WO2010083890A1 - Dispositif de pulvérisation, utilisation de celui-ci et procédé correspondant pour diffusion orientée vers le bas d'un agent physique - Google Patents

Dispositif de pulvérisation, utilisation de celui-ci et procédé correspondant pour diffusion orientée vers le bas d'un agent physique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010083890A1
WO2010083890A1 PCT/EP2009/050788 EP2009050788W WO2010083890A1 WO 2010083890 A1 WO2010083890 A1 WO 2010083890A1 EP 2009050788 W EP2009050788 W EP 2009050788W WO 2010083890 A1 WO2010083890 A1 WO 2010083890A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
physical agent
dispersing device
igniter
detonating explosive
pulverizing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/050788
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Dmitry Zakhmatov
Original Assignee
Highland Technologies Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Highland Technologies Ltd. filed Critical Highland Technologies Ltd.
Priority to PCT/EP2009/050788 priority Critical patent/WO2010083890A1/fr
Publication of WO2010083890A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010083890A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
    • A62C3/025—Fire extinguishing bombs; Projectiles and launchers therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
    • A62C3/0235—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft by means of containers, e.g. buckets

Definitions

  • Pulverizing device its use and corresponding method for downwards oriented spreading of a physical agent
  • the present invention relates to a pulverizing device for downwards oriented spreading of a physical agent, the use of said pulverizing device and a method for downwards oriented spreading a physical agent using such a pulverizing device.
  • a quick, even pulverized spreading of an agent has long been an issue in several fields of activity. Some of these fields are firef ⁇ ghting, explosive prevention, localization and confinement of toxic chemicals or radioactive material, cleaning of oil spreads on water surfaces, heat protection, camouflage or crowd/ terrorist control.
  • a common problem has been that in order to ensure a proper effect and to achieve a sufficiently even coverage, very often a much larger amount of agent has been used. Obviously this leads to a significant amount of waste of the agent.
  • the price of the agent is negligible, the time and cost to produce, deliver, prepare for use and distribution of it is significant.
  • the use of unnecessary excessive amounts of agent just to ensure that the entire area is covered with at least some of the agent leads to serious disadvantages. Not only significant amounts of the agent are wasted, but in many cases an excess of said agent may cause further damages.
  • a further example is firefighting, where usually a larger amount of agent, i.e. water, foam, etc., is spread in order to ensure that the entire burning surface is covered and no spots are missed.
  • agent i.e. water, foam, etc.
  • the effectiveness of the water usage can be as low as 1%.
  • a side effect of this is that in many cases, even though the fire is successfully extinguished, the affected property (building, vehicle, etc) is completely soaked and a significant part of the damage is caused by the fire extinguishing agent itself. It has been reported numerous times that even if a burning building has been relatively quickly extinguished, it had to be demolished since the excess water has weakened the structure of the building, making it unsafe.
  • a further danger firefighters have to face is electrocution. It is statistically proven that a very high percentage of all fires are caused by electricity. However, firefighters often can not intervene due to the high risk of electrocution. Often critical time is lost until the area is disconnected from all power sources.
  • a special field of pulverized spreading of an agent is the suspended method, when a pulverizing device is suspended vertically above the surface to be pulverized.
  • the pulverizing device is usually suspended from an aircraft like small or medium sized airplanes or helicopters or alternatively from cranes or other land-based support structures.
  • the suspension from an aircraft is the preferred method due to its mobility and fast deployment capabilities.
  • the pulverizing device is suspended at different heights above the surface. This suspended method proved to be very helpful but presents great challenges not fully solved in the prior art.
  • the objective of the present invention is thus to provide a suspendable pulverizing device and a corresponding method which enable a quick but uniform distribution of a physical agent while at the same time minimizing the amount of agent required without compromising the uniformity of the coverage.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing device that allows an efficient and uniform coverage even when deployed as suspended at great heights above the surface to be covered.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing device that is easy and cheap to produce, with high versatility suitable for spreading a wide range of agents in an effective manner.
  • An even further objective is to provide a pulverizing device that is easy to use and which is at the same time also reusable to minimize cost and waste.
  • a further objective of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing device that is scalable and customizable for specific deployment areas.
  • a pulverizing device for downwards oriented spreading of a physical agent comprising multiple dispersing device units in a lateral side-by-side arrangement, each of these dispersing device units comprising an individually activateable igniter which will in turn trigger a detonating explosive of the respective dispersing device unit providing for a transformation of a pressure wave created by a detonating explosive when triggered into a pressure wave travelling through the physical agent to be spread and a mixing of exhaust by-products created by said detonating explosive when triggered with the physical agent and also providing for a pulse pulverization of said physical agent upon release of said physical agent through a release portion of said device.
  • said physical agent can be any one or a combination of the following: different liquids, gelatin, dictilate plastic, dense solutions, viscous materials, powders, sand or other granular material, snow, foam, dry or wet fire extinguisher chemicals, biosorbents, incapacitants, radioactivity neutralizing particles, etc.
  • a pulverizing device comprising multiple dispersing device units is provided; a receptacle of each dispersing device unit is filled with a physical agent; a detonating device is provided for each dispersing device unit; said dispersing device units are bundled together is a lateral side-by-side arrangement; the entire pulverizing device is carried above a surface to be spread; an igniter of any of the dispersing device units is activated by an activator, which will in turn trigger a detonating explosive of the respective dispersing device unit providing for a transformation of a pressure wave created by said detonating explosive into a pressure wave travelling through said physical agent; a mixing of exhaust by-products created by said detonating explosive when triggered with the physical agent ; and a pulse pulverization of said physical agent upon release of said physical agent through a release portion of the respective dispersing device unit.
