Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
  • E04C3/293—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
  • E04C5/0604—Prismatic or cylindrical reinforcement cages composed of longitudinal bars and open or closed stirrup rods

Definitions

• the present invention relates essentially to the construction industry, specifically to the production of the reinforced concrete beam of increased load-carrying capacity and enhanced resistance against the impact of various external factors.
• the main disadvantage of the conventional method of production of reinforced concrete beam is that the mounting of formworks is time-consuming, and standard moulds for producing beams mostly are straight-lined; consequently, the production results in high labour costs.
• the wood formworks are used; therefore, obtaining a regular form without a geometrical deviation practically is impossible (very high material and labour costs).
• an arched beam is fabricated by means of wood formworks, the external surface of the beam is more or less angular; therefore, a regular geometrical form is not obtained.
• the load-carrying capacity of presently known reinforced concrete beams depends on two components: concrete and reinforcement.
• the objective of the present invention is to provide a technique for the production of a beam of a higher load-carrying capacity, reduced cross-section, protected against any impact of external factors, and of any shape.
• Low labour and material costs of production shorter process of production and assembling.
• Reduction of the cross-section and self- weight of the beam At low labour costs, production of beams having light, streamlined, graceful and regular geometrical and three-dimensional shapes.
• Application of the structure of beam for various purposes such as load-bearing beams, headers, supporting beams, balconies, protruding elements of the building, flight footings, flights of stair and other structures. Exploitation of the beam in aggressive environments and severe climatic conditions.
• the main characteristic of the present invention is that the frame of beam, which contains the frame, reinforcement, and concrete, is built out of stay-in-place metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips.
• the external metal formworks may be the stay-in-place metal formworks or the external metal formworks may be the removable metal formworks.
• formworks and stiffening metal strips are used for the production of the beam.
• Fig. 1 (e-f) The beam, the frame of which is built out of stay-in-place metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strip: e) - Cross-section; f) - Longitudinal section C
• Fig. 2 (e-f) The beam, the frame of which is built out of stay-in-place metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips: e) - Cross -section; f) - Longitudinal section C
• Fig. 3 (c-d) The beam, the frame of which is built out of removable metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips: c) - Cross -section; d) - Longitudinal section B
• Fig. 3 (e-f) The beam, the frame of which is built out of stay-in-place metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips: e) - Cross-section; f) - Longitudinal section C
• Fig. 4 (a-c) shows beams produced in three shapes, of many possible: a) - Ellipse-shaped beam in a plane view; b) - Arch-shaped beam in a plane view; c) - Curved beam in a three-dimensional view
• the load-carrying capacity of such beams depends on the following three components, which determine the load-carrying capacity: stay-in-place metal formworks (1), reinforcement (3) and concrete (2).
• Beams of this type have an advantage that a sufficiently high load-carrying capacity is achieved, depending on the thickness of the stay-in-place metal formworks (1), without the need to increase the cross- section of beams and self- weight of the structure.
• This type of structure has a significantly higher resistance against physical impact (shock, vibration, earthquake etc.) as compared to the conventional reinforced concrete structure.
• Beams of this type for production of which stay-in-place metal formworks of appropriate metal thickness, structure and class have been used and which was covered additionally with fire-resistant materials and plastered, have very high fire resistance because the beam's reinforcement and concrete is protected from the exposure to flames by the metal sheet, in this case, by stay-in-place metal formworks, fire- resistant flameproof material, plaster and appropriate paint.
• Figure 1 - Figure 3 (c-d) shows the beams, the frame of which consists of removable metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips. For this structure, stay-in- place metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips are fabricated and assembled.
• the metal formworks (1) are used only for producing the shape of beams; these formworks are thin and have low class and geometrical characteristics because after complete curing of concrete (2), metal formworks (1) are remover from the beams.
• the curing time of concrete mix (2) of the beam depends on density, structure and class of concrete (2).
• the load-carrying capacity of beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (c-d), as in the case of beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (a-b), depends on the following three components of load-carrying capacity: internal stiffening metal strips (I 1 ), reinforcement (3) and concrete (2).
• the structure of these beams, compared to the beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (a-b), is more complex because of the production of internal stiffening metal strips (I 1 ), assembling technique of the beam and removal of the formworks (1) from the beam after concrete (2) have been cured.
