WO2010055995A1 - 만충전 용량 비교를 통한 배터리 보호 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
만충전 용량 비교를 통한 배터리 보호 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010055995A1 WO2010055995A1 PCT/KR2009/005097 KR2009005097W WO2010055995A1 WO 2010055995 A1 WO2010055995 A1 WO 2010055995A1 KR 2009005097 W KR2009005097 W KR 2009005097W WO 2010055995 A1 WO2010055995 A1 WO 2010055995A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- full charge
- charge capacity
- value
- reference value
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/583—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to current, e.g. fuses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for protecting a battery by comparing the full charge capacity of the battery.
- водородн ⁇ е ⁇ е ⁇ ество Commercially available secondary batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydride batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among them, lithium secondary batteries have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, and thus are free of charge and discharge. The self-discharge rate is very low and the energy density is high.
- Batteries such as laptop batteries, are primarily intended for the use of portable electronics, and because of limited usage time, it is important to indicate the remaining battery level.
- the remaining capacity of the battery is generally in the form of a percentage of the remaining charge relative to the full charge capacity (FCC) of the battery. Therefore, in order to display the remaining capacity of the battery, it is necessary first to accurately grasp the full charge capacity of the battery and update it.
- the full charge capacity of the battery has a constant value when shipped from the factory, but gradually decreases as the battery continues to be charged and discharged. Therefore, the full charge capacity of the battery must be continuously updated, and there are currently several algorithms for updating this full charge capacity value.
- the full charge capacity of the battery may calculate the actual charged capacity from the time when the secondary battery is fully discharged to the time when the secondary battery is fully charged. On the contrary, the capacity fully discharged from the time when the secondary battery is fully discharged to the time when the secondary battery is fully discharged. You can also calculate In general, since the user recharges before being fully discharged, the latter method is frequently used in recent years.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a battery protection device and method that can improve the safety of the battery by early detection of abnormal conditions of the battery.
- a battery protection device for achieving the above object, a fuse connected to the circuit path through which the charge or discharge current flows; A fuse control switch for selectively opening and closing an operating current applied to the fuse; And a control unit for calculating the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery and the reference value of the full charge capacity, comparing the actual value with the reference value, and controlling the fuse control switch according to the comparison result to melt the fuse.
- the method for protecting the battery by comparing the full charge capacity of the battery according to the present invention for achieving the above object (S1) calculating the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery; (S2) calculating a reference value of the full charge capacity of the battery; (S3) comparing the actual value of the full charge capacity calculated in the step (S1) with a reference value of the full charge capacity calculated in the step (S2); (S4) blocking the flow of current in the battery according to the comparison result of the step (S3).
- the present invention by detecting and controlling an abnormal state of the battery at an early stage, problems such as fire or heat generation can be prevented in advance and the safety of the battery can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a battery protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an operation performed by a control unit of a battery protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of protecting a battery by comparing an actual value of a full charge capacity of the battery with a reference value according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison between actual values, theoretical values, and reference values of a full charge capacity of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a battery protection device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery protection device 100 is connected to the battery cell 150 and includes a fuse 110, a sense resistor 140, a fuse control switch 120, and a controller 130.
- the fuse 110 is connected to a circuit path through which charging or discharging current flows, thereby irreversibly disconnecting the voltage path in order to protect the battery when an abnormal state such as overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit, or overcurrent occurs, such that current flows.
- the sense resistor 140 is connected on a circuit path through which a charge or discharge current flows to sense a current flowing through the protection device 100, and the fuse control switch 120 selectively selects an operating current applied to the fuse. Open and close.
- the control unit 130 calculates the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery and the reference value of the full charge capacity, compares the actual value with the reference value, and controls the fuse control switch 120 according to the comparison result. Carpet.
- the actual value of the full charge capacity refers to the full charge capacity value of the battery currently being used
- the reference value of the full charge capacity is a reference value to be compared with the actual value of the full charge capacity.
- the controller 130 compares the actual value of the full charge capacity with the reference value, and when the actual value is smaller than the reference value, controls the fuse control switch 120 to melt the fuse 110. When the fuse 110 is fused, the flow of charge or discharge current is blocked.
- control unit 130 preferably includes a memory unit, and the memory unit stores data necessary for the control unit 130 to perform an operation.
- the memory unit may store a numerical value, a formula, a program necessary to perform an operation, and the like, in the process of the controller 130 calculating the actual value and the reference value of the full charge capacity.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an operation performed by a control unit of a battery protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the operation configuration 200 of the control unit according to the present invention includes an actual value calculation unit 201 that calculates an actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery and a reference value of the full charge capacity of the battery.
- a reference value calculation unit 202 a full charge capacity comparing unit 203 for comparing the actual value of the full charge capacity with the reference value, and a fuse blocking unit 204 for melting the fuse under a predetermined condition according to the comparison result. do.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of protecting a battery by comparing an actual value of a full charge capacity of the battery with a reference value according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the controller calculates an actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery (step S1).