  • the main advantage of the present invention is that an efficient spreading of the physical agent is possible thus minimizing the amount of agent needed for a uniform coverage of a surface of choice.
  • the cheap and easy production of the present invention makes this dispersing device widely accessible and due to its versatility it can be used for various purposes.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the dispersing device is completely scalable, i.e. its size and capacity can be varied freely without the need to modify the basic design at all.
  • the system is built in a modular arrangement, i.e. an array or set of dispersing device units are joined to build a system where multiple pulverizing shots can be performed one after the other or at the same time without the need for refilling.
  • a further important advantage of the present invention is that due to the fact that it is a suspended system deployable from great heights, it can be used without the need to be in close proximity of the surface to be covered thus minimizing the danger related to direct or even indirect contact or proximity with the surface to be covered. This is especially important in the case of fires, radioactive or chemical contamination, etc.
  • the present invention allows a quick and efficient spreading of any fire-extinguishing agent transformed into a so-called gas dispersive pressure vortex which provides for instantaneous extinguishing of the fire; when used for confinement of toxic chemicals or radioactive materials, the agent (a decontaminant or radioactivity neutralizing particles) can be spread evenly on extended surfaces without neither missing spots nor requiring the use of excess agent, which might cause further damage to the contaminated surface (soil, water, etc); when used for camouflage or crowd control purposes, the dispersing device or method of the present invention allows a quick and controlled deployment of smoke, tear gas, pepper spray, sticky foam, or other irritants and incapacitants allowing fast intervention while eliminating the danger of abusive overuse causing injuries. Furthermore, pulverization of natural materials such as water, sand, dust, soiled water, gelatins, snow or ice might be effective for these
  • FIG. IA A structural lateral view of a first embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention depicting a lateral side- by-side arrangement of multiple dispersing device units;
  • FIG. IB A structural bottom view of a first embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention depicting a lateral side- by-side arrangement of multiple dispersing device units;
  • FIG. 2A A structural lateral view of a further embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention depicting a lateral side-by-side arrangement of multiple dispersing device units;
  • FIG. 2B A structural bottom view of a further embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention depicting a lateral side-by-side arrangement of multiple dispersing device units;
  • FIG. 3 A detailed lateral view depicting the structure of a first embodiment of a single dispersing device unit
  • FIG. 4A A detailed cross sectional view depicting the structure of a further embodiment of a single dispersing device unit
  • Fig. 4B A side-view depicting the outer structure of a further embodiment of a single dispersing device unit
  • FIG. 4C A bottom view depicting the outer bottom structure of a further embodiment of a single dispersing device unit
  • Fig. 5 A detailed cross sectional view depicting the structure of a further collapsible embodiment of a single dispersing device unit in a not yet to be used state packed for storage/ transportation;
  • Fig. 6A A symbolic representation of an embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention being used in firefighting as suspended from an aircraft;
  • Fig, 6B A symbolic representation of an embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention being used in firefighting after being activated and dropped from an aircraft and its igniter being triggered at a predetermined height above the fire;
  • Fig. 7 A symbolic representation of a further cluster-type embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention being used in firefighting as suspended from an aircraft with some of the individual dispersing device units being dropped wherein some of the dropped dispersing device units being triggered at a predetermined height above the fire;
  • Fig. 8A A symbolic representation of an embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention being used for localizing/ treating a contaminated water surface as suspended from an aircraft;
  • Fig. 8B A symbolic representation of an embodiment of the pulverizing device according to the present invention being used for localizing/ treating a contaminated water surface being activated and dropped from an aircraft and its igniter being triggered at a predetermined height above the contaminated water surface.
  • activation of an igniter or of a series of igniters will be used in the context of the present invention as meaning some sort of putting into function of an igniter.
  • This activation can be a spark, an electrical signal applied to an igniter or any other action which corresponds to engaging the specific igniter used.
  • an igniter After activation, an igniter will in turn cause a triggering of a connected detonating explosive.
  • the activation never causes directly a detonation of the explosive; it will only initiate the series of events leading to a detonation.
  • to trigger / "triggering” will be used in the context of the present application with the meaning of some sort of action causing a detonation, ignition, etc of an explosive or deflagrating gun powder.
  • triggering will cause said explosive or deflagrating gun powder to detonate/ deflagrate and create a pressure wave as a result of said detonation/deflagration.
  • the triggering can be by an electric detonator, a mechanical detonator, a simple fuse or other known means used in the field to detonate an explosive material.
  • detonating explosive is being used in the context of the present application to refer to any type of explosive or deflagrating material that is suitable to create a pressure wave when triggered.
  • Figures IA and IB show structural views of a first embodiment of the pulverizing device 10 according to the present invention depicting a lateral side-by-side arrangement of multiple dispersing device units 20.
  • Figure IA is a side view, where the lateral side-by side arrangement can be seen as being suspended from above with a suspension system 30.
  • the structure of the pulverizing device 10 comprises mainly the side-by-side arrangement of multiple dispersing device units 20 bundled together by means for carrying 3 and a common activator 4 for activating igniters 12 of any of said multiple dispersing device units 20.
  • Figure IB is a bottom view, where the lateral arrangement of the dispersing device units 20 bundled together by the means for carrying 3 can be further examined.
