WO2009121163A1 - Procédé et appareil destiné au trafic en temps réel dans une infrastructure internet maillée sans fil - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil destiné au trafic en temps réel dans une infrastructure internet maillée sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009121163A1
WO2009121163A1 PCT/CA2009/000293 CA2009000293W WO2009121163A1 WO 2009121163 A1 WO2009121163 A1 WO 2009121163A1 CA 2009000293 W CA2009000293 W CA 2009000293W WO 2009121163 A1 WO2009121163 A1 WO 2009121163A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wireless
gateway
node
communication
wireless data
Prior art date
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PCT/CA2009/000293
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English (en)
Inventor
Dimitrios Hatzinakos
Liang Song
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Dimitrios Hatzinakos
Liang Song
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dimitrios Hatzinakos, Liang Song filed Critical Dimitrios Hatzinakos
Publication of WO2009121163A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009121163A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/22—Manipulation of transport tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/34—Modification of an existing route
    • H04W40/36—Modification of an existing route due to handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates the field to wireless communications, and more particularly to a method and system for providing roaming with a wireless mesh infrastructure.
  • Wireless mesh networking infrastructure has been researched as a promising means to resolve previous limitations.
  • Wireless mesh infrastructures typically comprise a plurality of access networks and a backhaul mesh network in the currently taught engineering practices.
  • the access networks are usually based on a standard such as WiFi (IEEE 802.11) to which mobile users connect by a standard supported by the base station and their equipment, such standards including 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.1 Ig for Doc No. 355-01 PCT
  • WiFi mesh networks which do not have direct Internet cable/fiber access and are interconnected to each other via multiple-hop wireless links within the backhaul mesh are deployed for wireless communication with the access network(s).
  • a smaller number of “gateways” which have direct connections such as Internet cable or fiber optic connections are coupled to the mesh network for forwarding user traffic collected from mesh stations to the Internet backbone, and vice versa.
  • commercial deployments of WiFi mesh networks are rolling out in a number of cities globally, including Taipei, Moscow, Toronto, Indianapolis, Philadelphia, San Francisco, etc.
  • Municipal and enterprise WiFi mesh networks are therefore expected to establish large broadband wireless Internet hot-zones in city areas.
  • L2 Link layer
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • VOIP Voice and Video over IP
  • L2 or L3 handoffs are taking place.
  • Establishing a new IP address from a mesh station or gateway may typically take from tens of seconds to a minute or two resulting in either a dropped call or an interrupted communication.
  • a method comprising: providing a first communication path between a first wireless data communication device and a network via a first communication node other than the first wireless data communication device, the first communication path for data communication; initiating a first data communication session using the first communication path; establishing a second communication path between the first wireless data communication device and the network via a second other communication node upon the first wireless data communication device being moved to an area covered by the second other communication node, the second communication path other than via the first communication node, the second communication path for data communication; switching the first data communication session from the first communication path to the second communication path such that the first data communication session is other than interrupted during switching from the first communication path to the second communication path comprising: maintaining at least a portion of the first communication path from the first communication node to the network while establishing the second communication path.
  • switching comprises forwarding via the second communication node to the first wireless data communication device data addressed for delivery to the first wireless data communication device and received at the first communication node at least until the second communication path is established.
  • communication from the first wireless data communication device is according to a second wireless communication standard and the first node is for communication with the network according to a network communication protocol and for wireless communication according to a first wireless communication standard, the wireless data communication device and the first node having a first mesh station within the first communication path therebetween; wherein the second node is for communication with the network according to a network communication protocol and for wireless communication according to the first communication standard, the wireless data Doc No. 355-01 PCT
  • a handoff for transferring the first data communication session from the first communication path to the second communication path is a network level (L3) handoff.
