WO2009132868A1 - Steel filament patented in bismuth - Google Patents
Steel filament patented in bismuth Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009132868A1 WO2009132868A1 PCT/EP2009/051679 EP2009051679W WO2009132868A1 WO 2009132868 A1 WO2009132868 A1 WO 2009132868A1 EP 2009051679 W EP2009051679 W EP 2009051679W WO 2009132868 A1 WO2009132868 A1 WO 2009132868A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bismuth
- steel
- bath
- filament
- steel filament
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
- C21D9/5732—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling of wires; of rods
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cold drawn carbon steel filament.
- the invention related to a method of controlled cooling a high-carbon steel filament.
- the invention relates to an installation for continuous controlled cooling of a high-carbon steel filament.
- High-carbon cold drawn steel filaments are known in the art. Cold drawing is applied to obtain the final diameter and to increase the tensile strength of the steel filament. The degree of drawing is, however, limited. The higher the degree of drawing, the more brittle the steel filament and the more difficult to reduce further the diameter of the steel filament without causing too much filament fractures.
- Commercially available wire rod diameters are typically 5.50 mm or 6.50 mm. Direct drawing from wire rod until very fine diameters is not possible.
- the above-mentioned limited degree of drawing is the reason why the various drawing steps are alternated with one or more intermediate heat treatments.
- These heat treatments "reorganize" the internal metal structure of the steel filaments so that further deformation is possible without increase in the frequency of filament fractures.
- the heat treatment is mostly a patenting treatment, i.e. heating until above the austenitizing temperature followed by cooling the steel filament down to between 500 0 C and 680 0 C thereby allowing transformation from austenite to pearlite.
- the cooling phase or transformation phase may be carried out in a bath of lead or a lead alloy, such as disclosed in GB-B-1011972 (filing date 14 November 1961). From a metallurgical point of view, this is the best way for obtaining a proper metal structure for enabling further drawing of the steel wire. The reason is that having regard to the good heat transfer between the molten lead and the steel wire, the transformation from austenite to pearlite is more or less isothermal. This gives a small size of the grains of the thus transformed steel wire, a very homogeneous metallographic structure and a low spread on the intermediate tensile strength of the patented wire. A lead bath, however, may cause considerable environmental problems.
- EP-A-O 181 653 (priority date 19 October 1984) and EP-B1-0 410 501 disclose the use of a fluidized bed for the transformation from austenite to pearlite.
- a gas which may be a combination of air and combustion gas fluidizes a bed of particles. These particles take care of the cooling down of the steel wires.
- a fluidized bed technology may give the patented steel wire a proper metal structure with fine grain sizes and a relatively homogeneous metallographic structure.
- a fluidized bed avoids the use of lead.
- a fluidized bed requires high investment costs for the installation and high operating or maintenance costs.
- the austenite to pearlite transformation may also be done in a water bath such as disclosed in EP-A-O 216 434 (priority date 27 September 1985).
- water patenting has the advantage of low investment costs and low running costs. Water patenting, however, may give problems for wire diameters smaller than 3/12 10237-MM
- the surface of a wire is proportional to its diameter d:
- EP-O 524 689 discloses a solution to the above-mentioned problem with water patenting.
- the cooling is done by two or more water cooling periods alternated with one or more air cooling periods.
- the cooling speed in air is not that high as in water.
- By alternating water cooling with air cooling the formation of bainite or martensite is avoided for steel wires with a diameter greater than about 1.10 mm.
- this water / air / water patenting is cheap in investment and cheap in maintenance costs.
- a water / air / water patenting method also has its inherent limitations.
- a first limitation is that for very fine wire diameters, the smallest water bath may also cause risk for bainite or martensite formation.
- a second limitation is that the water / air / water patenting result in a metal structure which is too soft, i.e. with grain sizes which are greater than the grain sizes obtainable with lead patenting or with fluidized bed patenting.
- This soft structure is 4/12 10237-MM
- the metallographic structure is not so homogeneous and the spread on the intermediate tensile strength of the patented wire may be high.
- a cold drawn carbon steel filament having on its surface traces of bismuth.
- carbon steel filament refer to a steel filament with a plain carbon steel composition where the carbon content ranges between 0.10% and 1.20%, preferably between 0.45% and 1.10%.
- the steel composition may also comprise between 0.30% and 1.50 % manganese and between 0.10% and 0.60% silicon. The amounts of sulphur and phosphorous are both limited to 0.05% each.
