Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
  • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
  • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
  • H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
  • H01Q1/3241—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems particular used in keyless entry systems
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
  • B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
  • B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
  • B60R25/245—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user where the antenna reception area plays a role
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
  • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
  • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
  • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
  • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
  • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

• Passive wireless access system with a location system and method of making and operating the system
• the invention relates to a passive wireless access system with a location system and a method for manufacturing and operating the system.
• the passive wireless access system with location system has a location to be located with a sensor for a three-dimensional detection of electromagnetic field strengths in the long-wave range. Further, the system has a space with anglesbe publishedung in which a plurality of spaced antennas are attached ⁇ arranged, which are designed for the long wave range. Furthermore, the positioning system has a control unit, which interacts with the antennas and, when activated, initiates a time-staggered emission of electromagnetic fields in the long-wave range.
• the passive wireless access system 3 allows access to a vehicle 23.
• radiated by antennas which are mounted within the vehicle 23 or on the vehicle 23, electromagnetic fields in the long-wave range.
• the access system 3 in this example detects an inside area 20 of the vehicle and five outside areas around the vehicle 23.
• Antennas at different antenna positions comprise a first outside area 14 on the driver side, a further outside area 15 on the passenger side, an outside area 16 in the area of a driver side rear door and an outside area 17 in the area of a passenger side rear door of the vehicle 23. nenposition provided to allow the trunk area 18 and access to a tailgate 36.
• an identity transmitter 7 which approaches the vehicle 23 to a detection position 40 from a remote position 39 with an authorized person 38, it can be ascertained in which outer area 14 to 18 the authorized person 38 is , and a corresponding access 24 for a region eg 14 can be released.
• an identity code is emitted by the identity transmitter 7, but the identity transmitter 7 also has a measuring sensor 8 with which the electric field strength in the long wave range is measured three-dimensionally.
• the identity transmitter 7 also has a measuring sensor 8 with which the electric field strength in the long wave range is measured three-dimensionally.
• three orthogonal inductances are arranged in the identity transmitter 7 in the spatial coordinates x, y and z.
• the measuring sensor 8 detects the electric field strength in the three spatial coordinates x, y and z of the respective transmitting antenna.
• a predetermined threshold value is exceeded, the access 24 is released when the authorized person 38 or their identity provider 7 is in a registration position 40.
• the control unit not shown here within the vehicle 23 trigger several access functions, such as the release of the access 24, the release of an immobilizer or the release of a starting device for the vehicle 23.
• the clearances or blocking of such functions are dependent on whether the access authorized person 38 with the identity transmitter 7 in one of the outdoor areas 14 to 18 or indoor 20 reside.
• the Identitatsgeber 7 can as chip ⁇ map, as can be arranged as key as key fob, as part of a watch or a bracelet, as a remote control or as an implant in the body or in the vicinity of the body of authorized person 38 smart card.
• transmitting and receiving devices in the form of a control device and a plurality of spaced-apart antennas distributed in the vehicle interior region 20 are arranged in the vehicle interior region, so that by receiving the field strength of a specific antenna Position of the identity transmitter 7 can be determined from the respective antenna.
• the antennas are usually housed in different locations in the vehicle interior 20.
• the control apparatus transmits successively on the different inductive antennas requests and detects depending is received by which antenna of the response signal of the I dentitatsgebers 7, the position of the Identi ⁇ tatsgebers 7 in one of the outer regions 14 to 18 or at home suitable for indoor 20 of the vehicle 23.
• the required plurality of antennas 10 for the different outer regions 14 to 18, as shown in Figure 8, and the inner portions 19 and 21, as shown in Figure 9 requires a plurality of antenna cables that arranged under ⁇ differently antennas 10 with a corresponding Control unit or a corresponding base station in the vehicle 23 connect.
• the previous locating systems in which the identity transmitter 7 measures the field strength of long-wave signals, require a plurality of antennas 10 distributed widely in the vehicle 23. From the measured electric field strength of an emitted signal of an antenna 10 closed to the distance of the identity transmitter 7 to the respective transmitting antenna 10 and thus the Identitatsge- 7 associated with one of the areas 15 to 21. Partially overlapping areas also be used via an exclusion process even more accurate location of Identitatsge ⁇ bers 7 to realize.
• the object of the invention is to provide a passive wireless access system with a location system that reduces the expense of hardware and provides a low-cost passive wireless access system for a restricted area and yet allows reliable assignment of an identity to monitored different areas of a room.