• the formworks (1) are left but it is necessary to use, for example, stainless steel formworks (1) of appropriate class and geometrical structure. If the stainless steel formwork (1) is not removed, the structure becomes of the type of beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (e-f).
• Figure 1 - Figure 3 (e-f) shows the beams, the frame of which consists of stay-in- place metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips. For this structure, stay-in-place metal formworks and internal stiffening metal strips are produced and assembled.
• the technique for the production and assembling of this type of beams compared to that of the beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (c-d), is more simple because the metal formworks (1) are not stripped; however, compared to that of beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (a-b), is more complicated because the internal stiffening metal strips (I 1 ) should be embedded as in the case of the production of beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (c-d).
• the beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (e-f) have a considerably higher load-carrying capacity.
• the internal stiffening metal strips (I 1 ) are embedded.
• the reinforcement (3) or metal bars (3) of appropriate class and geometrical characteristics are embedded.
• the metal formworks (1) are fabricated of a metal sheet of appropriate thickness, class and geometrical characteristics.
• the load-carrying capacity of the beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (e-f) depends on the following four components of load-carrying capacity: stay-in-place formworks (1), internal stiffening metal strips (I 1 ), reinforcement (3) and concrete (2).
• the structure of this type of beams compared to that of the beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (a-b), is more complex because of the fabrication and embedding of internal stiffening metal strips (I 1 ); however, depending on the beam's cross-section, the structure of the beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (a), (c), (e), compared to that of the beams shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (c-d), is more simple because metal formworks (1) are not stripped.
• the beam shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (e-f), compared to the beam shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (c-d), involves lower costs if there is no direct atmospheric exposure and no need using the stainless steel formwork (1), and is more often used for its proper purpose because the metal formworks (1) are not removed.
• the shape of this type of beams shown in Figure 4(a-c) is light and streamlined or three-dimensional [Figure 4 (c)], if necessary, as easily as LT2009/000013
• the structure shown in Figure 1 - Figure 3 (e-f) is particularly resistant to physical impact (shock, vibration, earthquake etc.).
• the metal formworks for beams may be produced from the metal sheet either in the shop floor or at the site of assembling. As the metal sheet may be rolled easily, metal elements of formworks may be produced of regular and streamlined or three-dimensional shape, at low labour costs. If the beam should be of a complex or three-dimensional shape, the metal formworks may be produced either in the shop floor or at the site of assembling but if the beam should be of large dimensions, it is produced at the site.
• the technique for the assembling of metal formworks is very simple (Lego principle). Each element of the formwork bears a number from 1 to n; numbers carries out the assembling of elements consecutively.
• the beam is of simple shape (straight, arched in a plane) but of large dimensions, then the metal formworks and, if necessary, internal stiffening metal strips and reinforcement is fabricated in the shop- floor but concrete mix is poured at the site in order to avoid high labour costs when transporting the beam.
• the beams of small dimensions may be fully produced in the shop- floor.
• beam finish work may be done at option.
• the concrete is covered by metal cohesive materials, filler or plaster and painted by conventional paint (for wall of ceiling), or is daubed by a metal daub and painted by paint for metal.
• the beam may be glued over with facing materials (gypsum cardboard, decorative cladding panels etc.) depending on external impacts to the beam.
• the beam is covered by filler or plaster and painted by an appropriate paint depending on exploitation conditions. If the structure is subject to high fire safety requirements, special fire-resistant materials glue over the beam additionally; afterwards, the finish may be made, if necessary.
• the novel structure of beam has the particular advantage over the conventional structure of reinforced concrete beam in that a significantly higher load-carrying capacity is achieved without the need to increase the cross-section and self-weight of the structure depending on the thickness of the stay-in-place formworks and internal stiffening metal strips. Any light shape or light streamlined three-dimensional shape, if necessary, may be obtained at low material and labour costs.
• the novel structure of beam is more resistant to chemical and fire exposure, and more resistant to physical impact (shock, vibration, earthquake etc.).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 2008
  • 2008-11-13 LT LT2008091A patent/LT5685B/lt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2009
  • 2009-10-20 WO PCT/LT2009/000013 patent/WO2010056096A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (3)

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