WO2010028622A4 - High temperature heat pump and method for the control thereof - Google Patents

High temperature heat pump and method for the control thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010028622A4
WO2010028622A4 PCT/DE2009/001210 DE2009001210W WO2010028622A4 WO 2010028622 A4 WO2010028622 A4 WO 2010028622A4 DE 2009001210 W DE2009001210 W DE 2009001210W WO 2010028622 A4 WO2010028622 A4 WO 2010028622A4
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hot water
refrigerant
temperature
heat exchanger
gas cooler
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2009/001210
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2010028622A1 (en
Inventor
Eberhard Wobst
Steffen Oberländer
Original Assignee
Thermea. Energiesysteme Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermea. Energiesysteme Gmbh filed Critical Thermea. Energiesysteme Gmbh
Priority to EP09736109.1A priority Critical patent/EP2321589B1/en
Publication of WO2010028622A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010028622A1/en
Publication of WO2010028622A4 publication Critical patent/WO2010028622A4/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-temperature heat pump for warming a fluid, preferably water, to a temperature level upto 150°C, which is operated with carbon dioxide as a coolant in the transcritical range. Said heat pump comprises an evaporator (6), at least two inner heat exchangers (4, 5), a compressor (1), one or more serially connected gas coolers (2, 3), a coolant collector (7) and a coolant injection valve (8). In order to control the high pressure in the gas coolers (2, 3), the inlet of the coolant collector (7) is connected via a control valve (15) to the outlet of the serially connected gas cooler (2, 3) and the outlet of the coolant collector (7) is connected to the coolant injection valve (8). Very high pressure values can be attained by controlling the overheating of the coolant of the water pump, by means of the inflow of the coolant into the evaporator (6) and the high pressure in the gas coolers (2, 3) via the volume flow of the carbon dioxide from the gas coolers (2, 3) into the coolant collector (7).