  • the means for carrying 3 shown on Figures IA and IB used for bundling together multiple dispersing device units 20 and carrying said bundle can be of various types without departing from its basic function, i.e. holding the dispersing device units 20 together in a tight stable manner without preventing these to explode, as explained in further paragraphs.
  • the means for carrying 3 can be thus a net, a plastic bag or similar structure with sufficient strength to carry the weight of the arrangement of multiple dispersing device units 20.
  • the means for carrying 3 should be made alternatively of a cheap lightweight material or it should be a reusable part of the pulverizing device 10 so that it does not increase the overall cost of the pulverizing device 10 significantly.
  • All embodiments of the means for carrying 3 ensure that the free release/ deployment of the dispersing device units 20 is not limited in any way and that said dispersing device units 20 can perform their function without obstructions.
  • the plastic bag or other embodiments of the means for carrying 3 should be formed so that an explosion of the dispersing device units 20 can tear these apart and that the power of said explosion is not significantly reduced by the added resistance of the means for carrying 3.
  • a reusable, cluster-type embodiment of the means for carrying 3 is shown on figure 7, where a cluster of solid frames is built to house the individual dispersing device units 20.
  • the frames can be made of lightweight metals or hard plastic as long as they provide the sufficient stiffness to support the weight of the dispersing device units 20 without breaking or deforming when being suspended.
  • each cluster of the cluster-type means for carrying 3 is provided with means for releasing 25 the dispersing device units 20 individually or in groups.
  • This means for releasing 25 is depicted as simple releasable hook on figure 7 which is titled when the dispersing device unit 20 suspended by it is to be released/ deployed.
  • the means for releasing 25 for each cluster are connectable to the common activator 4 which can cause the release of the dispersing device units 20 in various patterns or according to specialized programs meant to optimize the use of the entire system according to height, wind conditions, target surface and type, etc.
  • Figure IA also shows the suspension system 30 used to suspend the pulverizing device 10 above the surface to be covered by the physical agent 2.
  • This suspension system 30 is designed to correspond to the particular embodiment of the means for carrying 3 used. Where the means for carrying 3 is a simple net, then the suspension system 30 is preferably a simple rope or cable with proper connections on both ends, i.e. on one end the suspension system 30 must connect to the means for carrying 3 and on the other end it must be connected to the structure or aircraft that the pulverizing device 10 is suspended from.
  • the suspension system 30 is a more elaborate system comprising an arrangement of multiple suspension cables enabling a well-balanced suspension of the cluster platform.
  • the suspension system 30 is fitted with carabiners or other suitable fast-locking devices for quick suspension of the pulverizing device 10. This is especially useful in quick intervention scenarios when a new pulverizing device 10 has to be attached to the carrier as quickly as possible after being used up for repeated intervention.
  • the pulverizing device 10 further comprises a common activator 4 used to activate the igniter 12 of any of the multiple dispersing device units 20.
  • This activator 4 can be firmly attached to the suspension system 30 or to the bundle of dispersing device units 20 according to particular embodiments.
  • the activator 4 can be a simple detonator having connections to a battery or other source of electricity which in turn aid in providing an electrical charge or spark to activate the igniter 12 of the particular dispersing device unit 20.
  • the activator 4 is a numerically controlled activator 4 wherein special programs can be loaded to precisely control the activation of the igniters 12 of the dispersing device units 20.
  • the activator 4 is provided with an altimeter so that the activation of the igniters 12 of the dispersing device units 20 can be set to a precise altitude above the target area.
  • the pulverizing device 10 is dropped/ released from the suspending structure/ aircraft, it will fall freely until said predetermined height at which point the altimeter will emit a signal to the activator 4 which in turn will activate the igniter 12 of any of the dispersing device units 20.
  • the activator 4 will be connected to the means for releasing 25 of any of the dispersing device units 20, so that the individual dispersing device units 20 are dropped/ released upon activation.
  • the activation of the igniter 12 of a dispersing device unit 20 is simultaneous with the release of that particular dispersing device unit 20.
  • the activator 4 when the activator 4 is provided with an altimeter, not only the height of activation but also the height of the release of a particular dispersing device unit 20 can be set to a predetermined height above the target surface to be covered with the physical agent 2.
  • the dispersing device units 20 of the embodiment shown on figures IA and IB are of the stiff type, i.e. their main body, the receptacle 1 is made of a relatively stiff material so that they do not deform when they are pressed together to form the lateral side-by-side arrangement. This can be seen very well on figure IB where the bottom section of each dispersing device unit 20 remains perfectly circular, as they were in their initial unitary state.
  • Figures 2A and 2B on the other hand show an embodiment where the main body of each dispersing device unit 20, i.e. the receptacle 1 is made of relatively soft material which allows the dispersing device units 20 to deform when they are bundled together.
  • FIG. 3 A detailed lateral view depicting a first embodiment of the dispersing device unit 20 according to the present invention is shown on figure 3. It should be noted that the suspension system 30 which is also shown on this figure is not part of the dispersing device unit 20, rather of the pulverizing device 10 as a whole. It is shown here only for the purpose of clarity and should not be interpreted as if each dispersing device unit 20 comprises its own suspension system 30 which in turn is not excluded either.
  • the main body part, as referred to earlier, of the dispersing device unit 20 is the receptacle 1 for receiving the physical agent physical agent 2 that is to be spread with the dispersing device pulverizing device 10.
