WO2009107422A1

WO2009107422A1 - Machine tool

Info

Publication number: WO2009107422A1
Application number: PCT/JP2009/050707
Authority: WO
Inventors: 善仁藤田; 勇竹鼻
Original assignee: 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority date: 2008-02-28
Filing date: 2009-01-20
Publication date: 2009-09-03
Also published as: KR20100102234A; TW200946273A; CN101952083A; TWI391207B; JP2009202282A; KR101207727B1

Abstract

Provided is a machine tool which can perform efficiently multiface-machining on a long object to be worked in a saved space. A main spindle (45) to which a tool (T) is removably attached is turned about a vertical axis orthogonal to the central axis of the main spindle (45), and a work (W) is rotated about a horizontal axis orthogonal to the central axis of the main spindle (45) and the vertical axis.

Description

Machine Tools

The present invention relates to a machine tool that processes a workpiece by relatively moving a tool and the workpiece.

In a machine tool such as a machining center, the workpiece is processed by relatively moving a tool that is detachably attached to the spindle and a workpiece that is attached to a table. In such a machine tool, in addition to a moving mechanism that relatively moves the spindle and the workpiece in three orthogonal directions, a plurality of spindle directions are used in order to increase the degree of freedom of machining posture of the mounted tool. There are provided those equipped with a turning mechanism for turning in the direction, a rotating mechanism for rotating the workpiece in a plurality of directions, and the like.

Thus, multi-face machining can be performed on the workpiece, and such a conventional machine tool is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.

JP 2001-287102 A

However, when a long workpiece is machined using the above-mentioned conventional machine tool, the swing of the workpiece becomes large, which increases the size of the machine. In particular, in a horizontal machine tool, it is necessary to set a long tool length in order to avoid mutual interference of machine structures depending on a machining position such as an oblique hole. As a result, not only the rigidity of the tool is lowered, but also the number of setup changes is increased, and the machining efficiency may be lowered.

Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that can perform multi-face machining efficiently on a long workpiece in a space-saving manner. .

A machine tool according to a first invention for solving the above-described problem is
A spindle on which a tool for processing a workpiece is detachably mounted;
Spindle turning means for turning the spindle around a turning axis orthogonal to the axis of the spindle;
And a workpiece rotating means for rotating the workpiece around a workpiece rotation axis orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft and the pivot axis.

A machine tool according to a second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
A spindle rotating means for rotating the spindle;
The main shaft rotating means and the main shaft turning means are arranged coaxially or on two orthogonal axes, respectively.

A machine tool according to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is as follows.
The main shaft turning means has a turning shaft member whose axis is disposed on the turning shaft, and rotatably supports the main shaft,
The main shaft and the main shaft rotating means are connected within the pivot shaft member.

A machine tool according to a fourth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
The main shaft is supported rotatably around a horizontal axis.

According to the machine tool of the present invention, the main shaft is swung around a turning axis orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft, and the workpiece is rotated around a work rotation axis orthogonal to the main shaft axis and the turning axis. Thus, since the swing of the workpiece can be reduced, it is possible to perform multi-face machining efficiently on a long workpiece in a space-saving manner.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view of a saddle. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow III-III in FIG. 2. It is the figure which showed the mode of the process of the workpiece | work arrange | positioned in a medium process position, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view. It is the figure which showed the mode of the process of the workpiece | work arrange | positioned in the upper process position, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view. It is the figure which showed the mode of the process of the workpiece | work arrange | positioned in a lower processing position, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view.

Hereinafter, the machine tool according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a saddle, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, and FIG. It is the figure which showed the mode of processing of a workpiece | work, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, FIG. 5 is the figure which showed the mode of processing of the workpiece | work arrange | positioned in the upper processing position, (A) is a plan view, (b) is a side view, and FIG. 6 is a view showing a state of machining of a workpiece placed at a lower machining position, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a side view. It is. Note that the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction described in each figure indicate orthogonal three-axis directions that are orthogonal to each other.

As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool 1 is provided with a bed 11, and a pair of left and

right guide rails

12 a and 12 b extending in the Z-axis direction are provided on the upper surface of the bed 11. A column 13 is supported on the

guide rails

12a and 12b so as to be slidable in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the column 13 can be moved in the Z-axis direction by driving column driving means such as a column driving motor or a column feed screw mechanism (not shown).