Claims

GEÄNDERTE ANSPRÜCHE beim Internationalen Büro eingegangen am 29 März 2010 (29.03.2010) AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 29 March 2010 (29.03.2010)
1. Hochtemperaturwärmepumpe zur Erwärmung eines Fluids auf ein Temperaturniveau bis zu 1500C, die mit Kohlendioxid als Kältemittel im transkritischen Bereich betrieben wird, mit einem Verdampfer (6), mindestens einem inneren Wärmeübertrager (4), einem Verdichter (1), einem oder mehreren in Reihe geschalteten Gaskühlern (2, 3), einem Kältemittelsammler (7) und einem Kältemitteleinspritzventil (8), wobei der Eingang des Kältemittelsammlers (7) über ein Regelventil (15) sowie über den ersten inneren Wärmeübertrager (4) mit dem Austritt der Reihenschaltung der Gaskühler (2, 3) und der Ausgang des Kältemittelsammlers (7) mit dem Entspannungsventil (8) verbunden ist, und ein weiterer anwendungsbezogener innerer Wärmeübertrager (5), der der Erwärmung des Kohlendioxids vor Eintritt in den Verdichter (1) mittels Heißwasser dient, kältemittelseitig zwischen den Ausgang des ersten inneren Wärmeübertragers (4) und den Eingang des Verdichters (1) geschaltet ist, wobei der wasserseitige Eingang des zweiten inneren Wärmeübertragers (5) über mindestens ein Regelventil (24) mit dem wasserseitigen Ausgang desjenigen Gaskühlers (3) verbunden ist, dessen kältemittelseitiger Ausgang am ersten inneren Wärmeübertrager (4) angeschlossen ist.1. high temperature heat pump for heating a fluid to a temperature level up to 150 0 C, which is operated with carbon dioxide as a refrigerant in the trans-critical range, with an evaporator (6), at least one internal heat exchanger (4), a compressor (1), or a plurality of series connected gas coolers (2, 3), a refrigerant collector (7) and a refrigerant injection valve (8), wherein the input of the refrigerant collector (7) via a control valve (15) and via the first internal heat exchanger (4) with the exit of the Series connection of the gas cooler (2, 3) and the output of the refrigerant collector (7) with the expansion valve (8) is connected, and another application-related internal heat exchanger (5), the heating of the carbon dioxide before entering the compressor (1) by means of hot water is used, the refrigerant side between the output of the first inner heat exchanger (4) and the input of the compressor (1) is connected, wherein the wa A sserseitige input of the second internal heat exchanger (5) via at least one control valve (24) with the water-side outlet of that gas cooler (3) is connected, the refrigerant side output to the first inner heat exchanger (4) is connected.
2. Verfahren zur Regelung der Hochtemperatur-Wärmepumpe nach Patentanspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass2. A method for controlling the high-temperature heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that
- der Kältemitteldruck (p0) und die Kältemitteltemperatur (t0) am Austritt des Verdampfers (6) gemessen, daraus die Kältemittelüberhitzung ermittelt und diese in einer Regeleinheit (12) mit einem Sollwert verglichen wird, wobei bei Unterschreitung des Sollwerts durch das Kältemitteleinspritzventil (8) des Verdampfers (6) der Zustrom von Kohlendioxid zum Verdampfer (6) gedrosselt und bei einer Überschreitung durch öffnen des Kältemitteleinspritzventils (8) erhöht wird,- The refrigerant pressure (p 0 ) and the refrigerant temperature (t 0 ) measured at the outlet of the evaporator (6), from which the refrigerant superheat is determined and this is compared in a control unit (12) with a setpoint, which falls below the setpoint by the refrigerant injection valve ( 8) of the evaporator (6) throttles the influx of carbon dioxide to the evaporator (6) and increases when it is exceeded by opening the refrigerant injection valve (8),
- der Hochdruck (PKKA) in einer der Kältemittelrohrleitungen zwischen Verdichteraustritt und dem Eintritt in das Regelventil (15) gemessen wird, mittels des Reglers (13) der Istwert mit einem Sollwert, der, falls keine Temperaturerhö- 17- The high pressure (PKKA) is measured in one of the refrigerant pipes between the compressor outlet and the entry into the control valve (15), by means of the controller (13), the actual value with a target value, which, if no temperature increase 17
hung des Heißwassers über eine Druckerhöhung in den Gaskühlern (2, 3) erforderlich ist, dem Druckwert, bei dem die Hochtemperaturwärmepumpe mit maximaler Leistungszahl arbeitet, entspricht und andernfalls der notwendigen Temperaturerhöhung entsprechend über diesem Druckwert liegt, verglichen wird, wobei bei einer Unterschreitung des Sollwerts mittels des zwischen dem inneren Wärmeübertrager (4) und dem Kältemittelsammler (7) angeordneten Regelventils (15) der Strom des Kohlendioxids aus den Gaskühlern (2, 3) in den Kältemittelsammler (7) gedrosselt und bei einer Überschreitung erhöht wird.Hung of the hot water via an increase in pressure in the gas cooler (2, 3) is required, the pressure value at which the high-temperature heat pump with maximum coefficient of performance corresponds, and otherwise the necessary increase in temperature is correspondingly above this pressure value is compared, with a shortfall of the setpoint by means of the between the inner heat exchanger (4) and the refrigerant collector (7) arranged control valve (15), the flow of carbon dioxide from the gas cooler (2, 3) throttled into the refrigerant collector (7) and increased at an excess.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Kältemitteleinspritzventil (8) ein druckgeregeltes thermostatisches Ventil eingesetzt wird.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that as the refrigerant injection valve (8), a pressure-controlled thermostatic valve is used.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Kältemitteleinspritzventil (8) ein elektronisches Ventil eingesetzt wird, das mittels Temperatursensoren für die Verdampfungstemperatur und die Kältemittelaustrittstemperatur aus dem Verdampfer (6) geregelt wird.4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that as the refrigerant injection valve (8), an electronic valve is used, which is controlled by means of temperature sensors for the evaporation temperature and the refrigerant outlet temperature from the evaporator (6).