  • a method comprising: providing a first gateway supporting local wireless communication according to a first Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard wired network protocol to an operator home server associated with a provider of the first gateway; providing a second gateway supporting local wireless communication according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard wired network protocol to the first gateway and to an operator home server associated with a provider of the second gateway; providing a first interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to a second Wireless Local Area Network and wireless data communications according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard for communicating with the first gateway; providing a second interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to the second Wireless Local Area Network and wireless data communications according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard for communicating with the first gateway; providing a third interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to the second Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard
  • first gateway to a wireless communication path between the one of the second interconnect node and the third interconnect node and its associated gateway, the handoff performed absent terminating the first communication session.
  • a system comprising: a network comprising: a first gateway supporting local wireless communication according to a first Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard wired network protocol to an operator home server associated with a provider of the first gateway; a second gateway supporting local wireless communication according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard wired network protocol to the first gateway and to an operator home server associated with a provider of the second gateway; a first interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to a second Wireless Local Area Network and wireless data communications according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard for communicating with the first gateway; a second interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to the second Wireless Local Area Network and wireless data communications according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard for communicating with the first gateway; a third interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to the second Wireless
  • a method comprising: providing a first gateway supporting local wireless communication according to a first Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard wired network protocol to an operator home server associated with a provider of the first gateway; providing a second gateway supporting local wireless communication according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard wired network protocol to the first gateway and to an operator home server associated with a provider of the second gateway; providing a first interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to a second Wireless Local Area Network and wireless data communications according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard for communicating with the first gateway; providing a second interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to the second Wireless Local Area Network and wireless data communications according to the first Wireless Local Area Network standard for communicating with the first gateway; providing a third interconnect node for providing wireless communications to a plurality of wireless data communication devices according to the second Wireless Local Area Network standard and backhaul wired communication according to a standard
  • handoff between a current interconnect node and another of the second interconnect node and the third interconnect node during a first communication session of a first wireless data communication device for changing the communication path of the first communication session from a wireless communication path between the current interconnect node and the first gateway to a wireless communication path between the another of the second interconnect node and the third interconnect node and its associated gateway, the handoff performed absent terminating the first communication session.
  • FIG. 1 shows an illustration of wireless mesh infrastructure for broadband Internet access.
  • Figs. 2A through 2C provide simplified network diagrams for illustrating a Link layer (L2) handoff and the principle of seamless micro mobility management.
  • L2 Link layer
  • Figs. 3A through 3C provide simplified network diagrams for illustrating a network layer (L3) handoff, and the principle of seamless macro mobility management.
  • Fig. 4 shows the protocol stack of mesh stations, and the implementation of micro mobility management, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows the protocol stack of gateways, and the implementation of macro mobility management, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 an illustration of a wireless mesh infrastructure for broadband Internet access 100 is shown.
  • the infrastructure comprises of a plurality of mesh stations 101, and a plurality of gateways 102.
  • Mesh stations 101 are network Doc No. 355-01 PCT
  • mesh stations 101 provide wireless access for mobile users according to IEEE 802.11 standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). Further these mesh stations 101 are typically absent direct cable or optical fiber interconnections (i.e. wired interconnections) to the Internet backhaul network.
  • the gateways 102 are network equipment that has a direct wired Internet backhaul, e.g. by optical fiber or cable 104.
  • the mesh stations 101 and gateways 102 are typically interconnected to each other by wireless links, for example multi-hop wireless links, thereby forming the backhaul wireless mesh network, which can forward mobile user traffic to the Internet backbone 106, and vice versa. As such, the mesh stations 101 form interconnect nodes interconnecting gateways and wireless data communication devices.
  • the gateways 102 also provide for wireless Internet access networks.
  • a single system acts as a gateway 102 and as a mesh station 101.
  • FIGs. 2A through 2C there is shown simplified network diagrams for illustrating a Link layer (L2) handoff and associated micro-mobility management.
  • L2 Link layer
  • two communication nodes in the form of mesh stations 202 and 204 are both within a service coverage 201 of the gateway 200. Being within the service coverage 201 suggests that both mesh stations 202 and 204 forward mobile user traffic to a same corresponding gateway 200, if the mobile user operates in the IP-subnet governed by the gateway 200.
  • a mobile user 210 having a first wireless data communication device is engaged in a first communication session and is currently within the service area 203 of the first mesh station 202 and communication via a first communication path.