A pair of left and

right guide rails

14a and 14b extending in the Y-axis direction are formed on the front surface of the column 13, and a saddle 15 is supported on the

guide rails

14a and 14b so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction. ing. Therefore, the saddle 15 can be moved in the Y-axis direction by driving saddle drive means such as a saddle drive motor or a saddle feed screw mechanism (not shown).

Also, a pair of left and

right guide rails

16a and 16b extending in the X-axis direction are provided near the ends of the

guide rails

12a and 12b on the upper surface of the bed 11. A table base 17 is supported on the

guide rails

16 a and 16 b so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction. Further, a pair of left and right table support plates 18 are erected on the upper surface of the table base 17. A rotary table 19 is rotatably supported between the tips of the table support plates 18, and a long work W is detachably attached to the rotary table 19 via an attachment jig 20. It has been.

Accordingly, by driving a table driving means such as a table driving motor or a table feed screw mechanism (not shown), the rotary table 19 supported rotatably on the table base 17 via the table support plate 18 is moved in the X-axis direction. It is movable. Furthermore, the rotary table 19 can be rotated around a horizontal axis (workpiece rotation axis) by driving a table rotation means (workpiece rotation means) including a table rotation motor (not shown).

Next, the configuration of the saddle 15 will be described with reference to FIGS.

2 and 3, the tip of the saddle 15 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical hollow portion 31 is formed in the tip. The hollow portion 31 is composed of a small-diameter hollow portion 31a and a large-diameter hollow portion 31b. The large-diameter hollow portion 31b has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter hollow portion 31a, and is located at an axially intermediate portion thereof. Is formed. In addition, an opening 31c that opens to the front surface of the saddle 15 is formed on the distal end side of the large diameter hollow portion 31b.

In the hollow portion 31, a cylindrical turning shaft member 41 is rotatably supported. The turning shaft member 41 includes a small diameter shaft portion 41a and a large diameter shaft portion 41b. The large diameter shaft portion 41b has an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the small diameter shaft portion 41a, and its axial direction. It is formed in the middle part. The small-diameter shaft portion 41 a of the turning shaft member 41 is rotatably supported through the bearing 42 in the small-diameter hollow portion 31 a of the hollow portion 31. A turning drive motor 43 is provided between the small diameter hollow portion 31a and the small diameter shaft portion 41a. The turning drive motor 43 includes a stator 43a fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 31a, and a small diameter shaft portion. It is comprised from the rotor 43b fixed to the outer peripheral surface of 41a. On the other hand, the large-diameter shaft portion 41 b of the turning shaft member 41 is disposed in the large-diameter hollow portion 31 b of the hollow portion 31 so that the side surface faces the opening 31 c. A main shaft 45 is rotatably supported in the large-diameter shaft portion 41b via a bearing 44, and a tool T is detachably attached to the tip of the main shaft 45.

An annular member 46 is provided outside the upper end of the small-diameter shaft portion 41a of the turning shaft member 41, and a disk-shaped disk member 47 is provided outside the lower end of the small-diameter shaft portion 41a. A main shaft motor 48 is provided on the upper end of the small diameter shaft portion 41a and the upper surface of the annular member 46. An output shaft 49 of the main shaft motor 48 is inserted into the small diameter shaft portion 41a and the large diameter shaft portion 41b. Has been. A bevel gear 49 a is formed at the tip of the output shaft 49, and the bevel gear 49 a meshes with a bevel gear 45 a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 45.

That is, by driving the main shaft motor 48, the driving force is transmitted from the bevel gear 49a of the output shaft 49 to the bevel gear 45a of the main shaft 45, and the tool T is also rotated around the horizontal axis together with the main shaft 45. . Further, the turning shaft motor 41 is driven to rotate the inner rotor 43b with respect to the outer stator 43a, whereby the turning shaft member 41 is turned to the vertical axis (turning shaft) with respect to the hollow portion 31 of the saddle 15. Since it rotates around, the tool T is also driven to rotate together with the main shaft 45 supported in the large-diameter shaft portion 41b. At this time, the main shaft motor 48 is fixed to the small-diameter shaft portion 41a of the turning shaft member 41. Therefore, when the turning shaft member 41 rotates (turns), the main shaft motor 48 simultaneously rotates around the vertical axis. . Thereby, the driving force from the output shaft 49 is appropriately transmitted to the main shaft 45 through the

bevel gears

45a and 49a.

