WO2009131177A1 - オフセットパラボラアンテナ - Google Patents
オフセットパラボラアンテナ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009131177A1 WO2009131177A1 PCT/JP2009/058076 JP2009058076W WO2009131177A1 WO 2009131177 A1 WO2009131177 A1 WO 2009131177A1 JP 2009058076 W JP2009058076 W JP 2009058076W WO 2009131177 A1 WO2009131177 A1 WO 2009131177A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- parabolic reflector
- primary radiator
- parabolic
- antenna
- directivity
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
- H01Q19/132—Horn reflector antennas; Off-set feeding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/02—Details
- H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
- H01Q19/026—Means for reducing undesirable effects for reducing the primary feed spill-over
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a parabolic antenna mainly used for receiving microwaves, and more particularly to an offset parabolic antenna suitable for satellite broadcast reception and having a particularly good antenna noise figure (G / T).
- the parabolic reflector that constitutes the offset parabolic antenna is a part of the parabolic surface shifted from the rotation axis, cut out so that the opening surface viewed from the direction of radio wave arrival is circular,
- a primary radiator is disposed at the focal position via a support arm fixed to the parabolic reflector.
- This primary radiator usually has the highest sensitivity to radio waves from the center of the pointing range. Further, the reflected wave from the parabolic reflector has the highest level from the center point of the opening surface.
- the primary radiator usually has a central axis of the directivity range (generally, the axis line in the direction in which the received power is maximized), and the parabolic reflector reflects the direction of arrival of radio waves (specifically, parabolic reflection). It is installed so that the axis passing through the center of the aperture surface when viewed from the direction of arrival of radio waves collected at the focal point of the mirror is directed to a point pointing to the parabolic reflector (hereinafter referred to as the aperture surface center point).
- the efficiency of receiving reflected waves from parabolic reflectors has been improved by placing the primary radiator with respect to the parabolic reflector so that its beam center axis faces the center of the aperture of the parabolic reflector.
- the antenna gain is improved.
- the size of the directivity range which is one of the directivity performances of the primary radiator, is the opening angle of the parabolic reflector (more specifically, the upper and lower ends of the parabolic reflector as viewed from the focal point).
- the primary radiator is configured so that it substantially coincides with the parabolic reflector, and the primary radiator is arranged as described above with respect to the parabolic reflector, the vicinity of the outermost limit of the directing range of the primary radiator is It protrudes beyond the upper end of the reflector. As a result, the spillover occurs, and the reception performance of the offset parabolic antenna decreases.
- the primary radiator when configured and arranged as described above, spillover occurs because of the center point of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector, both ends of the parabolic reflector in the major axis direction, and the focal point of the parabolic reflector.
- the position of the point where the bisector that bisects the aperture angle formed by the two straight lines connecting the two points to the parabolic reflector (hereinafter referred to as the center point of the aperture angle) is different. This is because the point is caused by being positioned above the center point of the opening angle.
- the line connecting the center point O of the parabolic reflector and the focal point F is OF
- the line connecting the lower end A of the parabolic reflector and the focal point F is AF
- the angle ⁇ formed by the line OF and the line BF is smaller than the angle ⁇ formed by the line OF and the line AF. Therefore, the opening angle center point P indicated by the line FP that bisects the angle BFA that is the opening angle is positioned below the opening surface center point O.
- the directivity range of the primary radiator is designed to have a width that matches the aperture angle (that is, the angle BFA) of the parabolic reflector. If the axis in the direction in which the angle is maximum is directed to the aperture center point O, the outer limit of the directivity range exceeds the upper end of the parabolic reflector, and although the antenna gain can be improved, the effect of reception noise due to spillover The problem of receiving will arise.
- an antenna performance index representing a ratio of the gain and noise of the antenna.
- G / T antenna performance index
- HEMT High Electron Mobility Transistor
- the directivity range of the primary radiator is made to substantially coincide with the opening angle of the parabolic reflector (that is, the angle BFA), and the central axis (beam center axis) of the directivity range of the primary radiator and a line A method of fixing the primary radiator so that the angle formed by the AF and the angle formed by the beam center axis of the primary radiator and the line BF may be considered.
- the beam center axis of the primary radiator is installed toward the center point P of the opening angle of the parabolic reflector.
- this method can reduce spillover, the directional illuminance distribution of the primary radiator at the upper and lower ends of the parabolic reflector is not uniform, so the reflected wave from the reflector should be used efficiently. There is a problem that reception gain is reduced.
- the lengths in the X direction and the Y direction in the image when the aperture surface of the parabolic reflector is projected onto the XY plane are used.
- the length L of the parabolic reflector is increased by increasing the length L in the oblique direction to the dimension r so that the projected image tends to be close to a quadrilateral. It has been proposed to reduce spillover without.
