Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
  • C25B1/01—Products
  • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
  • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
  • C25B1/044—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water producing mixed hydrogen and oxygen gas, e.g. Brown's gas [HHO]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
  • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
  • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
  • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
  • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
  • F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
  • F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a hydrogen and oxygen generator for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly, to a hydrogen and oxygen (hereinafter, referred to as "gas mixture") generator for an internal combustion engine, in which a gas mixture including hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by electrocherrically decomposing water using the power from the battery of an internal combustion engine (for a vehicle) is supplied into the internal combustion engine, thus reducing fuel consumption and solving air pollution problems in exhaust gas.
• gas mixture hydrogen and oxygen
• a material for an electrode should be a material (stainless steel or nickel) suitable for a high-concentration alkali, and also, there is a need for a large cooling system in proportion to joule heat generated during electrolysis due to low current efficiency. Further, a current density (amount of current per unit area, unit: A/cm 2 ), which is one of the operating conditions, is low, and thus, the area of the electrode cannot but be relatively increased.
• the present invention has been devised keeping in nind the above problems occurring in the related art, and provides a gas mixture generator for an internal combustion engine, in which water (pure water) is electrochenically decomposed, thus producing a gas mixture including hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, which is then supplied to an internal combustion engine, thus reducing fuel consumption and solving air pollution problems in exhaust gas.
• An aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogen and oxygen generator for an internal combustion engine, composed of an electrolysis unit configured to receive and store water for electrolysis, electrolyze the water to thus produce a gas mixture including oxygen gas and hydrogen gas, and discharge the gas mixture through a gas mixture discharge line provided at an upper portion thereof, a temperature control unit for controlling a temperature of the electrolysis unit, and a safety unit for preventing an explosion due to an excessive accumulation of the gas mixture produced in the electrolysis unit, wherein the electrolysis unit includes an electrolyzer for receiving and storing water for electrolysis and an electrolysis module for electrolyzing water to thus produce the gas mixture, and the electrolysis module includes a proton exchange membrane, and a first current supply plate having a polarity and a second current supply plate having an opposite polarity respectively formed at both sides of the proton exchange membrane and having an electrode function and a current supply function.
• a hydrogen and oxygen generator for an internal combustion engine composed of an electrolysis unit configured to receive and store water for electrolysis, electrolyze the water to thus produce a gas mixture including oxygen gas and hydrogen gas, and discharge the gas mixture through a gas mixture discharge line provided at an upper portion thereof, a temperature control unit for controlling a temperature of the electrolysis unit, and a safety unit for preventing an explosion due to an excessive accumulation of the gas mixture produced in the electrolysis unit, wherein the electrolysis unit includes an electrolyzer for receiving and storing water for electrolysis and an electrolysis module for electrolyzing water to thus produce the gas mixture, and the electrolysis module includes, in order to electrolyze water thus producing the gas mixture, an electrolytic cell having a proton exchange membrane and electrode catalyst layers respectively formed at both sides of the proton exchange membrane, and a first current supply plate having a polarity and a second current supply plate having an opposite polarity respectively formed at both sides of the electrolytic cell and having a current supply function.
• the proton exchange membrane may have a thickness of 50-200 ⁇ and may have a hydrocarbon- or fluorocarbon-based polymer and a -SO type strong acid group.
• the electrode catalyst layers may have a thickness of 1-15 ⁇ m.
• the electrode catalyst layers may be formed of one or a metal alloy of two or more selected from the group consisting of platinum group metals (platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, and iridium), gold, silver, chromium, iron, titanium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, silicon, zinc and tin.
• platinum group metals platinum group metals
• the electrolyzer may have a cation exchange resin layer for removing a hardness component from water supplied thereto.
• the cation exchange resin layer may be formed of a strong acid type, a weak acid type or a chelating type polystyrene di- vinylbenzene crosslinkable resin.
• the safety unit may include a pressure switch operating when a pressure of the electrolysis unit reaches 2.5 atm, a safety valve functioning to discharge the gas mixture accumulating in the electrolysis unit to an outside when the pressure of the electrolysis unit reaches 3 atm, and a rupture disk for instantly discharging the gas mixture generated in the electrolysis unit to the outside by force when the pressure of the electrolysis unit reaches 3.5 atm.