- the actual value of the full charge capacity is calculated when certain conditions are met. For example, the actual value of the full charge capacity is recalculated when the charge / discharge cycle is accumulated for a certain number of times or when the use time of the battery elapses for a certain time. Since the battery's full charge capacity gradually decreases as the battery's usage time increases, it is necessary to newly renew the full charge capacity and control the charging and discharging of the battery to prevent the battery from being overcharged or overdischarged.
- the control unit not only stores and manages the cumulative number of charge and discharge cycles or the battery usage time in the memory.
- the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery which is a condition for starting the operation of calculating the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery, is calculated by integrating the discharge current until the battery is charged to the full charge voltage and then discharged to the full discharge voltage.
- the charging current may be calculated by integrating the charging current from the battery to the full discharge voltage until the battery is charged to the full charge voltage.
- the method of calculating the actual value of the full charge voltage of the battery is obvious that a variety of methods known in the art can be employed in addition to the current integration method described above.
- the present invention is not limited by the scheme employed for calculating the actual value of the full charge voltage of the battery.
- the control unit calculates the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery, and then calculates a reference value of the full charge capacity of the battery (step S2).
- the reference value calculation method of the full charge capacity will be described later.
- the present invention may be reversed in the order of the steps S1 and S2.
- control unit compares the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery with the reference value to determine whether to block the flow of the battery current (step S3). In the step S3, if the control unit determines to cut off the current by controlling the fuse control switch to melt the fuse to irreversibly block the flow of current of the battery (step S4).
- control unit determines to block the flow of current when the actual value of the battery full charge capacity is a predetermined level smaller than the reference value of the battery full charge capacity in step S3.
- the controller may block the flow of current when it is determined that the actual value of the battery full charge capacity is smaller two or more times in succession than the reference value.
- the control unit calculates the reference value by multiplying the theoretical value of the full charge capacity of the battery by a predetermined value of 1 or less.
- the theoretical value of the full charge capacity refers to a full charge capacity value that a battery in a normal state without abnormalities can have in the current charge / discharge cycle number.
- the controller calculates a reference value by multiplying the theoretical value of the full charge capacity by the efficiency (discharge efficiency or charging efficiency) of the battery in the normal state, and the normal allowable range coefficient AOCR (Abnormal Operating Count Rate). do.
- the reference value of the full charge capacity can be calculated by the following equation (1).
- AOCR represents the maximum allowable range in which the full charge capacity of the battery can be determined to be normal based on the theoretical full charge capacity value of the battery. For example, assuming that the AOCR is 80%, if the actual value of the full charge capacity of the battery has a value equal to or greater than 80% of the full charge capacity of a normal battery, the battery may not be regarded as abnormal. have. Meanwhile, AOCR may be expressed in terms of an Abnormal Charge Count Rate (ACCR) during charging and an Abnormal Discharge Count Rate (ADCR) during discharge.
- ACCR Abnormal Charge Count Rate
- ADCR Abnormal Discharge Count Rate
- Table 1 shows an example of the theoretical value of the full charge capacity of the battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the theoretical value of the full charge capacity decreases as the number of reuses (the number of charge and discharge cycles) increases, that is, as the battery charges and discharges repeatedly.
- the battery includes a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel, the theoretical value of the full charge capacity is doubled by the number of battery cells connected in parallel.
- the theoretical value of the full charge capacity is 2500 mAh.
- the theoretical value of full charge capacity is 5000mAh, and if three are connected in parallel, it is 7500mAh.
- Table 2 shows an example of the efficiency of the battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the efficiency shown in Table 2 may be the discharge efficiency or the charging efficiency of the battery.
- the efficiency of the battery can be determined in consideration of C-rate and temperature. Referring to Table 2, when the crate is 1.0C and the temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, the battery exhibits 98% charge and discharge efficiency.
- Table 1 and Table 2 in order to calculate a reference value for the full charge capacity of the battery in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Table 1 For a battery having a theoretical value of full charge capacity as shown in Table 1, it is assumed that there is one battery cell, the number of reuse is 50, the crate is 1.0C, the temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, and the AOCR is 80%.
- the theoretical value of the full charge capacity of the battery is 2500 mAh, and referring to Table 2, the efficiency of the battery is 98%. Therefore, the reference value of the full charge capacity of the battery can be calculated as follows by Equation (1).
- step S3 if it is determined in step S3 that the full charge capacity of the battery is within the normal range, the controller updates the existing full charge capacity stored in the memory to the newly calculated full charge capacity.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison between actual values, theoretical values, and reference values of a full charge capacity of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the reference value of the full charge capacity corresponds to a value decreased by a predetermined ratio with respect to the theoretical value of the full charge capacity.
- multiplying the theoretical value of the full charge capacity of the battery by a constant value of 1 or less becomes a reference value of the full charge capacity.
