WO2009068831A2

WO2009068831A2 - Temporary, modular, demountable, portable and remountable housing structure

Info

Publication number: WO2009068831A2
Application number: PCT/FR2008/052057
Authority: WO
Inventors: Eric Bidon
Original assignee: Abilmo
Priority date: 2007-11-15
Filing date: 2008-11-14
Publication date: 2009-06-04
Also published as: FR2923851A1; WO2009068831A3; ATE518995T1; EP2220301B1; FR2923851B1; EP2220301A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a temporary, modular housing structure that is demountable (1'), portable and remountable (1), the mounted structure (1) being substantially parallelepiped with a base (2) including a floor (12), at least four walls (3, 4, 5, 6) and a roof (7), the adjacent walls being maintained together in pairs by corner brackets, each of the corner brackets being arranged substantially vertically at each corner of the structure, at least one of the walls having an opening with a door for accessing the inside of said structure, the demounted structure (1') in its storage or transport position having a reduced thickness due to the planar stacking onto the base of the walls and of the roof. According to the invention, the base has a thickness higher than the thickness of the floor, said floor being secured at the upper portion of the base and a sanitary gap being defined under the floor in the thickness of the base, and at least one storage casing (8) accessible through an opening in the periphery of the base is formed in said sanitary gap, the at least one storage casing being adapted for receiving one or some or all of the corner bracket(s) in the demounted storage or transport position.

Description

Modular temporary accommodation structure, removable, transportable and remountable

The present invention relates to a modular temporary accommodation structure that is removable, transportable and remountable. It has applications in the field of civil engineering and especially the creation of temporary housing volumes, including type of hotel.

Housing structures are known that are removable and reassemblable and can be transported or stored in a reduced volume. In particular, application FR-2 876 1 26 relates to a habitable, foldable and transportable volume, applications FR-2 887 569 and FR-2

645,561 relate to expandable structures and demand

WO2005 / 111908 relates to a foldable and unfoldable house structure.

If such structures have advantages over non-demountable prefabricated homes, especially in terms of ease of transport, they still have certain limitations.

For example, the stacking of such disassembled / folded structures for transport or storage is not optimized particularly in terms of stability. The transport and storage of the accessory elements of the structure, in particular mounting accessories or the possible furniture, is also not optimized and requires specific management.

The object of the present invention is to provide a modular structure with optimized operation.

Thus, the invention relates to a modular temporary housing structure, removable, transportable and remountable, the mounted structure being substantially parallelepiped with a base having a floor, at least four walls and a roof, the adjacent walls being held together, two to two, by corner angles, each of the corner angles being arranged substantially vertically at each corner of the structure, at least one of the walls having an opening with an access door inside said structure, the disassembled structure in the storage or transport position being of reduced thickness by stacking flat on the base of the walls and then of the roof.

According to the invention, the base has a thickness greater than the thickness of the floor, said floor being fixed towards the upper part of the base and a crawl space being made under the floor in the thickness of said base, and in that at least one storage space accessible through an orifice on the periphery of the base is formed in said crawl space, the / at least one of the storage compartments being intended for receive corner wedge (s) during disassembled storage or disassembled transport.

In various embodiments of this invention, the following means can be used alone or in any technically possible combination, are employed:

- at least one spar is extended in the crawl space,

the spar supports the floor, (in addition to being a reinforcement for the peripheral walls of the base),

- At least one of the walls has at least one window, - The base and the roof in disassembled configuration (for storage or transport) are joined together along their periphery and define internally a storage volume in which the walls are stacked to dish,

the base and the roof in disassembled configuration are fixed together by at least one removable fastening means intended to prevent separation between said base and said roof,

at least one or the walls are fixed to the base in a configuration mounted by removable fixing means, (fasteners dismounted in the disassembled configuration of the modular structure, the walls being flat), at least one or the walls are fixed to the base by articulated fastening means allowing the flat folding in the base of each wall in disassembled configuration and the vertical unfolding of each wall in mounted configuration of the modular structure,