  • This receptacle 1 is usually a longitudinal enclosing suitable for receiving considerable amounts of the physical agent 2.
  • the receptacle 1 can be made of literally any material sufficiently strong to withstand the destructive force of a small detonation, caused by a detonating explosive 6 to be described in detail later.
  • a common requirement of the material used for producing the receptacle 1 is for it to be available in relatively large quantities, to be relatively cheap and easy to shape/ produce.
  • the receptacle 1 can thus be made of various plastics such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), different lightweight metals or even composite materials. Highly flexible and elastic materials are also suitable for producing the receptacle 1 due to their low cost and reduced weight.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • Highly flexible and elastic materials are also suitable for producing the receptacle 1 due to their low cost and reduced weight.
  • the receptacle 1 as shown on figure 3 comprises a lower part 5 for receiving said physical agent 2 and serving as a release portion through which said physical agent 2 is to be released and an upper part 8 with an inner cavity for receiving a detonating explosive 6 and heavy granular material 16.
  • the two parts of the receptacle 1, i.e. the lower part 5 and the upper part 8 can be one solitary piece made of one single material.
  • the lower part 5 may be made comparatively thinner than the upper part 8 for enabling it to act as a release portion through which said physical agent 2 is to be released, i.e. to make it weak enough to be torn apart by the destructive force of the detonating explosive 6 when triggered.
  • the lower part 5 must still be made strong enough to be able to hold significant amounts of the physical agent 2 without braking apart.
  • the lower part 5 and the upper part 8 of the receptacle 1 can be made of two separate parts joint together. This has the advantage that the two parts can be made separately from different materials if needed.
  • the upper part 8 is made strong enough to withstand the destructive forces of the detonating explosive 6 when triggered and thus the upper part 8 can be made as a reusable part of the dispersing device unit 20.
  • the lower part 5 is still made of a weaker material that can be torn apart by the detonating explosive 6 to enable the release of the physical agent 2. Additionally, it is possible to make only a portion of the lower part 5 that is to act as a release portion weaker, while the rest of the lower part 5 and the receptacle 1 stronger to withstand the detonating explosive 6.
  • the lower part 5 is a bag-like or balloon shape hollow container capable of receiving significant amounts of the physical agent 2.
  • the lower part 5 itself may comprise a lower bag-like part and an upper barrel or cone-shaped part.
  • said lower bag-like part will act as the release portion through which the physical agent 2 is to be released.
  • the upper part 8 of the receptacle 1 is a further container-type element of the receptacle 1, provided with an inner cavity for receiving a detonating explosive 6 and heavy granular material 16.
  • the upper part 8 has a considerably smaller size than the lower part 5, a size which is adapted to the amount of detonating explosive 6 and heavy granular material 16 required for an ideal detonation and subsequent pulse-pulverization of the physical agent 2 as its consequence.
  • the main role of the upper part 8 is to provide a suitable cavity for the detonating explosive 6 and related heavy granular material 16 and at the same time provide sufficient stiffness to make sure the pressure-wave created by the detonating explosive 6 when triggered is directed downwards into and through the physical agent 2.
  • the upper part 8 will focus the pressure wave in the direction of the physical agent 2 rather than allowing it to spread in all directions.
  • This focusing is further aided by the positioning of the detonating explosive 6 within the upper part 8, i.e. preferably on the lower side, in close proximity of the physical agent 2.
  • the construction of the detonating explosive 6 and its cartridge 7, as described in later paragraphs also plays a role in this focusing.
  • a suitable amount of heavy granular material 16 is provided which can distribute the pressure created by the detonating explosive 6 when triggered evenly on the entire cross-section of the upper part 8 which comes into contact with the lower part 5 comprising the physical agent 2 ensuring a full cone-shaped pulverization of the entire amount of physical agent 2.
  • the heavy granular material 16 can be any one or a combination of the following materials: wet or dry sand, granulated powders, mud, granulated or porous rubber or other elastic material.
  • the heavy granular material 16 has the further role of absorbing the recoil forces due to the triggering of the detonating explosive 6 thus protecting not only the upper part 8 of the receptacle 1 but also the structure or aircraft that suspends the pulverizing device 10 from small fragments travelling at high-speed.
  • the upper part 8 also comprises an opening through which the detonating explosive 6, eventually in a cartridge 7, can be inserted into said cavity inside the upper part 8.
  • the detonating explosive 6 can be various types of explosives, such as black gun-powder, trinitrotoluene, hexogen pulverized in porous thick material or deflagrating gun-powder for example.
  • the detonating explosive 6 is chosen so that the pressure wave created by detonating explosive 6 when activated is travelling at a relatively slow speed between 1000 and 3000m/s.
  • the ratio of the physical agent 2 and the detonating explosive 6 is preferably between 1/50 up to 1/500 in certain cases. The aforementioned ratio is valid for all embodiments described and presented herein.
  • the detonating explosive 6 is provided in a cartridge 7. This way the detonating explosive 6 is safely protected in said cartridge 7, minimizing the danger of said detonating explosive 6 leaking out or being exposed in any way.
  • the use of a cartridge 7 makes the refitting of a dispersing device unit 20 with a new load of detonating explosive 6 after its use a lot faster and easier step. This is especially preferred when the dispersing device unit 20 in question is to be used with variable pulverizing charges.
  • the cartridge 7 with the detonating explosive 6 is itself inserted into a tube 13 which in turn is inserted into the upper part 8 of the receptacle 1 through an opening of the upper part 8.
