WO2009087044A1

WO2009087044A1 - Traction means

Info

Publication number: WO2009087044A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/068004
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hubert Göser; Jan-Henning Quass
Original assignee: Contitech Antriebssysteme Gmbh
Priority date: 2008-01-10
Filing date: 2008-12-19
Publication date: 2009-07-16
Also published as: DE102008037540A1

Abstract

The invention relates to traction means (1), in particular for an elevator facility, wherein the traction means (1) can be driven by a traction disc. The aim of the invention is to provide traction means which are easy to handle, wherein high tractive forces can be transmitted and the traction means enable a structurally narrower drive unit, as compared to known belt technology. For this purpose the traction means are configured as a composite rope (1, 10, 12, 13), in which parallel, individual tie beams sheathed in elastomer material (4) are connected to one another by a single-sided elastomer connecting layer (6) and adjoining tie beams (4) are combined at least partially in groups (5, 11) into at least two tie beams (4) such that the tie beam groups (5, 11) in each case engage in a common corresponding groove (7) of the traction discs (8).

Description

description

traction means

The invention relates to a traction means, in particular for an elevator system, wherein the traction means is driven by a traction sheave and an elevator system with a traction means.

Traction means for elevator systems are known per se. Ropes, but also belts are often used, with belts being used both flat belts and V-ribbed belts or even toothed belts.

In the case of ropes as traction means, each individual rope is uniquely assigned its own rope groove on the traction sheave. Each rope dives at least in part of its diameter in the associated cable groove. Each individual rope is an independent tension element and can also be operated individually. For higher outputs, either several ropes can be used in parallel, or the rope diameter is increased accordingly. The single rope is thus not only traction means for transmitting the tensile forces, but is also directly involved in the transmission of traction forces.

Ropes have the advantage over belt technology that the force can be transmitted directly from the traction sheave to the ropes.

In the belt technology is still the connecting elastomeric material between the actual tension members and the traction disc. When using belts more adjacent ropes are always embedded as tension elements in a common belt body. The belts are generally wider than they are high to ensure a stable belt run on the pulley. The traction elements are completely encased in the base material of the belt body and the plane of the traction elements is always above the contact zone which forms the belt with the corresponding pulley, the belt toothed belt in the timing belt, the elastomeric wedges in the V-ribbed belt and flat in the case of flat belts Belt surface can be considered as a contact zone.

The transmission of traction forces from the traction sheave to the traction means takes place here via the friction between traction disk and elastomer material, the traction forces then being transmitted to the traction elements via shear stresses in the elastomer material and the adhesive mechanism between elastomer material and traction elements. The material properties, especially the shear strength of the elastomeric material therefore play a decisive role in this case. The introduction of force into the individual tension elements thus takes place indirectly. The tension elements themselves are thus responsible only for the transmission of tensile forces.

For higher performance wider belts or belts of higher performance class with larger belt pitch and stronger tension elements can be used.

EP 1 396 458 A2 describes an elevator device in which a flat belt of elastomeric material reinforced with reinforcements is used as the traction means. EP 1 555 234 B1 shows an elevator installation with a V-ribbed belt.

Belts offer over the ropes the advantage that on the one hand the handling is easier, because not individual ropes must be placed on corresponding grooves of the traction sheave, and that also small traction sheave diameter can be used without problems, since the embedded tension members usually have relatively small diameter. In addition, belts as traction means are virtually maintenance-free, since no lubrication is required. However, the transferable force is, as already described above, in addition to the friction between the traction sheave and elastomer also on the shear strength of the elastomer and the quality of the embedding of the tension members in the elastomer, ie, the adhesion between the elastomer and tension member dependent. The importance of the material properties of the elastomer increases with increasing distance of the tensile carriers from the force application zone.

In addition, for example, in elevator systems for safety reasons always at least two, usually three to five belts are used in parallel. The fact that the belts contain a large number of thin individual cables makes the belt relatively wide in comparison to a cable of the same thickness. If now several belts are used in parallel, relatively wide traction discs and pulleys are required.

No. 6,739,433 discloses a traction device for an elevator installation, which is designed as a profiled flat belt, so that the surface available for friction between traction disk and belt is slightly larger. The transferable force is thus slightly higher than in a non-profiled flat belt, but here is the zone of power transmission between the traction sheave and traction means still clearly spaced from the tension members, so that the elastomeric material of the flat belt is relatively heavily subjected to shear.

In a hitherto unpublished patent application, a traction means is disclosed, which circumvents the mentioned disadvantages by a composite rope, are connected to a composite rope in parallel, lying with elastomeric material individual tensile carriers by a one-sided elastomeric connector layer and the tensile carriers in corresponding Engage grooves of the traction discs. The tensile carriers engage at least 25% of their total diameter in the grooves of the traction sheave.

