WO2009122509A1 - デジタル信号処理光送信装置 - Google Patents
デジタル信号処理光送信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009122509A1 WO2009122509A1 PCT/JP2008/056364 JP2008056364W WO2009122509A1 WO 2009122509 A1 WO2009122509 A1 WO 2009122509A1 JP 2008056364 W JP2008056364 W JP 2008056364W WO 2009122509 A1 WO2009122509 A1 WO 2009122509A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
- H04B10/505—Laser transmitters using external modulation
- H04B10/5059—Laser transmitters using external modulation using a feed-forward signal generated by analysing the optical or electrical input
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/564—Power control
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical transmission apparatus applied to an error correction optical communication system, and more particularly to a digital signal processing optical transmission apparatus that generates a transmission optical signal by a digital signal processing circuit.
- chromatic dispersion of an optical fiber can be cited as a factor that hinders an increase in the bit rate of an optical transmission system.
- Chromatic dispersion is that the propagation speed in an optical fiber differs depending on the wavelength, which causes a difference in the time at which different wavelength components included in the signal reach the receiving end, and the waveform of the transmitted optical signal is distorted. It will be.
- the amount of waveform distortion in this case is proportional to the square of the bit rate.
- the amount of waveform distortion generated when an optical signal of 10 Gb / s is transmitted to the optical fiber is 100 Gb / s in the same optical fiber.
- the amount of waveform distortion when transmitting an optical signal is 100 times. Therefore, the distance over which an optical signal of 100 Gb / s can be transmitted with an optical fiber having the same dispersion characteristic is 1/100 that of an optical signal of 10 Gb / s.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a dispersion compensation method using digital signal processing has been proposed as a relatively new conventional method (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).
- the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 is a method for eliminating waveform distortion after transmission by calculating a transmission data sequence in advance with a transfer function having a characteristic opposite to that of an optical fiber in digital signal processing on the transmission side. Is called pre-distortion (or pre-equalization).
- Non-Patent Document 2 applies orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) to optical communication, maps a transmission data sequence to multi-valued symbols, and then performs discrete inverse Fourier transform. By this, it is a method of converting into a plurality of subcarrier modulations. In this case, the speed is divided by the number of subcarriers, and the symbol rate decreases. For example, when divided into 10 subcarriers, the waveform distortion due to dispersion is reduced to 1/100.
- OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional digital signal processing optical transmitter using predistortion.
- the digital signal processing optical transmission device analogizes the digital signal processing circuit (Digital Signal Processing: DSP) 2 that performs predistortion calculation based on the information source 1 and the digital signal calculated by the digital signal processing circuit 2.
- DSP Digital Signal Processing
- D / A converters 3a and 3b that convert signals, a laser device (hereinafter referred to as "laser diode”) 4 that generates laser light, and a real part and an imaginary part are modulated independently to output a transmission optical signal 6
- the optical vector modulator 5 is provided.
- the information source 1 is input to the digital signal processing circuit 2 in a state of being expanded in parallel so that the digital signal can be easily processed.
- the digital signal processing circuit 2 includes a transversal filter including a delay element, a multiplier, and an adder, and a lookup table.
- the digital signal processing circuit 2 performs arithmetic processing on the information source 1 and outputs a digital signal.
- the digital signal processing circuit 2 performs a convolution operation with the inverse function of the dispersion of the optical fiber for each of the real part and the imaginary part. For example, as shown by a plurality of arrows, a 6-bit digital signal is generated. Calculated.
- the digital signal from the digital signal processing circuit 2 is converted into an analog signal by the D / A converters 3a and 3b.
- the D / A converter 3a converts the digital signal of the real part into an analog signal
- the D / A converter 3b converts the digital signal of the imaginary part into an analog signal.
- the optical vector modulator 5 modulates the laser light (DC light) from the laser diode 4 with each analog signal from the D / A converters 3 a and 3 b, and converts the modulated optical signal to the transmission optical signal 6.