• a cooler constituting the temperature control unit may be spaced apart from an upper surface of the electrolyzer by a block, the block may have a gas mixture transport pipe for transporting the gas mixture from the electrolyzer to the cooler and a condensed water transport pipe for transporting condensed water from the cooler to the electrolyzer, and the gas mixture transport pipe may extend toward the cooler to be 1-5 cm higher than the condensed water transport pipe.
• the cooler may have a nist eliminator for increasing a size of water particles which are dispersed.
• the electrolyzer may have a heating member for increasing the temperature of the electrolyzer and a temperature control sensor for measuring the temperature of the electrolyzer to control the heating member.
• a gas mixture generator for an internal combustion engine water (pure water) is electrochenically decomposed, thus producing a gas mixture including hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, which is then supplied to an internal combustion engine, thus reducing fuel consumption and solving air pollution problems in exhaust gas.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows a relation between a gas mixture generator for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention and an intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine;
• FIG. 2 shows the construction of the gas mixture generator for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention;
• FIG. 3 shows an electrolytic cell of the electrolysis module of FIG. 2;
• FIG. 4 schematically shows the electrolysis module of FIG. 2 including an EMC type electrolytic cell
• FIG. 5 schematically shows the electrolysis module of FIG. 2 including a zero-gap type electrolytic cell
• FIG. 6 shows a current- voltage graph depending on the type of electrode catalyst of
• FIG. 7 shows a current-voltage graph depending on the type of electrode catalyst of
• FIG. 8 shows a current- voltage graph depending on the type of electrode catalyst of the inventive examples and comparative examples.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows the relation between the gas mixture generator for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention and the intake and exhaust system of the internal combustion engine.
• dotted lines are related to electricity, and full lines indicate the flow of fluid (gas mixture, air, etc.).
• the intake system of the internal combustion engine includes an air cleaner 100 for removing dust from the air and an engine 110, and the exhaust system thereof includes a catalyst device 120 for oxidizing and reducing harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas into harmless gas and a muffler 130 for reducing exhaust noise.
• the gas mixture generator 200 for an internal combustion engine electrolyzes water which is supplied from the outside using electricity supplied from a battery 140 of the internal combustion engine.
• a dotted line (+) is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 140
• a dotted line (-) is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
• An oil pressure signal si is connected to an oil pressure switch provided in the internal combustion engine so that stoppage or execution signals for the operation of the internal combustion engine are transferred to a control box (not shown) of the gas mixture generator 200, and the control box functions to determine whether the operation of the gas mixture generator 200 is executed or stopped in response to these signals.
• the gas mixture generated in the gas mixture generator 200 may be supplied into an intake line between the air cleaner 100 and the engine 110 through a gas mixture discharge line s2 to improve combustion efficiency and decrease the exhaust pollutants, or may be supplied upstream of a catalyst system 120 for oxidation and reduction through a gas mixture discharge line s3 in order to remove only the exhaust pollutants.
• FIG. 2 shows the construction of the gas mixture generator for an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• the gas mixture generator 200 for an internal combustion engine according to the embodiment of the present invention only water is electrochenically decomposed, unlike the prior techniques including adding an electrolyte such as potassium hydroxide (KOH) to water.
• KOH potassium hydroxide
• the gas mixture generator 200 includes an upper block 202, an intermediate block
• a lower block 20 ⁇ an electrolyzer 20% and a cooler 210 a lower block 20 ⁇ an electrolyzer 20% and a cooler 210.
• the upper block 202 includes a water supply pipe 212 for supplying water, a first safety member 214, a second safety member 216, a third safety member 21% a gas mixture discharge pipe 220, and a water-level sensor holder 222.
• the top of the water supply pipe 212 is covered with a protective cap for preventing the leakage of water.
• the upper block 202 includes first, second and third safety members 214,
• the first safety member 214 is a pressure switch operating when the pressure of the gas mixture generator 200 reaches 2.5 atm, so that a warning sound or signal is transferred to the control box (not shown).
• the second safety member 216 is a safety valve for discharging the gas mixture accumulated in the gas mixture generator 200 to the outside when the pressure of the gas mixture generator 200 reaches 3 atm, and is able to restore the normal function thereof.