  • This tube 13 can be installed permanently inside the upper part 8 of the receptacle 1 so that a detonating explosive 6 in a cartridge 7 and a connected igniter 12 can be inserted in this tube 13, or in an alternative embodiment, preassembled tubes 13 are provided, wherein the detonating explosive 6 is readily connected with an igniter 12 and packed together to form a ready-to use unit, which only needs to be inserted into the upper part 8 of the receptacle 1 through said opening.
  • the main advantage of this second alternative is the quick assembly of a ready-to use dispersing device unit 20 without the need to connect the detonating explosive 6 with an igniter 12 on-site.
  • the first alternative where the tube 13 does not come with the detonating explosive 6 and igniter 12 pre-fitted, offers the advantage that the choice of a particular detonating explosive 6 combination can be made on-site depending on the current needs.
  • the cartridge 7 and/or the tube 13 are/is covered on their/its lower part by an elastic film or profiled cover 11 meant to confine the detonating explosive 6 but at the same time provide for a weaker segment of the enclosure where the explosive pressure wave can escape easily. This further aids in the focusing of the pressure wave as discussed in an earlier paragraph.
  • This elastic film or profiled cover 11 is made just strong enough to be able to provide a proper enclosure for the detonating explosive 6, however it is made significantly weaker than the tube 13 or the cartridge 7 to make sure that the pressure wave created by a triggering of the detonating explosive 6 will travel in the direction defined by this elastic film or profiled cover 11.
  • the igniter 12 used by each dispersing device unit 20 as shown on figure 3 can be of various types as long as it is capable of causing a triggering of the detonating explosive 6 it is connected to.
  • the igniter 12 is a delay detonator, i.e. the time of triggering the explosive can be precisely set.
  • Various known detonators can be used, ranging from mechanical detonators to state-of the art electrical detonators fitted with altimeters or remote control capabilities.
  • the height of the triggering of the detonating explosive 6 can be precisely controlled.
  • one could calculate at what altitude the igniter 12 of the dispersing device unit 20 needs to be activated by the activator 4 and the dispersing device unit 20 be released/ dropped, so that after said predetermined amount of time at an estimated freefall the dispersing device unit 20 to be at the desired altitude when the detonating explosive 6 detonates.
  • the activator 4 of the pulverizing device 10 needs to be fitted with its own altimeter, as described in the paragraph related to the activator 4, with a timing set by an onboard computer of the aircraft for example.
  • This alternative might be more cost efficient since it requires only one single common altimeter to be connected to the activator 4 instead of an altimeter for each dispersing device unit 20.
  • the dispersing device units 20 are quite often for single use, being destroyed when the detonating explosive 6 is triggered, thus making to use of an altimeter for each dispersing device unit 20 quite costly.
  • the altitude of the triggering of the detonating explosive 6 needs to be set at a precision that goes beyond the accuracy of the estimated altitude covered by the dispersing device unit 20 in a freefall after being dropped/ released, the use of individual altimeters for each dispersing device unit 20 can be beneficial.
  • the igniter 12 of each dispersing device unit 20 is connected to a power source.
  • Said power source can be a battery, a capacitor, a piezoelectric device or any other suitable power source. It is to be noted that this depends highly on the specific igniter 12 used and the source is always chosen correspondingly.
  • the physical agent 2 which fills the lower part 5 of the receptacle 1 described above.
  • This physical agent 2 can be, depending on application, a liquid such as water, dense/ viscous/ sticky/ powdered/ granular/ mixed or natural-ground material, mud, sand, snow, ice and many other suitable materials. These materials can further be doped with different chemicals depending on application.
  • the physical agent 2 comprises water, fire-extinguishing foam, sand, mud, snow, or other fire- suppressing materials.
  • the physical agent 2 comprises biosorbents such as microorganisms or biological agents to break down or remove said contamination, or in case of nuclear contamination treatment, different radioactivity neutralizing particles.
  • said physical agent 2 contains non-lethal agents such as tear gas, pepper spray, sticky foam, various irritants, or other incapacitants.
  • the pulverizing device 10 is used for camouflage purposes, the physical agent 2 comprises some sort of loose opaque agent.
  • pulverization of natural materials such as water, sand, dust, soiled water, gelatins, snow or ice might be effective for these purposes as well.
  • Figure 4A shows a further embodiment of the igniter 12 and its cartridge 7.
  • these have a torus or ring shape in order to provide, upon being triggered, a cone-shaped gas-dispersive whirl with uniform front expending towards a target surface.
  • the detonating explosive 6 is of the same type as described earlier.
  • This embodiment has the main advantage that the receptacle 1, the major component of the pulverizing device 10, is a commonly available and cheap barrel 17.
  • this barrel 17 can be a standard plastic barrel for example.
  • FIG. 4B and 4C A further embodiment of the dispersing device unit 20 according to the present invention is shown on figures 4B and 4C, wherein the lower part 5 of the receptacle 1 has a so-called multi-cut bottom section.
  • this multi-cut bottom section is characterized in that it comprises a succession of interchanging solid and hollow segments. This feature is meant to ease the breaking of the lower part 5 by the pressure-wave caused by the triggering of the detonating explosive 6. Said succession is an array of longitudinal strips running along the lower part 5 of the receptacle 1.
  • the solid segments are meant to provide the required strength to carry the weight of the physical agent 2 and the hollow strips are designed to allow the lower part 5 to tear apart and spread the physical agent 2 evenly in a pulse-pulverized manner.