- the steel composition may also comprise other elements such as chromium, nickel, vanadium, boron, aluminium, copper, molybdenum, titanium. The remainder of the steel composition is iron. The above-mentioned percentages are all percentages by weight.
- traces means that the amounts are there but are that limited that they have no function other than a remaining rest of a previous operation or process step.
- such a cold drawn carbon steel filament can be used as a sawing wire.
- such a cold drawn carbon steel filament can be used in steel cords for reinforcement of rubber products or of polymeric products.
- the steel filaments may be coated with a metal coating providing corrosion resistance or with a metal coating leading to improved adhesion with rubber or with polymers.
- Bismuth is a white, crystalline, brittle metal with a low melting temperature (271.3 0 C). Although being a heavy metal, bismuth is recognized as one of the safest elements from an environment and health point of view. Bismuth is non-carcinogenic. Hence, using bismuth avoids the typical 6/12 10237-MM
- the bismuth patenting can be done at very fine intermediate wire diameters. Hence, very fine final filament diameters and related high final tensile strengths can be obtained after final wire drawing.
- a method of continuous controlled cooling of a high-carbon steel filament e.g. a method of patenting a high-carbon steel filament.
- the method comprises the step of contacting the steel filament with bismuth during the cooling phase.
- the steel wire is conducted through a bath of bismuth. This bath does not contain lead.
- an installation for continuous and controlled cooling of a high-carbon steel filament comprises a bath of bismuth.
- the steel filament comes into contact with the bismuth inside the bath during the cooling phase. 7/12 10237-MM
- the bismuth bath has two or more zones allowing for separate temperature monitoring and / or control.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of one embodiment of a bismuth bath
- Figure 2 shows a transversal section of another embodiment of a bismuth bath.
- Figure 1 illustrates the cooling step in the patenting treatment of a steel wire 10.
- a high-carbon steel rod has first been cold drawn to an intermediate steel wire at an intermediate steel wire diameter.
- This intermediate steel wire diameter may vary within a large range since the bismuth cooling is independent of the wire diameter.
- the intermediate steel wire diameter may go down to 0.70 mm and lower.
- the intermediate steel wire 10 is first heated in a furnace (not shown) until above the austenitizing temperature, e.g. at about 900 0 C for a 0.80 wt % carbon steel. Immediately after leaving the furnace the steel wire 10 is guided in a bath 12 of bismuth 14.
- the bath 12 of bismuth 14 may comprise dead bodies such as a dummy iron block 16.
- the function of these dead bodies is nothing else than 8/12 10237-MM
- Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of an installation 20 where efforts have been made to reduce the required amount of bismuth 14.
- a number of parallel steel wires 10 run in a small bath of bismuth 14 which is positioned by means of supporting elements 24 "en bain marie" in a larger bath of a molten salt or of lead 22.
- the length of the bismuth bath 12 can be divided into two or more zones with individual and separate monitoring and / or control of the temperature.
- the bath may be divided into two zones.
- a first zone contains mains for heating and cooling.
- the second zone contains means for heating only, since the steel wires 10 have already been cooled down to a large extent.
- Heating of the bismuth bath may be done by means of outside burners, by means of electrical immersion coils or by induction.
- Local cooling of the bismuth bath may be done by means of air or gas running in tubes in and around the bath.
- the grain size of the intermediate steel wire patented in a bismuth bath is comparable to the grain size of a same steel wire patented in a lead bath.
- the homogeneity of the metallographic structure of the intermediate steel wire patented in a bismuth bath is more or less equal to the homogeneity of the metallographic structure of the intermediate steel wire patented in a lead bath.
- Steel wires patented in a bismuth bath have also the advantage that no or very limited decarburization, i.e. loss of carbon at the surface of the steel wire, takes place.
- the dragout of bismuth can be avoided or at least limited to a very high degree if the bismuth bath is kept free as much as possible from oxides and if an oxide layer is present on the surface of the steel wire.
- the bismuth bath can be kept substantially free of oxides when covering the bismuth bath by means of anthracite.
- iron oxides may also be produced inside the bismuth bath, since the corrosion rate of steel by liquid bismuth is quite high.
- the iron oxides FeO, F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 and F ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 do not react with the bismuth and do not give dragout. Only Fe may cause Bi dragout. This is in contrast with a lead bath, where both Fe and F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 may cause dragout of Pb. [0047]
- the amount of bismuth dragout can be kept to a minimum and thus the possible poisoning of the downstream processing steps.
- the traces of bismuth can be detected by the technique of Time-of-Flight- Secondary-lon-Mass-Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS).