• a passive wireless access system with a location system and a method for producing and operating the system comprises a to be localized identity tatsgeber with a sensor for detecting a three-dimensional electromagnetic field strengths in the long wave range. Furthermore, the system has an access restricted space in which a plurality of spaced antennas are arranged, which are designed for the long wave range. Furthermore, the location system has a Steuergerat which interacts with the antennas and, if required, causes a staggered emission of electromagnetic fields in the long-wave range. The antennas are integrated into the control unit to form a spatially compact alignment module.
• Such a passive wireless access system with a location system has the advantage that can be omitted by the compact locating module the previous diverse antenna feeders, for example, in the wiring harness of a vehicle or in the wiring of a restricted area.
• this system has the advantage of less susceptibility to electromagnetic sturfing.
• interference between the individual antenna feed lines, as can occur in a wiring harness or a wiring, is avoided.
• the spatially compact locating module also has the advantage that the reliability for the storage and processing of data can now be processed in direct interaction with the antennas of the locating module in a common Steuergerat.
• simplified assembly and positioning within a room is also a considerable cost advantage over the previously distributed distributed antenna arrangements.
• the tracking system detects whether the Identitatsgeber au ⁇ ßer Halb is disposed in predetermined areas outside or inside at predetermined interior areas of the room, although the distance between the individual antennas is reduced to a minimum within the compact positioning module.
• Preference ⁇ is thought in the access restricted space to the interior of a vehicle, however, the erfmdungsge- gease locating system for this passive wireless access system can also be used for an active access system, the detection of the location of a Identitatsgebers only upon confirmation, for example with the aid of a button or applicable to similar identity providers.
• the invented The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are not limited to vehicle technology alone, but can be used in many areas, such as data processing systems, building technology, monitoring technology, front doors, garage doors, and payment systems.
• this location system can also be used to securely detect a transceiver for mobile object monitoring to determine where and how often such an object is at a particular location.
• a pure access function such as the locking and unlocking of a Monsham ⁇ egelung
• an immobilizer is automatically deactivated, and when the vehicle gets up and left, the immobilizer is activated again and the door lock is automatically locked after closing the door and leaving the authorized person, for example if the identity transmitter is removed by a few Meters from the room.
• the location system for detecting the identity transmitter preferably has three antennas, wherein the antennas are arranged at a distance from one another and interact with the control unit.
• the three antennas can be arranged on side halves of an equilateral triangle, which is arranged in the locating module.
• these three An ⁇ antennas are arranged in a confined space with only a few centimeters in the locating module, the three distance vectors measure the m cooperation with the Identitatsgeber charged and can be transferred form an exact cut point defining the location of the Identitatsgebers.
• the Or ⁇ management system at least four antennas, wherein the antennas are arranged spaced from each other and cooperate with the Steuergerat.
• the antennas may be arranged on the median side of a square substrate, which is provided in the control unit.
• a square substrate can be formed by a printed circuit board on which the control unit is arranged and which has printed circuit traces which serve as antenna feed lines.
• the antennas themselves can also be fixed on such a circuit board.
• the antennas are arranged on the circuit board or on the substrate of the control unit in a common plane, there is a certain ambiguity for the location, since a clear assignment on the vertical space axis is not possible. This can be overcome by arranging the antennas in different levels of the control unit.
• For locating the identity transmitter has as measuring sensor on three measuring coils, which are mutually orthogonal and form a three-dimensional field strength vector in the three spatial coordinates x, y and z from the temporally staggered e- lektromagnetician radiation phases of the antennas.
• control unit is arranged with the antennas in Bodenbe ⁇ rich a vehicle center console between the seating positions of the vehicle, which is associated with the advantage that the ambiguity of the measurement results of the antennas 10 in a common plane is practically not effective.
• the control unit Since the field propagation and the field strength originating from the antenna array of the locating module originate from the construction of the surrounding space is affected, for example, by the Anlagenkaro- vocational, the control unit has a memory with a stored field propagation map of the individual antennas, which serve to correct the detection data of the sensor.
• a memory can also be accommodated in the identity transmitter in a further preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the memory is provided with a stored field propagation map of the individual antennas, which then serve to correct the detection data of the measuring sensor.
• a radiation of an electromagnetic field in the long wave range of a first antenna of an antenna array of a control device which is arranged with three spaced-apart antennas in an access-restricted space.
• the radiation takes place a three-dimensional detection of the field strength of the radiated electromagnetic field from a sensor in a Identitatsgeber and the formation of a first distance vector.