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur des Heißwassers gemessen und im Regler (16) mit einem Sollwert verglichen wird, wobei bei einer Überschreitung des Sollwerts mehr und bei einer Unterschreitung weniger Kohlendioxid am ersten (4) und am zweiten inneren Wärmeübertrager (5) vorbeigeführt wird.5. The method according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that the temperature of the hot water is measured and compared in the controller (16) with a desired value, wherein when exceeding the setpoint more and at a lower rate less carbon dioxide on the first (4) and on second internal heat exchanger (5) is passed.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, falls bei hohen Volumenströmen des Heißwassers mittels des 3-Wege-Ventils (18) bereits der gesamte Kältemittelstrom durch den ersten (4) und zweiten inneren Wärmeübertrager (5) geleitet wird und die Solltemperatur des Heißwassers nicht erreicht wird, mittels eines 3-Wege-Ventils (24) mit Stellantrieb (23) der Volumenstrom des Heißwassers durch den zweiten inneren Wärmeübertrager (5) erhöht wird.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, if at high flow rates of the hot water by means of the 3-way valve (18) already the entire refrigerant flow through the first (4) and second inner heat exchanger (5) is passed and the target temperature of the hot water is not reached, by means of a 3-way valve (24) with actuator (23), the volume flow of hot water through the second internal heat exchanger (5) is increased.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, falls der Volumenstrom des Heißwassers durch den zweiten inneren Wärmeübertrager (5) 187. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, if the volume flow of the hot water through the second internal heat exchanger (5) 18
am Maximalwert angelangt ist und die Solltemperatur des Heißwassers nicht erreicht wird, der Druck in den Gaskühlern (2, 3) erhöht wird.has reached the maximum value and the target temperature of the hot water is not reached, the pressure in the gas cooler (2, 3) is increased.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, falls die Drücke in den Gaskühlern (2, 3) an ihren Maximalwerten angelangt sind und die Solltemperatur des Heißwassers nicht erreicht wird, der Heißwasservolumenstrom durch die Gaskühler (2, 3) verringert wird.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, if the pressures in the gas cooler (2, 3) have reached their maximum values and the target temperature of the hot water is not reached, the hot water volume flow through the gas cooler (2, 3) is reduced.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Heißwasservolumenstrom durch die Gaskühler (2, 3) über einen mittels des Reglers (19), des Stellantriebs (20) und des 3-Wege- Ventils (21) regelbaren Bypasses (22) für das Heißwasser, der einen teilweisen Rückfluss des Heißwassers bewirkt, eingestellt wird.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the hot water volume flow through the gas cooler (2, 3) via a by means of the regulator (19), the actuator (20) and the 3-way valve (21) controllable bypass (22) for the hot water, which causes a partial reflux of the hot water is adjusted.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Heißwasservolumenstrom durch die Gaskühler (2, 3) über die Drehzahl einer Wasserpumpe (11) des Wasserkreislaufs oder mittels eines Drosselventils, eingestellt wird.10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the hot water volume flow through the gas cooler (2, 3) via the rotational speed of a water pump (11) of the water cycle or by means of a throttle valve is set.
11.Verwendung der Wärmepumpe nach Anspruch 1 zur Energiespeicherung, wobei die Wärmepumpe n Gaskühler aufweist, die jeweils n separate Warmwasserspeicher mit Wasser auf unterschiedlichem Temperaturniveau beliefern, und zur Entnahme der Energie das Wasser der n Warmwasserspeicher jeweils durch einen von n kühlmittelseitig in Reihe geschalteten Verdampfern einer mit Kohlendioxid betriebenen Wärmekraftmaschine geleitet wird, wobei jeweils die Wassertemperaturwerte in den n Gaskühlern der Wärmepumpe und in den ebenfalls n Verdampfern der Kraftmaschine entlang des Strömungsweges in diesen Apparaten gezielt an die für den Wärmetransport erforderlichen Temperaturdifferenzen angepasst werden.11.Use of the heat pump according to claim 1 for energy storage, wherein the heat pump has n gas cooler, each supplying n separate hot water tank with water at different temperature levels, and for removing the energy of the water of the n hot water tank each by one of n coolant side connected in series evaporators a heat engine operated with carbon dioxide, wherein the water temperature values in the n gas coolers of the heat pump and in the likewise n evaporators of the engine along the flow path in these apparatuses are specifically adapted to the temperature differences required for the heat transport.
12. Verwendung der Wärmepumpe nach Anspruch 1 zur Energiespeicherung, wobei die Wärmepumpe n Gaskühler aufweist, die jeweils n Wärmeverbraucher auf unterschiedlichen Temperaturniveaus versorgen. 1912. Use of the heat pump according to claim 1 for energy storage, wherein the heat pump has n gas cooler, each supplying n heat consumers at different temperature levels. 19
13. Verwendung der Wärmepumpe nach Anspruch 1 für die Erwärmung von Fluiden für technologische Prozesse, Wassererwärmung, Heizung oder beliebigen Kombinationen der Anwendungen mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Sollwerten für Heißwasservorlauftemperaturen durch die Abfolge des Eingriffs der einzelnen Regelkreise gemäß Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 3 sowie 6 bis 11. 13. Use of the heat pump according to claim 1 for the heating of fluids for technological processes, water heating, heating or any combination of applications, each with different setpoints for hot water flow temperatures through the sequence of engagement of the individual control loops according to the method of claims 3 and 6 to 11.
PCT/DE2009/001210 2008-09-10 2009-08-28 High temperature heat pump and method for the control thereof WO2010028622A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09736109.1A EP2321589B1 (en) 2008-09-10 2009-08-28 High temperature heat pump and method for the control thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810046620 DE102008046620B4 (en) 2008-09-10 2008-09-10 High-temperature heat pump and method for its regulation
DE102008046620.4 2008-09-10

