Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
  • B03B9/04—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
  • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
  • C04B18/065—Residues from coal gasification
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
  • C04B20/02—Treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
  • C10L9/02—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by chemical means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D1/00—Flotation
  • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
  • B03D1/24—Pneumatic
  • B03D1/247—Mixing gas and slurry in a device separate from the flotation tank, i.e. reactor-separator type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
  • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
  • B03D2203/02—Ores
  • B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
  • B03D2203/08—Coal ores, fly ash or soot
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

• Invention relates to a method for processing industrially charcoal ash that is generated in power plants by separating a carbonaceous product from the mentioned charcoal ash and by returning it to be used again and by gathering essentially carbon free, siliceous ash products that are gained during the processing. Further the invention relates to the use of a carbonaceous fine product produced with the help of the above mentioned method.
• the charcoal ash that is generated in power plants includes incombustible coal various amounts from the value 1 % to even 20 %.
• the ash contents of the charcoal ash are mainly formed of round particles that are glazed silicate minerals.
• the particle form is advantageous and makes it possible that charcoal ash can be utilized in many applications as long as its carbon content is low enough and stable.
• charcoal ash can be used as such in concrete products and in other dry products related to building and in concrete work applications.
• charcoal ash is defined in the specifications in which its use is controlled according to the carbon content of the charcoal ash. In addition to that the granule distribution of charcoal ash is very wide, 0,1 ⁇ m -1000 ⁇ m.
• incombustible coal can be economically removed from the charcoal ash by classifying pneumatically.
• incombustible coal is enriched to various products and fractions, hi certain cases the carbon content of a fine product or a fraction is significantly higher than an average carbon content.
• the incombustible coal can be burned and utilize the energy of coal during the burning process.
• Ash that is generated during the burning of the crumbled charcoal is formed during the process in which the minerals included in the charcoal become destroyed, melt and harden when the combustion gases are cooling before the purification of combustion gases occurring in the electric filters. Both the fact that the minerals disintegrate into oxides and that the generating crystal agents melt require a lot of energy. Because of this all flying ash that is generated during the normal burning process of charcoal has no time to melt completely before it cools down. Melting of siliceous material and fast cooling is essential in order to achieve pozzolanic activity.
• Flying ash that has been returned to the process through classification or foaming process has disintegrated into oxides already during the first burning process and for its part for once melted and thus lost its crystal form.
• Thermal energy being in a boiler plant in order to disintegrate or melt the returned ash is no longer needed for these processes.
• the ash becomes warm quickly, the coal included in the ash burns and the ash melts quickly.
• the temperature of a recycled ash before the separation occurring in the electric filters is significantly higher than the temperature of the inorganic material coming to the first burning and coming with the crumbled charcoal. This results in the fact that also the glazing grade of the cooled ash is significantly higher in the recycled ash.
• the carbon content of ash is high and the incombustible coal is very fine, the fine product can be combined to the coal concentrate that is generated during the process and thus it can be utilized as energy. Analogously if the carbon content of ash is ⁇ 5 w-%, this part of the ash can be applied excellently to be used in various dry products used in the construction engineering.
• Drying is performed when hot work gas is used when the material is being transferred from a filtering stage to a classifier that functions pneumatically which classifier classifies harsh and fine fraction to be separate.
• the generated carbon free product fractions can be utilized:
• the advantage of the invention is the fact that the charcoal ash can be advantageously separated from the coal to be free raw material and also the separated coal can be reused for example as fuel.
• Figure 1 shows diagrammatically a refinement process of charcoal ash.
• Figure 2 shows diagrammatically distribution of a charcoal ash amount during the process at its various stages as w-%.
• Figure 3 shows mass distributions and contents achieved with tests.
• FIG 1 there is a feeding container 8 of charcoal ash 1 from which feeding container charcoal ash is dosed to the process, such as to a pneumatic conveyance pipe system 17 which conveyance pipe system takes the mentioned ash to pneumatic classifiers 2...4 from which, the harshest fraction proceeds to a silo 18.
• the finest fractions are gathered to containers 9 and 10.
• Harsh fraction 5 is dosed from the silo 18 to a to a preparation device 11 of the foaming device from which preparation device the foamed material is directed to foaming cells 6a, 6b and from them further ash fraction is directed through a filter 7a to be dried and through the classifiers 14, 15 is directed to the product silos 12 and 13. The coal is directed through the filter 7b to be reused.
• charcoal ash amount that has a size of 10 units in relation to its unit amount at the beginning stage in the container 1.
• the carbon content of the amount is the conventional 10 percentage by weight.
• Unit amounts at each stage of the process are shown as numbers within brackets.
• the 7,5 units directed to the container 18 is distributed with the help of the foaming device 11 in such a way that the gained coal, having the amount of 1,5 units, approximately 60 weight- % coal is directed to be reused and finer fraction, having the amount of 6 units that has less than 1 % coal, is directed through classifiers 14, 15 to product silos 12 and 13, in the example 3 units for both silos in which case carbon content in them is under 1 %.
• this fine product can be combined with the coal concentrate gained from the filter 7b and use the mixture of these in the energy production by burning this.
• the quality of the ash to be processed depends on the charcoal and the construction of the combustion boiler. If the ash contains a lot of fine coal, it can be processed in the pneumatic classifier in which case the embodiment of the invention is according to the claim 2. If the fine substance of the ash does not include significantly coal that hinders the foaming, such as the size class ⁇ 10 ⁇ m, the ash can be directed directly to the foaming process in which case the embodiment of the invention is according to the claim 1.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

• 2008
  • 2008-08-07 FI FI20080453A patent/FI121299B/fi active IP Right Grant
• 2009
  • 2009-08-07 WO PCT/FI2009/000074 patent/WO2010034872A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (3)

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