aperture length of the array antenna (205).
- ⁇ ⁇
- 0.8 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ie
- F is about 1 to 1.25 times Ln
- g is designed to be about 1.137. 231), (232),... (23n) can be designed with a small excitation phase error, which is considered good.
- JP 57-93701 A JP 2000-124727 A JP-A-5-152843
- a thin beam scan is required in a narrow range in the distance, and a wide range beam scan is required in a short range, and it is necessary to operate each independently.
- two radar devices having different multi-beam characteristics are attached, there is a problem that it is expensive and it is difficult to secure a mounting space.
- FIG. 13 shows a means for realizing two orthogonally polarized pencil beam antennas with one antenna, but does not show a method for realizing multi-beam characteristics. Absent.
- the square root in the third equation needs to be positive or zero. That is, the following equation is obtained.
- the present invention realizes two independent multi-beam characteristics with one antenna unit, and when the beam forming direction of the array antenna (205) in space is ⁇ , the output terminals (231), (232), ... For the angle ⁇ formed by the line connecting the intersection S2 of the partial curve and the center line (208) (23n) and the input terminal, and the center line (208), ⁇ ⁇
- a low-loss multi-beam antenna device is provided.
- the first antenna unit (101), the second antenna unit (102), the first Rotman lens unit (103), and the second Rotman lens unit (104) are provided.
- the planar antenna modules are laminated in this order.
- the first antenna unit (101) includes a first radiating element (101) at a position corresponding to the position of the second radiating element (16) of the second antenna unit. 1) and a first parasitic element (67), and the first feeding line (2) and the second Rotman lens part (104) connected to the first radiating element (1) are electromagnetically coupled to each other.
- a first ground conductor (6) having a first slot (5) at a position corresponding to the position, a first antenna substrate (4) and a first A second ground having a first coupling port forming portion (8) at a position corresponding to the position of the first dielectric (7) and the first connecting portion (3) between the ground conductor (6).
- the antenna section (102) includes a second connection section (18) electromagnetically coupled to the second feed line (17) connected to the second radiating element (16) and the first Rotman lens section (103). ) Is a second antenna base formed with a plurality of antenna groups.
- a third coupling port forming portion (21) is provided at a location corresponding to the position of the connecting portion (18), and a third slit (22) is provided at a location corresponding to the position of the first connecting portion (3).
- a portion corresponding to the position of the first connecting portion (3), and having a fifth slit (29) at a location corresponding to the position of the second conductor (28) and the second connecting portion (18) Has a seventh ground conductor (24) having a sixth slit (30),
- the first Rotman lens part (103) is electromagnetically coupled to the first Rotman lens (31) and the second connection part (18) of the third feed line (32) and the second antenna part (102).
- the first Rotman lens having the third connection portion (33) and the fourth connection portion (36) electromagnetically coupled to the first waveguide opening (35) of the tenth ground conductor (34)
- a fifth coupling port forming portion (39) is provided at a location corresponding to the position of the connecting portion (33), and a sixth coupling port is formed at a location corresponding to the position of the fourth connecting portion (36).
- An eighth ground conductor (42) having a seventh slit (41) at a position corresponding to the position of the first connecting portion (3), and a first Rotman lens substrate (37) and the tenth earth guide
- the fourth dielectric member (43) and the seventh connecting port forming portion (44) at a position corresponding to the position of the third connecting portion (33).
- the eighth connecting port forming portion (45) is provided at a location corresponding to the position of the connecting portion (36), and the eighth slit (46 is provided at a location corresponding to the position of the first connecting portion (3).
- Having a first waveguide opening (35) at a position corresponding to the position of the ninth ground conductor (47) and the fourth connection portion (36), and the first connection portion.
- a tenth ground conductor (34) having a ninth slit (48) is provided at a position corresponding to the position (3), and the second Rotman lens portion (104) includes a second Rotman lens (49).