• the third safety member 218 is a rupture disk for instantly discharging the gas mixture generated in the gas mixture generator 200 to the outside by force when the pressure of the gas mixture generator 200 reaches 3.5 atm, and is unable to restore the normal function thereof.
• the upper block 202 includes a gas mixture discharge pipe 220.
• the gas mixture discharge pipe 220 functions to supply the gas mixture from the electrolyzer 208 into the internal combustion engine.
• the gas mixture discharge pipe 220 is provided with a flow rate controller 226 for controlling the flow rate.
• the flow rate controller 226 may be a flow-rate pressure regulator for adjusting pressure to control the flow rate.
• the intermediate block 204 functions to separate the electrolyzer 208 and the cooler
• the 210 from each other, and includes a gas mixture transport pipe 228 for transporting the gas mixture from the electrolyzer 208 into the cooler 210, and a condensed water transport pipe 230 for transporting condensed water from the cooler 210 to the electrolyzer 208.
• the gas mixture transport pipe 228 should be formed to be 1-5 cm higher than the condensed water transport pipe 230. If the difference in height between the gas mixture transport pipe 228 and the condensed water transport pipe 230 is 1 cm or less, condensed water may be transported into the gas mixture transport pipe 228. The preferred difference in height therebetween is 2-3 cm.
• the lower block 206 includes a discharge pipe 232 and a discharge valve 234 which are there in order to discharge water to the outside, a first terminal 236 for a positive pole of supply current and a second terminal 238 for a negative pole of supply current provided in order to supply current to the electrolysis module 248.
• the temperature and pressure of the cooler 210 determine the amount of water which is accompanied by the gas mixture being transported to the internal combustion engine (not shown) through the gas mixture discharge pipe 220. As the temperature of the cooler becomes higher, the amount of evaporating water increases, and thus, the temperature of the cooler must be maintained low. However, in order to maintain the temperature too low, additional power consumption is increased. So, it is important to set the appropriate operating conditions.
• the temperature may be appropriately maintained at about 1O 0 C.
• the temperature of the cooler 210 is controlled using a temperature switch 240 and a cooling fan 242.
• the temperature switch 240 functions to operate the cooling fan 242 when the temperature of the cooler 210 exceeds a predetermined temperature, and to stop the operation of the cooling fan 242 when the temperature of the cooler 210 is below a predetermined temperature.
• a rrist eliminator 244 is disposed on the cooler 210.
• the rrist eliminator 244 functions to increase the size of water particles which are dispersed.
• the large water particles made in the nist eliminator 244 drop under gravity to the lower portion of the cooler 210 and then are transported into the electrolyzer 208 along the condensed water transport pipe 230 of the intermediate block 204.
• the electrolyzer 208 for electrolyzing water is located between the intermediate block 204 and the lower block 206.
• the electrolyzer 208 functions to store water and to produce the gas mixture, in addition to the water electrolysis function.
• the electrolyzer includes an ion exchange resin layer 246 for maintaining the quality of water, an electrolysis module 248 for producing the gas mixture, a temperature control sensor 250, and a level sensor 252.
• the ion exchange resin layer 246 plays a role in eliminating hardness components
• ion exchange resin layer 246 Provided at the lower and upper ends of the ion exchange resin layer 246 is a mat type film 254 for holding the ion exchange resin.
• the cation exchange resin charged in the ion exchange resin layer 246 includes strong acid type, weak acid type or chelating type polystyrene divinylbenzene crosslinkable resins.
• the preferred cation exchange resin includes a strong acid type or chelating type polystyrene divinylbenzene crosslinkable resin.
• the temperature control sensor 250 functions to measure the temperature of the electrolyzer 208 so that the temperature is maintained in the range between the upper temperature limit and the lower temperature limit.
• the upper temperature limit of the electrolyzer 208 is set to 8O 0 C. If the temperature is above 8O 0 C, a signal for stopping the operation of the gas mixture generator 200 is transferred to the external control box (not shown), thus stopping the operation of the gas mixture generator 200.
• the lower temperature limit of the electrolyzer 208 is set to 5 0 C.
• the temperature signal is transferred to the control box, so that a heating member (e.g., heater) (not shown) is operated to increase the temperature of the electrolyzer 208.