  • This multi-cut bottom section also serves the purpose of weight and/or material saving since the hollow sections provide for a significant reduction in material used. Furthermore, the multi-cut bottom section design yields significant savings when the pulverizing device 10 is transported or stored being folded together to save space, the receptacle 1 taking up its final shape only when being filled with physical agent 2.
  • Figure 5 shows a foldable embodiment of the dispersing device unit 20, wherein the lower part 5 of the receptacle 1 is made from a soft material which can be folded easily while being stored and/ or transported. It is to be observed that all other elements of the dispersing device unit 20 are unaffected by the foldable construction of the receptacle 1 and that as soon as the lower part 5 of the receptacle 1 is filled with the physical agent 2, the dispersing device unit 20 takes up to same form as any of the previously presented embodiments.
  • Figure 6A depicts the following step, i.e. suspending the pulverizing device 10 using the suspension system 30 from an aircraft and carrying it above the surface, fire in this case, to be spread by said physical agent 2, fire-extinguishing agent in this application.
  • the pulverizing device 10 After reaching the desired point above the surface to be spread, the pulverizing device 10 is released from the suspending aircraft and the activator 4 activates the igniters 12 of the dispersing device units 20.
  • Figure 6B shows the stage when the pulverizing device 10, after being released/ dropped, reaches the predefined altitude and the igniter 12 triggers the detonating explosive 6 of each dispersing device unit 20.
  • the detonating explosive 6, upon being triggered, provides for: a transformation of a pressure wave created into a pressure wave travelling through said physical agent 2; a mixing of exhaust by-products created by said detonating explosive 6 when triggered with the physical agent 2 and a pulse pulverization of said physical agent 2 upon release through said release portion of the lower part 5.
  • a so-called, gas dispersive whirl widely expending at a trajectory downwards towards a target is created which instantly extinguishes the fire.
  • the igniters 12 of all dispersing device units 20 can be simultaneously activated at low altitude by said activator 4.
  • the pulverizing device 10 can be used for so-called multi-stage forest fire extinguishing, wherein in a first stage, after being activated by said activator 4, the igniter 12 will trigger said detonating explosive 6 at a predetermined height for lowering the smoke and heat, and wherein in subsequent stages multiple dispersing device units 20 are simultaneously activated at low altitude by said activator 4 for suppression of local points of fire and repeated enflaming.
  • the means for carrying 3 is a cluster-type frame suspension where a cluster of solid frames is built to house the individual dispersing device units 20.
  • the frames can be made of lightweight metals or hard plastic as long as they provide the sufficient stiffness to support the weight of the dispersing device units 20 without breaking or deforming when being suspended.
  • each cluster of the cluster-type means for carrying 3 is provided with a means for releasing 25 the dispersing device units 20 individually or in groups. This means for releasing 25 is depicted as simple releasable hook which is titled when the dispersing device unit 20 suspended by it is to be released/ deployed.
  • the means for releasing 25 for each cluster are connectable to common activator 4 which can cause the release of the dispersing device units 20 in various patterns or according to specialized programs meant to optimize the use of the entire system according to height, wind conditions, target surface and type, etc.
  • the means for releasing 25 are connected to the igniter 12 of each dispersing device unit 20 which are in turn controlled by the common activator 4 of the entire pulverizing device 10. This ensures that when the igniter 12 of a dispersing device unit 20 is triggered, the dispersing device unit 20 is immediately released/ dropped form the cluster-type frame suspension. This measure ensures that the detonating explosive 6 of a dispersing device unit 20 will not detonate while still inside the cluster.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a time when several dispersing device units 20 have been released/ dropped and some of them have already reached their predefined height above the target and have detonated, while others are still falling.
  • the dispersing device units 20 depicted on figure 7 also comprise igniters 12 with delay means or altimeters which ensure that after being released, the detonating explosive 6 of each dispersing device unit 20 detonates at the exact predefined altitude or after a predetermined amount after release has lapsed.
  • the sequence of figures 8A and 8B presents the use of the pulverizing device 10 for treating a contaminated water surface.
  • the preparatory steps for such use are: providing a pulverizing device 10 comprising multiple dispersing device units 20; filling the receptacle 1 of each dispersing device unit 20 with a suitable water contamination treatment physical agent 2, comprising biosorbents such as microorganisms or biological agents to break down or remove said contamination ; providing a detonating explosive 6 in the inner cavity of the upper part 8 of the receptacle 1 of each dispersing device unit 20; bundling together multiple dispersing device unit 20 in a lateral side-by- side arrangement using said means for carrying 3;
  • Figure 8A depicts the following step, i.e. suspending the pulverizing device 10 using the suspension system 30 from an aircraft and carrying it above the contaminated water surface, to be spread by said physical agent 2, contamination treatment agent in this application.
  • the pulverizing device 10 After reaching the desired point above the surface to be spread, the pulverizing device 10 is released from the suspending aircraft and the activator 4 activates the igniters 12 of the dispersing device units 20.
  • Figure 8B shows the stage when the pulverizing device 10, after being released/ dropped, reaches the predefined altitude and the igniter 12 triggers the detonating explosive 6 of each dispersing device unit 20.
  • the detonating explosive 6, upon being triggered, provides for: a transformation of a pressure wave created into a pressure wave travelling through said physical agent 2; a mixing of exhaust by-products created by said detonating explosive 6 when triggered with the physical agent 2 and a pulse pulverization of said physical agent 2 upon release through said release portion of the lower part 5.
