Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
  • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
  • Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31993—Of paper

Definitions

• This invention relates to papers made with fibrids containing a polymer or copolymer derived from a monomer selected from the group consisting of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and mixtures thereof.
• Such papers have high thermal stability and accept ink more readily than papers made solely with aramid fibrids.
• Papers made from high performance materials have been developed to provide papers with improved strength and/or thermal stability.
• Aramid paper for example, is synthetic paper composed of aromatic polyamides. Because of its heat and flame resistance, electrical insulating properties, toughness and flexibility, the paper has been used as electrical insulation material and a base for aircraft honeycombs.
• Nomex® of DuPont U.S.A.
• U.S.A. is manufactured by mixing poly(metaphenylene isophthalamide) floe and fibrids in water and then subjecting the mixed slurry to papermaking process to make formed paper followed by hot calendering of the formed paper.
• This paper is known to have excellent electrical insulation properties and with strength and toughness, which remains high even at high temperatures.
• This invention relates to a highly printable thermally stable paper comprising non-granular, fibrous or film-like polymer fibrids comprising a polymer or copolymer derived from an amine monomer selected from the group consisting of
• this invention also relates to heat resistant tags and labels, wrapped wires and conductors, laminate structures, honeycomb structures, and electrical devices comprising this highly printable thermally stable paper.
• This invention also relates to a process for making thermally stable paper comprising the steps of: a) forming an aqueous dispersion of 10 to 95 parts by weight polymer fibrids comprising a polymer or copolymer derived from an amine monomer selected from the group consisting of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and mixtures thereof and 90 to 5 parts by weight of at least one high performance floe selected from the group of para-aramid, meta-aramid, carbon, glass, liquid crystalline polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ketone-ketone, polyether-ether-ketone, polyoxadiazole, polybenzazole, and mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the floe and fibrids; b) blending the dispersion to form a slurry, c) draining the aqueous
• the process includes the additional step of consolidating the formed paper under heat and pressure to make a calendered paper.
• This invention relates to the use of polymer fibrids containing a polymer or copolymer derived from a monomer selected from the group consisting of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and mixtures thereof in papers for improved printability without sacrificing thermal stability of the paper.
• Such polymers have [SO 2 ] linkages that help promote printability of the paper.
• the term "fibrids" as used herein, means a very finely-divided polymer product of small, filmy or irregular fibrous shape particles.
• fibrids There are essentially two types of fibrids; "filmy” fibrids and "fibrous shape” or “stringy” fibrids.
• Filmy fibrids are essentially two-dimensional particles having a length and width on the order of 100 to 1000 micrometers and a thickness of 0.1 to 1 micrometer.
• Fibrous shape or stringy fibrids usually have length of up to 2-3 mm, a width of 10 to 50 microns, and a thickness of 0.1 to 1 micrometer.
• Fibrids are made by streaming a polymer solution into a coagulating bath of liquid that is immiscible with the solvent of the solution. The stream of polymer solution is subjected to strenuous shearing forces and turbulence as the polymer is coagulated.
• the predominant shape of the fibrids is determined by the type of polymer and the particular processing conditions during their coagulation.
• fibrids Preferably, fibrids have a melting point or decomposition point above
• Fibrids are not fibers, but they are fibrous in that they have fiber-like regions connected by webs. In on embodiment, fibrids have an aspect ratio of 5:1 to 10:1. In another embodiment, fibrids are used wet in a never-dried state and can be deposited as a binder physically entwined about other ingredients or components of a paper.
• the fibrids can be prepared by any method including using a fibridating apparatus of the type disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,018,091 where a polymer solution is precipitated and sheared in a single step. Fibrids can also be made via the processes disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,988,782 and 2,999,788.
• the fibrids comprise a polymer or copolymer derived from an amine monomer selected from the group consisting of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone,
• ArI and Ar2 are any unsubstituted or substituted six-membered aromatic group of carbon atoms and ArI and Ar2 can be the same or different. In some preferred embodiments ArI and Ar2 are the same. Still more preferably, the six- membered aromatic group of carbon atoms has meta- or para-oriented linkages versus the SO2 group.
• This monomer or multiple monomers having this general structure are reacted with an acid monomer in a compatible solvent to create a polymer.