• an electromagnetic field in the long wave range is radiated from a second antenna of an antenna array, wherein the second antenna is spatially separated from the first antenna to ⁇ .
• a three-dimensional detection of the field strength of the radiated electromagnetic field from the sensor in the identity transmitter and the formation of a second distance vector is effected by a third antenna of an antenna array, wherein the third antenna is spatially spaced from the first and the second antenna.
• the position of the identity transmitter can be determined by vector addition of the three range vectors.
• This method has the advantage that an unambiguous assignment of the position of the identity transmitter can be detected in each of the intended outside and inside areas of a room.
• An alternative method for producing and operating a passive wireless auxiliary system with a positioning system has four antennas, and is performed with the following method steps ⁇ .
• the four antennas are arranged in pairs and a radiation of an electromagnetic field in the long wave range of a first antenna of a first pair of antennas by a control unit, which is arranged in ei ⁇ nem access restricted space performed.
• a three-dimensional detection of the field strength of the radiated electromagnetic field is performed by a sensor in an identity transmitter and the formation of a first distance vector.
• a three-dimensional detection of the field strength of the radiated electromagnetic field seen by the sensor in the identity transmitter and forming a second distance vector is connected.
• a distance ers ⁇ th intersection of the detected distances is formed.
• the first antenna pair results in a ring for the possible locations of the identity transmitter, which extends vertically to the propagation direction.
• deviations from a spherical spread results for the intersection of a distorted but closed ring.
• the radiation of an electromagnetic field in the long wave range of a first antenna of a second antenna pair which is arranged at an angle to the first pair of antennas.
• the field strength of the radiated electromagnetic field is detected three-dimensionally by the sensor in the identity transmitter and a third range vector is formed.
• the radiation of an electro ⁇ magnetic field in the long wave range is performed by a further antenna of the second antenna pair, wherein the
• Antennas of the second antenna pair are arranged at a distance from each other.
• the movable and remotely located identity transmitter With its sensor a three-dimensional detection of the field strength of the radiated electromagnetic field and thus the formation of a fourth distance vector.
• a second intersection of the detected distances from the third and fourth distance vector can now by superposition with the first intersection, two points of intersection, as discussed already be ⁇ above, are defined which indicate two possible positions of the Identitatsgebers.
• a suitable arrangement of a locating module for example in the floor area of the access-restricted room, the purely theoretical position, which is located below the room floor, can be excluded as locating result.
• an unambiguous position detection of the identity transmitter m can take place in the spatial axes x, y and z.
• the detection of egg ⁇ nem located in the interior of a vehicle positioning module thus takes place.
• the method detects whether the identity transmitter is outside or inside the room. Detecting the location of the identity giver out of the room may trigger the release of the access to the room without the need to insert any key or enter an access code.
• detection of the position of the identity transmitter within the room may release access related functions in the room, such as disabling a starter lock or releasing an immobilizer.
• the method comprises detecting a correlation between field strength and position of the identity transmitter in a field propagation map for each antenna.
• the data of this field propagation map is stored in a memory of the controller or in a memory of the identity transmitter for correcting the detection of the sensor.
• Such a field propagation map can be created as a pattern for individual different rooms or different vehicle models and can be read in preprogrammed in the memory of the control device or the identity transmitter. It is possible for multiple rooms or models also provide differing ⁇ che spreading maps, which then called in a matching step for the single model or read out sen.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a locating module
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram with a first antenna ⁇ few of the antenna array of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram with a second antenna pair of the antenna array according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram with the antenna array according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a locating module
• Antenna array for a passive wireless access system of a second embodiment of the invention is antenna array for a passive wireless access system of a second embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle with an expanded positioning module and antenna array according to FIG. 1;
• Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle with different detection ranges for drawing different functions
• Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a passive wireless access system according to the prior art
• Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of an indoor detection for a passive wireless access system according to the prior art.
• FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a schematic diagram of a locating module 13 with antenna array 34 for a passive wireless auxiliary system 1 of a first embodiment of the invention.
• the antenna array 34 of a locating system 5 are arranged on a square substrate 26, which is formed by a circuit board 27, but also not shown here integrated semiconductor components and components of a control unit 11.
• the antennas 10 are arranged in pairs, the Antennas A and C are spaced from each other symmetrically with respect to a coordinate zero 37 on the ordinate y of a Cartesian coordinate are arranged.