- the transmission waveform is distorted in advance so that the transmission optical signal 6 returns to the original state due to the waveform distortion caused by the dispersion of the optical fiber, which is called predistortion.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the waveform of the transmission optical signal 6 controlled by the conventional digital signal processing optical transmission apparatus (FIG. 5).
- FIG. 6A shows a waveform when the amount of dispersion to be compensated is large, and a peak with a large amplitude occurs at a certain frequency.
- D / A conversion is performed with the peak of the calculation result as the upper limit, so the average optical power to be transmitted changes depending on the power ratio (Peak to Average Power Ratio: PAPR) between the peak and the average.
- PAPR Peak to Average Power Ratio
- FIG. 6A since the largest amplitude is assigned to the most significant bit of the digital signal and the smaller amplitude is assigned to the lower order bit, the average power decreases as a result (power ratio PAPR ⁇ 6).
- FIG. 6B shows a waveform when the amount of dispersion to be compensated is zero, which is the waveform itself representing the original information source in binary NRZ. In this case, the average power is half of the peak power.
- dispersion compensation is performed when the average power is small as shown in FIG. 6A or when the average power is 1 ⁇ 2 of the peak as shown in FIG.
- the average power changes depending on the amount
- the average optical power of the transmission optical signal 6 becomes extremely small when the dispersion compensation amount (that is, the power ratio PAPR) is large.
- the required signal-to-noise ratio (S / N ratio) cannot be obtained, and even if dispersion compensation is performed at the receiving end, the S / N ratio of the transmission optical signal 6 does not reach the required value, resulting in bit errors. There was a problem.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a digital signal processing optical transmission apparatus that avoids a decrease (or fluctuation) in the average power of a transmission optical signal depending on a change in dispersion compensation amount. For the purpose.
- a digital signal processing optical transmitter includes a digital signal processing circuit that outputs a digital signal based on an information source, a D / A converter that converts a digital signal into an analog signal, a laser device that generates laser light, and an analog
- An optical modulator that modulates the laser beam based on the signal, an average power calculating means that calculates an average power control signal, and an optical signal that is proportional to the average power in response to the average power control signal.
- Optical power variable means for controlling the modulated light output from the modulator, and the average power calculation means controls the optical power variable means so that the average power of the transmission optical signal is constant.
- the present invention it is possible to avoid a decrease or fluctuation in the average value of the transmission optical signal power due to a change in the dispersion compensation amount.
- Example 1 is a block diagram illustrating a digital signal processing optical transmitter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- Example 1 It is explanatory drawing which shows the waveform of the transmission optical signal controlled in Example 1 of this invention in contrast with the conventional waveform.
- Example 1 It is a block diagram which shows the digital signal processing optical transmitter which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.
- Example 2 It is a block diagram which shows the digital signal processing optical transmitter which concerns on Example 3 of this invention.
- Example 3) It is a block diagram which shows the conventional digital signal processing optical transmitter. It is explanatory drawing which shows the waveform of the transmission optical signal controlled by the conventional digital signal processing optical transmission apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a digital signal processing optical transmission apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the same components as those described above (see FIG. 5) are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above. The description is omitted.
- the digital signal processing optical transmitter calculates an average power control signal in addition to the digital signal processing circuit 2, the D / A converters 3a and 3b, the laser diode 4 and the optical vector modulator 5 similar to those described above.
- Average power calculation means 30 and optical power variable means 31 inserted on the output side of the optical vector modulator 5 and responding to the average power control signal are provided.
- optical vector modulator 5 is used in the same manner as described above, the same operation and effect can be obtained by using, for example, a polar coordinate modulator as another optical modulator. The same applies to other embodiments described later.
- the optical power varying unit 31 controls the modulated light output from the optical vector modulator so that the transmission optical signal 32 is proportional to the average power in response to the average power control signal.
- the average power calculation means 30 integrates digital signals sent from the digital signal processing circuit 2 to the D / A converters 3a and 3b for a certain period of time, calculates an average power control signal corresponding to the average power of the digital signal, and transmits light.