In this embodiment, it requires for each individual rope of a demarcated by the respective neighbors groove, in which engage the respective ropes. This can lead to the traction sheave still building too wide even with this approach. The invention has for its object to provide a traction means of the type described above that compared to the cited prior art, a further reduced width of the traction disc allows and play in which the properties of elastomeric materials only a minor role.

This object is achieved in that the traction means is formed as a composite rope, are sheathed in parallel single ropes having a first diameter, each with an elastomer layer of a predetermined thickness to tensile carriers each having an overall diameter and the tensile carriers by a one-sided elastomeric connector layer substantially are interconnected over their entire length and the tensile carriers engage in corresponding grooves of the traction discs, wherein the elastomeric connector layer is disposed on the side of the tension members facing away from the groove engaging in the grooves of the traction disc and that adjacent tensile carriers at least partially in groups at least two tensile carriers are summarized such that the Zugträ- groups each engage in a common corresponding groove of the traction discs.

This arrangement has the advantage that the composite cable allows a further reduction of the width of the traction disc by the partial omission of the distances between the individual tension members. Compared to the rope technique, there is the advantage that the composite cables are very easy to handle each other by the elastomeric connection. The belt technology is advantageous in the case of the composite cables according to the invention in that the force introduction zone is at least partially identical to the contact zone of the tension members with the traction sheave, because the tension members themselves engage in the grooves of the traction sheave and are not embedded in a relatively thick elastomer matrix, through which the tension members are spaced from the force application zone.

The importance of the shear strength of the elastic coating of the individual ropes is thereby greatly reduced, the force is introduced correspondingly similar to the rope technology directly in the tension members. Even with complete absence of the elastic coating, for example due to wear or excessive thermal load, the transmission of traction forces in the tension members is still ensured.

The elastomeric connector layer does not have to accommodate significant shear stresses for power transmission. Its main purpose is to simplify handling.

Thin ropes can be used so that small traction disc diameters and narrow traction discs are possible. For each compound cable, only one connecting element is necessary for connection to the elements to be lifted, for example.

In a further development of the invention, the thickness of the sheathing of the individual cables in the range of 0.2 - 2 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the sheathing of the individual ropes in the range of 0.5 - 1 mm.

With these small thicknesses of the sheathing, this is subjected to a particularly low level of shear and the transmittable tensile force is correspondingly high.

In a development of the invention, the ratio of the diameter of the individual cables to the thickness of the sheathing u d / u is greater than or equal to 3.

The thickness of the casing is so thin in relation to the diameter of the individual ropes that the properties of the casing play a particularly small role.

In a further development of the invention, the sheath is formed of an elastomer which differs from the elastomer of the connector layer. By using a variety of elastomers, a particularly wide variety of material combinations can be used, so that the composite rope can be adjusted individually to a large number of applications.

In one development of the invention, the elastomer or the elastomers is preferably a polyurethane or polyurethane.

Polyurethane has both good friction and good adhesion properties and is relatively insensitive to shear.

In a further development of the invention, the sheathing of the individual cables has an outer contour facing the traction sheave whose cross-section is deviating from a partial circle shape.

In a further development of the invention, the cross section of the outer contour is trapezoidal.

In a further development of the invention, the cross section of the outer contour is square.

In a development of the invention, the cross section of the outer contour is conical.

The configuration of the cross sections of the casing in different geometries has the advantage that the composite rope is therefore adaptable to a large number of traction disk profiles.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the connector layer has a profiled surface on its side facing away from the traction sheave. This Profϊlierung serves to better guide the composite cables when they must be performed over their back to pulleys.

In a further embodiment of the invention, each composite rope has at least four individual cables.

As a result, the security against twisting of the composite cables is improved, so that a safe enema is ensured in the engagement zone of the traction sheave.

In a further development of the invention, the individual cables are arranged alternately between S and Z impact.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the number of individual ropes per compound rope is even.

The use of ropes alternately in Z and S blows, the risk of load-dependent twists is particularly low. The grade number enhances this effect.

In a further development of the invention, adjacent tensile carriers are at least partially combined in groups of three tensile carriers such that the tensile carrier groups each engage in a common corresponding groove of the traction discs.

By this grouping, the width of the traction means can be further reduced. The introduction of force continues to be essentially directly due to the direct engagement of the tension members in the grooves of the traction sheave.

In one embodiment of the invention, the traction means are formed as composite ropes, in which adjacent tensile carriers are summarized exclusively to Zugträgergruppen with two tension members. In one embodiment of the invention, the traction means are formed as composite cables, in which adjacent tensile carriers are summarized to Zugträgergruppen with two tension members and other adjacent tension members to Zugträgergruppen, each with three tension members.

In a further development of the invention, the traction means constructed as composite ropes have traction means groups with two tension members and traction means groups with three tension members as well as individual tension members in the width direction in any successive arrangement.

These symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged traction means and Zugmittelgruppen allow a wide variety and allow the adaptation of the traction means according to the invention to a large variety of application cases.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the individual cables are made of steel.

Steel combines high tensile strength and fatigue strength with good adhesion to elastomers.

In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the individual ropes is between 1, 5mm and 8mm.

In a further development of the invention, the diameter of the individual cables is between 1.8 and 5.5 mm.

In this diameter range, a particularly good ratio of minimum diameter of the traction sheave and high load capacity is given.

In a further development of the invention, the side of the composite cables facing away from the traction sheave has a cover coating.

In a further development of the invention, the side of the composite cables facing the traction sheave has a cover coating. In one development of the invention, the cover coating is formed from a flat textile, for example a fabric.

With such a coating, both the friction and the wear resistance of the composite cables can be improved.

The object is further achieved in that the traction means is designed as a composite rope, are sheathed in parallel single ropes with a first diameter, each with an E lastomerschicht a predetermined thickness to tensile carriers, each with an overall diameter and the tension members by a one-sided elastomeric connector layer in are substantially interconnected over their entire length and engage the tension members in corresponding grooves of the traction discs, wherein the elastomeric connector layer is disposed on the side of the tension members facing away from the engaging in the grooves of the traction sheave side and that adjacent tension members at least partially in Groups are combined to form at least two tension members such that the Zugträgergruppen each engage in a common corresponding groove of the traction discs, wherein the tension members engage in the grooves of the traction disc such that the immersion depth of the individual in the grooves of the traction sheave is at least 25% of the diameter of the single ropes.

Due to the strong immersion of the tension members in the grooves of the traction sheave an even better transmission of the forces on the individual ropes is possible because the power transmitting individual ropes of the composite rope extend far into the power transmission zone between the traction sheave and composite rope.

Of course, the advantageous developments according to the dependent subclaims of the invention according to the main claim also make the solution of the problem according to the independent claim advantageous and are therefore also based on the secondary claim. The invention is further based on the object to provide an elevator system whose traction means over the said prior art, a further reduced width of the traction disc allows and play in the properties of elastomeric materials only a minor role.

This object is achieved in that the elevator system has a traction means according to at least one of claims 1 to 25.

Such an elevator system has the advantage that on the one hand the assembly is facilitated due to the good handling of the composite cables according to the invention, on the other hand, no wide-build traction drum is required.

With reference to the drawing, an example of the invention will be explained in more detail below.

It shows:

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through an inventive composite rope with Zugträgergruppen from two tension members, placed on a traction disc. FIGS. 2-4 show further combinations of composite ropes according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a composite cable 1 according to the invention with eight individual cables 2 in cross-section. The individual cables 2 are each surrounded by a thin elastomer layer 3. Individual cables 2 and elastomer layers 3b form tension cords 4 by which tensile forces can be transmitted. The tension cords 4 are combined into tension cord groups 5 with two tension cords 4 each and connected to one another by a connector layer 6 made of elastomeric material. The connection of the drawstring groups 5, which can be produced, for example, by vulcanization, makes it possible to handle the composite cable 1 more or less like a belt.

The tension cords 4 or tension cord groups 5 engage in grooves 7 of a traction sheave 8, wherein the traction sheave 8 is shown here only in a partial cross section. tension cords 4 and grooves 7 form a force introduction zone 9, which is shown hatched here for clarity. It can be clearly seen that the tension cords 4 dive or engage directly in the force introduction zone 9, whereby traction forces can be transmitted directly from the traction sheave 8 to the tension cords 4 by friction between the tension cords 4 and the grooves 9.

The fact that in each case two pull cords 4 are combined into tensile strand groups 5 and in each case engage in a common groove 9 of the traction sheave 8, the traction sheave 8 can be reduced in width relative to an arrangement of one own groove per pull cord.

FIG. 2 shows a composite rope 10 in which a tensile strand group 11 with three grouped tensile cords 4, each of a tensile strand group 5 with two grouped tensile cords 4, is adjacent. By this arrangement, only three grooves of a traction sheave, not shown here, are necessary, whereby the width of the traction disc is even further reduced.

The composite ropes 12 and 13 of FIGS. 3 and 4 each comprise combinations of individual tensile cords 4, tensile cord groups with three grouped tensile cords 4, tensile cord groups 5 with two grouped tensile cords 4, and tensile cord groups 11 with three grouped tensile cords 4.