- the length dimension in the X direction of the projection image on the XY plane of the parabolic reflector formed in a substantially quadrilateral shape is larger than the length in the Y direction of the projection image. It has also been proposed to improve the reception gain without increasing the minor axis dimension (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the proposed offset parabolic antenna has a spillover without increasing the minor dimension of the parabolic reflector (generally indicating the size of the antenna) by making the parabolic reflector nearly a quadrilateral.
- the area of the parabolic reflector itself increases, there are the following problems.
- the proposed offset parabolic antenna has a larger parabolic reflector area, resulting in a heavier weight or a larger wind receiving area than a commercially available antenna having the same minor axis size. The problem of becoming larger arises.
- the shape of the parabolic reflector is not a general ellipse, but a special shape, so a new mold for manufacturing the reflector is manufactured to prevent spillover. There is also a problem that this causes an increase in cost.
- the directivity range (angle BFA) of the primary radiator is conventional. If the central axis is directed to the point O (the center point of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector before extending upward), the extended portion C can reduce spillover and improve gain. It cannot be said that the entire parabolic reflector that should have a large area is effectively used.
- the directing range of the primary radiator is expanded to the angle CFA so as to be the same as the opening angle of the newly formed substantially square parabolic reflector, and the central axis of the directing range of the primary radiator is the O Although it is possible to install it so that it faces the point, this point O is also the center of the opening angle of the new parabolic reflector, so although it can be expected to improve the spillover, the benefits of widening the parabolic reflector cannot be fully utilized. Further improvement in gain cannot be expected.
- the directing range of the primary radiator is expanded to the angle CFA so as to be the same as the opening angle of the newly formed substantially square parabolic reflector, and the central axis of the directing range of the primary radiator is the newly formed approximately If a rectangular parabolic reflector is installed so that it faces the new aperture angle center Q located above the point O, it can be expected to further improve the reception gain by taking full advantage of the wide parabolic reflector. Although it is conceivable, spillover will occur again as in the above problem.
- the present invention has been made in view of these problems, and an object thereof is to provide an offset parabolic antenna that can reduce spillover without increasing the area of the parabolic reflector with respect to the directivity range of the primary radiator. There is to do.
- the first aspect of the present invention made to achieve the above object is to support an elliptical parabolic reflector whose mirror surface has a shape obtained by cutting out a part of a paraboloid, a primary radiator, and the primary radiator.
- An offset parabolic antenna comprising a support arm that fixes the focal position in front of the mirror surface of the parabolic reflector,
- the primary radiator is:
- the beam center axis that maximizes the received power within the directivity range is When the parabolic reflector is viewed from the direction of arrival of radio waves collected at the focal point of the parabolic reflector, the center point of the opening surface is the mirror surface position of the parabolic reflector indicated by the axis passing through the center of the opening surface.
- the opening angle formed by two straight lines connecting both ends in the major axis direction of the parabolic reflector and the focal point of the parabolic reflector is divided into two equal parts, it is the mirror surface position of the parabolic reflector indicated by the bisecting line.
- the center point of the opening angle; It is fixed to the support arm so as to face a substantially central position between the two.
- a second aspect of the present invention is the offset parabolic antenna according to the first aspect, wherein the directivity performance of the primary radiator is configured such that the directivity range is substantially the same as the opening angle of the parabolic reflector. Moreover, the directivity characteristic is characterized in that the limit of the directivity range and the reception power outside the directivity range are configured to be lower than the maximum reception power within the directivity range by a set value.
- the primary radiator is arranged so that the beam center axis of the primary radiator faces a substantially central position between the center point of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector and the center point of the opening angle. It is fixed to the support arm.
- the offset parabolic antenna of the present invention as in the prior art shown in FIGS. 8A-8B and FIGS. 9A-9B, the area of the parabolic reflector is not increased from the normal one, and the primary radiator is used. It becomes possible to reduce spillover in which unnecessary radio waves are directly input, and to improve the utilization efficiency of the parabolic reflector. Further, since spillover can be reduced, the antenna performance index (G / T) of the offset parabolic antenna can be improved.
- the offset parabolic antenna of the present invention can be obtained by directing the central axis (beam central axis) of the directivity range of the primary radiator to a substantially intermediate position between the center point of the aperture plane of the parabolic reflector and the center point of the aperture angle. Since the figure of merit (G / T) can be improved, even with an existing offset parabolic antenna, the antenna characteristics can be improved easily and inexpensively.
- the offset parabolic antenna of the present invention can be configured without changing the size and weight of the parabolic reflector from the conventional one, so that the user-friendliness, such as workability when installing the antenna, is not reduced. .