• the distance w between the first antenna A and the second antenna C of the first antenna pair A / C is between 5 and 15 cm, preferably at 10 cm.
• the antennas B and D board symmetrically to the coordinate zero point 37 on the circuitry are fixed 27th
• the distance w of the second antenna pair B / D corresponds to the distance w of the first antenna pair A / C. In principle, however, it depends only on the antenna pairs A / C and B / D being arranged at an angle to one another and the individual antennas 10 being spaced from one another for an accurate location of a remote moving identity transmitter.
• An orthogonality as provided in this embodiment is not a prerequisite for locating the identity provider. Rather, it is possible that the antenna pairs are additionally arranged in the m.sub.z direction on different planes of the locating module 13, thereby also making it possible to locate them in the spatial direction z. This will be explained with reference to the following figures 2 to 4.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram with the first antenna pair A / C of the antenna array 34 according to FIG. 1.
• a signal is radiated from the first antenna A in the long wave range whose field strength is from the identity transmitter 7 with built-in sensor as above is described described described.
• a sphere-shaped region with the spherical radius r a is formed , on which the identity transmitter can be found.
• a signal in the long wave range is radiated by the second antenna C of the antenna pair A / C, in which a distance between antenna C and the identity transmitter 7 is detected by the sensor in the identity transmitter 7, and in the case of spherical propagation and spherical aguipotential surfaces of FIG
• the antenna C outgoing electromagnetic waves results in a second spherical surface with a radius r c for the position of the 7. Both spherical surfaces with the radius r a and r c intersect in an annular sectional image and thus form an annular intersection a / c, while the projection of the annular intersection a / c on the image plane results in a line.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram with a second antenna pair B / D of the antenna array 34, in which, given an ideal spherical propagation of the electromagnetic field for the first antenna B of the second antenna pair B / D, a spherical radius r b is to be used and for the second measurement electric field strength, a spherical radius r d with respect to the identity 7 results.
• the intersection of d / d is again ei ⁇ nem ring, wherein only the common intersection of the ERS th and the second pair of antennas to form, around the
• Intersections for defining the position of the identity generator 7 are to be formed.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram with the antenna array 34 of FIG. 1 and the annular intersections a / c and a / d.
• an area previously stored in a memory in the control unit 11 can be covered, and depending on this area in relation to the access-restricted space, different functions can be caused by the control unit.
• different functions can be caused by the control unit. For example, for UV sterilization to be sterilized room, the UV lamps are turned off before the Access to the room is released.
• a release for starting the vehicle and / or for locking the end of an immobilizer can be connected to the corresponding detection of the position of an identity transmitter.
• antennas 10 are arranged at specific distances w and angles to one another in a confined space in the locating module 13. These four antennas 10 may be one
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a locating module 13 with antenna array 33 for a passive wireless access system 2 of a second embodiment of the invention.
• this location system 6 three intersections a / c between the antennas A and C, a / b between the antennas A and B and an intersection b / c between the antennas B and C can be defined to locate an identity transmitter 7, which are located in the Cut intersection 35 and thus also define the position of the identity transmitter 7.
• FIG 6 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle 23 with a ⁇ the constructed locating module 13 and antenna array 34 shown in Figure 1.
• the physicallyenverhaltnisse are not accurately represented here, as to be merely illustrated by this figure that a such compact control unit 21 with locating system 5 before ⁇ preferably in the bottom region of the center console of a vehicle 23 can be accommodated.
• the access-restricted space 9 is thus a vehicle 23, in which two outer areas 14 and 15 are to be detected, as well as an inner area 20, a rear parcel shelf 21 in the center area and a trunk area 22 in the rear area.
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle 23 with different detection areas 14, 15, 20, 21, 22 and 19 for drawing different functions. It should be ensured with the additional detection area 19 that the identity transmitter is in the range of the seat position 29 of the driver and not in the seat positions 30 of the passenger or the seat positions 31 and 32 of the rear seats. Especially since the seat position 29, a start release of the vehicle 23 and an unlocking an immobilizer for the vehicle 23 may be connected.
• FIGS 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of prior art passive wireless access systems as discussed above and not discussed again here to avoid repetition.
• Antenna 13 Positioning module consisting of control unit and antennas

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
• Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-03-05 DE DE102008012606.3A patent/DE102008012606B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-03-03 WO PCT/EP2009/052504 patent/WO2009109575A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-03-03 CN CN2009801162462A patent/CN102017296B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (6)

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