WO2010055003A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller la combustion dans une centrale électrique à l'aide d'une répartition de concentration réelle - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller la combustion dans une centrale électrique à l'aide d'une répartition de concentration réelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010055003A2
WO2010055003A2 PCT/EP2009/064806 EP2009064806W WO2010055003A2 WO 2010055003 A2 WO2010055003 A2 WO 2010055003A2 EP 2009064806 W EP2009064806 W EP 2009064806W WO 2010055003 A2 WO2010055003 A2 WO 2010055003A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substance
combustion
combustion chamber
concentration distribution
power plant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/064806
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010055003A3 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Meerbeck
Rainer Speh
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP09763892.8A priority Critical patent/EP2347184B1/fr
Publication of WO2010055003A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010055003A2/fr
Publication of WO2010055003A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010055003A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/38—Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/10—Generating vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05002—Measuring CO2 content in flue gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05003—Measuring NOx content in flue gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring the combustion in a combustion chamber of a power plant, in particular a coal-fired power station, in which or, inter alia, a real concentration distribution of a first substance in the combustion chamber is determined.
  • the basic objective is to monitor the combustion taking place in a combustion chamber of the power plant, for example a boiler with a square footprint of 10 meters by 10 meters, over the largest possible area in order to derive the necessary quantities for optimizing the combustion process can.
  • absorption spectroscopy is known.
  • sonic pyrometry is known. With absorption spectroscopy or sonic pyrometry, only mean values of a line in the boiler room or combustion chamber can be measured.
  • the CAT measuring technique For calculating the temperature and concentration distribution in a plane of a combustion chamber from measured average values at different locations of the combustion chamber of a power plant, the CAT measuring technique, computer aided tomography, is known.
  • the inventive method for monitoring the combustion in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises the steps: determining a real concentration distribution of a first substance in the combustion chamber and determining the concentration distribution of a second substance based on the real concentration distribution of the first substance and at least one physical
  • the inventive device for monitoring the combustion in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises means for determining a real concentration distribution of a first substance in the combustion chamber and means for determining the concentration distribution of a second substance based on the real concentration distribution of the first substance and at least one physical model equation.
  • the basic idea of the invention lies in the fact that during combustion in a power plant, a concentration distribution of a given substance (the so-called second substance) from a combination of the known concentration distribution of another substance (the so-called first substance) and physical Regularities can be determined.
  • this generation is based largely on the real situation of the current operation of a combustion picture in a boiler of a power plant. It is based on real input variables and not built solely on a simulation.
  • physical laws which could or could be used in the context of a simulation, are used to determine the concentration distributions of substances for further op- eration. to make it possible to make use of combustion that could not previously be measured.
  • “substance” generally means any type of combustion educt and / or product, in particular in the form of gas as a component of the exhaust gas.
  • the at least one physical model equation maps the kinetics in the combustion chamber.
  • the at least one model equation depicts the diffusion in the combustion chamber.
  • Diffusion is a physical process that leads to a uniform distribution of particles and thus complete mixing of two substances. Diffusion is based (as opposed to flow) on the thermal motion of particles.
  • the particles can be atoms, molecules or charge carriers. In the case of uneven distribution, statistically more particles move from regions of high concentration into regions of low concentration or particle density than vice versa. This causes net macroscopic mass transport.
  • the real concentration distribution of the first substance is determined in at least one plane.
  • at least one two-dimensional or two-dimensional distribution of the concentration of the first substance is built up in order to map the concentration distribution of further substances taking into account physical laws in the boiler.
  • Such 2D distributions can be imaged with the above-described, already known measuring methods with high measuring accuracy.
  • a temperature distribution in the combustion determined.
  • the temperature distribution is used to determine the concentration distribution of the first substance, as well as in the definition of the physical laws considered according to the invention and their parameterization.
  • the temperature distribution is determined by means of a combination of absorption spectroscopy and CAT measuring technology.
  • CAT is the abbreviation of Computer Aided
  • Tomography is a standard method in medical technology, with which it is possible to determine a two-dimensional temperature distribution.
  • the concentration distribution of the second substance is determined in at least one plane.
  • the 2D determination can be realized with reasonable computer engineering effort. It also makes it possible to produce a good approximate mapping of the associated concentrations in the three-dimensional combustion chamber by means of a layering of the 2D planes.
  • the concentration of the second substance at one point in the combustion chamber is determined as a function of the temperature or the temperature distribution at other locations and of the concentration or concentration distribution of the first substance at other locations.
  • the function may be as follows, for example:
  • C (NO x ) represents the concentration of NO x (nitric oxide)
  • f represents the function itself
  • C (O 2 ) represents the concentration of O 2 (oxygen).
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a combustion chamber 10 of a coal power plant, which is not further illustrated, in which a coal fire burns during operation of the coal power station.
  • the combustion chamber 10 are the fuel coal with associated fuel gases, flames 11 and exhaust gases.