- the directivity range is configured to be substantially the same as the opening angle of the parabolic reflector in the directivity performance of the primary radiator, and the directivity characteristics are Since the limit of the directivity range and the received power outside the directivity range are configured to be lower than the maximum received power received by the primary radiator by a set value, the spillover is more reliably reduced and the reception noise is reduced. Can be reduced, and the antenna performance index (G / T) of the offset parabolic antenna can be increased.
- the set value is within a range of 10 dB to 15 dB (more preferably, as described in the embodiments described later). Is 15 dB).
- FIG. 1A is the perspective view showing the whole
- FIG. 1B is a side view of a primary radiator part. It is a partially broken side view showing the structure of the connection part of a primary radiator and a support arm
- FIG. 2A represents the state before a connection
- FIG. 2B represents the state after a connection.
- FIG. 3A is sectional drawing in XZ plane which cut
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams for explaining spillover occurring in the normal positional relationship shown in FIGS. 3A to 3B, in which FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view in the XZ plane, and FIG. 5B is a projection view on the XY plane.
- FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a parabolic reflector and a primary radiator according to the embodiment, FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view on the XZ plane, and FIG. 6B is a projection view on the XY plane.
- FIG. 8A is sectional drawing in XZ plane
- FIG. 8B is a projection drawing of XY plane
- FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram showing another shape of a conventional parabolic reflector and a positional relationship with a primary radiator
- FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view in the XZ plane
- FIG. 9B is a projection view on the XY plane.
- SYMBOLS 1 ... Parabolic reflector, 2 ... Projection figure of opening surface, 3 ... Projection figure of directivity range, 5 * 7 ... Projecting part, 6.8 ... Inside part, A ... Bottom end of parabolic reflector, B ... Parabolic reflection Upper end of mirror, F ... focal point, O ... opening surface center point, P ... opening angle center point, R ... performance base point, 10 ... support arm, 20 ... primary radiator, 22 ... horn, 24 ... case part, 25 ... output Terminals, 26 ... main body, 28 ... resin case, 29 ... fixing part.
- the offset parabolic antenna of the present embodiment receives a broadcast radio wave transmitted from a geostationary satellite, converts the received signal into a predetermined intermediate frequency band, and outputs it to the terminal side.
- An antenna for broadcast reception an elliptical parabolic reflector 1 whose mirror surface has a shape obtained by cutting out a part of a parabolic surface, one end fixed to the back side of the parabolic reflector 1, and the other end a parabolic reflector
- a support arm 10 extended to the vicinity of the focal point of the front surface (mirror surface) of 1, and a primary radiator 20 fixed to the focal position of the parabolic reflector 1 by being fixed to the other end of the support arm 10; It is composed of
- the parabolic reflector 1 has its mirror surface (front surface) directed toward a geostationary satellite that transmits broadcast radio waves, and vertically through a fixing bracket (not shown) provided on the back surface side. It is a well-known device that is fixed to a support or the like installed on the surface, so that broadcast radio waves from a geostationary satellite are reflected by the front surface (mirror surface) and collected at the focal position of the mirror surface.
- the primary radiator 20 incorporates a converter circuit for down-converting a radio wave reception signal (ten GHz) collected by the parabolic reflector 1 into an intermediate frequency signal of several GHz.
- the intermediate frequency signal after the down-conversion is output from the device 20 as a received signal.
- the primary radiator 20 includes a die cast main body portion 26 formed integrally with a horn 22 of the primary radiator 20 and a case portion 24 that houses a converter circuit and the like. Prepare.
- the case part 24 of the main body part 26 is for housing a circuit board on which a receiving part for receiving a radio wave incident from the horn 22 and a converter circuit are formed. Then, the reception signal frequency-converted by the converter circuit is output from an output terminal (F-type plug) 25 protruding below the case portion 24.
- the main body portion 26 is housed in a synthetic resin resin case 28 that protects the main body portion 26 so that rainwater does not enter the case portion 24 from the horn 22.
- the support arm 10 is configured by a metal pipe. In the main body portion 26 of the primary radiator 20, the support arm 10 is inserted into the pipe from the front end of the support arm 10 below the horn 22, and from the outside. A fixing portion 29 for fixing with screws is projected.
- the primary radiator 20 is firmly fixed to the support arm 10 and then to the parabolic reflector 1 by inserting the fixing portion 29 into the support arm 10 and screwing, so that the orientation of the support arm 10 is directed.
- the axis (in other words, the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20) having the highest received intensity within the range is also fixed in a predetermined direction.
- the position where the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 hits the mirror surface of the parabolic reflector 1 is determined by the tip position of the support arm 10 and the projecting angle of the fixed portion 29 from the main body portion 26 of the primary radiator 20.
- the center of the aperture surface is determined.
- the mirror surface position indicated by the passing axis that is, the center point of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector 1
- the position where the beam central axis of the primary radiator 20 hits the mirror surface of the parabolic reflector 1 are generally matched. For this reason, there is a problem that the utilization efficiency of the parabolic reflector 1 is reduced and reception noise due to spillover is increased.