- ToF-SIMS provides information on the atomic and molecular composition of the uppermost one to three monolayers with sensitivities at ppm level and lateral resolutions down to 100 nm.
- ToF-SIMS is not an inherently quantitative technique because the detected intensities depend on the chemical composition of the ambient material (the so-called "matrix-effect").
- Semiquantitative information can be obtained if the chemical environment of the samples to be compared is similar. 10/12 10237-MM
- Reference 1 relates to a 0.120 mm (120 ⁇ m) brass coated steel filament which has been patented in a water air water installation.
- Reference 2 the "Invention” relates to a 0.120 mm (120 ⁇ m) brass coated steel filament which has been made according to the present invention.
- Reference 3 relates to a 0.120 mm (120 ⁇ m) brass coated steel filament which has been patented in a lead bath.
- the number "1" refers to first position, the number “2” refers to a second position.
- an invention sample gives amounts which are at least eight, e.g. ten times greater than amounts measured on samples which have not gone through a bismuth bath when patenting.
- an invention sample gives amounts which are at least two, e.g. three times greater than amounts measured on samples which have not gone through a bismuth bath when patenting.
- Both the C60+ analysis gun and the Bh+ analysis gun give numerical values even on samples which have not gone through a bismuth bath. This has to do with the very sensitive nature of the analysis and on the very local character, e.g. areas of only 20 ⁇ m x 20 ⁇ m have been investigated. The Bi ion level on reference 1 samples and reference 2 samples are to be considered as unavoidable noise.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2009801153317A CN102016085A (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented in bismuth |
ES09737912.7T ES2667468T3 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Patented bismuth steel filament |
US12/936,654 US9169528B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented in bismuth |
EA201001717A EA020206B1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented in bismuth |
JP2011506617A JP5918533B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented with bismuth |
PL09737912T PL2271779T3 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented in bismuth |
SI200931859T SI2271779T1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented in bismuth |
EP09737912.7A EP2271779B1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented in bismuth |
BRPI0911621A BRPI0911621A2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | patented bismuth steel filament. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08155484 | 2008-04-30 | ||
EP08155484.2 | 2008-04-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009132868A1 true WO2009132868A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
Family
ID=39731054
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/051679 WO2009132868A1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-02-13 | Steel filament patented in bismuth |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9169528B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2271779B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5918533B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110021741A (en) |
CN (2) | CN102016085A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0911621A2 (en) |
EA (1) | EA020206B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2667468T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE039358T2 (en) |
MY (1) | MY160139A (en) |
PL (1) | PL2271779T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2271779T (en) |
SI (1) | SI2271779T1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR201806883T4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009132868A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008069409A (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-03-27 | Bridgestone Corp | High strength high carbon steel wire and producing method therefor |
CN102586787A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-07-18 | 张家港市胜达钢绳有限公司 | Method for producing tin bronze tempering tire bead steel wires highly bonded with rubber |
CN102873115B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-07-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | On-line hot bath cooling device for high-speed wires and control system of on-line hot bath cooling device |
FR3013737B1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-01-01 | Michelin & Cie | HIGH TREFILITY STEEL WIRE COMPRISING A MASS CARBON RATE OF BETWEEN 0.05% INCLUDED AND 0.4% EXCLUDED |
CN105118478B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2018-08-28 | 吴娟 | The preparation method of string |
US10400320B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2019-09-03 | Nucor Corporation | Lead free steel and method of manufacturing |
EP3919633A4 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2023-06-28 | Tokyo Rope Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Heat exchange method, heat exchange medium, heat exchange device, patenting method, and carbon steel wire |
CN109929974A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-25 | 东阳市恒业钢带有限公司 | A kind of liquid bismuth alloy quenching unit and quenching technical |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1349720A (en) * | 1963-03-04 | 1964-01-17 | British Iron Steel Research | Improvement in heat treatment of elongated metallic materials |
GB1011972A (en) * | 1961-11-14 | 1965-12-01 | British Iron Steel Research | Improvements in or relating to the heat treatment of elongate metal material |
US3858423A (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1975-01-07 | Tadeusz Sendzimir | Anvil rollbed cyclic mill and method of rolling |