- the actual value of the full charge capacity is larger than the reference value, it is determined to be a normal battery.
- the actual value of the full charge capacity becomes smaller than the reference value, as shown in the right part of the drawing on the basis of point a, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the battery, and the fuse is melted to cut off the current flowing through the battery.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 배터리 보호 장치에 있어서,충전 또는 방전 전류가 흐르는 회로 경로 상에 접속된 퓨즈;상기 퓨즈로 인가되는 동작 전류를 선택적으로 개폐하는 퓨즈 제어 스위치; 및배터리의 만충전 용량의 실제값과 참조값을 산정하고, 상기 실제값과 상기 참조값을 비교하여 그 비교 결과에 따라 상기 퓨즈 제어 스위치를 제어하여 상기 퓨즈를 융단시키는 제어부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 보호 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는, 상기 만충전 용량의 실제값이 상기 만충전 용량의 참조값보다 작은 경우, 상기 퓨즈 제어 스위치를 제어하여 상기 퓨즈를 융단시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 보호 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는, 만충전 용량의 이론값에 1 이하의 미리 정해진 값을 곱하여 상기 참조값을 산정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 보호 장치.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 미리 정해진 값은, 배터리의 효율, 및 AOCR을 곱하여 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 보호 장치.
- 배터리의 만충전 용량을 비교하여 배터리를 보호하는 방법에 있어서,(S1) 상기 배터리의 만충전 용량의 실제값을 산정하는 단계;(S2) 상기 배터리의 만충전 용량의 참조값을 산정하는 단계;(S3) 상기 (S1) 단계에서 산정된 만충전 용량의 실제값과 상기 (S2) 단계에서 산정된 만충전 용량의 참조값을 비교하는 단계; 및(S4) 상기 (S3) 단계의 비교 결과에 따라 상기 배터리의 전류의 흐름을 차단하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리의 보호 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 (S4) 단계는, 상기 (S3) 단계의 비교 결과 상기 (S1) 단계의 실제값이 상기 (S2) 단계의 참조값보다 작은 경우, 전류를 차단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리의 보호 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 (S2) 단계는, 만충전 용량의 이론값에 1 이하의 미리 정해진 값을 곱하여 상기 참조값을 산정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리의 보호 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 미리 정해진 값은, 배터리의 효율, 및 AOCR을 곱하여 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리의 보호 방법.
Priority Applications (3)
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CN200980145546.3A CN102217120B (zh) | 2008-11-14 | 2009-09-09 | 通过比较满充电容量来保护电池的装置及方法 |
US12/664,603 US8228654B2 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2009-09-09 | Apparatus and method for protecting battery by comparison of full charge capacity |
JP2011536213A JP5425925B2 (ja) | 2008-11-14 | 2009-09-09 | 満充電容量比較によるバッテリー保護装置及び方法 |
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KR1020080113158A KR101091387B1 (ko) | 2008-11-14 | 2008-11-14 | 만충전 용량 비교를 통한 배터리 보호 장치 및 방법 |
KR10-2008-0113158 | 2008-11-14 |
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US (1) | US8228654B2 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5425925B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101091387B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN102217120B (ko) |
TW (1) | TWI411186B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2010055995A1 (ko) |
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JP5605401B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-10-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 蓄電システムおよび制御方法 |
JP2014050129A (ja) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電源装置 |
KR101658865B1 (ko) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-09-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 통신 에러로부터 잘못된 제어 알고리즘의 수행을 방지하는 배터리 관리 장치 |
TWI723310B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-04-01 | 英屬開曼群島商睿能創意公司 | 基於使用狀態維護儲能裝置的系統和方法 |
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- 2009-09-09 US US12/664,603 patent/US8228654B2/en active Active
- 2009-09-09 CN CN200980145546.3A patent/CN102217120B/zh active Active
- 2009-09-09 WO PCT/KR2009/005097 patent/WO2010055995A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2009-09-09 JP JP2011536213A patent/JP5425925B2/ja active Active
- 2009-11-03 TW TW098137201A patent/TWI411186B/zh active
Patent Citations (4)
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KR100276406B1 (ko) * | 1997-05-12 | 2000-12-15 | 포만 제프리 엘 | 배터리팩 및 전기·전자 기기 |
KR100688135B1 (ko) * | 1999-03-18 | 2007-03-08 | 후지쯔 가부시끼가이샤 | 보호 방법, 제어 회로 및 전지 유닛 |
KR20060019772A (ko) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-06 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 배터리 팩의 보호회로 |
KR20070090498A (ko) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-09-06 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 배터리 팩 |
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US20110228434A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
JP2012509054A (ja) | 2012-04-12 |
TW201027871A (en) | 2010-07-16 |
KR101091387B1 (ko) | 2011-12-07 |
CN102217120A (zh) | 2011-10-12 |
JP5425925B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
TWI411186B (zh) | 2013-10-01 |
US8228654B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 |
KR20100054298A (ko) | 2010-05-25 |
CN102217120B (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
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