- the optical power varying means 31 is controlled so that the average power of the signal 32 is constant.
- the average power calculation means 30 integrates the digital signals sent to the D / A converters 3a and 3b for a certain period of time, calculates the average value (average power) of the digital signals, An average power control signal commensurate with the average power is output.
- the optical power varying means 31 is composed of an attenuator (variable optical attenuator: VOA) capable of varying the insertion loss in accordance with the applied voltage of the average power control signal, and the average power control signal output from the average power calculating means 30 Output control is performed so that the transmission optical signal 32 is proportional to (average value).
- VOA variable optical attenuator
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the waveform control operation of the transmission optical signal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- (A ′) and (b ′) are transmission light using the average power calculation means 30 and the optical power variable means 31
- the waveform of the signal 32 is shown.
- 2A and 2B are the same as the conventional waveforms (FIGS. 6A and 6B), and are shown for comparison with the control according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the waveform of FIG. 2 (b ′) according to the present invention is the same as the conventional waveform of FIG. 2 (b).
- (a ′) shows a waveform in which the average value (one-dot chain line) is controlled to be constant by the average power calculating means 30 and the optical power varying means 31, and (b ′) when the dispersion compensation amount is zero.
- the average value of the waveform of (b ′) is the same as (a ′). That is, the average power (average value: one-dot chain line) of the transmission optical signal is constant regardless of the difference in peak power (broken line) that occurs due to the difference in dispersion compensation amount, so that the transmission light always has the same S / N ratio.
- the signal 32 can be transmitted, and stable transmission characteristics can be obtained. If the above control is not performed, transmission is performed with an unnecessarily low average power as in the conventional waveform of FIG. 2A, and the S / N ratio is significantly deteriorated, thereby realizing stable transmission. I can't.
- the digital signal processing optical transmitter includes the digital signal processing circuit 2 that outputs a digital signal based on the information source 1, and the D / A converter that converts the digital signal into an analog signal.
- a calculating means 30 and an optical power variable means 31 for controlling the modulated light output from the optical vector modulator 5 so as to be a transmission optical signal 32 proportional to the average power in response to the average power control signal.
- the average power calculation means 30 integrates ( ⁇ ) the digital signals sent from the digital signal processing circuit 2 to the D / A converters 3a and 3b for a certain period of time, and calculates an average power control signal corresponding to the average power of the digital signals.
- the optical power varying means 31 is controlled so that the average power of the transmitted optical signal 32 is constant.
- the optical power varying means 31 is composed of a variable attenuator.
- Example 2 In the first embodiment (FIG. 1), the average power calculation means 30 based on the digital signal from the digital signal processing circuit 2 is used. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the transmission optical signal from the optical power variable means 31 is used. You may use the average power calculation means 51 which monitors and calculates an average power control signal.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a digital signal processing optical transmitter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Components similar to those described above (see FIG. 1) are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. .
- an optical branching unit 50 such as a beam splitter is provided on the output terminal side of the optical power varying unit 31.
- the optical branching unit 50 branches the transmission optical signal 52 from the optical power varying unit 31 and inputs the branched optical signal to the average power calculating unit 51.
- the average power calculation means 51 is composed of, for example, a photodiode and an integration circuit.
- the average power calculation unit 51 monitors the transmission optical signal 52 output from the optical power variable unit 31 via the optical branching unit 50, and calculates an average power control signal based on the branched optical signal. Thereby, the average power calculation means 51 controls the optical power variable means 31 so that the average power of the transmission optical signal 52 becomes constant.
- an optical branching unit 50 and an average power calculating unit 51 having a photodiode and an integrating circuit are provided on the output side of the optical power varying unit 31, and based on the integration of the branched optical signal of the transmission optical signal 52. Even if the optical power varying means 31 is controlled by the average power control signal, the average power of the transmission optical signal 52 can be controlled to be constant as in the first embodiment.
- the optical power variable means 31 composed of a variable attenuator is used.