- the utilization efficiency of the parabolic reflector 1 is improved and the spillover is reduced, and the antenna of the offset parabolic antenna The figure of merit (G / T) is improved.
- FIGS. 3A-3B are explanatory diagrams showing the positional relationship between the primary radiator 20 and the parabolic reflector 1 when the primary radiator 20 is fixed to the focal point F of the parabolic reflector 1 by a normal design method.
- 3A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the parabolic reflector 1 is cut along an XZ plane in the vertical direction passing through the receiving point of the primary radiator (that is, the focal point F of the parabolic reflector 1)
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a projected view of an XY plane viewed from the arrival direction of radio waves collected at the focal point F.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B, and FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 6A and 6B described later, (A) and (B) are XZ plane sectional views similar to FIG. 3A, respectively. It is the same XY plane projection view as 3B.
- the mirror surface of the parabolic reflector 1 in the offset parabolic antenna is a projection of the aperture plane as viewed from the direction of arrival of the radio wave to be collected at the focal point F at the portion shifted from the rotation axis of the paraboloid. Is set to be cut out to be a circle with a radius r. The mirror surface position indicated by the axis passing through the center of the circle having the radius r is the center point of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector 1.
- a in FIG. 3A is the lower end of the parabolic reflector 1, and B is the upper end of the parabolic reflector 1.
- P in FIG. 3A denotes a mirror surface position (that is, parabolic reflection) indicated by a bisector (FP) that bisects an angle 2 ⁇ formed by the lines BF and AF (that is, the opening angle of the parabolic reflector 1).
- the line BF is a line connecting the upper end B of the parabolic reflector 1 and the focal point F
- the line AF is a line connecting the lower end A of the parabolic reflector 1 and the focal point F.
- the parabolic reflector 1 constituting the offset parabolic antenna is different in the position of the opening surface center point O and the position of the opening angle center point P, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- the position of the opening surface center point O is positioned above the opening angle center point P.
- This deviation is several centimeters for a parabolic reflector with an antenna effective diameter (short dimension) of 45 cm, but it varies depending on the effective diameter and offset angle of the parabolic reflector 1, and becomes larger as the effective diameter and offset angle are larger.
- the primary radiator 20 is disposed through the support arm 10 at the focal point F of the parabolic reflector 1. Further, the primary radiator 20 is usually configured to have the highest sensitivity to radio waves from the center direction of the directivity range.
- the directivity of the primary radiator 20 is expressed by a directivity range and directivity.
- the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 indicates the spread of directivity.
- the directivity range is defined as the aperture angle of the parabolic reflector 1. It is desirable to configure so as to substantially match the size of the.
- the directivity range is wider than the aperture angle, a part of the radio wave coming from the rear of the parabolic reflector 1 is directly input to the primary radiator without being blocked by the parabolic reflector 1, and reception noise occurs. This is because if the directivity range is narrower than the aperture angle, the reflected wave from the parabolic reflector 1 cannot be received efficiently.
- the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 is as described above. Is set.
- the directivity characteristic of the primary radiator 20 shows the sharpness of directivity.
- the directivity characteristic in order to prevent the influence of the reception power from the vicinity of the limit of the directivity range and from the outside thereof, the directivity characteristic is that the limit of the directivity range and the reception power at the outside of the directivity range are set values more than the maximum reception power. It is comprised so that it may become small.
- the parabolic reflection is set by setting the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 to be within a range of ⁇ ⁇ with the beam having the maximum received power as the central axis. Matching the aperture angle of the mirror 1, the directivity characteristics of the primary radiator 20 are set so that the limit of the directivity range and the received power outside the directivity range are 15 dB lower than the maximum received power.
- the primary radiator 20 having such directivity generally has a beam center axis (that is, a maximum received power) of the primary radiator 20 in order to improve the gain as an antenna as described above. Is attached so that the center line O of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector 1 is directed.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining spillover using a normal parabolic reflector
- FIG. 5A is a sectional view in the XZ plane
- FIG. 5B is a projected view on the XY plane.
- reference numeral 3 is a projection view showing a directivity range of the primary radiator 20 when the primary radiator 20 is arranged so that its beam center axis faces the center point O of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector 1. Is an ellipse in which the X direction is longer than the Y direction.
- the primary radiator 20 is configured such that the directivity range coincides with the aperture angle BFA of the parabolic reflector 1, so that the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 remains the same. If the beam center axis is directed to the aperture center point O, a portion 5 in which the upper limit of the directivity range extends beyond the upper end B of the parabolic reflector 1 to the point C is generated.