  • the mobile user 210 is associated with the first mesh station 202 by the access network 211.
  • the service area 203 is therefore defined by radio range as for example defined in access network standards.
  • the first mesh station 202 forwards user traffic from the mobile user 210 to the gateway 200 and the Internet backbone (not shown for clarity), and vice versa, by the multi-hop wireless backhaul mesh 212.
  • the mobile user 210 is moving along the track 213, which is Doc No. 355-0 I PCT
  • the required L2 handoff takes place when the mobile user 210 moves out of the service area 203, into the second service area 205 of the second mesh station 204.
  • the L2 handoff occurs because both first mesh station 202 and second mesh station 204 operate in the same service coverage 201 of an IP-subnet controlled by the gateway 200.
  • the mobile user 210 is associated to the second mesh station 204 via the access network 220.
  • the second mesh station 204 notifies the previous mesh station 202 by broadcasting some mobility control information.
  • the first mesh station 202 then forwards user traffic 221 from the gateway 200 to the second mesh station 204, and thereby to the mobile user 210. Therefore, mobile user service (traffic) is not interrupted in an L2 handoff.
  • the second mesh station 204 also signals the gateway 200, about the user roaming, via the multi-hop wireless backhaul mesh 222.
  • the procedure of the L2 handoff is then completed, as shown in Fig. 2C wherein a second communication path is operational for supporting the first communication session.
  • the second mesh station 204 forwards user traffic from the mobile user 210 to the gateway 200 and the Internet backbone, and vice versa, by the multi-hop wireless backhaul mesh 230.
  • Figs. 3 A through 3 C there are shown simplified network diagrams for illustrating a network layer (L3) handoff and associated macro-mobility management.
  • a first mesh station 304 is within the first service coverage 301 of a first communication node in the form of gateway 300
  • a second mesh station 306 is within the second service coverage 303 of a second communication node in the form of gateway 302.
  • a mobile user 311 having a first wireless data communication device is engaged in a first communication session and is currently in the first service coverage 301 of the first mesh station 304.
  • the mobile user 311 is therefore associated with the first mesh station 304, by the access network 313.
  • the first mesh station 304 forwards user traffic from the mobile user 311 to the first gateway 300 and the Internet backbone 309 and vice versa, by the multi-hop wireless backhaul mesh 314.
  • Doc No. 355-01 PCT Doc No. 355-01 PCT
  • the L3 handoff takes place when the mobile user 311 moves out of the first service coverage 301, into second service coverage 303 of second mesh station 306, since the first mesh station 304 and the second mesh station 306 operate in the different first and second service coverages 301 and 303, respectively, which each form part of different IP-subnets as defined by the first and second gateways 300 and 302, respectively.
  • the mobile user 311 is associated with the second mesh station 306 via access network 321.
  • the second mesh station 306 notifies the first mesh station 304 by broadcasting some mobility control information.
  • the first mesh station 304 then forwards user traffic 322 from the first gateway 300 to the second mesh station 306, for the mobile user 311.
  • the second mesh station 306 also forwards user traffic to the first gateway 300, when the old IP address is used. Therefore, the old IP address with the previous first gateway 300 remains usable by the mobile user 311 or by a mobile device of the mobile user 311, even before the establishment of a new IP address and authorization with the second gateway 302, i.e., in the new IP subnet. Therefore, mobile user service (traffic) is not interrupted during an L3 handoff.
  • timeouts for any existing communications with the mobile user 311 are also unlikely.
  • the mobile user 311 on receiving routine router advertisements in the new IP subnet, tries to acquire a new IP address as well as network authorization.
  • the second mesh station 306 forwards signaling to the second gateway 302, which authenticates and authorizes the mobile user 311, by querying the operator home server 308, via the Internet backbone 324.
  • the second gateway 302 assigns a new IP address to the mobile user 311 in the current IP subnet.
  • the second gateway 302 notifies the previous first gateway 300 about the user mobility, via the Internet backbone 325.