- an optical amplifier (AMP) having an output variable function is used.
- the configured optical power varying means 61 may be used.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a digital signal processing optical transmitter according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Components similar to those described above (see FIG. 2) are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. .
- the optical power varying means 61 formed of an optical amplifier is applied in the configuration of the second embodiment (FIG. 3).
- the present invention can also be applied to the configuration of the first embodiment (FIG. 1). Needless to say.
- the optical power varying means 61 is composed of an optical amplifier having an output varying function.
- the transmission optical signal 62 output from the optical power varying unit 61 is branched by the optical branching unit 50 and input to the average power calculating unit 51 as described above.
- the average power calculation means 51 calculates an average power control signal based on the branched optical signal, and controls the pump power of the optical power variable means (optical amplifier) 61 so that the average power of the transmission optical signal 62 is constant. .
- the average power of the transmission optical signal 62 can be controlled to be constant as in the first and second embodiments. The effect of this can be achieved.
- the digital signal processing optical transmission apparatus using the predistortion method has been described as an example.
- a transmission optical signal can be obtained.
- the effect of making the average power constant can be obtained.
- a discrete inverse Fourier transform circuit of an OFDM transmitter may be used instead of the digital signal processing circuit 2 in FIG.
- the digital signal processing optical transmitter according to the present invention can be used for a transmitter that performs dispersion compensation in an optical transmission system.
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Abstract
Description
非特許文献1に記載の方法は、送信側のデジタル信号処理において、あらかじめ送信データ系列を光ファイバと逆特性の伝達関数で演算することにより、伝送後に波形歪みが解消するようにする方法であり、プリディストーション(または、予等化)と呼ばれている。
図5は、従来のプリディストーションによるデジタル信号処理光送信装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
情報源1は、デジタル信号に演算処理しやすいように、並列展開された状態でデジタル信号処理回路2に入力される。
このとき、デジタル信号処理回路2においては、光ファイバの分散の逆関数との畳み込み演算が、実数部および虚数部のそれぞれについて施され、たとえば、複数の矢印で示すように6ビットのデジタル信号が演算される。
ここで、D/Aコンバータ3aは、実数部のデジタル信号をアナログ信号に変換し、D/Aコンバータ3bは、虚数部のデジタル信号をアナログ信号に変換する。
このとき、光ファイバの分散で受ける波形歪みによって、送信光信号6が元に戻るように、あらかじめ送信波形を歪ませるので、プリディストーションと呼ばれている。
図6(a)は補償する分散量が大きい場合の波形であり、ある頻度で振幅が大きなピークが発生している。
一方、図6(b)は補償する分散量がゼロの場合の波形であり、元の情報源を2値NRZで表した波形そのものである。この場合、平均パワーは、ピークパワーの半分である。
以下、図面を参照しながら、この発明の実施例1について詳細に説明する。なお、以下の実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。
図1は、この発明の実施例1に係るデジタル信号処理光送信装置の構成例を示すブロック図であり、前述(図5参照)と同様のものについては、前述と同一符号を付して詳述を省略する。
光パワー可変手段31は、平均パワー制御信号に応答して、平均パワーに比例した送信光信号32となるように、光ベクトル変調器から出力される変調光を制御する。
平均パワー算出手段30は、デジタル信号処理回路2の演算結果に基づき、D/Aコンバータ3a、3bに送られるデジタル信号を一定時間積算して、デジタル信号の平均値(平均パワー)を算出し、平均パワーに見合った平均パワー制御信号を出力する。