- the lower limit of the directivity range results in a portion 6 that exceeds the lower end A of the parabolic reflector 1 and becomes inside the parabolic reflector 1. That is, when the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 is mounted so as to face the center O of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector 1, the reception gain is improved, but the protruding portion 5 is caused by the parabolic reflector 1. Since shielding cannot be expected, reception noise increases due to spillover in the protruding portion 5.
- the limit of the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 may be widened so as to substantially coincide with the lower end A of the parabolic reflector 1, but on the other hand, the upper end of the parabolic reflector 1 is increased.
- the portion 5 that protrudes beyond B is further enlarged, and the spillover is increased.
- FIGS. 6A, 6B and FIG. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams showing the positional relationship between the parabolic reflector 1 and the primary radiator 20 of the present embodiment
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view in the XZ plane
- FIG. 6B is a projection view on the XY plane. is there.
- FIG. 7 is explanatory drawing showing the electrical property of the offset parabolic antenna of this embodiment.
- the directivity performance of the primary radiator 20 is the same as that shown in FIG. 4, and the directivity range coincides with the aperture angle BFA of the parabolic reflector 1 shown as the embodiment of the present invention.
- the directivity characteristic is configured such that the limit of the directivity range and the received power outside the directivity range are lower than the maximum power by a set value (for example, 15 dB).
- R in FIGS. 6A and 6B is a point indicating a substantially intermediate position between the opening angle center point P and the opening surface center point O.
- This intermediate position may be an intermediate point of the position along the paraboloid of the parabolic reflector 1 or an intermediate point of a straight line connecting the opening angle center point P and the opening surface center point O. .
- the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 (the central axis of the pointing range or the axis line at which the received power is maximized) is the R point, and the performance for optimizing the antenna performance It is in the base point.
- reference numeral 3 is a projection diagram showing the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 when the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 is mounted with the performance base point R of the parabolic reflector 1 directed. Is an ellipse in which the X direction is longer than the Y direction.
- the portion 7 whose directional range protrudes from the upper end B of the parabolic reflector 1 is narrower than the portion 5 shown in FIG. 5A, thereby reducing spillover.
- the portion 8 located inside the lower end A of the parabolic reflector 1 becomes narrower than the portion 6 shown in FIG. 5A, so that the reflector can be used efficiently.
- the primary radiator 20 having the above-described directivity has the beam center axis (the axis at the position where the received power is maximized).
- the parabolic reflector 1 By disposing it so as to face the base point R, it is possible to optimize the parabolic reflector 1 so that the parabolic reflector 1 can be used to the maximum extent in consideration of reception power and reception noise.
- An offset parabolic antenna having G / T) can be provided.
- FIG. 7 shows data measured to confirm this effect.
- This data is the offset parabola when the direction of the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 having the directivity described above is moved from the aperture angle center point P toward the aperture surface center point O (or in the opposite direction). It is the data which shows the characteristic change of various performance as an antenna.
- the antenna gain (dB) and the antenna noise temperature (K) indicating the noise level including the reception noise, unnecessary radio waves, the ground, the spatial noise generated in the sky, and the like.
- the parabolic reflector 1 shields the reception noise from behind the parabolic reflector 1, so Among them, the antenna noise temperature shows a substantially minimum value, and when the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 is moved in the vertical direction around the point P, the antenna noise temperature deteriorates.
- the antenna gain does not show the maximum value.
- the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 is gradually tilted upward from the aperture angle center point P toward the aperture surface center point O, the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 from the upper end B of the parabolic reflector 1 is increased. Since the vicinity of the outer limit gradually protrudes upward, a part of the received noise from behind the parabolic reflector 1 cannot be shielded, and the antenna noise temperature gradually increases.
- the primary radiator 20 can gradually receive reflected waves efficiently, and the gain of the antenna gradually improves.
- the primary radiator 20 can receive the reflected wave efficiently, and the antenna gain shows a substantially maximum value.
- the antenna performance index (G / T) As the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 is gradually tilted from the aperture angle center point P toward the aperture surface center point O, the antenna figure of merit (G / T) gradually improves and gradually increases from the middle. It can be seen that there is a tendency to decrease.
- the antenna figure of merit (G / T) reaches the maximum value because the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 is an approximately intermediate position between the aperture angle center point P and the aperture surface center point O. Including the case of pointing R, it can be seen that the time is before and after that.
- the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 (specifically, the axis of the position where the received power in the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 is maximized (generally the directivity range)
- the paraboloidal reflector 1 is configured such that the center)) is directed to the performance base point R, which is a substantially intermediate position between the opening surface center point O of the parabolic reflector 1 and the opening angle center point P of the parabolic reflector 1.
- G / T antenna figure of merit
- the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 is the same as that of the parabolic reflector 1 in use, even if the antenna is already commercialized. Since the antenna figure of merit (G / T) can be improved simply by turning to the performance base point R, the characteristics of the product can be improved easily and inexpensively even with existing products.