  • the physical agent 2 is evenly spread across the contaminated water surface providing for an efficient and complete treatment of the contamination with the minimum amount of physical agent 2.
  • the pulverizing device 10 can be used for treating radioactive soil contamination, wherein said physical agent 2 contains radioactivity neutralizing or localizing particles and wherein after being activated by said activator 4, the igniter 12 will trigger said detonating explosive 6 at a predetermined height, based on the type and area of the radioactive contaminated soil, in order to enable an efficient spreading of the radioactivity neutralizing particles.
  • the pulverizing device 10 can also be used for treating airborne radioactive contamination by pulse- pulverizing said physical agent 2 over and/or inside a cloud of said airborne radioactive contamination, wherein said physical agent 2 contains radioactivity neutralizing particles.
  • the activator 4 may be configured to simultaneously activate the igniter 12 of all dispersing device units 20 in order to create a cone-shaped, gas dispersive whirl widely expending at a trajectory downwards towards a target to be covered with the physical agent 2.
  • the activator 4 or any of the igniters 12 of each dispersing device unit 20 can be remotely controlled by a wired/ wireless remote control allowing an operator to manually remotely control said activator 4 or any of said igniters 12.
  • Pulverizing device 10 receptacle 1 physical aqent 2 means for carryinq 3 activator 4 lower part 5 detonatinq explosive 6 cartridqe (for 6) 7 upper part 8 elastic film or profiled cover 11 iqniter 12 tube (12) 13 heavy qranular material 16 barrel 17 cover 18 dispersing device units 20 means for releasinq 25 suspension system 30

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif de pulvérisation (10), sur son utilisation et sur un procédé correspondant pour la diffusion orientée vers le bas d'un agent physique (2). Ledit dispositif comporte : un activateur (4) pour activer individuellement l'un quelconque des allumeurs (12) ; des moyens pour porter (3) de multiples unités de dispositif de dispersion (20) dans une configuration côte à côte latérale, comportant chacune : un réceptacle (1) possédant une partie inférieure (5) pour recevoir ledit agent physique (2), ledit réceptacle (1) comportant de plus une partie supérieure (8) avec un explosif détonant (6) et un matériau granuleux lourd (16) ; un allumeur (12) configuré de façon à venir en prise avec ledit explosif détonant. Lors du déclenchement de son explosif détonant (6), chaque unité de dispositif de dispersion (20) produit : la transformation d'une onde de pression créée en une onde de pression se déplaçant à travers ledit agent physique (2) ; le mélange de sous-produits d'échappement créés par ledit explosif détonant (6) avec l'agent physique (2), et une pulvérisation différentielle dudit agent physique (2) lors de la libération à travers ladite partie inférieure (5).
PCT/EP2009/050788 2009-01-23 2009-01-23 Dispositif de pulvérisation, utilisation de celui-ci et procédé correspondant pour diffusion orientée vers le bas d'un agent physique WO2010083890A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2009/050788 WO2010083890A1 (fr) 2009-01-23 2009-01-23 Dispositif de pulvérisation, utilisation de celui-ci et procédé correspondant pour diffusion orientée vers le bas d'un agent physique

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PCT/EP2009/050788 WO2010083890A1 (fr) 2009-01-23 2009-01-23 Dispositif de pulvérisation, utilisation de celui-ci et procédé correspondant pour diffusion orientée vers le bas d'un agent physique

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RU2554328C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-06-27 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения верховых лесных и степных пожаров
RU2557495C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-07-20 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения не постоянно обслуживаемого объекта
RU2557494C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-07-20 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения обширных участков горящего объекта
RU2558423C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-08-10 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения удалённых недоступных участков горящего объекта
WO2015129767A1 (fr) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 株式会社イルカカレッジ Dispositif de refoulement d'agent d'extinction d'incendie
CN108717208A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-10-30 西安理工大学 一种无人机机载紫外成像雪地侦察系统及侦察方法
ES2722349A1 (es) * 2018-02-09 2019-08-09 Mtc Soft S L Equipo para la extincion de incendios con medios aereos
CN110935126A (zh) * 2017-10-13 2020-03-31 南京涵曦月自动化科技有限公司 一种无人机的喷洒控制方法
US10653904B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2020-05-19 M-Fire Holdings, Llc Methods of suppressing wild fires raging across regions of land in the direction of prevailing winds by forming anti-fire (AF) chemical fire-breaking systems using environmentally clean anti-fire (AF) liquid spray applied using GPS-tracking techniques
US10695597B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2020-06-30 M-Fire Holdings Llc Method of and apparatus for applying fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition
US10814150B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2020-10-27 M-Fire Holdings Llc Methods of and system networks for wireless management of GPS-tracked spraying systems deployed to spray property and ground surfaces with environmentally-clean wildfire inhibitor to protect and defend against wildfires
WO2021254581A1 (fr) * 2020-06-18 2021-12-23 Kherifi Ahmed Procédé de lutte contre les incendies par l'utilisation de l'eau à l'état solide sous forme de glace ou glaçons.