図2(a)、(b)は、従来波形(図6(a)、(b))と同一であり、この発明の実施例1による制御と対比するために示している。また、この発明による図2(b’)の波形は、図2(b)の従来波形と同一である。
仮に、上記制御を行わなければ、図2(a)の従来波形のように、不要に低い平均パワーで伝送することになり、著しくS/N比が劣化して、安定した伝送を実現することはできない。
これにより、分散補償量の変化に依存した送信光信号32の平均パワーの低下や変動を回避して、常に同じS/N比で送信光信号32を伝送することができ、安定した伝送特性を実現したデジタル信号処理光送信装置を得ることができる。
なお、上記実施例1(図1)では、デジタル信号処理回路2からのデジタル信号に基づく平均パワー算出手段30を用いたが、図3のように、光パワー可変手段31からの送信光信号をモニタして平均パワー制御信号を算出する平均パワー算出手段51を用いてもよい。
図3において、光パワー可変手段31の出力端子側には、ビームスプリッタなどの光分岐手段50が設けられている。
光分岐手段50は、光パワー可変手段31からの送信光信号52を分岐して、分岐光信号を平均パワー算出手段51に入力する。
平均パワー算出手段51は、光分岐手段50を介して、光パワー可変手段31から出力される送信光信号52をモニタし、分岐光信号に基づいて平均パワー制御信号を算出する。
これにより、平均パワー算出手段51は、送信光信号52の平均パワーが一定となるように、光パワー可変手段31を制御する。
なお、上記実施例1、2(図1、図3)では、可変アッテネータで構成された光パワー可変手段31を用いたが、図4のように、出力可変機能を有する光増幅器(AMP)で構成された光パワー可変手段61を用いてもよい。
なお、ここでは、代表的に、実施例2(図3)の構成において、光増幅器からなる光パワー可変手段61を適用したが、実施例1(図1)の構成においても適用可能なことは言うまでもない。
この場合、光パワー可変手段61から出力される送信光信号62は、前述と同様に、光分岐手段50で分岐されて平均パワー算出手段51に入力される。
平均パワー算出手段51は、分岐光信号に基づいて平均パワー制御信号を算出し、送信光信号62の平均パワーが一定となるように、光パワー可変手段(光増幅器)61の励起パワーを制御する。
Claims (5)
- 情報源に基づくデジタル信号を出力するデジタル信号処理回路と、
前記デジタル信号をアナログ信号に変換するD/Aコンバータと、
レーザ光を発生するレーザ装置と、
前記アナログ信号に基づいて前記レーザ光を変調する光変調器と、
平均パワー制御信号を算出する平均パワー算出手段と、
前記平均パワー制御信号に応答して、前記平均パワーに比例した送信光信号となるように、前記光変調器から出力される変調光を制御する光パワー可変手段とを備え、
前記平均パワー算出手段は、前記送信光信号の平均パワーが一定となるように前記光パワー可変手段を制御することを特徴とするデジタル信号処理光送信装置。 - 前記平均パワー算出手段は、前記デジタル信号処理回路から前記D/Aコンバータに送られるデジタル信号を一定時間積算して、前記デジタル信号の平均パワーに対応した平均パワー制御信号を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデジタル信号処理光送信装置。
- 前記平均パワー算出手段は、前記光パワー可変手段から出力される送信光信号をモニタして前記平均パワー制御信号を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデジタル信号処理光送信装置。
- 前記光パワー可変手段は、可変アッテネータにより構成されたことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載のデジタル信号処理光送信装置。
- 前記光パワー可変手段は、出力可変機能を有する光増幅器により構成されたことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載のデジタル信号処理光送信装置。
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CN200880128412.6A CN101981491B (zh) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-03-31 | 数字信号处理光发送装置 |
US12/920,851 US8396374B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-03-31 | Digital signal processing optical transmission apparatus |
EP08739477.1A EP2259128B1 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-03-31 | Digital signal processor-based optical transmitter |
JP2010505170A JP5289428B2 (ja) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-03-31 | デジタル信号処理光送信装置 |
PCT/JP2008/056364 WO2009122509A1 (ja) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-03-31 | デジタル信号処理光送信装置 |
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CN101981491B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
EP2259128B1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
EP2259128A4 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
US8396374B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
CN101981491A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2259128A1 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
US20110002693A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
JP5289428B2 (ja) | 2013-09-11 |
JPWO2009122509A1 (ja) | 2011-07-28 |
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