- the walls are panels with two rigid faces separated by insulation, - the roof has a U-shaped flange open at the bottom and intended to receive by interlocking the upper edges of the walls,

- The roof has on its underside, along its periphery a U-shaped open downwardly for fitting the upper edges of the walls during assembly of the structure, - the roof is fixed to the walls by removable fastening means,

the base comprises, along its periphery, casing pieces for fitting the lower edges of the walls during assembly of the structure,

the base and the roof have substantially rectangular shapes of similar dimensions,

- The width of the floor is slightly greater than the height of the walls, (the difference in size is typically between about 1 cm and 1 0cm so that you can easily install the walls in the base and remove them from there) - the side walls along the length of the floor are foldable on themselves,

- the length of the floor is slightly greater than the height of the walls, - the length of the floor is substantially greater than twice the height of the walls,

the length of the floor is substantially equal to twice the height of the walls,

- The front and rear walls on the width of the floor are foldable on themselves,

the roof comprises means for gripping by a hoisting apparatus,

the gripping means are vertical through holes of a hook of the slung hub type locked by keying,

the gripping means are finger passage orifices of an elevator fork,

- the storage boxes have storage drawers,

- the drawers are lockable,

- the drawers have two directions of opening,

each corner angle is formed of an inner plate mounted towards the inside of the structure and an outer plate mounted towards the outside of the structure, the inner plate and the outer plate being held together by at least one means of detachable clamping, said clamping means for bringing said two plates closer and tighter by pinching the adjacent edges of the two walls and being removable for loosening said two plates and releasing the edges of the walls,

corner angles are metal and aluminum,

the removable clamping means is screwed / unscrewed,

- The removable clamping means is rocker (tilting lever), - the mounted structure further comprises externally a corner angle cover at the four corners of the structure,

- The mounted structure has feet at its four corners to rest on a floor and the feet each comprise a vertical axis integral with the base and a removable sole, structure mounted the sole resting on the ground, said sole being articulated on the axis. by a pivot,

- the foot axes are adjustable in height relative to the base, (for adaptation to steep or uneven ground),

- The foot pins are threaded rods, each threaded rod having a hub clavetable at its end, - the hub is keyed in a sole,

- the hub is keyed into a roof foot hole,

at least one of the storage compartments is intended to receive the soles of the feet of the disassembled structure, the foot axes are removable from the base,

at least one of the storage compartments is intended to receive the foot axes of the disassembled structure,

the base comprises, at its four corners, foot orifices intended to receive the foot axes; the roof comprises, at its four corners, foot apertures intended to receive the foot axes of a base of another structure disposed at the above when stacking structures, (structures being mounted

- dwellings with floors - or dismantled - for transport or storage -

) the foot pins introduced into the roof foot holes are held there by screwing,

- The foot pins introduced into the foot of the roof holes are held by keying,

the foot orifices of the base and of the roof intended to receive foot pins are through and are superposed when the roof is placed on the base in the disassembled configuration,

at least one spar is extended in the thickness of the roof,

- The base further comprises a spar extended upwardly at its periphery and the roof further comprises a spar extended downwardly at its periphery, during storage disassembled or disassembled transport, the upper edge of the spar of the base coming into contact the lower edge of the roof spar to close the structure and define between the base and the roof an internal storage space for possible furniture disassembled flat on the floor and for walls stacked flat, - the longest wall that is disposed flat just above the furniture in the internal storage space, also said basic wall, to such dimensions that said basic wall rests at least along at least two of its opposite edges on wedging means, the wedging means having a height such that said basic wall is not in contact with the disassembled furniture flat on the floor,

the basic wall rests on at least one wedging means at least along the edge opposite to the articulation of said wall on the base, - The wedging means are disposed at the periphery of the floor, the basic wall resting along at least three of its edges (particularly if hinged) or along its four edges on said wedging means,

the wedging means are removable wedges, said wedges being arranged in at least one storage space of the mounted structure,

baseboards are integrated in the spar of the base,

the structure comprises dismountable furniture internally and the removable furniture consists of panels (the term panel covers both an extended surface, a reduced surface such as a square or rectangular profile) substantially planar or slightly curved, at least one part of the panels of a removable furniture being fixed to each other by a hinge and at least one of said panels of a piece of furniture being fixed by a hinge on the floor, - the panels of a piece of furniture are continuous, (not perforated),