• the level sensor 252 functions to sense the water level of the electrolyzer 208 so as to send information about the water level to the control box. If so, the control box functions to inform an operator of signals (e.g. lamp signals) for water supplement and signals (e.g. lamp signals) for indicating whether the water level has reached an appropriate level upon supplementation of water.
• signals e.g. lamp signals
• signals e.g. lamp signals
• FIG. 3 shows the electrolytic cell of the electrolysis module of FIG. 2. As shown in
• the electrolytic cell 300 is used to electrochenically decompose water to thus produce the gas mixture including hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
• a toxic material such as potassium hydroxide (KOH) is not used, and the electrolytic cell has an anode catalyst layer 310, a proton exchange membrane 320 and a cathode catalyst layer 330.
• the proton exchange membrane 320 is a solid polymer electrolyte, and has a thickness of 50-200 ⁇ m.
• the proton exchange membrane 320 makes migration of anions along the inside thereof impossible but should enable the migration of cations, namely, protons, and should also have heat resistance to temperature and durability in an electrochemical redox atmosphere.
• the proton exchange membrane is preferably formed of a polymer structure having a hydrocarbon- or fluorocarbon-based polymer and an ion transport group enabling the selective migration of cations, such as sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid and phosphoric acid.
• a membrane structure including a hydrocarbon- or fluorocarbon-based polymer having superior heat resistance and oxidation resistance and a -SO type strong acid group is particularly useful.
• a representative example of such a proton exchange membrane 320 is Nafion, available from E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Del.
• Each of the electrode catalyst layers 310, 330 of the electrolytic cell 300 may include a catalyst, and may have not only a catalyst but also a polymer.
• the ion exchange resin may function as a binder of the catalyst layer.
• the ion exchange resin contained in the catalyst layer may be the same as or different from the ion exchange resin constituting the proton exchange membrane 320. In the case where the thickness of the catalyst layer is increased, coating may be repeated until a predetermined film thickness is obtained.
• the metal catalyst may be one or a metal alloy of two or more selected from the group consisting of platinum group metals (platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, and iridium), gold, silver, chromium, iron, titanium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, silicon, zinc and tin.
• platinum group metals platinum group metals (platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, and iridium)
• gold silver, chromium, iron, titanium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, silicon, zinc and tin.
• the thickness of the electrode catalyst layers 310, 330 and the proton exchange membrane 320 is not limited. If the proton exchange membrane 320 is thinner than 50 ⁇ i ⁇ ) a short may be caused. On the other hand, if the proton exchange membrane 320 is thicker than 200 ⁇ m resistance is increased and voltage becomes drastically high. Thus, the thickness thereof may be set to 50-200 ⁇ m.
• the electrode catalyst layers 310, 330 become thicker, water and hydrogen or oxygen is easily diffused, thus improving the properties of the electrolytic cell 300.
• the thickness of the electrode catalyst layers 310, 330 is above 20 ⁇ m. the catalyst is excessively used, thus causing the problem of loss of the catalyst.
• the thickness thereof is below 1 ⁇ m, the amount of catalyst per unit area is small, thus lowering the reaction activity.
• the thickness of the catalyst layer may be set to 1-15 ⁇ m.
• the electrolytic cell 300 should be constructed to be suitable for producing the gas mixture. Depending on the method of maintaining the gap between the anode catalyst layer 310, the proton exchange membrane 320 and the cathode catalyst layer 330, the electrolytic cell may be manufactured into a zero-gap type, a finite gap type, or an electrode membrane composite (EMC) type.
• EMC electrode membrane composite
• the zero-gap type is structured such that the gap between the proton exchange membrane 320 and the electrode catalyst layers 310, 330 is zero (0 mm) and thus they are brought into close contact with each other, and the finite gap type is structured such that the proton exchange membrane 320 and the electrode catalyst layers 310, 330 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined gap.
• the EMC type is structured such that the proton exchange membrane 320 and the electrode catalyst layers 310, 330 are integrated with each other.
• FIG. 4 schematically shows the electrolysis module of FIG. 2 including the EMC type electrolytic cell.
• the electrolysis module 400 (248 of FIG. 2) includes an EMC type electrolytic cell 402, a first current supply plate 404 having a polarity, a second current supply plate 406 having an opposite polarity, and a pair of holders 408.