• Useful acids monomers generally have the structure of
• Ar3 is any unsubstituted or substituted aromatic ring structure and can be the same or different from ArI and/or Ar2.
• Ar3 is a six- membered aromatic group of carbon atoms. Still more preferably, the six-membered aromatic group of carbon atoms has meta- or para-oriented linkages.
• ArI and Ar2 are the same and Ar3 is different from both ArI and Ar2.
• ArI and Ar2 can be both benzene rings having meta-oriented linkages while Ar3 can be a benzene ring having para-oriented linkages.
• Examples of useful monomers include terephthaloyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, and the like.
• the acid is terephthaloyl chloride or its mixture with isophthaloyl chloride and the amine monomer is 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone.
• the amine monomer is a mixture of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone and 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone in a weight ratio of 3:1, which creates a fibrid made from a copolymer having both sulfone monomers.
• the fibrids contain a copolymer, the copolymer having both repeat units derived from sulfone amine monomer and an amine monomer derived from paraphenylene diamine and/or metaphenylene diamine.
• the sulfone amide repeat units are present in a weight ratio of 3:1 to other amide repeat units.
• at least 80 mole percent of the amine monomers is a sulfone amine monomer or a mixture of sulfone amine monomers.
• PSA will be used to represent all of the entire classes of fibers made with polymer or copolymer derived from sulfone monomers as previously described.
• the polymer and copolymer derived from a sulfone monomer can preferably be made via polycondensation of one or more types of diamine monomer with one or more types of chloride monomers in a dialkyl amide solvent suchs as N-methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl acetamide, or mixtures thereof.
• a dialkyl amide solvent suchs as N-methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl acetamide, or mixtures thereof.
• an inorganic salt such as lithium chloride or calcium chloride is also present.
• the polymer can be isolated by precipitation with non-solvent such as water, neutralized, washed, and dried.
• the polymer can also be made via interfacial polymerization which produces polymer powder directly that can then be dissolved in a solvent for fiber production.
• PSA fibers or copolymers containing sulfone amine monomers are disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication 1389604A to Wang et al.
• This reference discloses a fiber known as poly sulfonamide fiber (PSA) made by spinning a copolymer solution formed from a mixture of 50 to 95 weight percent 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone and 5 to 50 weight percent 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone copolymerized with equimolar amounts of terephthaloyl chloride in dimethylacetamide.
• PSA poly sulfonamide fiber
• the PPD-T copolymer can be made by replacing 5 to 50 mole percent of the paraphenylene diamine (PPD) by another aromatic diamine such as 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone.
• a portion of the PSA fibrids can be replaced by another, second, non-granular, fibrous or film-like polymer binder.
• Such binders include fibrids made from another polymer or copolymer.
• the polymer binder is selected from the group of meta-aramid fibrids, para-aramid fibrids, and mixtures thereof.
• the preferred meta-aramid fibrids are poly(metaphenylene isophthalamide) fibrids.
• the PSA fibrids can be replaced with MPD-I fibrids with good result.
• 20 to 50 weight percent of the PSA fibrids are replaced with MPD-I fibrids. It is believed the improved dyeability and printability of the paper due to the additional polysulfone groups provided by the PSA fibrids is retained even with only 20 weight percent PSA fibrids in the paper.
• the fibrids in the paper can be filled with different fillers including carbon black, graphite, and mineral powders.
• the filled fibrids are PSA fibrids. Method of filling fibrids with carbon black or graphite is described, for example, in United States Patent No. 5,482,773 to Bair.
• the PSA fibrids are combined with at least one high performance floe selected from the group of para-aramid, meta-aramid, carbon, glass, liquid crystalline polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ketone-ketone, polyether-ether-ketone, polyoxadiazole, polybenzazole, and mixtures thereof.
• floe fibers having a length of 2 to 25 millimeters, preferably 3 to 7 millimeters and a diameter of 3 to 20 micrometers, preferably 5 to 14 micrometers. If the floe length is less than 3 millimeters, the paper strength is severely reduced, and if the floe length is more than 25 millimeters, it is difficult to form a uniform paper web by a typical wet-laid method. If the floe diameter is less than 5 micrometers, it can be difficult to commercially produce with adequate uniformity and reproducibility, and if the floe diameter is more than 20 micrometers, it is difficult to form uniform paper of light to medium basis weights. Floe is generally made by cutting continuous spun filaments into specific-length pieces.