  • each measuring instrument 16 In the combustion chamber 10, two measuring planes 12 and 14 are provided, at the edge of each measuring instruments 16 are located. In each case two of the measuring instruments 16 enable a linear measurement in the associated measuring plane 12 or 14, wherein with the aid of the measuring instruments 16 and an associated evaluation device 18, the concentrations of the substances O 2 (oxygen) and CO (carbon monoxide) can be measured. Furthermore, with the measuring instruments 16 and the evaluation device 18, the temperature distribution in the associated measurement plane 12 or 14 can be determined. The measurement is based on a combination of absorption spectroscopy and the CAT technique.
  • the evaluation device 18 is operationally coupled via a data bus 20 with an optimization device 22, an operating device 24 and a guide or control system 26. Via the operating device 24, the real concentration distributions determined by the evaluation device 18 as well as temperature distributions are used in such a way that with the optimizing device 22 suggestions for an optimization of the combustion are created and these can be used in the guide device 26. As a result, the flames 11 burning in the combustion chamber 10 are optimized, in particular with regard to a low emission of NO x (nitrogen oxide).
  • NO x nitrogen oxide
  • the optimization device 22 uses physical model equations of the diffusion and of the kinetic in the combustion chamber, which were previously created on the basis of a model of the combustion chamber 10 and stored in the optimization device 22.
  • the associated method is illustrated in FIG. It comprises the step 28 of apportioning physical model equations of the combustion in the combustion chamber 10 as well as further steps 30, 32 and 34.
  • step 30 the concentration distribution of at least the substances O 2 and CO in the aforementioned measurement planes 12 and 14 is determined.
  • step 32 the temperature distribution in these planes is determined.
  • step 34 determines the concentration distribution of another substance present In particular, NO x , not only in the measurement planes 12 and 14 but also in the remaining areas of the combustion chamber 10 to determine. If appropriate, conclusions can be used in this step 34 as well as in steps 30 and 32 in order to further improve the formation of the physical model equations in step 28.
  • an optimization of the combustion then takes place in a step 36, for example by a change in the air stratification and / or a section-wise change of the excess air.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour surveiller la combustion dans une chambre de combustion de centrale électrique et un dispositif correspondant. Selon le procédé de l'invention, on détermine la répartition de concentration réelle d'une première matière dans ladite chambre de combustion et la répartition de concentration d'une seconde matière sur la base de la répartition de concentration réelle de la première matière et d'au moins une équation physique de modèle.
PCT/EP2009/064806 2008-11-11 2009-11-09 Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller la combustion dans une centrale électrique à l'aide d'une répartition de concentration réelle WO2010055003A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09763892.8A EP2347184B1 (fr) 2008-11-11 2009-11-09 Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller la combustion dans une centrale électrique à l'aide d'une répartition de concentration réelle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008056676.4 2008-11-11
DE102008056676A DE102008056676A1 (de) 2008-11-11 2008-11-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen der Verbrennung eines Kraftwerks mittels einer realen Konzentrationsverteilung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010055003A2 true WO2010055003A2 (fr) 2010-05-20
WO2010055003A3 WO2010055003A3 (fr) 2012-09-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2009/064806 WO2010055003A2 (fr) 2008-11-11 2009-11-09 Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller la combustion dans une centrale électrique à l'aide d'une répartition de concentration réelle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2347184B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008056676A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010055003A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012066153A1 (fr) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-24 Inerco, Ingeniería, Tecnología Y Consultoría, S. A. Système et procédé d'abattement non catalytique d'oxydes d'azote
SE542301C2 (en) * 2016-06-28 2020-04-07 Ahmad Reza Shirazi Method for controlling distribution of air factors in industrial reactors by proactive oxygen and temperature measurements
CN114280244A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-05 清华大学合肥公共安全研究院 一种可燃气体监测仪环境适应性综合评估方法及系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362499A (en) * 1980-12-29 1982-12-07 Fisher Controls Company, Inc. Combustion control system and method
US20080011109A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2008-01-17 John Frank Bourgein Method and system for dynamic sensing, presentation and control of combustion boiler conditions
DE102006036563A1 (de) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Siemens Building Technologies Hvac Products Gmbh Überwachung von Verbrennungsvorgängen an einem Ort durch schnellen Sauerstoffsensor
GB2443551A (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-07 Gen Electric Control system to promote homogenous flow and reduce fouling in coal-fired power plants
WO2008106056A1 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2008-09-04 Analytical Special Ties, Inc. Analyse de gaz de combustion

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19532539A1 (de) * 1995-09-04 1997-03-20 Heinz Prof Dr Ing Spliethoff Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Kraftwerksleistungsfeuerung
WO1999049399A1 (fr) * 1998-03-24 1999-09-30 Lang Fred D Mise en service d'un systeme thermique alimente par un combustible fossile

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362499A (en) * 1980-12-29 1982-12-07 Fisher Controls Company, Inc. Combustion control system and method
US20080011109A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2008-01-17 John Frank Bourgein Method and system for dynamic sensing, presentation and control of combustion boiler conditions
DE102006036563A1 (de) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Siemens Building Technologies Hvac Products Gmbh Überwachung von Verbrennungsvorgängen an einem Ort durch schnellen Sauerstoffsensor
GB2443551A (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-07 Gen Electric Control system to promote homogenous flow and reduce fouling in coal-fired power plants
WO2008106056A1 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2008-09-04 Analytical Special Ties, Inc. Analyse de gaz de combustion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010055003A3 (fr) 2012-09-07
DE102008056676A1 (de) 2010-05-12
EP2347184B1 (fr) 2019-09-11
EP2347184A2 (fr) 2011-07-27

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