  • the second mesh station 306 forwards user traffic from the mobile user 311 to the second gateway 302 and the Internet backbone 309, and vice versa, by the multi-hop wireless backhaul mesh 321. Should additional traffic be misdirected to the first gateway 300, optionally it is forwarded to the second gateway 302 therefrom.
  • System Bridge 401 is a system bridge layer for these mesh stations, which interfaces the access network switch with the backhaul mesh.
  • Medium Access Control (MAC) 402 represents a layer of an access network switch
  • Physical 403 represents a physical layer of the access network switch.
  • OSI Open System Interconnect
  • LAN Local Area Networks
  • OSI-LANs with wireless access links include IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16.
  • Backhaul Wireless Mesh Link 404 Also interconnected to the System Bridge.
  • this is based on a backhaul wireless mesh technology, such as taught by Liang Song, "Methods and Apparatus of Opportunistic Wireless Mesh Networking with Low Power Nodes” (US Patent Application 60/846,332), incorporated herein by reference.
  • MAC Packet 410 shows a construction embodiment of a MAC layer packet transmitted from a LAN. This is packed as a backhaul mesh payload and sent by the Backhaul Mesh Wireless Link 404. A destination MAC address is extracted from the MAC header, in order to determine destination mesh address. First, the system bridge 401 searches in a Local Table 420. If the destination MAC address appears in the Local Table 420, then the destination mesh address is found in the same entry. If the destination MAC address is not found, the mesh payload is sent to a gateway associated with the mesh station.
  • the system bridge 401 On receiving a backhaul mesh payload 410, which is determined as a packed MAC payload, the system bridge 401 forwards the MAC payload to the access switch, if the destination MAC address is in the current LAN. Otherwise, the system bridge checks the Local Table 420. If the destination MAC address is found in Local Table 420, then the mesh payload is further forwarded to the corresponding mesh address. If the destination MAC address is not found, the mesh payload is dropped. Doc No. 355-01 PCT
  • the Local Table 420 is an address mapping table maintained locally at each mesh station.
  • the Local Table 420 is optionally utilized to support the handoffs of mobile users.
  • the system bridge 401 broadcasts a mobility management notice.
  • the system bridge 401 of a mesh station previously associated with the mobile user inserts an entry in its Local Table 420, corresponding to the mobile LAN user.
  • a time stamp is also set up, which decides the time period that the mesh station will forward MAC packets for the mobile user.
  • MAC packets are forwarded until their frequency is below a predetermined frequency. Further alternatively, MAC packets are forwarded into receipt of a signal to stop forwarding of same.
  • the Protocol Stack 500 comprises Application 501, Transport 502, Network - IP Router 503, and Link Logic Control 504 layers.
  • IP protocol is utilized as the Network - IP Router 503 layer protocol.
  • System Bridge 505 of a gateway interfaces the Internet router with a wireless backhaul mesh network via Backhaul Wireless Mesh Link 509.
  • Media Access Control (MAC) layer 507 and Physical Layer 508 of the router are optionally general link technologies - known technologies.
  • MAME Macro Mobility Management Entity
  • MAME Macro Mobility Management Entity
  • MAME 506 is optionally used for router access control and macro-mobility management (L3 roaming).
  • the backhaul wireless mesh link 509 is optionally based on known backhaul wireless mesh technologies as noted above or, alternatively, is a custom backhaul wireless mesh link.
  • the format of mesh payload 510 employed within the gateways is typically the same as the backhaul mesh payload 410 of the mesh stations as presented with reference to Fig. 4.
  • Locally managed address mapping table 520 which is optionally updated by MAME through the interface, comprises additional fields relating to router IP address and user IP address.
  • the system bridge 505 On receiving a backhaul mesh payload 510, which is determined to be a packed MAC payload, the system bridge 505 first examines the source MAC address. If Doc No. 355-01 PCT
  • the system bridge 505 communicates with the MAME 506 deciding the identity of the source MAC. If the source MAC is authenticated or determined to be an authenticated mobile user from another subnet, the System Bridge 505 inserts another entry about the source user in the local address mapping table 520, including the user IP address, the user MAC address, the mesh address of the mesh station associated with the user, and the local router IP address. In an embodiment, the MAME 506 assigns a new IP address to the mobile user. If the source user is determined to be an authenticated mobile user coming from another subnet, the MAME 506 optionally contacts the MAME 506 of the another subnet router on the user macro-mobility via TCP/IP over Internet backbone.