US4944174A (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1990-07-31 | Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Process for cooling heated material |
DE102004048443B3 (en) * | 2004-10-02 | 2005-12-01 | C.D. Wälzholz-Brockhaus GmbH | Method for rolling technical deformation of wire and rod-shaped starting material, apparatus for carrying out the method and produced by the method flat profile |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55110717A (en) | 1979-02-21 | 1980-08-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacture of link chain |
US4813652A (en) * | 1981-11-26 | 1989-03-21 | Union Siderurgique Du Nord Et De L'est De La France (Usinor) | Plant for effecting the controlled cooling of metal sheets |
GB8426455D0 (en) | 1984-10-19 | 1984-11-28 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Fluidised bed apparatus |
GB8523882D0 (en) | 1985-09-27 | 1985-10-30 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Treatment of steel wires |
BE1004383A3 (en) | 1989-07-26 | 1992-11-10 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Fluidized bed for deterring WIRE. |
ZA924360B (en) | 1991-07-22 | 1993-03-31 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Heat treatment of steel wire |
JPH05287480A (en) * | 1992-04-06 | 1993-11-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Production of hot dip metal coated steel strip |
JPH06346152A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-12-20 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Lead patenting apparatus for high carbon steel wire |
JP3543944B2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2004-07-21 | 加藤センターレス販売株式会社 | High carbon bismuth sulfur composite free-cutting steel and its wire rod and its steel wire |
JP3940270B2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2007-07-04 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Method for producing high-strength bolts with excellent delayed fracture resistance and relaxation resistance |
JP2002241899A (en) * | 2001-02-09 | 2002-08-28 | Kobe Steel Ltd | High strength steel wire having excellent delayed fracture resistance and excellent forging property and manufacturing method therefor |
JP2004011002A (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2004-01-15 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Element wire for drawing and wire |
DE102005054014B3 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-04-05 | C.D. Wälzholz-Brockhaus GmbH | Method for continuously forming bainite structure in carbon steel involves austenitizing steel and passing it through bath quenchant, removing quenchant residue converting remaining parts of steel into bainite isothermal tempering station |
-
2009
- 2009-02-13 TR TR2018/06883T patent/TR201806883T4/en unknown
- 2009-02-13 HU HUE09737912A patent/HUE039358T2/en unknown
- 2009-02-13 PL PL09737912T patent/PL2271779T3/en unknown
- 2009-02-13 EA EA201001717A patent/EA020206B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-02-13 SI SI200931859T patent/SI2271779T1/en unknown
- 2009-02-13 ES ES09737912.7T patent/ES2667468T3/en active Active
- 2009-02-13 US US12/936,654 patent/US9169528B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-13 CN CN2009801153317A patent/CN102016085A/en active Pending
- 2009-02-13 MY MYPI2010004622A patent/MY160139A/en unknown
- 2009-02-13 WO PCT/EP2009/051679 patent/WO2009132868A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-02-13 BR BRPI0911621A patent/BRPI0911621A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-13 JP JP2011506617A patent/JP5918533B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-13 PT PT97379127T patent/PT2271779T/en unknown
- 2009-02-13 EP EP09737912.7A patent/EP2271779B1/en active Active
- 2009-02-13 KR KR1020107024401A patent/KR20110021741A/en active Search and Examination
- 2009-04-09 CN CN2009200056478U patent/CN201447495U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1011972A (en) * | 1961-11-14 | 1965-12-01 | British Iron Steel Research | Improvements in or relating to the heat treatment of elongate metal material |
FR1349720A (en) * | 1963-03-04 | 1964-01-17 | British Iron Steel Research | Improvement in heat treatment of elongated metallic materials |
US3858423A (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1975-01-07 | Tadeusz Sendzimir | Anvil rollbed cyclic mill and method of rolling |
US4944174A (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1990-07-31 | Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Process for cooling heated material |
DE102004048443B3 (en) * | 2004-10-02 | 2005-12-01 | C.D. Wälzholz-Brockhaus GmbH | Method for rolling technical deformation of wire and rod-shaped starting material, apparatus for carrying out the method and produced by the method flat profile |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SI2271779T1 (en) | 2018-08-31 |
PL2271779T3 (en) | 2018-09-28 |
EP2271779A1 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
ES2667468T3 (en) | 2018-05-11 |
EA020206B1 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
PT2271779T (en) | 2018-05-23 |
KR20110021741A (en) | 2011-03-04 |
JP5918533B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
JP2011522113A (en) | 2011-07-28 |
BRPI0911621A2 (en) | 2015-10-13 |
US9169528B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
CN102016085A (en) | 2011-04-13 |
EP2271779B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
CN201447495U (en) | 2010-05-05 |
EA201001717A1 (en) | 2011-04-29 |
HUE039358T2 (en) | 2018-12-28 |
MY160139A (en) | 2017-02-28 |
US20110114231A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
TR201806883T4 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
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