- the panels of a piece of furniture are perforated, (for example the feet of the furniture),

- one of the furniture is a bed or a table or a chair,

- the bed or table mounted has a substantially horizontal entablature panel (for the bed is a frame / bed tray for supporting a mattress and for the table is a table top) and at least two panels substantially vertical legs at two opposite ends of the entablature panel, one of the foot panels being fixed by a hinge to the floor and the panels being all fixed together by a hinge,

the mounted bed or table comprises a substantially horizontal entablature panel and a substantially vertical foot panel at a first of two opposite ends of the entablature panel, the foot panel being fixed by a hinge to the floor and the panel of foot being fixed to the entablature panel by a hinge, the second end (or even another edge of the entablature) of the two opposite ends of the entablature panel being detachably attached to (at least one of the walls if several edges of the entablature) one of the vertical walls of the structure, - the structure further comprises, when mounted, sanitary, said sanitary being arranged in a rigid block prefabricated independent, substantially parallelepiped, and attached by an attachment face against one of the walls of said structure which comprises a communication opening towards said sanitary block, said sanitary block e having a sanitary opening in correspondence with the communication opening,

- sanitary opening has a door,

the communication opening has no door; the sanitary opening corresponds to a passage in a joining wall forming the joining face of the toilet block;

the sanitary opening is delimited by the communication opening, the sanitary block having a wall on the side of its joining face,

the sanitary block has a height substantially identical to that of the mounted structure,

the sanitary block comprises a substantially rectangular sanitary base, the joining face having a length substantially equal to the width of the structure,

- The base has two feet at the two corners of said base which are opposite to the face of attachment, the base being attached to the base of the structure on the side of the face of joining, (we take advantage of the corners feet of the structure sanitary block side),

- the toilet block is fixed at its upper part to the roof of the structure,

- the toilet block is installed on a sanitary platform integral with the structure,

- the toilet block has a shower,

- the toilet block has toilets,

- the toilet block has a sink,

the sanitary block comprises a sanitary base and a roof which are substantially rectangular, the joining face having a length substantially equal to the width of the structure and the base comprises two feet at the two corners of said base which are opposed to the face the height of the sanitary block is substantially equal to the height of the structure, the roof of the structure and the roof of the toilet block being secured together by at least two connecting pieces, each connecting piece comprising two pins intended for engage in adjacent openings in the roof edge of the structure and roof of the toilet block,

preferably the orifices are in the corners of said roofs,

preferably the orifices are the foot orifices of the said roofs; the base is furthermore fixed to the base of the modular structure on the side of the joining face,

- the base is also attached to the sanitary platform,

- A bellows ensures the seal between the structure and the toilet block, said bellows being a tube (closed) or semi-tube (open side block) flexible, fixed in a sealed manner on the sanitary block and internally comprising an elastic means tending to extend said tube or semi-tube and preferably, the sanitary opening corresponds to a passage in a connecting wall forming the joining face of the sanitary block and said bellows is disposed at the periphery of said sanitary opening on the wall of attachment,

the structure includes integrated electrical wiring (strong and weak current, including telephone, smoke alarm, fire, computer network, television, etc.); the structure can be manipulated by a lifting member, said lifting member comprising a metal plate comprising on each side of the forks of forklift fork tubes and fixed at the four corners of the plate, four chains with end fingers, said fingers being clavetable in the foot holes of the roof. Thanks to the invention, all phases of deployment of temporary accommodation, storage, transport, assembly and dismantling of rooms, are optimized. Indeed, the fact of having removable modular structures gives many advantages: disassembled, they reduce congestion, promote transport and facilitate their deployment. Raised, they are fully equipped, have individual sanitary and meet all standards of the accommodation sector.