- the offset parabolic antenna of the present embodiment can be configured without changing the size and weight compared to the conventional one, and has an excellent antenna performance index (G / T) without greatly changing the usability for the user.
- a highly practical parabolic reflector and a primary radiator 20 optimization method can be provided.
- the directivity range of the primary radiator 20 is configured to be approximately the same as the opening angle of the parabolic reflector 1, and the directivity thereof
- the characteristic is that the limit of the directivity range and the received power outside the directivity range are configured to be lower than the maximum received power received by the primary radiator 20 by at least a set value. It is possible to reduce the reception noise caused by the spillover by suppressing the phenomenon that a part of the radio wave is directly incident on the primary radiator 20 (that is, the spillover).
- An offset parabolic antenna with T) can be provided.
- the directivity performance of the primary radiator 20 of the above embodiment is configured such that the directivity range thereof is substantially the same as the opening angle of the parabolic reflector 1, and the directivity characteristics are the limit of the directivity range and the outside thereof. Is set to be lower than the maximum received power received by the primary radiator 20 by a set value, and this set value is preferably 15 dB as described above. , Partially, it may be in the range of 10-15 dB beyond 15 dB.
- the beam center axis of the primary radiator 20 faces the performance base point R.
- a predetermined size centered on the performance base point R for example, a radius of 5 mm. It may be directed to any one within the range of a circular shape.
- shaft of the primary radiator 20 are the aperture-plane center point O of the parabolic reflector 1, and although the description has been made assuming that the parabolic reflector 1 faces the performance base point R, which is a substantially intermediate position with respect to the opening angle center point P of the parabolic reflector 1, as shown in the above data, the opening surface center point O is defined as “the point where the antenna gain becomes maximum”.
- the opening angle center point P may be rephrased as “a point where the antenna noise temperature is minimized”.
- the primary radiator 20 has an axis at a position where the received power in the predetermined directivity range is maximum at a substantially intermediate position between the “point where the gain is maximum” and the “point where the antenna noise temperature is minimum”. In other words, it may be fixed to the support arm 10 so as to face a certain performance base point R.
- an example of an oval reflecting mirror in which the projection of the opening surface of the parabolic reflector is circular has been described.
- an antenna using a reflecting mirror including a parabolic surface of the offset parabolic antenna is used. If there is, the antenna is not limited to the embodiment, for example, the projection of the aperture surface may be a non-circular antenna.
- the present invention is applied to an offset parabolic antenna for satellite broadcast reception.
- the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and may be applied to an offset parabolic antenna for transmission.
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記一次放射器は、
その指向範囲内で受信電力が最大となるビーム中心軸が、
前記パラボラ反射鏡の焦点に集波される電波の到来方向から前記パラボラ反射鏡を見たとき、その開口面の中心を通る軸線にて示される前記パラボラ反射鏡の鏡面位置である開口面中心点と、
前記パラボラ反射鏡の長径方向の両端と前記パラボラ反射鏡の焦点とを結ぶ2直線がなす開口角を2等分したとき、その2等分線にて示される前記パラボラ反射鏡の鏡面位置である開口角中心点と、
の間の略中心位置を向くように、前記支持アームに固定されていることを特徴とする。
本実施形態のオフセットパラボラアンテナは、図1A,1Bに示すように、静止衛星から送信された放送電波を受信し、その受信信号を所定の中間周波数帯に変換して、端末側に出力する衛星放送受信用のアンテナであり、鏡面が放物面の一部を切り出した形状を有する楕円形のパラボラ反射鏡1と、一端がパラボラ反射鏡1の裏面側に固定され、他端がパラボラ反射鏡1の前面(鏡面)の焦点付近まで延出された支持アーム10と、この支持アーム10の他端に固定されることにより、パラボラ反射鏡1の焦点位置に固定される一次放射器20と、から構成されている。