- the 5th connection part (51) electromagnetically coupled to the 1st connection part (3) of the 4th feed line (50) and the 1st antenna part (101), and the 13th ground conductor (52) Electromagnetically coupled to the second waveguide opening (53) of A second Rotman lens substrate (55) having a sixth connecting portion (54), a tenth ground conductor (34), a second Rotman lens substrate (55), and a tenth ground conductor (34);
- Between the seventh dielectric (56) and the fifth connecting portion (51) at a position corresponding to the position of the fifth connecting portion (51), and the sixth connecting portion (57) 54) has a tenth coupling port forming portion (58) at a position corresponding to the position of 54, and a third waveguide opening (59) at a position corresponding to the position of the
- the eleventh coupling port forming portion (62) is provided at a location corresponding to the position of (51), and the twelfth coupling port forming portion (63 is provided at a location corresponding to the position of the sixth connecting portion (54).
- the fourth connecting portion (36 ) At the position corresponding to the position of the sixth connecting portion (54) and the twelfth ground conductor (65) having the fourth waveguide opening (64) at the position corresponding to the position of the second waveguide).
- a thirteenth ground conductor (52) having a wave tube opening (53) and having a fifth waveguide opening (66) at a position corresponding to the position of the fourth connection portion (36) is provided.
- the electric body (56), the second Rotman lens substrate (55), the twelfth ground conductor (65), the eighth dielectric (61), and the thirteenth ground conductor (52) are laminated in this order. It is characterized by.
- the multi-beam antenna device is characterized in that the slit having the above-mentioned configuration is changed to a slot.
- the beam forming direction ⁇ of the array antenna (205) in the space is determined by the output terminals (231), (232),... (23n)
- S3 is the input terminal ( 221), (222),... (22m) is the intersection of the partial curve and the center line (208)
- F is the distance between the input terminal (221) and S2
- G is the distance between S2 and S3.
- the distance is the size of the Rotman lens and 2Ln is the aperture length of the array antenna (205)
- a low-loss multi-beam antenna device that can be provided can be provided.
- the beam forming direction ⁇ of the array antenna (205) in the space is determined by the output terminals (231), ( 232),... (23n) with respect to the elevation angle ⁇ formed by the line connecting the intersection S2 of the partial curve and the center line (208) and the input terminal, and the center line (208), ⁇ ⁇
- S3 is the intersection of the partial curve where the input terminals (221), (222),... (22m) are arranged and the center line (208), and F is the input terminal (221) and S2.
- the shape of the Rotman lens is determined so as to satisfy the relational expression of the sixth equation.
- the multi-beam antenna device of the present invention designed on the basis of the electrical length w of (26n)
- the center of the aperture of the array antenna (205)
- the basic design of the Rotman lens designed under the limited condition of ⁇ ⁇ by determining the shape of the Rotman lens so as to satisfy the relational expression of the sixth expression under the condition of ⁇ ⁇ .
- a small Rotman lens having a size of ⁇ / ⁇ times the size G can be designed.
- an increase in loss proportional to the size of the Rotman lens can be suppressed, and the number of antenna elements (241), (242),... (24n) is increased to increase the aperture 2Ln of the array antenna (205).
- the Rotman lens has a triplate configuration, so that a complicated input terminal portion, output terminal portion taper shape and phase adjustment power supply are provided.
- the lines (32) and (50) can be easily configured by a technique such as etching, and the first antenna substrate is provided via the sixth slit (30) provided in the seventh ground conductor (24).
- the first connection part (3) of (4) and the fifth connection part (51) of the feeder line (50) can be electromagnetically coupled, and the second directivity characteristic as shown in FIG.
- a beam antenna device can be realized, and similarly, the second connection portion (18) of the second antenna substrate (19) is connected to the second antenna substrate (19) via a fifth slit (29) provided in the seventh ground conductor (24).
- the third connection part (33) of the feed line (32) is electromagnetically coupled to First directional characteristics as shown in can multibeam antenna device realized with, can function independently.
- a low-loss multi-beam antenna device can be configured with a simple laminated configuration of all components.
- the radiating element (1) formed on the first antenna substrate (4) and the radiating element (2) formed on the second antenna substrate (19) shown in FIGS. 16) is fed from a direction orthogonal to each other by 90 degrees, and functions by electromagnetically coupling with a slot (15) formed in the fourth ground conductor (10), so that orthogonal polarizations of a desired frequency are independent. Can be emitted. Further, by arranging a plurality of antenna elements, an array antenna (205) is formed as a whole.
- the second ground conductor (9), the third ground conductor (13), and the second antenna board disposed above and below the first antenna board (4).