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WO2010028622A1 WO2010028622A1 (en) 2010-03-18
WO2010028622A4 true WO2010028622A4 (en) 2010-05-14

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EP (1) EP2321589B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008046620B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2010028622A1 (en)

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CN102345941B (en) * 2010-08-03 2014-08-13 昆山台佳机电有限公司 Hydraulic filling type water source heat pump unit for central air-conditioning refrigerant side switching
DE102011086476A1 (en) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High temperature heat pump and method of using a working medium in a high temperature heat pump
DE102012015647A1 (en) 2012-08-07 2014-02-13 Frank Mayer High-temperature heat pump for heat recovery in e.g. ORC system, has auxiliary devices enabling temperature stroke of specific degrees Celsius with coolant, and compressor designed as piston compressor and directly connected with drive
DE102013203243A1 (en) * 2013-02-27 2014-08-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Heat pump and method for operating a heat pump
DE102013214891A1 (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Thermal engineering interconnection of a geothermal energy source with a district heating network
CN108105833A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-01 天津商业大学 CO is subcooled in a kind of mechanical assistance2Trans-critical cycle heat pump heating system
DE102019126983A1 (en) * 2019-10-08 2021-04-08 Wolf Gmbh Heat pump with temperature control and method for using ambient heat by a heat pump
CN110966783A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-04-07 江苏苏净集团有限公司 Two-stage throttling multi-temperature carbon dioxide heat pump unit
CN112503765A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-03-16 广东高美空调设备有限公司 Carbon dioxide heat pump water supply unit
NL1044144B1 (en) 2021-09-07 2023-03-21 Werkenhorst B V Heat pump installation and method for heating a medium
DE102021123631A1 (en) 2021-09-13 2023-03-16 Lübbers Anlagen- und Umwelttechnik GmbH Drying device for providing a process gas for a dryer system
DE102022121699A1 (en) 2022-08-26 2024-02-29 Konvekta Aktiengesellschaft Heat pump system with multi-stage heat transfer and method therefor
DE102022127011A1 (en) 2022-10-14 2024-04-25 Lübbers FTS GmbH Heat pump device for energy-efficient generation of process heat, drying device for drying a material to be dried and method for operating a heat pump device

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JP3615475B2 (en) * 2000-09-28 2005-02-02 三洋電機株式会社 Heat pump water heater
JP2002162123A (en) 2000-11-21 2002-06-07 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Heat pump
JP3801006B2 (en) * 2001-06-11 2006-07-26 ダイキン工業株式会社 Refrigerant circuit
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2321589A1 (en) 2011-05-18
DE102008046620A1 (en) 2010-03-18
EP2321589B1 (en) 2015-08-26
DE102008046620B4 (en) 2011-06-16
WO2010028622A1 (en) 2010-03-18

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