• the high performance floe includes floes of para-aramid, meta-aramid, carbon, glass, liquid crystalline polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ketone- ketone, polyether-ether-ketone, polyoxadiazole polybenzazole, and mixtures thereof.
• aramid is meant a polyamide wherein at least 85% of the amide (-CONH-) linkages are attached directly to two aromatic rings.
• a para-aramid is such a polyamide that contains a para configuration or para-oriented linkages in the polymer chain
• meta-aramid is such a polyamide that contains a meta configuration or meta-oriented linkages in the polymer chain.
• Additives can be used with the aramid and, in fact, it has been found that up to as much as 10 percent, by weight, of other polymeric material can be blended with the aramid or that copolymers can be used having as much as 10 percent of other diamine substituted for the diamine of the aramid or as much as 10 percent of other diacid chloride substituted for the diacid chloride of the aramid.
• the preferred para-aramid is poly(paraphenylene terephthalamide). Methods for making para-aramid fibers useful are generally disclosed in, for example, United States Patent Nos. 3,869,430;
• aromatic polyamide organic fibers are sold under the trademarks of Kevlar® and Twaron® by respectively, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, of Wilmington, Delaware; and Teijin, Ltd, of Japan.
• fibers based on copoly(p-phenylene/3,4'-diphenyl ether terephthalamide) are defined as para-aramid fibers as used herein.
• Technora® fiber also available from Teijin, Ltd.
• the preferred meta-aramids are poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide)(MPD-I) and its copolymers.
• One such meta-aramid floe is Nomex® aramid fiber available from E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company of Wilmington, DE, however, meta-aramid fibers are available in various styles under the trademarks Conex®, available from Teijin Ltd. of Tokyo, Japan,; Apyeil®, available from Unitika, Ltd. of Osaka, Japan; New Star® Meta-aramid, available from Yantai Spandex Co. Ltd, of Shandongzhou, China; and Chinfunex® Aramid 1313 available from Guangdong Charming Chemical Co.
• Meta-aramid fibers are inherently flame resistant and can be spun by dry or wet spinning using any number of processes; however, U.S. Patent Nos. 3,063,966; 3,227,793; 3,287,324; 3,414,645; and 5,667,743 are illustrative of useful methods for making aramid fibers that could be used.
• Additives can be used with the aramid and, in fact it has been found that up to as much as 10 percent, by weight, of other polymeric material can be blended with the aramid or that copolymers can be used having as much as 10 percent of other diamine substituted for the diamine of the aramid or as much as 10 percent of other diacid chloride substituted for the diacid chloride of the aramid.
• Commercially available carbon fibers include Tenax® fibers available from
• Toho Tenax America, Inc, and commercially available glass fibers include borosilicate glass micro fiber type 253 sold by Johns Manville Co.
• Useful commercially available liquid crystal polyester fibers include Vectran® HS fiber available from Swicofil AG Textile Services.
• Polyphenylene sulfide fiber has good heat resistance, chemical resistance, and hydrolysis resistance. At least 90% of the constituent units of these fibers are of a polymer or copolymer having phenylene sulfide structural units of -(C6 H4 -S)-.
• Polyphenylene sulfide fiber is sold under the tradenames Ryton® by American Fibers and Fabrics, Toray PPS® by Toray Industries Inc., Fortran® by Kureha Chemical Industry Co.
• Polyether-ketone-ketone and polyether-ether-ketone fibers include Zyex® PEEK and Zyex® PEK fibers available from Zyex Ltd. (UK).
• Polyoxadiazole fibers also have good heat resistance and are disclosed in, for example, U. S. Patent No. 4,202,962 to Bach and the Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, VoI 12, p. 322-339 (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1988).
• the polyoxadiazole fiber contains polyarylene-l,3,4-oxadiazole polymer, polyarylene- 1,2,4-oxadiazole polymer, or mixtures thereof.
• the polyoxadiazole fiber contains polyparaphenylene-l,3,4-oxadiazole polymer.