- the eleventh ground conductor (60) and the twelfth ground conductor (65) disposed above and below the ninth ground conductor (47) and the second Rotman lens substrate (55) are connected to the antenna substrate (4) ( 19) and the Rotman lens substrate (37) (55) are held hollow, and the first connecting portion (3) formed on the antenna substrate (4) and the second formed on the antenna substrate (19).
- a dielectric (7, 11, 20, 25, 38, 43, 56, 61) is filled. Also good.
- connection portion (36) and the sixth connection portion (54), which are input terminal portions of the antenna device, are connected to the sixth coupling port forming portion (40) of the eighth ground conductor (42).
- a metal wall is formed around the coupling port forming portion (63), and a fifth waveguide opening (66) and a second waveguide opening (53 are formed in the thirteenth ground conductor (52). ),
- the power can be efficiently transmitted to the high frequency circuit without leaking to the surroundings, and low loss characteristics can be realized even at high frequencies.
- the antenna substrate (4) (19) and the Rotman lens substrate (37) (55) used in the multi-beam antenna device according to the present invention a flexible substrate in which a copper foil is bonded to a polyimide film is used, and unnecessary copper foil is etched.
- the flexible substrate is a power supply that connects multiple radiating elements and connecting them by etching away unnecessary copper foil (metal foil) on a substrate that has a film as a base material and a metal foil such as copper foil laminated on it. A track is formed.
- the flexible substrate can be constituted by a copper-clad laminate in which a copper foil is bonded to a thin resin plate in which a glass cloth is impregnated with a resin.
- Polyethylene polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene polypropylene copolymer, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyarylate, thermoplastic polyimide, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene terephthalate,
- the film include polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polysulfone, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, and polymethylpentene.
- An adhesive may be used for laminating the film and the metal foil.
- a flexible substrate in which a copper foil is laminated on a polyimide film is preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance, dielectric properties, and versatility.
- a fluorine-based film is preferably used because of its dielectric properties.
- a metal plate or a plate plated with plastic can be used as the ground conductor or the metal spacer used in the multi-beam antenna device according to the present invention.
- an aluminum plate is preferably used because it can be manufactured lightly and inexpensively.
- they can be constituted by a flexible substrate in which a film is used as a base material and a copper foil is laminated thereon, and a copper-clad laminate in which a copper foil is laminated on a thin resin plate in which a glass cloth is impregnated with a resin.
- Slots and joint opening forming portions formed in the ground conductor can be formed by punching with a mechanical press or by etching. Punching with a mechanical press is preferred from the standpoint of simplicity and productivity.
- the dielectric (7) (11) (20) (25) (38) (43) (56) (61) used in the multi-beam antenna device according to the present invention uses a foam having a low dielectric constant relative to air. Is preferred.
- the foam include polyolefin-based foams such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polystyrene-based foams, polyurethane-based foams, polysilicone-based foams, rubber-based foams, and the like. This is preferable because the rate is smaller.
- the dielectric (7) (11) (20) (25) (38) (43) (56) (61) was made of foamed polyethylene foam having a thickness of 0.3 mm and a relative dielectric constant of about 1.1. .
- the antenna substrate (4) (19) and the Rotman lens substrate (37) (55) a flexible substrate obtained by bonding a copper foil (for example, 25 ⁇ m) to a polyimide film (for example, 25 ⁇ m) is used, and unnecessary copper foil is used. Are removed by etching, and the radiating elements (1) and (16), the feed lines (2) and (17), the connecting portions (3) and (18), the Rotman lenses (31) and (49), and the feed lines (32) and (50). , Connecting portions (33) (51), connecting portions (36) (54)). All ground conductors used were punched out of an aluminum plate with a mechanical press.
- Slit (30), slit (41) formed in the eighth ground conductor (42), slit (46) formed in the ninth ground conductor (47), and slit formed in the tenth ground conductor (34) (48) and (35) are waveguide openings each having a length of 1.25 mm and a width of 2.53 mm.
- An array antenna (205) having a size of 24 ⁇ 0.77 ⁇ o was formed.
- a Rotman lens (1) having eight output terminals was designed based on the coordinates and the y-coordinate and the electrical length w of the feeder line.
- the above-described members are sequentially stacked to form a multi-beam antenna device, and the characteristics are measured by connecting measuring instruments.
- waveguide openings corresponding to the eight input terminals are obtained.
- the reflection loss of the section (53) is -15 dB or less, and gain directivity corresponding to each of the eight input terminals is obtained as shown in FIG. 10.
- Table 1 the reflection loss with respect to the input terminal angle ⁇ is obtained.
- the beam direction ⁇ of the array antenna (205) can be formed in about half the angular direction.
- a Rotman lens (31) having 24 output terminals was designed based on the coordinates and the electrical length w of the feeder line.
- the above-described members are sequentially stacked to form a multi-beam antenna device, and the characteristics are measured by connecting a measuring instrument.
- waveguide openings (66 ) Is less than ⁇ 15 dB, gain directivity corresponding to each of the six input terminals is obtained as shown in FIG. 8, and as shown in Table 2, the array has an array with respect to the input terminal angle ⁇ . It was confirmed that the beam direction ⁇ of the antenna (205) can be formed in about half the angular direction.
- the insertion loss of (1) was about 5 dB.
- the multi-beam antenna device has improved the relative gain by 2.5 dB or more compared with the case where the loss when the conventional design is configured is used as a reference, and has realized a good characteristic.
- the slit (46) formed in the conductor (47) and the slit (48) (35) formed in the tenth ground conductor (34) were waveguide openings of 1.25 mm long ⁇ 2.53 mm wide.
- an array antenna (205) having an antenna opening 2Ln of 24 ⁇ 0.77 ⁇ o was formed.
- the radiating element (1) is an excitation feed with the same phase.
- An array antenna (205) having a size of 24 ⁇ 0.77 ⁇ o was formed.
- a lens (31) (49) was designed.
- the above-described members are sequentially stacked as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 to form a multi-beam antenna device, and the characteristics are measured by connecting measuring instruments.
- the six input terminals shown in FIG. 19 are supported.
- the reflection loss of the waveguide openings (66) and (53) is -15 dB or less, and the same gain directivity as shown in FIG. 8 is obtained.
- Table 3 with respect to the angle ⁇ of the input terminal, Thus, it was confirmed that the beam direction ⁇ of the array antenna (205) can be formed in about half the angular direction.
- the insertion loss of (1) was about 5 dB.
- the multi-beam antenna device of the third embodiment is improved in relative gain by 2.5 dB or more as compared with the case where the loss when the conventional design is configured is used as a reference, and has good characteristics. Was realized.
- the first connection portion on the first antenna substrate 4 and the fifth connection portion on the second Rotman lens substrate 55 are electromagnetically coupled to each other, and the second antenna substrate.
- the second connection part on 19 and the third connection part on the first Rotman lens substrate 37 are arranged to be electromagnetically coupled.
- the first connection part on the first antenna substrate 4 and the third connection part on the first Rotman lens substrate 37 are electromagnetically coupled, and the second connection on the second Rotman lens substrate 55 is performed.
- 5 and the second connection part on the second antenna substrate 19 may be arranged to be electromagnetically coupled.
- the first connection portion on the first antenna substrate 4 and the fifth connection portion on the second Rotman lens substrate 55 are electromagnetically coupled, and the second antenna.
- the second connection part on the substrate 19 and the third connection part on the first Rotman lens substrate 37 are arranged to be electromagnetically coupled.
- the first connection portion on the first antenna substrate 4 and the third connection portion on the first Rotman lens substrate 37 are electromagnetically coupled, and the second connection on the second Rotman lens substrate 55 is made. 5 and the second connection part on the second antenna substrate 19 may be arranged to be electromagnetically coupled.
- the second embodiment is useful as an on-vehicle radar antenna
- the third embodiment can be used as a transmission / reception antenna for an indoor wireless LAN provided with a transmission antenna and a reception antenna as one antenna.
- the seventh ground conductor 24 is overlapped in FIGS. 1 to 2, FIGS. 4 to 5, FIGS. 14 to 15, and FIGS. 17 to 18.
- FIG. the same member is not composed of two layers. This is because the description is repeated for the sake of convenience, and the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 1 and the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 2 are the same. Similarly, the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 4 and the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 5 are the same. Similarly, the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 14 and the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 15 are the same. Similarly, the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 17 and the seventh ground conductor 24 in FIG. 18 are the same.
- the 4th earth conductor 10 is described overlappingly from FIG. 3 to FIG. 4 and from FIG. 16 to FIG. 17, the same member is not two layers. This is because the description is repeated for convenience of explanation, and the fourth ground conductor 10 in FIG. 3 and the fourth ground conductor 10 in FIG. 4 are the same. For the same reason, the fourth ground conductor 10 in FIG. 16 and the fourth ground conductor 10 in FIG. 17 are the same.
- the tenth ground conductor 34 is described in an overlapping manner from FIGS. 5 to 6 and FIGS. 18 to 19, the same member is not two layers. This is because the description is repeated for convenience of explanation, and the tenth ground conductor 34 in FIG. 5 and the tenth ground conductor 34 in FIG. 6 are the same. For the same reason, the tenth ground conductor 34 in FIG. 18 and the tenth ground conductor 34 in FIG. 19 are the same.
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
の関係式を満足するようにロトマンレンズの形状を決定して、ロトマンレンズの大きさGをβ=αの限定条件で設計した基本設計寸法未満の大きさとしたことを特徴とする。
の範囲が望ましい。また、アンテナ素子(241),(242),・・・(24n)の数が増えてアレーアンテナ(205)の開口2Lnが大きくなった場合は、入力端子(221)とS2との距離Fは、2Lnに比例して大きくなり、結果としてロトマンレンズの基本設計寸法Gは大きくなる。
の範囲で望ましい設計が可能となる。この場合、β=αの限定条件で設計したロトマンレンズの基本設計寸法Gに対して、1/2倍の寸法で設計できる。
同様に、図14及び図15においては、第1のアンテナ基板4上の第1の接続部と、第2のロトマンレンズ基板55上の第5の接続部とが電磁結合し、第2のアンテナ基板19上の第2の接続部と、第1のロトマンレンズ基板37上の第3の接続部とが電磁結合するよう配置されている。しかしながら、設計上、第1のアンテナ基板4上の第1の接続部と、第1のロトマンレンズ基板37上の第3の接続部とが電磁結合し、第2のロトマンレンズ基板55上の第5の接続部と、第2のアンテナ基板19上の第2の接続部とが電磁結合するよう配置することもできる。
また、図3から図4にかけて、及び図16から図17にかけて、第4の地導体10が重複して記載されているが、同じ部材が2層になっているのではない。説明の便宜上重複して記載したためであり、図3の第4の地導体10及び図4の第4の地導体10は同一である。また、同じ理由から図16の第4の地導体10及び図17の第4の地導体10も同一である。
また、図5から図6にかけて、及び図18から図19にかけて、第10の地導体34が重複して記載されているが、同じ部材が2層になっているのではない。説明の便宜上重複して記載したためであり、図5の第10の地導体34及び図6の第10の地導体34は同一である。また、同じ理由から図18の第10の地導体34及び図19の第10の地導体34は同一である。
2 第1の給電線路
3 第1の接続部
4 第1のアンテナ基板
5 第1のスロット
6 第1の地導体
7 第1の誘電体
8 第1の結合口形成部
9 第2の地導体
10 第4の地導体
11 第2の誘電体
12 第2の結合口形成部
13 第3の地導体
14 第1のスリット
15 第2のスリット
16 第2の放射素子
17 第2の給電線路
18 第2の接続部
19 第2のアンテナ基板
20 第3の誘電体
21 第3の結合口形成部
22 第3のスリット
23 第5の地導体
24 第7の地導体
25 第4の誘電体
26 第4の結合口形成部
27 第4のスリット
28 第6の地導体
29 第5のスリット
30 第6のスリット
31 第1のロトマンレンズ
32 第3の給電線路
33 第3の接続部
34 第10の地導体
35 第1の導波管開口部
36 第4の接続部
37 第1のロトマンレンズ基板
38 第5の誘電体
39 第5の結合口形成部
40 第6の結合口形成部
41 第7のスリット
42 第8の地導体
43 第6の誘電体
44 第7の結合口形成部
45 第8の結合口形成部
46 第8のスリット
47 第9の地導体
48 第9のスリット
49 第2のロトマンレンズ
50 第4の給電線路
51 第5の接続部
52 第13の地導体
53 第2の導波管開口部
54 第6の接続部
55 第2のロトマンレンズ基板
56 第7の誘電体
57 第9の結合口形成部
58 第10の結合口形成部
59 第3の導波管開口部
60 第11の地導体
61 第8の誘電体
62 第11の結合口形成部
63 第12の結合口形成部
64 第4の導波管開口部
65 第12の地導体
66 第5の導波管開口部
67 無給電素子
91 第6の接続部
92 接続基板
93 システムとの接続線路
94 第13の地導体
101 第1のアンテナ部
102 第2のアンテナ部
103 第1のロトマンレンズ部
104 第2のロトマンレンズ部
105 システムとの接続部
205 アレーアンテナ
207 給電線路部
208 ロトマンレンズの中心線
209 入力端子の位置を表す補助線
210 アレーアンテナの正面方向から見たビームの方向
221、222、・・・22m ロトマンレンズ入力端子
231、232、・・・23n ロトマンレンズ出力端子
241、242、・・・24n アンテナ素子
261、261、・・・26n 出力端子とアンテナ素子とを結ぶ給電線路
701、702、703、704、705、706 誘電体
Claims (3)
- 第1のアンテナ部(101)と第2のアンテナ部(102)と第1のロトマンレンズ部(103)と第2のロトマンレンズ部(104)とをこの順に積層した平面アンテナモジュールであって、
第1のアンテナ部(101)には、
第2のアンテナ部の第2の放射素子(16)の位置に相当する箇所に、第1の放射素子(1)と第1の無給電素子(67)とを有し、かつ、第1の放射素子(1)と接続された第1の給電線路(2)と第2のロトマンレンズ部(104)に電磁結合した第1の接続部(3)とを組とするアンテナ群を複数形成した第1のアンテナ基板(4)と、
第1の放射素子(1)及び、第1の無給電素子(67)の位置に相当する箇所に第1のスロット(5)を有する第1の地導体(6)と、
第1のアンテナ基板(4)と第1の地導体(6)との間に第1の誘電体(7)と、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第1の結合口形成部(8)とを有する第2の地導体(9)と、
第1のアンテナ基板(4)と第4の地導体(10)との間に第2の誘電体(11)と、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第2の結合口形成部(12)とを有する第3の地導体(13)と、
第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第1のスリット(14)を有し、かつ、第1の放射素子(1)及び、第1の無給電素子(67)の位置に相当する箇所に第2のスリット(15)を有する第4の地導体(10)とを備え、
第2のアンテナ部(102)には、
第2の放射素子(16)と接続された第2の給電線路(17)と第1のロトマンレンズ部(103)に電磁結合した第2の接続部(18)とを組とするアンテナ群を複数形成した第2のアンテナ基板(19)と、
第4の地導体(10)と、
第2のアンテナ基板(19)と第4の地導体(10)との間に第3の誘電体(20)と、第2の接続部(18)の位置に相当する箇所に第3の結合口形成部(21)とを有し、かつ、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第3のスリット(22)を有する第5の地導体(23)と、
第2のアンテナ基板(19)と第7の地導体(24)との間に第4の誘電体(25)と、第2の接続部(18)の位置に相当する箇所に第4の結合口形成部(26)とを有し、かつ、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第4のスリット(27)を有する第6の地導体(28)と、
第2の接続部(18)の位置に相当する箇所に第5のスリット(29)を有し、かつ、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第6のスリット(30)を有する第7の地導体(24)とを備え、
第1のロトマンレンズ部(103)には、
第1のロトマンレンズ(31)及び、第3の給電線路(32)と第2のアンテナ部(102)の第2の接続部(18)に電磁結合した第3の接続部(33)及び、第10の地導体(34)の第1の導波管開口部(35)と電磁結合した第4の接続部(36)を有する第1のロトマンレンズ基板(37)と、
第7の地導体(24)と、
第1のロトマンレンズ基板(37)と第7の地導体(24)との間に第5の誘電体(38)と、第3の接続部(33)の位置に相当する箇所に第5の結合口形成部(39)を有し、かつ、第4の接続部(36)の位置に相当する箇所に第6の結合口形成部(40)を有し、かつ、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第7のスリット(41)を有する第8の地導体(42)と、
第1のロトマンレンズ基板(37)と第10の地導体(34)との間に第6の誘電体(43)と、第3の接続部(33)の位置に相当する箇所に第7の結合口形成部(44)を有し、かつ、第4の接続部(36)の位置に相当する箇所に第8の結合口形成部(45)を有し、かつ、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第8のスリット(46)を有する第9の地導体(47)と、
第4の接続部(36)の位置に相当する箇所に第1の導波管開口部(35)を有し、かつ、第1の接続部(3)の位置に相当する箇所に第9のスリット(48)を有する第10の地導体(34)とを備え、
第2のロトマンレンズ部(104)には、
第2のロトマンレンズ(49)及び、第4の給電線路(50)と第1のアンテナ部(101)の第1の接続部(3)に電磁結合した第5の接続部(51)及び、第13の地導体(52)の第2の導波管開口部(53)と電磁結合した第6の接続部(54)を有する第2のロトマンレンズ基板(55)と、
第10の地導体(34)と、
第2のロトマンレンズ基板(55)と第10の地導体(34)との間に第7の誘電体(56)と、第5の接続部(51)の位置に相当する箇所に第9の結合口形成部(57)を有し、かつ、第6の接続部(54)の位置に相当する箇所に第10の結合口形成部(58)を有し、かつ、第4の接続部(36)の位置に相当する箇所に第3の導波管開口部(59)を有する第11の地導体(60)と、
第2のロトマンレンズ基板(55)と第13の地導体(52)との間に第8の誘電体(61)と、第5の接続部(51)の位置に相当する箇所に第11の結合口形成部(62)を有し、かつ、第6の接続部(54)の位置に相当する箇所に第12の結合口形成部(63)を有し、かつ、第4の接続部(36)の位置に相当する箇所に第4の導波管開口部(64)を有する第12の地導体(65)と、
第6の接続部(54)の位置に相当する箇所に第2の導波管開口部(53)を有し、かつ、第4の接続部(36)の位置に相当する箇所に第5の導波管開口部(66)を有する第13の地導体(52)とを備え、
第1の地導体(6)、第2の地導体(9)と第1の誘電体(7)、第1のアンテナ基板(4)、第3の地導体(13)と第2の誘電体(11)、第4の地導体(10)、第5の地導体(23)と第3の誘電体(20)、第2のアンテナ基板(19)、第6の地導体(28)と第4の誘電体(25)、第7の地導体(24)、第8の地導体(42)と第5の誘電体(38)、第1のロトマンレンズ基板(37)、第9の地導体(47)と第6の誘電体(43)、第10の地導体(34)、第11の地導体(60)と第7の誘電体(56)、第2のロトマンレンズ基板(55)、第12の地導体(65)と第8の誘電体(61)、第13の地導体(52)の順に積層したことを特徴とするマルチビームアンテナ装置。 - 前記構成のスリットをスロットに変えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のマルチビームアンテナ装置。
- 前記ロトマンレンズについて、電力を供給する複数の入力端子(221),(222),・・・(22m)及び前記複数の入力端子の電力を取り出すための複数の出力端子(231),(232),・・・(23n)から形成されるロトマンレンズと、複数のアンテナ素子で構成され空間に電波を放射するアレーアンテナと、前記出力端子と前記アンテナ素子とを結ぶ給電線路からなり、前記複数の出力端子が配列される曲線及び前記給電線路の長さを決定して、所定の入力端子を励振したとき当該入力端子に対応した角度方向にビームが形成されるマルチビームアンテナ装置において、
空間における前記アレーアンテナのビーム形成角度を前記アレーアンテナ正面からみてβとし、かつ前記出力端子(231),(232),・・・(23n)の配置される部分曲線及び前記ロトマンレンズの中心線(208)の交点S2と前記複数の入力端子の1つとを結ぶ線と、中心線(208)とがなす角度をαとしたとき、β<αであり、さらに
Fを入力端子(221)とS2との距離とし、2Lnをアレーアンテナの開口長とし、S3を、入力端子(221),(222),・・・(22m)の配置される部分曲線と中心線(208)との交点とし、ロトマンレンズの大きさGをS2とS3との距離とし、2Lnを前記アレーアンテナの開口長としたき、
の関係式を満たし、Gをβ=αの条件で設計した場合のロトマンレンズの大きさよりも小さくするよう前記ロトマンレンズの形状を決定したことを特徴とする請求項1~2のいずれか1項に記載のマルチビームアンテナ装置。
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