  • the MAME 506 of the another subnet router On receiving the macro-mobility notice, the MAME 506 of the another subnet router optionally sets its own local address mapping table 520, by updating the user IP address, router IP address, and the mesh address of the mesh station associated with the user.
  • the aforementioned another MAME 506 optionally also sets up a time stamp in the entry of the local address mapping table 520, which determines the time period that the router will forward IP packets for the roaming mobile user.
  • IP packets are forwarded until their frequency is below a predetermined frequency. Further alternatively, IP packets are forwarded into receipt of a signal to stop forwarding of same.
  • the system bridge 505 updates the mesh address of the corresponding source entry. Thereafter, the system bridge 505 examines the destination MAC address of received mesh payloads. If the destination MAC address appears in the local address mapping table 520, the system bridge 505 forwards the mesh payload to the destination mesh address, via backhaul wireless mesh networks. If the destination MAC address is not found in the local address mapping table 520, the MAC payload is then forwarded to the Link Logic Control 504.
  • the system bridge 505 On receiving a MAC payload from the link logic control 504, the system bridge 505 determines whether the destination MAC address is in the local address mapping table 520. If the destination MAC address is in the local address mapping table 520, the system bridge 505 packs the MAC payload as a mesh payload 510, by filling the Doc No. 355-01 PCT
  • the MAC payload is forwarded to the medium access control 507.
  • the system bridge 505 On receiving a MAC payload from the medium access control 507, the system bridge 505 directly forwards the MAC payload to the link logic control 504.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé destiné à transférer une session de communication sans fil associée à un dispositif sans fil. Le procédé concerne un réseau maillé comprenant des passerelles interconnectées par un réseau d’amenée et chaque passerelle comporte des nœuds maillés associés à celui-ci. Une procédure de relais gère le transfert des fonctions de trafic et de gestion d’un nœud maillé vers un autre conformément à l’un quelconque des premier et second protocoles. Le premier protocole est, par exemple, un transfert de niveau de lien se rapportant au scénario dans lequel le dispositif sans fil se déplace entre les nœuds maillés associés à une même passerelle. Le second protocole est, par exemple, un transfert de niveau de réseau se rapportant au dispositif sans fil se déplaçant depuis un premier nœud maillé associé à une première passerelle vers un second nœud maillé associé à une seconde autre passerelle.
PCT/CA2009/000293 2008-03-31 2009-03-09 Procédé et appareil destiné au trafic en temps réel dans une infrastructure internet maillée sans fil WO2009121163A1 (fr)

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KR101040556B1 (ko) 2009-11-26 2011-06-16 한국과학기술원 계층 최적화된 무선 메쉬 네트워크 및 그 구현방법
CN107864490A (zh) * 2016-09-21 2018-03-30 网件公司 分布式多频带无线网络系统中的客户端漫游
GB2568375A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-05-15 Motorola Solutions Inc Sidehaul minimization for a mobile device
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101040556B1 (ko) 2009-11-26 2011-06-16 한국과학기술원 계층 최적화된 무선 메쉬 네트워크 및 그 구현방법
US10498731B2 (en) 2014-07-04 2019-12-03 Alibaba Group Holding Limited Apparatus and method for controlling wireless network access and wireless data traffic
US10880891B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2020-12-29 Netgear, Inc. Roaming in a wireless mesh network
CN107864490A (zh) * 2016-09-21 2018-03-30 网件公司 分布式多频带无线网络系统中的客户端漫游
GB2568375A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-05-15 Motorola Solutions Inc Sidehaul minimization for a mobile device
GB2568375B (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-12-18 Motorola Solutions Inc Sidehaul minimization for a mobile device

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