The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a non-limiting exemplary embodiment in which: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a mounted modular structure (unfolded) with toilet block, Figure 2 shows structures modular dismounted (folded) stacked for transport on the tray of a semi-trailer, Figure 3 shows a side view in partial transparency of a dismounted modular structure (folded) with its feet installed to view including the walls stored flat FIGS. 4 to 9 schematically show the mounting steps (unfolding) of the modular structure, FIG. 10 represents a perspective view of a toilet block with two end feet installed, FIG. 11 represents a partial transparency view of the sanitary block of FIG. 10 allowing to visualize its internal sanitary equipment and in particular a shower, FIG. 12 represents the base of the modular structure seen in transparency, FIG. in transparency a periphery spar of the base of the modular structure, FIG. 14 is a transparent representation of the base and roof periphery spars of the modular structure which are intended to come into contact in disassembled condition (transport or storage) of the structure Modular, Figure 1 represents an enlargement of one of the two corners of the roof of the modular structure, sanitary block side, to better visualize a connecting piece having two pins for engaging in adjacent holes of roof corners (foot holes) of the structure and roof of the toilet block (not shown here), Figure 1 6 represents a foot being assembled Figure 17 shows a top view of a sole plate, Figures 1 8, 1 9, 20 and 21 schematically represent functions of the foot orifices which are arranged at the four corners. of the base and the roof, respectively actual foot, stabilizing stack of folded modular structures with and without keying and receiving clavetable lifting member, Figures 22 and 23 show partial partial views of isolations between modular structure and sanitary block, respectively in horizontal section and front view of the connecting wall of the toilet block, Figures 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D represent alternative embodiments of modular structures, the first being the application Figure 25 shows a partial and simplified sectional view of a disassembled (folded) modular structure, Figures 26, 27 show cross-sectional and front-facing views. In the case of wall edge clamping wedges with camouflage outer cover (bonnet) and inside (exotic wood rod), Figures 28A, 28B, 28C and 28D represent means used in a lifting member. for indirect manipulation of a modular structure by forklift means, Figures 29 and 30 show a detail of the base for viewing a drawer in retracted and open position respectively, and Figure 31 is a sectional view of a corner angle variant. The structure more specifically described relates to removable modular housing, windable by folding and unfolding respectively. It allows in particular the creation of easily movable accommodation by assembling several of these structures. Equivalent structures adapted to other functions than housing can be associated with such as a reception room, service rooms, catering, guarding ... It is understood, however, that such a modular structure can be put implemented in other contexts such as a field hospital or other applications.

In Figure 1, the modular structure 1 of the invention comprises a base 2 with floor, walls (side 4, 6 and front 3 and rear 5) and a roof 7. When the modular structure is disassembled (folded) 2, the base 2 and the roof 7 are contiguous, the assembly then being of reduced height and forming, as shown in FIG. 3, an internal storage space for the flat walls 3, 4, 5, 6 as well as the furniture 1 3 also flat. A locking latch system ensures the mechanical and waterproof closure of the roof and the base including the floor in the disassembled (folded) configuration.

The dimensions of the modular structure are typically as follows. Modular structure disassembled (for storage or transport): length 4,40m, width 2,37m height 0,48m. Modular structure mounted: external length 4.40m and internal 4.24m, external width 2.37m and internal 2.21m, external height 2.55m and internal 2.30m. The weight of a complete modular structure is greater than or equal to 1.4 tons.