US11395931B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2022-07-26 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Method of and system network for managing the application of fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition
US11826592B2 (en) 2018-01-09 2023-11-28 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Process of forming strategic chemical-type wildfire breaks on ground surfaces to proactively prevent fire ignition and flame spread, and reduce the production of smoke in the presence of a wild fire
US11865390B2 (en) 2017-12-03 2024-01-09 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Environmentally-clean water-based fire inhibiting biochemical compositions, and methods of and apparatus for applying the same to protect property against wildfire
US11865394B2 (en) 2017-12-03 2024-01-09 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Environmentally-clean biodegradable water-based concentrates for producing fire inhibiting and fire extinguishing liquids for fighting class A and class B fires
US11911643B2 (en) 2021-02-04 2024-02-27 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Environmentally-clean fire inhibiting and extinguishing compositions and products for sorbing flammable liquids while inhibiting ignition and extinguishing fire

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WO2015129767A1 (fr) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 株式会社イルカカレッジ Dispositif de refoulement d'agent d'extinction d'incendie
JPWO2015129767A1 (ja) * 2014-02-28 2017-03-30 株式会社イルカカレッジ 消火体及び消火体投下装置
US10016639B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2018-07-10 Iluka College Co., Ltd. Fire extinguishing agent discharge apparatus
RU2557495C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-07-20 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения не постоянно обслуживаемого объекта
RU2557494C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-07-20 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения обширных участков горящего объекта
RU2558423C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-08-10 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения удалённых недоступных участков горящего объекта
RU2554328C1 (ru) * 2014-09-05 2015-06-27 Владимир Александрович Парамошко Способ взрывного пожаротушения верховых лесных и степных пожаров
CN110935126A (zh) * 2017-10-13 2020-03-31 南京涵曦月自动化科技有限公司 一种无人机的喷洒控制方法
CN110935126B (zh) * 2017-10-13 2021-02-12 南京涵曦月自动化科技有限公司 一种无人机的喷洒控制方法
US11697040B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-07-11 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Wild fire defense system network using a command center, spraying systems and mobile computing systems configured to proactively defend homes and neighborhoods against threat of wild fire by spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces before presence of wild fire
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US10695597B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2020-06-30 M-Fire Holdings Llc Method of and apparatus for applying fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition
US10814150B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2020-10-27 M-Fire Holdings Llc Methods of and system networks for wireless management of GPS-tracked spraying systems deployed to spray property and ground surfaces with environmentally-clean wildfire inhibitor to protect and defend against wildfires
US11794044B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-10-24 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Method of proactively forming and maintaining GPS-tracked and mapped environmentally-clean chemical firebreaks and fire protection zones that inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire
US11730987B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-08-22 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc GPS tracking and mapping wildfire defense system network for proactively defending homes and neighborhoods against threat of wild fire by spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces to inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire
US11395931B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2022-07-26 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Method of and system network for managing the application of fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition
US11400324B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2022-08-02 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Method of protecting life, property, homes and businesses from wild fire by proactively applying environmentally-clean anti-fire (AF) chemical liquid spray in advance of wild fire arrival and managed using a wireless network with GPS-tracking
US11633636B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-04-25 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Wireless neighborhood wildfire defense system network supporting proactive protection of life and property in a neighborhood through GPS-tracking and mapping of environmentally-clean anti-fire (AF) chemical liquid spray applied to the property before wild fires reach the neighborhood
US11638844B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-05-02 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Method of proactively protecting property from wild fire by spraying environmentally-clean anti-fire chemical liquid on property surfaces prior to wild fire arrival using remote sensing and GPS-tracking and mapping enabled spraying
US11642555B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-05-09 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Wireless wildfire defense system network for proactively defending homes and neighborhoods against wild fires by spraying environmentally-clean anti-fire chemical liquid on property and buildings and forming GPS-tracked and mapped chemical fire breaks about the property
US10653904B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2020-05-19 M-Fire Holdings, Llc Methods of suppressing wild fires raging across regions of land in the direction of prevailing winds by forming anti-fire (AF) chemical fire-breaking systems using environmentally clean anti-fire (AF) liquid spray applied using GPS-tracking techniques
US11654314B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-05-23 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Method of managing the proactive spraying of environment ally-clean anti-fire chemical liquid on GPS-specified property surfaces so as to inhibit fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire
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US11697041B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-07-11 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Method of proactively defending combustible property against fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire
US11707639B2 (en) 2017-12-02 2023-07-25 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Wireless communication network, GPS-tracked mobile spraying systems, and a command system configured for proactively spraying environmentally-safe anti-fire chemical liquid on combustible property surfaces to protect property against fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wild fire
US11865390B2 (en) 2017-12-03 2024-01-09 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Environmentally-clean water-based fire inhibiting biochemical compositions, and methods of and apparatus for applying the same to protect property against wildfire
US11865394B2 (en) 2017-12-03 2024-01-09 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Environmentally-clean biodegradable water-based concentrates for producing fire inhibiting and fire extinguishing liquids for fighting class A and class B fires
US11826592B2 (en) 2018-01-09 2023-11-28 Mighty Fire Breaker Llc Process of forming strategic chemical-type wildfire breaks on ground surfaces to proactively prevent fire ignition and flame spread, and reduce the production of smoke in the presence of a wild fire
ES2722349A1 (es) * 2018-02-09 2019-08-09 Mtc Soft S L Equipo para la extincion de incendios con medios aereos
CN108717208A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-10-30 西安理工大学 一种无人机机载紫外成像雪地侦察系统及侦察方法
WO2021254581A1 (fr) * 2020-06-18 2021-12-23 Kherifi Ahmed Procédé de lutte contre les incendies par l'utilisation de l'eau à l'état solide sous forme de glace ou glaçons.
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