In addition, the hollow part 31, the turning shaft member 41, the turning drive motor 43, the main shaft motor 48, and the output shaft 49 are arranged on the same axis. The hollow portion 31, the turning shaft member 41, the turning drive motor 43, etc. constitute the spindle turning means, and the table support plate 18, the rotary table 19, etc. constitute the workpiece rotating means, and further turn. The shaft member 41, the main shaft 45, the main shaft motor 48, the output shaft 49, etc. constitute a main shaft rotating means. Further, in this embodiment, the main shaft motor 48 is provided coaxially with the turning drive motor 43, but may be provided coaxially with the main shaft 45.

Therefore, when processing the workpiece W in five surfaces, first, the rotary table 19 is indexed and rotated around the horizontal axis so that the mounting jig 20 is arranged at the uppermost position. A workpiece W is attached to 20 (see FIG. 5B).

Next, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the rotary table 19 is indexed and rotated so that the workpiece W is disposed at the intermediate machining position P1 facing the column 13 (saddle 15). Then, while driving the spindle motor 48 to rotate the tool T, the column 13 is moved in the Z-axis direction, the saddle 15 is moved in the Y-axis direction, or the turning drive motor 43 moves the tool T around the vertical axis. It is turned or the rotary table 19 is moved in the X-axis direction. As a result, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4A, the tool T moves, and machining is performed on the end faces Wa, Wd, and We of the workpiece W arranged at the middle machining position P1. Depending on the shape of the tool T, the end surfaces Wb and Wc of the workpiece W can be processed.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the rotary table 19 is indexed and rotated to place the workpiece W at the uppermost machining position P2. Then, while driving the spindle motor 48 to rotate the tool T, the column 13 is moved in the Z-axis direction, the saddle 15 is moved in the Y-axis direction, or the turning drive motor 43 moves the tool T around the vertical axis. It is turned or the rotary table 19 is moved in the X-axis direction. As a result, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5A, the tool T is moved, and machining is performed on the end faces Wc, Wd, and We of the workpiece W arranged at the upper machining position P2. Depending on the shape of the tool T, the end surface Wa of the workpiece W can be processed.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the rotary table 19 is indexed and rotated to place the workpiece W at the lowest machining position P3. Then, while driving the spindle motor 48 to rotate the tool T, the column 13 is moved in the Z-axis direction, the saddle 15 is moved in the Y-axis direction, or the turning drive motor 43 moves the tool T around the vertical axis. It is turned or the rotary table 19 is moved in the X-axis direction. As a result, the tool T moves as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 6A, and machining is performed on the end faces Wb, Wd, and We of the workpiece W arranged at the lower machining position P3. Depending on the shape of the tool T, the end surface Wa of the workpiece W can be processed.

Further, if necessary, the workpiece W is arranged at an arbitrary angle regardless of the machining positions P1, P2, and P3 until the workpiece W is machined into a predetermined shape.

Therefore, according to the machine tool according to the present invention, the main shaft 45 is turned about the vertical axis orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 45 and the workpiece W is rotated about the horizontal axis orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 45 and the vertical axis. By rotating the workpiece W, the swinging of the workpiece W can be reduced. Therefore, the multi-face machining can be efficiently performed on the long workpiece W in a space-saving manner. In addition, since the turning drive motor 43 and the spindle motor 48 are arranged coaxially, a simple configuration can be achieved, so that the size can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the distance between the tip of the spindle 45 and the workpiece W can be shortened in any posture of the tool T, the tool length can be shortened and the rigidity of the tool T can be improved. In addition, since the machine tool 1 has a horizontal shape in which the tool T rotates around the horizontal axis, chips do not accumulate on the workpiece W, so that the tool life can be improved.

The present invention can be applied to a machine tool that can process a long workpiece in a short time.

Claims

A spindle on which a tool for processing a workpiece is detachably mounted;
Spindle turning means for turning the spindle around a turning axis orthogonal to the axis of the spindle;
A machine tool comprising: a workpiece rotating means for rotating the workpiece around a workpiece rotation axis orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft and the pivot axis.
The machine tool according to claim 1,
A spindle rotating means for rotating the spindle;
The machine tool, wherein the spindle rotating means and the spindle turning means are arranged on the same axis or on two orthogonal axes.
The machine tool according to claim 2,
The main shaft turning means has a turning shaft member whose axis is disposed on the turning shaft, and rotatably supports the main shaft,
A machine tool, wherein the main shaft and the main shaft rotating means are coupled within the pivot shaft member.
The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The machine tool is characterized in that the main shaft is rotatably supported around a horizontal axis.