The proposed structure includes integrated electrical wiring and, if necessary, and as needed: telephone, computer network, video (TV, cable). The power supply of the modular structure is carried out by the outer peripheral beams. The modular structure is essentially covered with a layer of polyurethane base paint, for example metallic gray color. The inner surface of each modular structure is relatively large floor of about 1 0m ² per room. Extensive soundproofing is implemented with high density acoustic insulation.

Individual sanitary facilities are available by joining the modular structure of a prefabricated sanitary block (pre-assembled). The block Sanitary offers an area of approximately 2m ² with integrated shower. The sanitary block has the following typical dimensions: length 1,403m, width 1,035m and height 2,20m.

A reversible air conditioning (hot & cold) individual and, for the sanitary block, a production of individual hot water (electric balloon) are implemented in the modular structure and / or the sanitary block. Modular structures can be connected to a public electricity grid as well as to a drinking water distribution network. Effluents can also be recovered for shipment to a wastewater treatment system. In a particular embodiment, autonomy is possible for both water (drinking water tank and wastewater tank) and electricity (individual or collective generator).

Thus, fluid management (power and evacuation) are designed to connect to the mains drainage, preferably the toilets operate in a closed circuit with water supply and wastewater recovery (use of blowers and tanks) without compromising the comfort of the users. This asset makes it possible to install the rooms with the same quality of reception in any type of environment. In addition, the proposed modular structures can meet various standards and regulations.

The dimensions of the modular structure and the toilet block (besides being substantially identical for certain parts in relation), can be adapted to the needs. However, the objective being the ease of movement, the dimensions will rather be chosen to allow easy transport of said disassembled modular structures.

The roof 7 is a set of metal elements joined by welds. The roof 7 has a sealed roof. These elements include galvanized profiles or shots (quality SA 2,5) covered with a layer of epoxy paint with high zinc content, as well as two topcoats. A lifting member (described below) that can be attached to the four corners of the roof allows handling by crane or forklift depending on availability and the environment of the ground ... The roof of the modular structure comprises a 40 mm FESCO NUE® type insulation complex, then a SIPLAST® slate-finish, two-layer, SIPLAST®, elastomeric waterproofing topcoat, with a thermal conductivity λ = 0.023Wm ^"1 K ^{" 1} and a thermal resistance: r = 1, 74m ² . K. W ^"1 and the inner face is made by a plenum of 60 mm and a CLIPSO® suspended false ceiling on edge angle, with fire rating of the false ceiling: MO.

The base 2 comprising the floor 12 is formed of a carrying structure made of folded sections galvanized sheet electrogalvanized thickness 2.5 mm and assembled by welding at the corners. In long pan, as shown in Figure 13, profiles (peripheral spars) are notched so as to receive, on the one hand, drawers 8 storage / storage and, on the other hand, two sleeves 9 composed of 150 x 65 tubes mm, 920 mm center distance for handling a forklift for superposition of folded modular structures or other manipulations and, preferably, allowing handling on each side of the base. The joists of the floor support are made by tubular profiles 70 X 70 X 2. In Figure 1, drawers 8 are open for explanatory reasons. Figure 12 allows to better visualize the elements arranged in the thickness (especially in the crawl space under the floor) of the base 2 and, in particular the sleeves 9 and drawers 8.

With regard to the drawers 8, Figures 29 and 30 details their structure and operation. A drawer in the closed position is rent inside the base, under the floor (Figure 29) and is accessible on both sides of the modular structure because it has a length that corresponds to the width of said modular structure. Thus, the drawer can open on both sides of the base through the longitudinal members of said base (double-ended arrows continuous side shown open Figure 30 or dotted on the other side). A rail slide system allows the opening and closing movements of said drawer.

The floor 12 of the base 2 consists of an insulated sandwich panel type SOL with a thickness of 42 mm. It has a thermal resistance R = 2.6 m ² . K. W ^"1. The floor covering is made of PVC or laminate flooring The construction method allows an operating surcharge of 250 kg / m ² .