また、支持アーム10は、金属製のパイプにて構成されており、一次放射器20の本体部26において、ホーン22の下方には、支持アーム10の先端からパイプ内に挿通して、外からねじ止め固定するための固定部29が突設されている。
まず、図3A-3Bは、通常の設計手法で一次放射器20をパラボラ反射鏡1の焦点Fに固定したときの一次放射器20とパラボラ反射鏡1との位置関係を表す説明図であり、図3Aは、一次放射器の受信点(つまりパラボラ反射鏡1の焦点F)を通る垂直方向のXZ平面にてパラボラ反射鏡1を切断した状態を表す断面図、図3Bはパラボラ反射鏡1をその焦点Fに集波される電波の到来方向から見たXY平面の投影図である。
そして、一次放射器20の指向範囲は、指向性の広がりを示すものであり、パラボラ反射鏡1からの反射波を効率よく受信するためには、その指向範囲を、パラボラ反射鏡1の開口角の大きさと略一致させるよう構成するのが望ましい。
そして、本実施形態では、指向範囲の限界付近及びその外側からの受信電力の影響を防ぐため、その指向特性は、指向範囲の限界及びその外側における受信電力が、最大受信電力よりも設定値だけ小さくなるように構成されている。
そこで、本実施形態では、図4に例示するように、一次放射器20の指向範囲を、受信電力が最大となるビームを中心軸として±θの範囲となるように設定することで、パラボラ反射鏡1の開口角と一致させ、一次放射器20の指向特性を、指向範囲の限界及びその外側における受信電力が、最大受信電力よりも15dBだけ低くなるように設定している。
このような指向性能を有した一次放射器20は、一般的には、上述したようにアンテナとしての利得の向上を図るために、一次放射器20のビーム中心軸(すなわち、受信電力が最大となる位置の軸線)が、パラボラ反射鏡1の開口面中心点Oを向くように取り付けられる。
つまり、一次放射器20のビーム中心軸が、パラボラ反射鏡1の開口面中心点Oを向くように取り付けられる場合は、受信利得が向上するものの、上記はみ出た部分5は、パラボラ反射鏡1による遮蔽を期待できないので、はみ出た部分5におけるスピルオーバーによって受信雑音が増大することになる。
一方、一次放射器20のビーム中心軸が、パラボラ反射鏡1の開口角中心点Pを向けて取り付けられる場合を考えると、スピルオーバーは小さくなり受信雑音の影響を減少させることができるものの、利得の向上は望めない。
なお、図6A,6Bは本実施形態のパラボラ反射鏡1と一次放射器20との位置関係を表す説明図であり、図6AはXZ平面における断面図、図6BはXY平面への投影図である。また、図7は本実施形態のオフセットパラボラアンテナの電気的特性を表す説明図である。
この中間位置とは、パラボラ反射鏡1の放物面に沿った位置の中間点であっても良いし、開口角中心点Pと開口面中心点Oを結ぶ直線の中間点であっても良い。
次に、一次放射器20のビーム中心軸を開口角中心点Pから開口面中心点Oに向けて徐々に上方に傾けていくと、パラボラ反射鏡1の上端Bから一次放射器20の指向範囲の外側限界付近が徐々に上方にはみ出るので、パラボラ反射鏡1の背後からの受信雑音の一部を遮蔽することができなくなり、アンテナ雑音温度は次第に増大する。
そして、一次放射器20のビーム中心軸が開口面中心点Oに向いた時は、一次放射器20は反射波を効率よく受信することができるようになり、アンテナ利得は略最大値を示す。
次に、アンテナ性能指数(G/T)に着目する。
一次放射器20のビーム中心軸を開口角中心点Pから開口面中心点Oに向けて徐々に傾けていくと、アンテナ性能指数(G/T)は、徐々に向上していき、途中から徐々に低下していく傾向にあることがわかる。
上記実施形態の一次放射器20の指向性能は、その指向範囲がパラボラ反射鏡1の開口角と略同じ大きさとなるように構成されており、しかも、その指向特性は指向範囲の限界及びその外側における受信電力が、一次放射器20が受信する最大受信電力より設定値だけ低くなるように構成されており、この設定値は上述の如く15dBであるのが望ましいが、量産性を考慮するならば、部分的には15dBを超えて10~15dBの範囲があっても良い。
Claims (2)
- 鏡面が放物面の一部を切り出した形状を有する楕円形のパラボラ反射鏡と、一次放射器と、前記一次放射器を支持して前記パラボラ反射鏡の焦点位置に固定する支持アームと、を備えたオフセットパラボラアンテナにおいて、
前記一次放射器は、
その指向範囲内で受信電力が最大となるビーム中心軸が、
前記パラボラ反射鏡の焦点に集波される電波の到来方向から前記パラボラ反射鏡を見たとき、その開口面の中心を通る軸線にて示される前記パラボラ反射鏡の鏡面位置である開口面中心点と、
前記パラボラ反射鏡の長径方向の両端と前記パラボラ反射鏡の焦点とを結ぶ2直線がなす開口角を2等分したとき、その2等分線にて示される前記パラボラ反射鏡の鏡面位置である開口角中心点と、
の間の略中心位置を向くように、前記支持アームに固定されていることを特徴とするオフセットパラボラアンテナ。 - 前記一次放射器の指向性能は、前記指向範囲が前記パラボラ反射鏡の開口角と略同じ大きさとなるように構成されており、しかも、その指向特性は、前記指向範囲の限界及びその外側における受信電力が、前記指向範囲内の最大受信電力に比べて設定値だけ低くなるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のオフセットパラボラアンテナ。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2009801144233A CN102138253A (zh) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | 偏置抛物面天线 |
JP2010509217A JP5266314B2 (ja) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | オフセットパラボラアンテナ |
US12/988,578 US20110037674A1 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | Offset parabola antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008113020 | 2008-04-23 | ||
JP2008-113020 | 2008-04-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009131177A1 true WO2009131177A1 (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
Family
ID=41216906
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2009/058076 WO2009131177A1 (ja) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | オフセットパラボラアンテナ |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110037674A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5266314B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102138253A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009131177A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102427169B (zh) * | 2011-08-30 | 2014-11-26 | 四川大学 | 微波合束发射装置 |
CN104579387A (zh) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 健富塑胶五金制品(东莞)有限公司 | 一种增强型卫星信号接收器 |