• Suitable polyoxadiazole fibers are known commercially under various tradenames such as Oxalon®, Arselon®, Arselon-C® and Arselon-S® fiber.
• Useful commercially available polybenzazole fibers include Zylon® PBO-AS (Poly(p-phenylene-2,6- benzobisoxazole) fiber, Zylon® PBO-HM (Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole)) fiber, available from Toyobo, Japan.
• the high performance floe has a high modulus.
• high modulus fibers are those having a tensile or Young's modulus of 600 grams per denier (550 grams per dtex) or greater.
• High modulus of the floe provides stiffness and also can provide improved dimensional stability to the paper that can translate to the final applications of the paper.
• the Young's modulus of the fiber is 900 grams per denier (820 grams per dtex) or greater.
• the fiber tenacity is at least 21 grams per denier (19 grams per dtex) and its elongation is at least 2% so as to provide a high level of mechanical properties to the final application of the paper.
• the high modulus floe is heat resistant fiber.
• heat resistant fiber it is meant that the fiber preferably retains 90 percent of its fiber weight when heated in air to 500° C at a rate of 20 degrees Celsius per minute.
• Such fiber is normally flame resistant, meaning the fiber or a fabric made from the fiber has a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) such that the fiber or fabric will not support a flame in air, the preferred LOI range being about 26 and higher.
• the preferred heat resistant fiber is para-aramid fiber, particularly poly(paraphenylene terephthalamide) fiber.
• the fibrids are combined with at least one high performance floe and at least one other floe.
• the at least one other floe is a floe that contains a polymer or copolymer derived from a monomer selected from the group consisting of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and mixtures thereof.
• the fibrids and the floe are combined to form a thermally stable paper.
• the term paper is employed in its normal meaning and it can be prepared using conventional paper-making processes and equipment and processes.
• the fibrous material i.e.
• fibrids and floe can be slurried together to from a mix which is converted to paper such as on a Fourdrinier machine or by hand on a handsheet mold containing a forming screen.
• a mix which is converted to paper
• Several plies with the same or different compositions can be combined together into the final paper structure during forming and/or calendering.
• the paper has a weight ratio of fibrids to floe in the paper composition of from 95:5 to 10:90. In one preferred embodiment, the paper has a weight ratio of fibrids to floe in the paper composition of from 60:40 to 10:90.
• the formed paper has a density of about 0.1 to 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter. In some embodiments the thickness of the formed paper ranges from about 0.002 to 0.015 inches. The thickness of the calendered paper is dependent upon the end use or desired properties and in some embodiments is typically from 0.001 to 0.005 mils (25 to 130 micrometers) thick. In some embodiments, the basis weight of the paper is from 0.5 to 6 ounces per square yard (15 to 200 grams per square meter).
• Additional ingredients such as fillers for the adjustment of paper conductivity and other properties, pigments, antioxidants, etc in powder or fibrous form can be added to the paper composition of this invention.
• an inhibitor can be added to the paper to provide resistance to oxidative degradation at elevated temperatures.
• Preferred inhibitors are oxides, hydroxides and nitrates of bismuth.
• An especially effective inhibitor is a hydroxide and nitrate of bismuth.
• One desired method of incorporating such fillers into the papers is by first incorporating the fillers into the fibrids during fibrid formation.
• Other methods of incorporating additional ingredients into the paper include adding such components to the slurry during paper forming, spraying the surface of the formed paper with the ingredients and other conventional techniques.
• the sulfone groups in the PSA fibrids provide improved sites for accepting printing ink on the surface of the papers over papers having, for example, only MPD-I fibrids as binders.
• the thermally stable paper can be made using a process comprising the steps of: a) forming an aqueous dispersion of 10 to 95 parts by weight polymer fibrids comprising a polymer or copolymer derived from an amine monomer selected from the group consisting of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and mixtures thereof, and 90 to 5 parts by weight of at least one high performance floe selected from the group of para-aramid, meta-aramid, carbon, glass, liquid crystalline polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ketone-ketone, polyether- ether-ketone, polyoxadiazole, polybenzazole, and mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the floe and fibrids; b) blending the dispersion to form a slurry, c) draining the aqueous liquid from the slurry to yield a wet paper composition
• the floe is a mixture of floes further comprising at least one floe containing a polymer or copolymer derived from a monomer selected from the group consisting of 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and mixtures thereof.
• the paper can be formed on equipment of any scale from laboratory screens to commercial-sized papermaking machinery, such as a Fourdrinier or inclined wire machines.
• the general process involves making a dispersion of the fibrids and floe, and optionally additional ingredients such as fillers, in an aqueous liquid, draining the liquid from the dispersion to yield a wet composition and drying the wet paper composition.
• the dispersion can be made either by dispersing the floe in the aqueous liquid and then adding the fibrids or by dispersing the fibrids in the liquid and then adding the fibers.
• the dispersion can also be made by combining a floc-containing dispersion with a fiber-containing dispersion.
• the concentration of floe in the dispersion can range from 0.01 to 1.0 weight percent based on the total weight of the dispersion.
• the concentration of a fibrids in the dispersion can be up to 20 weight percent based on the total weight of solids.
• a portion of the PSA fibrids the aqueous dispersion can be replaced by another, second, non-granular, fibrous or film-like polymer binder.
• binders include fibrids made from another polymer or copolymer.
• the polymer binder is selected from the group of meta-aramid fibrids, para-aramid fibrids, and mixtures thereof.
• the preferred meta-aramid f ⁇ brids are poly(metaphenylene isophthalamide) fibrids.
• dye or pigment is included in the aqueous dispersion to make a colored paper. Any dye or pigment compatible with the final application of the paper and that is adequately bound to the sulfone groups in the paper can be used. In one preferred embodiment, the dye or pigment is added in an amount that results in the desired coloration in the final paper.
• the preferred dyes and pigments can withstand the calendering process, that is, temperatures of 250 degrees Celsius or greater; in some especially preferred embodiments the dyes and pigments can withstand temperatures of 310 degrees Celsius or greater.
• the aqueous liquid of the dispersion is generally water, but may include various other materials such as pH-adjusting materials, forming aids, surfactants, defoamers and the like.
• the aqueous liquid is usually drained from the dispersion by conducting the dispersion onto a screen or other perforated support, retaining the dispersed solids and then passing the liquid to yield a wet paper composition.
• the wet composition once formed on the support, is usually further dewatered by vacuum or other pressure forces and further dried by evaporating the remaining liquid.
• a next step which can be performed if higher density and strength are desired, is calendering one or more layers of the paper in the nip of metal-metal, metal- composite, or composite-composite rolls.
• one or more layers of the paper can be compressed in a platen press at a pressure, temperature and time, which are optimal for a particular composition and final application.
• heat-treatment as an independent step before, after or instead of calendering or compressing can be conducted if strengthening or some other property modification is desired without or in addition to densification.
• the paper is useful as printable material for high temperature tags, labels, and security papers.
• the paper can also be used as a component in materials such as printed wiring boards; or where dielectric properties are useful, such as electrical insulating material for use in motors, transformers and other power equipment.
• the paper can be used by itself or in laminate structures either with or without impregnating resins, as desired.
• the paper is used as an electrical insulative wrapping for wires and conductors.
• the wire or conductor can be totally wrapped, such a spiral overlapping wrapping of the wire or conductor, or can wrap only a part or one or more sides of the conductor as in the case of square conductors. The amount of wrapping is dictated by the application and if desired multiple layers of the paper can be used in the wrapping.
• the paper can also be used as a component in structural materials such as core structures or honeycombs.
• one or more layers of the paper may be used as the primarily material for forming the cells of a honeycomb structure.
• one or more layers of the paper may be used in the sheets for covering or facing the honeycomb cells or other core materials.
• these papers and/or structures are impregnated with a resin such as a phenolic, epoxy, polyimide or other resin.
• the paper may be useful without any resin impregnation.
• Thickness and Basis Weight were determined for papers of this invention in accordance with ASTM D 374 and ASTM D 646 correspondingly. At thickness measurements, method E with pressure on specimen of about 172 kPa was used.
• Density (Apparent Density) of papers was determined in accordance with ASTM D 202.
• Tensile Strength and Elongation were determined for papers of this invention on an Instron-type testing machine using test specimens 2.54 cm wide and a gage length of 18 cm in accordance with ASTM D 828.
• Fibrids from a copolymer of 4, 4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone and 3, 3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone were prepared as follows. A 10% solution of a copolymer of 4, 4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone and 3, 3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone in DMAC was precipitated in a water bath at high shear stress using a Waring blender. The precipitate was then washed with water and dispersed in the same blender with water for 10 minutes to form fibrids. The fibrids had a freeness of about 450 ml Shopper- Riegler.
• a water slurry of these fibrids containing 2.0 grams (dry weight) of the solids was placed together with 2 grams of poly(metaphenylene isophthalamide) floe in a laboratory mixer (British pulp evaluation apparatus) with about 1600 g of water and agitated for 3 minutes, forming a 50/50 percent by weight mixture of f ⁇ brids and floe.
• the poly(metaphenylene isophthalamide) floe had a linear density of 0.22 tex (2.0 denier) and length of 0.64 cm.
• the dispersion was then poured, with 8 liters of water, into an approximately 21 x 21 cm handsheet mold and a wet-laid sheet was formed.
• the sheet was placed between two pieces of blotting paper, hand couched with a rolling pin and dried in a handsheet dryer at 19O 0 C to make formed paper.
• the formed paper was calendered in the metal-metal nip at temperature of 300 C and linear pressure of about 3000 N/cm.
• the final calendered paper had a basis weight of 83.4 g/m 2 , a thickness of 0.094 mm, a density of 0.89 g/cm 3 , a tensile strength of 26.0 N/cm, and an elongation of 3.22%. This paper is printed without prior coating to provide a printed label or tag.
• Example 1 was repeated to make first formed and then calendered paper, however the 50/50 slurry blend of fibrids and floe contained 1.7 grams (dry weight) of fibrids and 1.7 grams of poly(paraphenylene terephthalamide) floe.
• the poly(paraphenylene therephthalamide) floe had a linear density 0.17 tex (1.5 denier) and length of 0.64 cm.
• the final calendered paper had a basis weight of 71.9 g/m 2 , a thickness of 0.079 mm, a density of 0.91 g/cm 3 , a tensile strength of 23.3 N/cm, and an elongation of 1.90%. This paper is printed without prior coating to provide a printed label or tag.
• Example 1 The process of Example 1 is repeated to make first formed and then calendered paper with the addition of 2 grams of the Basacryl Red GL dye, available from BASF Wyandotte Corp., Charlotte, N. C, is added to the 1600 grams of water slurry. The fibrids accept the red dye and a colored paper is made.
• Basacryl Red GL dye available from BASF Wyandotte Corp., Charlotte, N. C
• Example 4 Example 1 is repeated to make first formed and then calendered paper except that 10 weight percent of the poly(metaphenylene isophthalamide) MPD-I floe is replaced with floe made from a copolymer derived from 4,4'diaminodiphenyl sulfone and 3,3'diaminodiphenyl sulfone amine monomers( ⁇ 70:30 ratio) PSA.
• the PSA floe has the same cut length as the MPD-I floe.
• the final floe mixture has a composition of 80% MPD-I floe, 10% PET floe, and 10% PSA floe.
• the final calendered paper is printed without prior coating to provide a printed label or tag.
• Example 1 is repeated to make first formed and then calendered paper except that in the aqueous dispersion 20 weight percent of the PSA fibrids are replaced with MPD-I fibrids.
• the final calendered paper is printed without prior coating to provide a printed label or tag.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=40720042

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (10)

Family Cites Families (65)

• 2007
  • 2007-12-21 US US12/004,719 patent/US8118975B2/en active Active
• 2008
  • 2008-12-20 EP EP20080867488 patent/EP2222917B1/en active Active
  • 2008-12-20 CN CN2008801273070A patent/CN101952510B/zh active Active
  • 2008-12-20 CA CA 2710784 patent/CA2710784A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-12-20 KR KR1020107016133A patent/KR101539129B1/ko active Active
  • 2008-12-20 JP JP2010539919A patent/JP5389819B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-12-20 WO PCT/US2008/087869 patent/WO2009086224A2/en not_active Ceased

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events