Due to the large number of possible combinations, the pull cords 4, individually or grouped, engage in the force introduction zone 9 of the traction discs, the traction discs corresponding to the composite cables 1, 10, 12 and 13 are particularly adaptable to the various installation conditions. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(Part of the description)

I composite rope 2 single ropes of the composite rope 1

3 elastomeric layer of the single ropes 2

4 tension cords

5 tensile strand group with two tensile strands 4

6 connector layer 7 grooves

8 traction disc

9 force transmission zone

10 Composite cord with tensile cord groups 5

I 1 Drawstring group with three drawstrings 4 12 Composite rope with combination of drawstring groups 5 and 11

13 composite rope with combination of tension cords 4 and tensile strand groups 5 and 11

Claims

claims

1. traction means (1), in particular for an elevator installation, wherein the traction means (1) by a traction sheave (8) can be driven, characterized in that the Zugmit- tel as a composite rope (1) is formed in the parallel individual cables (2 ) are each sheathed in an elastomer layer (3) to form tension members (4) and the tension members (4) are interconnected by a one-sided elastomeric connector layer (6) substantially over their entire length and the tension members (4) are inserted in corresponding grooves (7). engage the traction sheaves (8), wherein the elastomeric connector layer (6) on the side of the tension members (4) facing away from in the grooves (7) of the traction sheave (8) side facing away and that adjacent tension members (4) at least Partially in groups (5) to at least two tension members (4) are so summarized that the Zugträgergruppen (5) each engage in a common corresponding groove (7) of the traction discs (8).

2. traction means (1), in particular for an elevator installation, wherein the traction means (1) by a traction sheave (8) can be driven, characterized in that the traction means is designed as a composite rope (1), in which parallel lying individual ropes (2) each one elastomeric layer (3) are sheathed in tension members (4) and the tension members (4) are interconnected by a one-sided elastomeric connector layer (6) substantially over their entire length and the tension members (4) into corresponding grooves (7) of the traction discs (8) engage, wherein the elastomeric connector layer (6) on the side of the tension members (4) is disposed facing away from the grooves (7) of the traction sheave (8) side facing and that adjacent tension members (4) at least partially in Groups (5) to at least two tension members (4) are so summarized that the Zugträgergruppen (5) each engage in a common corresponding groove (7) of the traction discs (8), wherein the di e tensile carrier (4) engage in the grooves (7) of the traction discs (8) that the immersion depth of the individual cables (2) of the tension members (4) in the grooves (7) of the traction discs (8) at least 25% of the diameter of the individual ropes (2).

3. traction means according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness of the sheathing (3) of the individual cables (2) in the range of 0.2 - 2 mm.

4. traction means according to claim 3, characterized in that the thickness of the Ummante- treatment (3) of the individual ropes (2) in the range of 0.5 - 1 mm.

5. traction means according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the ratio of diameter d of the individual cables (2) to the thickness u of the sheath (3) d / u is greater than or equal to 3.

6. traction means according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the sheath (3) is formed of an elastomer which differs from the elastomer of the connector layer (4).

7. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastomer (3, 4) is preferably a polyurethane or the elastomers (3, 4) are preferably polyurethanes.

8. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath (3) of the individual cables (2) has a traction disc (10) facing the outer contour whose cross-section is deviating from a pitch circle shape.

9. traction means according to claim 8, characterized in that the cross section of the outer contour is trapezoidal.

10. traction means according to claim 8, characterized in that the cross section of the outer contour is square.

11. traction means according to claim 8, characterized in that the cross section of the outer contour is conical.

12. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the connector layer (4) facing away from the traction sheave (10)

Side has a profiled surface (7, 8).

13. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each composite rope (1) has at least four individual ropes (2).

14. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual cables (2) are arranged in alternation between S and Z blow.

15. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized marked, that the number of individual ropes (2) per compound rope (1) is even.

16. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent tension members (4) at least partially in groups of three tension members summarized such that the Zugträgergruppen (11) each in a common corresponding groove (7) of the traction discs (8) intervention.

17. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent tension members (4) are combined exclusively to Zugträgergruppen (5) with two tension members (4).

18. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent tension members (4) to Zugträgergruppen (5) with two tension members (4) and other adjacent tension members (4) to Zugträgergruppen (11), each with three tension members (4) are summarized.

19. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as composite ropes (10, 12, 13) formed traction means Zugmittelgruppen (5) with two tension members (4), Zugmittelgruppen (11) with three tension members (4) and individual tension members (4) in the width direction in any successive arrangement.

20. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual cables (2) consist of steel.

21. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the individual cables (2) is between 1, 5mm and 8mm.

22. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the individual ropes (2) is between 1.8mm and 5.5mm.

23. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the traction disc (10) facing away from the composite cables (9) has a cover coating (12).

24. traction means according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the traction disc (10) facing side of the composite cables (9) has a cover coating (11).

25. traction means according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the Abdeckbe- layering (11, 12) is formed from a flat textile, for example a fabric.

26. Elevator installation with a traction means (1) and traction discs (8) having drive transmission arrangement, characterized in that the traction means is designed as a composite cable (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 25.