• To the first and second current supply plates 404, 406 are respectively connected terminals 410, 412 (236, 238 of FIG. 2) for connection with an external power source (not shown, a battery of an internal combustion engine).
• the migration path of current (the flow of electrons) is as follows.
• current migrates to the external power source through the first current supply plate 404, the EMC type electrolytic cell 402, the second current supply plate 406 having an opposite polarity, and the terminal 412 of the second current supply plate 406.
• the material suitable for the first and second current supply plates 404, 406 includes titanium, tantalum, monel, nickel, stainless steel, etc. Preferably, this material is coated with a platinum group element having high conductivity through pyrolysis or electroplating.
• the first and second current supply plates 404, 406 may have a porous structure for facilitating the inflow and outflow of water and generated gas.
• the electrolysis module 400 is integrated by inserting the bolts in holes a, b respectively formed at the same positions of the EMC type electrolytic cell 402, the first and second current supply plates 404, 406 and the pair of holders 408 and then fastening the bolts with a nut.
• the holder 408 is made of a nonconductor through which electricity does not flow, and is preferably made of a plastic material.
• FIG. 5 schematically shows the electrolysis module of FIG. 2 including the zero-gap type electrolytic cell.
• the electrolysis module 450 with the zero- gap type electrolytic cell includes a proton exchange membrane 452, first and second current supply plates 454, 456 responsible for an electrode function and a current supply function, and a pair of holders 458.
• This electrolysis module 450 is constructed similarly to the electrolysis module of
• FIG. 4 with the exception that the proton exchange membrane 452 of FIG. 5 is responsible for the function of the EMC type electrolytic cell 402 of FIG. 4, and the first and second current supply plates 404, 406 of FIG. 4 play the sole role of supplying current but the first and second current supply plates 454, 456 of FIG. 5 function not only to supply current but also as the electrode catalyst.
• the modules of FIGS. 4 and 5 are the same as each other in terms of the other constructions including the migration path of current.
• the electrode catalyst Nafion ionomer (Aldrich, USA) and a PTFE
• the anode catalyst layer, the solid poljmer electrolyte, and the cathode catalyst layer were hot-pressed together at 12O 0 C under a pressure of 100 kgfcm for 7 nin. Before electrochemical measurement, MEA was swollen in DI water for 24 hours.
• a punched titanium substrate having holes of 2 mm in diameter was coated with iridium oxide, after which the positive pole of a current supply source was connected to the first current supply plate and the negative pole of the current supply source was connected to the second current supply plate.
• the electrolysis module was placed in pure water and cell voltage (unit: voltage) depending on the amount of current was measured.
• FIG. 6 shows a current-voltage graph depending on the type of electrode catalyst in
• Inventive Example 1 illustrates the experimental data having the greatest performance among the results of FIG. 6.
• Pt-M-Pt EMC type electrolytic cell
• RuCl ruthenium chloride
• a punched titanium substrate having holes of 2 mm in diameter was coated with iridium oxide, after which the positive pole of a current supply source was connected to the first current supply plate and the negative pole of the current supply source was connected to the second current supply plate.
• the electrolysis module was placed in pure water and cell voltage (unit: voltage) depending on the amount of current was measured.
• FIG. 7 shows a current- voltage graph depending on the type of electrode catalyst of Inventive Example 2.
• (+) indicates the catalyst component of the anode catalyst layer
• (-) indicates the catalyst component of the cathode catalyst layer.
• Inventive Example 2 illustrates the experimental data having the greatest performance among the results of FIG. 7.
• a punched titanium substrate having holes of 2 mm in diameter was coated with iridium oxide, after which the positive pole of a current supply source was connected to the first current supply plate and the negative pole of the current supply source was connected to the second current supply plate.
• the electrolysis module was placed in 25% potassium hydroxide and cell voltage (unit: voltage) depending on the amount of current was measured.
• the gas mixture generator for an internal combustion engine can enhance combustion efficiency and can inhibit the generation of pollutants in exhaust gas, and thus can be applied to automobiles, trucks, buses, turbo cars, etc., having gasoline internal combustion engines or diesel internal combustion engines, and fork lifts or tractors using propane, methane or natural gas.

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• 2007
  • 2007-12-06 KR KR1020070125943A patent/KR101014388B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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