CN110334480B (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-11-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | 用于降低噪声温度的双偏置天线副面扩展曲面设计方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990006004A1 (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-05-31 | Crooks Michell Peacock Stewart (Qld) Pty. Limited | Offset parabolic reflector antenna |
GB2242072A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1991-09-18 | C S Antennas Ltd | Reflector antenna |
JPH11103214A (ja) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-13 | Dx Antenna Co Ltd | パラボラアンテナ |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3696435A (en) * | 1970-11-24 | 1972-10-03 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Offset parabolic reflector antenna |
JPS63275209A (ja) * | 1987-05-06 | 1988-11-11 | Maspro Denkoh Corp | Shf受信用パラボラアンテナ用の一次放射器 |
JP3844885B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-27 | 2006-11-15 | Dxアンテナ株式会社 | オフセットパラボラアンテナ |
US6188372B1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-02-13 | Channel Master Llc | Antenna with molded integral polarity plate |
CN101026264A (zh) * | 2007-03-09 | 2007-08-29 | 电子科技大学 | 喇叭馈源 |
-
2009
- 2009-04-23 WO PCT/JP2009/058076 patent/WO2009131177A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-04-23 JP JP2010509217A patent/JP5266314B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-23 US US12/988,578 patent/US20110037674A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-04-23 CN CN2009801144233A patent/CN102138253A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990006004A1 (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-05-31 | Crooks Michell Peacock Stewart (Qld) Pty. Limited | Offset parabolic reflector antenna |
GB2242072A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1991-09-18 | C S Antennas Ltd | Reflector antenna |
JPH11103214A (ja) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-13 | Dx Antenna Co Ltd | パラボラアンテナ |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
YAMADA ET AL.: "Tei Sidelobe 2 Shuha Kyoyo Offset Parabola Antenna", DENSHI TSUSHIN GAKKAI GIJUTSU KENKYU HOKOKU, vol. 82, no. 135, 24 September 1982 (1982-09-24), pages 33 - 38 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110037674A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
JPWO2009131177A1 (ja) | 2011-08-18 |
JP5266314B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
CN102138253A (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2013168319A1 (ja) | アンテナ装置およびアンテナ装置の取りつけ方法 | |
US8102324B2 (en) | Sub-reflector of a dual-reflector antenna | |
EP2912719B1 (en) | Communication arrangement | |
US7075492B1 (en) | High performance reflector antenna system and feed structure | |
US6184840B1 (en) | Parabolic reflector antenna | |
Theron et al. | The design of the MeerKAT dish optics | |
WO2014103092A1 (ja) | アンテナ装置 | |
JP5266314B2 (ja) | オフセットパラボラアンテナ | |
TWI449445B (zh) | 束波調整裝置 | |
JP3607825B2 (ja) | マルチビームアンテナ | |
JP5337621B2 (ja) | 衛星放送・地上デジタル放送兼用アンテナ | |
JP2008187628A (ja) | 展開アンテナ | |
KR101032190B1 (ko) | 유전체 장하혼 및 이를 이용한 이중 반사판 안테나 | |
JP4976533B2 (ja) | アンテナ | |
JP3925494B2 (ja) | 電波レンズアンテナ装置 | |
KR101727961B1 (ko) | 위성신호 통신 장치 | |
JP4510868B2 (ja) | パラボナアンテナ用一次放射器、ローノイズ・ブロックダウン・コンバータおよび衛星受信用アンテナ装置 | |
CN221379742U (zh) | 一种新型角锥喇叭天线 | |
KR102023959B1 (ko) | 파라볼라 안테나 | |
JP4512279B2 (ja) | アンテナ | |
JP4083848B2 (ja) | パラボラアンテナ | |
US7102583B1 (en) | Multi-band antenna having a reflector | |
WO2015100540A1 (zh) | 双反射面微波天线 | |
JP2008109456A (ja) | アンテナ装置 | |
JP6537387B2 (ja) | フィードーム及び可搬式パラボラアンテナ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980114423.3 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09735219 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12988578 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2010509217 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 4324/KOLNP/2010 Country of ref document: IN |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 09735219 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |