WO2010083988A2 - Plaque profilée à transmission d'énergie pour incorporation invisible dans un panneau climatique de bâtiment, et procédé et plaque profilée pour une telle incorporation - Google Patents

Plaque profilée à transmission d'énergie pour incorporation invisible dans un panneau climatique de bâtiment, et procédé et plaque profilée pour une telle incorporation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010083988A2
WO2010083988A2 PCT/EP2010/000298 EP2010000298W WO2010083988A2 WO 2010083988 A2 WO2010083988 A2 WO 2010083988A2 EP 2010000298 W EP2010000298 W EP 2010000298W WO 2010083988 A2 WO2010083988 A2 WO 2010083988A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
profile
building
heat
slates
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/000298
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010083988A3 (fr
Inventor
Per Stobbe
Original Assignee
Cupa Innovacion, S.L.U.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cupa Innovacion, S.L.U. filed Critical Cupa Innovacion, S.L.U.
Publication of WO2010083988A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010083988A2/fr
Publication of WO2010083988A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010083988A3/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S10/755—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3452—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means
    • E04D2001/3458—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means on the upper or lower transverse edges of the roof covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E04D2001/3488—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the type of roof covering elements being fastened
    • E04D2001/3494—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the type of roof covering elements being fastened made of rigid material having a flat external surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S2020/10—Solar modules layout; Modular arrangements
    • F24S2020/13—Overlaying arrangements similar to roof tiles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the area of building integrated heat exchanger(s) which absorb the radiation from the sun and convert the radiation into heat and convey this heat energy suitable for heating purposes such as in a building, in a swimming pool, or for tap water.
  • the building integrated heat exchanger give off heat energy from the building to the atmosphere for cooling purposes.
  • Any climate shield on roofs and facades on buildings are usually constructed of many smaller parts constituting the shield against the nature.
  • a climate shield consisting of natural slates of small dimensions like e.g. 50-200 mm width, 200-600 mm length and 6-10 mm thick has been used for roof and facade constructions in many countries.
  • natural slates also known as quarry slates originate from natural shale found in the subsoil at different geographic locations have typically a grey over red to black colored surface which is suitable as a solar energy observing surface.
  • climate shield is considered exclusive and desirable on exclusive buildings and houses. Such houses are found in areas where demands are placed on the appearance of the houses and frequently it is required that the houses appear without technical contraptions placed on the climate shield. This prohibits the mounting of conventional solar connectors which are clearly visible when placed on the outside of a climate shield. This condition is an important background for the present invention.
  • the natural slates or artificial shingles are mounted individually but overlapping each other's on wood laths, battens and secured mechanically by hooks, one or more nails or other fastening means thereto.
  • the battens or laths are typically mounted horizontally on vertical rafters spaced apart by a distance of 400-1000 mm.
  • Formed Plastic such as polypropylene, EPDM or PET plastics
  • Collectors consist of tubes or formed panels through which water is circulated and heated by the sun's radiation and is used for extending the useful season period of swimming pools. In some countries heating of open-air swimming pools with non-renewable energy sources are not allowed, and then these inexpensive systems offer a good solution.
  • This panel type is not, however, suitable for year round domestic uses like for supply of hot water, primarily due to its lack of insulation which reduces its effectiveness greatly when the ambient air temperature is lower than the temperature of the fluid being heated.
  • a Flat Collector consists of a thin absorber sheet (usually aluminum or copper to which a black or selective coating is applied) backed by a grid or coil of fluid handling metal tubing and placed in an insulated casing provided with a glass top cover. Fluid is circulated through the tubing to remove the heat from the absorber and transport it to an insulated water tank, a heat exchanger or some other devices utilizing the heat of the fluid.
  • Evacuated tube collectors are made of a series of modular tubes mounted in parallel, the number of which can be increased or reduced as hot water delivery demands change.
  • This type of collectors consists of rows of parallel transparent glass tubes, each of which contains an absorber tube (in place of an absorber plate to which metal tubes are attached as in flat-plate collectors).
  • the tubes are covered with a special light- modulating coating.
  • sunlight passing through an outer glass tube heats the absorber tube contained within it.
  • Two types of tube collectors are distinguished by their heat transfer method: the simplest pumps a heat transfer unit (water or combined with antifreeze) through a U- shaped metal tube placed in each of the" glass collector tubes.
  • the second type uses a sealed heat glass pipe that contains a liquid that vaporizes as it is heated. The vapor rises to a heat-transfer bulb that is positioned outside the collector tube in a pipe through which a second heat transfer liquid (the water or antifreeze) is pumped.
  • the heated liquid then circulates through a heat exchanger and gives off its heat to water that is stored in a storage tank (which itself may be kept warm partially by sunlight).
  • Evacuated tube collectors heat to higher temperatures and some models provide considerably more solar heat yield per square meter than flat panels. However, they are more expensive and fragile than flat panels.
  • the Flat Plate Collector and the Evacuated Tube Collectors is a one way heat exchanger only capable of harvesting energy for the sun only.
  • cover eliminating the option of loose energy from a device or building part for cooling purposes like during the night.
  • FIGs. 1-5 illustrate conventional solar panel boxes hidden in between the rafters.
  • the description in column 4 mentions * particularly the lack of o no need for thermal contact between the artificial transparent tiles and the solar heat absorber box by stating: a "certain amount of air inside the case” and “the air held in the case”.
  • the air inside the box (between the tiles and the absorber) is used for cooling purposes controlled by valves in the roof.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are variants of the same principle and suffer from the same problems as described above for Figs. 1-5.
  • FIGS. 8-13 illustrate transparent special made tiles with no thermal contact to the solar panel.
  • Figs. 14-19 disclose a number of special made roofing tiles designed for air cooling. None of the figures and examples describes an invisible solar panel in close contact with the standard roofing materials used on the rest of the roof. All tiles are special made and the solar panel installation is not invisible.
  • US patent No. 4,221 ,208 is very similar to US patent 4,111 ,188 and describes a roof using no traditional climate shield roofing materials, but a transparent outer surface specifically used as the actual climate shield for this invention. Hence, it will not be possible to incorporate this inventive device invisible into a roof of traditional roofing materials.
  • US patent No. 4,244,355 discloses a solar panel system comprising solar panel modules, each of which has a collector housing constructed of high temperature fiberglass reinforced plastic, die stabbed steel or aluminum covered with a fiberglass reinforced plastic translucent top portion.
  • the collector housing contains a collector plate preferably constructed of copper having an absorptive coating. Between the top cover and the collector plate there is a dead airspace and at the underside of the collector plate there is a plurality of tubes for carrying a liquid to be heated by the solar collector.
  • This solar collector module is mounted visible in a roof construction instead of a part of the normal roof elements used for the climate shield.
  • US patent application publication No.2005/0199234 A1 discloses a heating and cooling system, which is to be incorporated structurally into an exterior building portion having an interior side. At least one support member having a fastening portion and a channel is mounted proximate to the interior side of the exterior building portion and at least one radiant heat tube is disposed in each channel and mounted proximate to the interior side of the exterior building portion by each support member. A heat-carrying medium is passed through the radiant heat tube and a radiant heat reflective surface is mounted proximate to the radiant heat tube.
  • This heating and cooling system is intended to be incorporated invisible below a climate shield on a building, but the radiant heat tube is not an integral part of the support member, which furthermore has rather limited surface area so that only a small proportion of the climate shield is covered or may be in thermal contact with the underside of the climate shield. This creates a reduced transmission of heat energy between the underside of a climate shield and the heat-carrying medium in the radiant heat tube.
  • Danish patent application DK 2008/000022 discloses an extruded metal solar panel, which is mounted close to the underside of a climate shield. However, the application does not teach an optimal way of providing thermal contact between an extruded or shaped sheet solar panel and a climate shield consisting of discs or slates for optimizing the heat transfer there between.
  • the energy transmitting shaped sheet profile according to the present invention which is intended for invisible incorporation into a building, a part or component thereof, laminated in between and in thermal contact with the traditional climate shield parts on said building, a part or component thereof, said shaped sheet profile being made of a heat-conducting material and having a substantial heat transmitting surface area and at least one through-going channel or duct integrally embedded in or connected with said shaped sheet profile for the flow of an energy carrying-capable fluid in a tube therein.
  • a building, a part or component thereof comprising a climate shield made up of slates and a shaped sheet profile or panel invisible incorporated into said building, a part or component thereof, said profile or panel being made of a heat- conducting material and having a substantial heat transmitting surface area and at least one through-going fluid impervious channel or duct integral with said profile or panel for the flow of a heat energy carrying-capable fluid therein,
  • this combination being characterized in that a substantial surface area of each profile or panel is laminated in between overlapping areas of consecutive rows of climate shield slates so as to provide effective heat energy transmission between said climate shield and said profile or panel via direct mechanical contact conduction there between.
  • the invention also concerns a method of producing a combination of a building, a part or component thereof, wherein a climate shield made up of slates and a shaped sheet profile or panel invisible incorporated into said building, a part or component thereof, said profile or panel being made of a heat-conducting material and having a substantial heat transmitting surface area and at least one through going fluid impervious channel or duct integral with said profile or panel for the flow of a heat energy carrying-capable fluid therein, the method being characterized in that a substantial surface area of each profile or panel is laminated in between overlapping areas of consecutive rows of climate shield slates so as to provide effective heat energy transmission between said climate shield and said profile or panel via direct mechanical contact conduction there between.
  • the invention also concerns a heat energy transmitting shaped sheet profile or panel intended for invisible incorporation into a building, a part or component thereof, beyond a climate shield made up of slates, said profile or panel being made of a heat- conducting material having a substantial heat transmitting surface area and at least one through-going fluid impervious channel or duct integral with said profile or panel for the flow of a heat energy carrying-capable fluid therein, said profile or panel being characterized in that it is provided with oblong open slots substantially perpendicular an edge of the heat transmitting surface area at one side of the through-going channel or duct and closed oblong holes in the heat transmitting surface area substantially parallel to and opposite the through going channel or duct for anchoring said climate shield slates to the shaped sheet profile or panel.
  • the present invention further feature the option to loose energy from a technical device or building part for cooling purposes like during the night as to the lacking climate shield glass cover.
  • the typical glass cover on visible solar panel eliminates the option of radiate energy during the night time from the somewhat hotter roof into the atmosphere.
  • the heat exchange profile or panel is preferably made from shaped sheet metal and is integrated into traditional building materials of a roof or a fagade of a building by being laminated between the individual climate shield discs or slates.
  • the heat exchange capability depends on the time of the day, respectively the need for harvesting solar power or loose heat from a building or a technical installation for cooling purposes.
  • shaped sheet solar panels or profiles ensure optimum contact with the hot slates for cooling them.
  • the slates are heated by the rays from the sun to as much as 75°C on a sunny day.
  • Cooling hoses or tubes located in ducts, grooves or with other means integrated in each shaped sheet solar panel with a depth of similar size as the hoses used. A very important factor is the elimination of air gap between the shaped sheet solar panels as presented in this invention. Also the circulating liquid is in contact with the underside of the slates or discs for optimum heat transfer.
  • the hose or tube may be of metal materials such as aluminum, stainless steel alloys, iron alloys, copper, plastics or combination hereof.
  • Plastics such as PEX, PP, EPDM, PET or the like, are long lasting and low cost.
  • Use of a one-piece hose in full length according to this invention eliminates assembling of smaller hose pieces of tubing or individual hoses in the roof. This is very advantageous as to avoid the risks of potential and unwanted liquid leaks inside the roof. Also, the compact design of this embodiment eliminates more or less the use of bulky fittings.
  • the shaped sheet metal heat exchange profiles or panels have a heat absorbing and transmitting surface area similar or greater than the corresponding climate shield surface area.
  • the incident radiation impinging the climate shield is converted to heat energy, which is transmitted through the climate shield and further on to the shaped sheet panels, which transmit it directly to the energy carrying-capable fluid in the hose embedded in the channels or ducts.
  • the shaped sheet metal heat exchange " profiles or panels is made of a material having excellent heat-conductance a very great proportion of the incident radiation energy is conveyed directly and effectively to the energy carrying-capable fluid in the hose embedded in or integrally connected to the channels or ducts of the shaped sheet metal heat exchange panels.
  • the shaped sheet metal heat exchange panels are in one embodiment specifically designed to correspond to the standard sized natural stone slates and their mounting method is bases on anchoring with metal hooks or alternatively mounting by nails. Slots in the shaped sheet metal solar panels ensure simple mounting of hooks or nails. The size of the shaped sheet metal solar panels and the slots depend on the actual slate dimensions.
  • the solar panel may be divided into sections allowing like 0.5 meter in between the sections allowing workmen responsible for the mounting to walk between the sections.
  • the sections may be two to three meters wide having heights according to the sheet material standard available, such as 0.5 meter high. Between the sections the visible battens or laths appear like a ladder and the flexible hose will tolerate traffic thereon.
  • Fig. 1 is a partial top view of a roof construction showing shaped sheet solar panel profiles laminated according to the present invention in between a cover of stone slates.
  • Fig. 2 is a detailed constructional drawing showing in cross section a natural stone slates roof having shaped sheet metal profiles according to the present invention laminated in between.
  • Fig.3 is an enlarged cut out of Fig.2.
  • Fig.4 is a perspective view of a shaped sheet metal profile according to the present invention including an open duct.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a shaped sheet metal profile according to the present invention including a fixed tube.
  • Fig. 6 is a photograph of a model of a roof construction produced according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a partial top view of a partly finished roof construction, the outer side of which is to be covered with a climate shield of natural slates 4.
  • the partly finished roof construction has a rafter structure 14 on the inner side for load carrying purposes and a climate shield of natural stone slates 4 on the outer side.
  • On top of the rafter structure On top of the rafter structure
  • a water tight bituminous membrane 15 is mounted.
  • Longitudinal laths 12 are secured through the bituminous membrane 15 to the roof rafters 14 with fastening means, e.g. nails or screws.
  • Insulation (not visible) is mounted tight between the rafters below and parallel to the underside of the bituminous membrane 15 for insulation of the roof construction.
  • Above the smaller laths 12 larger standard wood battens 11 are mounted horizontally and secured by fastening means 13, e.g. nails or screws to the laths 12 and optionally also to the rafters 14.
  • Shaped sheet solar panels 7 are fastened to the battens 11 by fastening means like e.g.
  • the shaped sheet solar panels 7 form a primary layer and the stone slates 4 form a secondary or top layer so that the solar panels 7 are always invisible covered as seen from the outside of the roof.
  • the traditional standard mounting method for stone slates based on hooks 5,6 is in this embodiment of the invention kept.
  • the shaped sheet solar panels 7 have horizontal narrow slots (41 in Fig.4) cut out for allowing the use of hooks as fastening means for the stone slates 4.
  • the hooks are fastened substantially perpendicular intQ the battens through the narrow closed slots (41 in Fig.4) in the shaped sheet solar panels 7.
  • Horizontally the hooks are located in the open slots 8 cut perpendicular into the lower edge of the shaped sheet solar panel.
  • each of the slates may be secured to the wood battens by two metal nails or screws through the upper margins of the slates.
  • a hose or tube 1 ,2,3 made of a fluid impervious material for a heat energy carrying- capable fluid or liquid is located in through-going channel(s) or duct(s) 9 provided in each solar panel.
  • Each hose or tube section located in a channel or duct is by its ends connected in a parallel or serial arrangement (or a combination thereof) to other hose or tube sections in other channels or ducts by respective manifolds 2 or tubing 3, the total arrangement being connected to a heat exchange appliance, such as a water heater, a radiator, a central heating or cooling unit, a floor-heating unit, or a swimming pool.
  • the frame work of wood battens 11 to which the slates 4 are secured, has typically cross sectional dimensions of 40-73mm width and 20-38mm height.
  • a heat conducting shaped sheet panel 7 according to the present invention is mounted on the same framework of wood battens 11.
  • the panel extends a long substantial length of the battens, and the width of each panel is greater than the distance between two neighboring battens so that the total area between- two neighboring battens is fully covered by the panel and there is an overlap at the top of each batten rendering it possible to secure the panel to the battens by appropriate means 13, e.g. nails, screws etc.
  • each panel extends a cross substantial number of the battens.
  • the panel has at least one through-going fluid impervious channel or duct 9 at its underside and integral therewith, in which a hose or tube is located and filled with a heat energy carrying-capable fluid flowing from one end to the other of said channel or duct.
  • the through-going channel or duct 9 may itself constitute a fluid impervious tube in which the energy carrying-capable fluid is flowing from one end to the other.
  • each panel may have more than one through-going fluid impervious channel or duct 9.
  • Fig.2 is a cross section of an embodiment of a heat conducting shaped sheet solar panel or membrane 26,29 according to the present invention.
  • the panel has a substantial length (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) and width: the length of the panel is usually much greater than the width of the same.
  • the panel has a through-going fluid impervious channel or duct 23, in which a hose or tube 22 filled with a heat energy carrying-capable fluid flowing from one end to the other of said channel or duct is placed.
  • each shaped solar panel 26,29 is in good thermal, preferably physical contact with the underside of several climate shield slates 25 and is laminated in between the undersides and top sides of adjacent slates 25 overlapping each others. Therefore, the gap between the top surface of a panel and the underside of a climate shield slate is preferably as small as possible and is most preferably zero, which means that there is a direct physical contact between the top side of a panel and the underside of a climate shield slate.
  • the climate shield slates 25 are secured with hooks 24 onto the battens 21.
  • Heat energy will be transmitted from the rear side of the climate shield slates to the shaped sheet solar panels via infrared radiation, via direct mechanical contact conduction and via convection to the shaped sheet solar panels surfaces. Since non coated metal surfaces reflect light and to some extent long wavelength infrared radiation the solar panel top surface may preferably be coated for improving absorption of the transmitted thermal energy from the rear side of the climate shield slates. Black paints are often not selective to specific wavelengths and less costly to apply to large surfaces not being a planar sheet. Special coatings may be tuned to be selective for desired wavelengths. Coatings, also typical black, having a surface of great roughness or a crystalline structure, act like small lenses.
  • the heat energy carrying-capable fluid in the hoses 1 , 2, 3 in the through-going channels or ducts 9 may be any suitable fluid, but is preferably liquids such as typically water or a water-based fluid.
  • the incident radiation impinging on the climate shield is at least partly converted into heat energy which is transmitted through the climate shield and further on to the panel which absorbs it and conducts it directly to the heat energy carrying-capable fluid in the embedded tubing 2 placed in or integrally connected with the channels or ducts. Because the panel shaves a great surface area in direct effective thermal contract with a corresponding large area of the climate shield and because the panels are made of a material having excellent heat- conductance a very great proportion of the incident radiation energy is conveyed directly and effectively to the heat energy carrying-capable fluid" in the embedded tubing 2 in the shaped sheet solar panel.
  • Fig.3 shows the same cross section in a part of a roof as Fig.2 , but in an enlarged scale showing greater details.
  • the outer side of the roof is covered with a climate shield of natural stone slates 25.
  • the slates 25 are secured to a framework of wood battens 21 , which typically have a cross sectional width of 20-78 and a height of 20- 38mm, by mechanical means, such as, e.g., hooks, nails, screws etc., to the battens 21.
  • Insulation 37 (only shown in one batten interspace) on the rear side of the shaped sheet solar panels prevents the heat absorbed by the panels 26,29 and the heat energy carrying-capable fluid in the channels or ducts 23 from being transmitted to building portions below the shaped sheet solar panels and therefore also contributes to the energy efficiency of the shaped sheet solar panels 26,29 according to the present invention.
  • the insulating materials on the rear sides of the panels not only reduce the thermal losses to the building construction, but also ensure maximum thermal efficiency.
  • the insulation material (37) will have thermal conductivity lower than 0.5 Wm 2 /K and is selected among and fabricated from various foam compositions or various inorganic or organic fiber materials. If needed, further insulation 37 may be mounted directly on the shaped sheet solar panel 23,26 with glue or the like.
  • shaped sheet solar panels are and function as described for the shaped sheet solar panel 26,29 in Fig.2.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a short version of a shaped sheet profile 7 according to the present invention.
  • the profile 7 has a through going fluid impervious channel or duct 9 for housing a hose or tube (1, 2, 3 in Fig. 1 ) having outside diameters ranging from 6 to 30 mm preferably 15-22 mm.
  • Such tubing may be of a heat conductive and flexible material, e.g. metals or plastics or combinations thereof.
  • the tubing or pipe is preferably in good thermal contact with the shaped sheet profile eliminating an air gap between the hose or tube outer surface and the channel surface.
  • the tubing or pipe may be placed with no air gap in the duct alternatively surrounded by an oil based paste or fluid having high resistance to vaporization for improved heat transfer.
  • the panel extends along a substantial length of the battens and the width of the panel 7 is greater than the distance between two neighboring battens so that the total area between two neighboring battens is fully covered by the panel 7. Due to the width of the panels 7 and the lamination in between the stones latest here is in practice a considerably overlap between the panels 7 and the stone slates.
  • a strip integral with the panel 7 is bended at an angle 43 close to 90 degrees to form a bracket.
  • This bracket is manufactured to impart stiffness to the panel 7 and with a series of holes for fastening the panel to the battens with nails.
  • a series of closed slots or holes 41 is arranged on a line parallel with the duct 9 allowing hooks (5, 6 in Fig. 1 ) to pass through the panel 7 and into the battens.
  • the closed slots are placed so as to correspond to the size of the slates, typically with a centre to centre distance ranging between 100 and 500mm and 10-30mm from the panel top edge; in Europe typically between 150 and 400 mm for hook secured slate roofs.
  • a number of open slots are cut into the panel allowing room for hooks, which otherwise would conflict with the shaped sheet solar panel.
  • the slot width is about 10-20 mm and the length ranges according to the chosen slates from about 50-250mm.
  • the brackets trip is provided with a series of 05 mm holes for further fastening purposes to the battens. It is considered important for the practice of the invention that the slots allow the use of traditional hooks without interference.
  • the slots may easily be designed in shape and number for nail fastening of the slates.
  • the panel has a thickness of a few millimeters, e.g. 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably 0.5 to 10 mm, more preferably 1 to 4, most preferably 1 to 3 mm, and is made of a material having good heat-conductance, e.g., a metal such as aluminum and aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys types.
  • a material having good heat-conductance e.g., a metal such as aluminum and aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys types.
  • the panel material has a thermal conductivity of at least 5 Wm 2 /K, more preferably at least 10 Wm 2 /K.
  • the panel may be manufactured by an extrusion process used to create long objects of a fixed cross-section. By such processes the material to be used is pushed in a heated condition through a die having the desired cross sectional shape. Hollow sections like the through-going channel or duct 3 are usually produced by placing a pin or piercing mandrel within the die.
  • the extrusion process may be continues or semi-continues and create endless panels or panels having a length of typically 20-30 meters, which are straightened, cooled and cut into desired lengths of typically 6-8 meters ready for shipment-.
  • the extrusion material is aluminum it is heated as a billet to about 400 0 C before it is pushed through the die. Subsequently the slots and holes are cut or drilled by e.g. a laser cutter.
  • the shaped sheet solar panels may be rolled or press formed from sheet into the preferred shape on a suitable bending, rolling machine.
  • the slots and holes are cut before the shaping process by e.g. a laser cutter or other punching device.
  • Fig.5 is a perspective view of a section of a shaped sheet metal profile (such as in fig.4) according to the present invention including a pipe fixed mechanically to the profile.
  • the shaped sheet metal profile has a through-going fluid impervious integrated set of tube(s)(1, 2, 3 in Fig. 1) having outside diameters ranging from 2 to 30 mm preferably 6 -22 mm.
  • Such tubing may be of a heat conductive material e.g. metals and take other shapes than round.
  • the tube 9 may be rolled, flattened slightly on the side in contact with the shaped sheet metal profile for better thermal contact.
  • the tube(s) 9 it self is mechanically and thermally attached directly to the shaped sheet metal profile 7 by friction welding, thermal welding, ultra sonic welding, laser welding or the like.
  • the tube 9 may be of a non round design for improved attachment, such as partly flat, partly flat with small wings, partly flat with partly thicker wall, partly flat with non symmetric wall thickness or combinations hereof.
  • One tube assembly may alternatively be U-shaped with two in parallel tube extending along the panel underside with a 180° bend in the opposite end of the two tube ends, openings being the inlet and the outlet.
  • external tube connection are only in one side of the profiles.
  • Insulation 55 on the rear side of the shaped sheet solar panels prevents the heat absorbed by the panels 7 and the heat energy carrying-capable fluid in the tube 9 from being transmitted to building portions below the shaped sheet solar panels 7 and therefore also contributes to the energy efficiency of the shaped sheet heat exchanger panels.
  • the insulating materials on the rear sides of the panels 7 not only reduce the thermal losses to the building construction, but also ensure maximum thermal efficiency.
  • the insulation material 55 will have thermal conductivity lower than 0.5 Wm 2 /K and is selected among and fabricated from various foam compositions or various inorganic or organic fiber materials.
  • the lamination of thee shaped sheet panels in between the slates of a climate shield is an important feature of the invention and ensures good thermal contact between both surfaces of the individual slates of the climate shield. Which may take any angle between zero and ninety degree, be flat or curved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des échangeurs de chaleur pouvant être intégrés à des bâtiments, qui absorbent le rayonnement du soleil au cours de la journée et convertissent l'énergie en chaleur adaptée au chauffage. En outre, pendant la nuit, ce même échangeur de chaleur intégré au bâtiment est capable de libérer l'énergie provenant d'un dispositif technique ou d'une partie du bâtiment à des fins de refroidissement par rayonnement d'énergie depuis le toit chaud dans l'atmosphère.
PCT/EP2010/000298 2009-01-20 2010-01-20 Plaque profilée à transmission d'énergie pour incorporation invisible dans un panneau climatique de bâtiment, et procédé et plaque profilée pour une telle incorporation WO2010083988A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200900079 2009-01-20
DKPA2009-00079 2009-01-20
DKPA200900550 2009-04-29
DKPA2009-00550 2009-04-29
DKPA2009-00997 2009-09-06
DKPA200900997 2009-09-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010083988A2 true WO2010083988A2 (fr) 2010-07-29
WO2010083988A3 WO2010083988A3 (fr) 2011-06-30

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PCT/EP2010/000298 WO2010083988A2 (fr) 2009-01-20 2010-01-20 Plaque profilée à transmission d'énergie pour incorporation invisible dans un panneau climatique de bâtiment, et procédé et plaque profilée pour une telle incorporation

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013011163A1 (fr) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-24 Soltech Energy Mediterraneo ,S.L Recouvrement-capteur solaire thermique pour édifices et similaires
FR2993292A1 (fr) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-17 Hubert Louis Marie Labrousse Dispositif de capture thermique solaire a l'aide d'elements conducteurs a effet de "corps noir". application exemplaire en toiture d'ardoise sans modification externe de couverture

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083360A (en) 1975-02-28 1978-04-11 Battelle Memorial Institute Device for collecting solar energy
US4111188A (en) 1976-04-06 1978-09-05 Murphy Jr John A Extruded metal solar collector roofing shingle
US4221208A (en) 1978-11-28 1980-09-09 Murphy Jr John A Solar collector assembly
US4244355A (en) 1978-06-05 1981-01-13 Jack Stout Modular structurally integrated solar panel
US20050199234A1 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-09-15 Leighton Steven S. Heating and cooling system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3014075C2 (de) * 1980-04-11 1984-06-07 Josef Meindl oHG, 8250 Dorfen Dacheindeckung aus schuppenartig einander überlappenden Dacheindeckungsplatten
FR2927157B1 (fr) * 2008-01-31 2012-11-23 Patrick Claude Henri Magnier Panneau d'echange thermique, procede de fabrication et dispositif de couverture d'une construction
EP2331881A2 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2011-06-15 Nordic Energy Group Holdings ApS Elément de panneau solaire
ES2334876B1 (es) * 2008-09-15 2010-12-28 Cupa Innovacion, S.L.U. Panel de cubierta captador de energia solar.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083360A (en) 1975-02-28 1978-04-11 Battelle Memorial Institute Device for collecting solar energy
US4111188A (en) 1976-04-06 1978-09-05 Murphy Jr John A Extruded metal solar collector roofing shingle
US4244355A (en) 1978-06-05 1981-01-13 Jack Stout Modular structurally integrated solar panel
US4221208A (en) 1978-11-28 1980-09-09 Murphy Jr John A Solar collector assembly
US20050199234A1 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-09-15 Leighton Steven S. Heating and cooling system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013011163A1 (fr) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-24 Soltech Energy Mediterraneo ,S.L Recouvrement-capteur solaire thermique pour édifices et similaires
FR2993292A1 (fr) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-17 Hubert Louis Marie Labrousse Dispositif de capture thermique solaire a l'aide d'elements conducteurs a effet de "corps noir". application exemplaire en toiture d'ardoise sans modification externe de couverture

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