Four feet 10 stabilizers are placed at the four corners of the base and allow to establish the plumb of the platform. Adjustment of the plumb is done through the gable deck profiles. A level (spirit level horizontality) located on the rear pinion to measure the plumb modular structures. As shown in FIG. 16, each foot 10 is formed of a substantially vertical root axis 18 ending in a sole 19 at a pivot joint, preferably of the ball-and-socket type, the sole resting on the ground. sole 19 on the foot is laterally and once the patella engaged laterally in the sole, said sole can not fall when the structure is raised from the ground or in the air. Figure 17 provides a better view of the lateral opening of the sole 19 for receiving the patella of the foot.

The axis of the foot is adjustable in height relative to the base to which it is fixed in foot orifices, through or not, substantially vertical type of tubes that are made at the four corners of the base (and also the roof) . The foot axes are therefore arranged in the base orifices of the base. These footholes of the base and the roof are found superimposed (coaxial) when the roof is placed on the base in disassembled (folded) configuration of the modular structure. Thus, when the modular structures are stacked on each other, the soles being removed, the foot axis of the base of an upper structure of the stack is locked in the foot hole of the roof of the structure Modular just below, which stabilizes the stack. Preferably, the foot axes of the lowest disassembled modular structure of the stack are removed so that the base rests on its bottom face on the ground (storage) or a semitrailer plate (transport) unless corresponding ports have been provided on the semi-trailer bed. Note that the foot holes of the roof are also used in configuration mounted to receive connecting pieces 11 for fixing the toilet block as explained more specifically elsewhere. In Figure 18 we can see the foot function with a foot 18 inserted into a foot hole 21 of the base 2 and will receive a sole 19 at its end. In this embodiment, the sole (stabilization plate fixed by simple keying) is held at the end (hub on threaded rod M1) of the foot axle (threaded rod to allow adjustment in height by screwing / unscrewing) by a key 23.

FIG. 19 shows the stack stabilization function of folded modular structures with, in this variant embodiment, the end-of-foot wedge (hub on threaded rod) with single key 23 passed through a lateral orifice of the roof 7, the foot end 18 of the base 2 of a modular structure folded from the top of the stack being introduced into the foot hole 21 of the roof 7 of the modular structure of the bottom. Keying allows the locking of modular structures, especially during transport. In Figure 20 we can see a variant of the previous stack stabilization function of folded modular structures, in which it does not implement key, the introduction of the foot axes 18 of a base 2 in the orifices foot 21 of the adjacent roof 7 being sufficient to stabilize the stack. The foot orifices in particular at the level of the roof 7 are arranged in hub support plates (end of the foot axes) during transport.

In Figure 21 we can see the clavetable lifting member receiving function (the latter will be described more precisely in relation to Figures 28A to 28D). The roof foot holes 21 of folded modular structure (or roof alone) can also receive the cable end fingers 22 or chain of the lifting member. These fingers have a clavable end hub in the foot hole of the roof. Note that, preferably, the key 23 C2 used is made captive by a link with the finger 22 of the lifting member.

The modular structure has interior furniture 13 and ceiling lighting. The ceiling lighting remains stored in the folded modular structure, above the walls folded flat. Each piece of furniture that can remain stored in the base of the disassembled structure, rests with at least one foot fixed on the floor 12 by a hinge and is foldable to be laid flat, lying on the floor. Other foldable furniture may not have a floor attachment while remaining storable flat in the base. The furniture fire rating is M3. Note that some of the furniture can be attached in a removable manner to the walls. Thus, for example, the headboard may be a part of wall, the frame or bed tray (horizontal part supporting a mattress) being removably attached to said wall of the side of the headboard and the footboard fixed on the ground by a joint. These furniture are typically a bed, a table and a / the seats. Note that the seats can be folding seats integrated into walls.

In a particular embodiment, an extractible receiving platform, slid into the front face of the base, is made on meccano welded frame coated with wood slats type external quality. Y is used a foot of 1000mm wide and 300mm deep, 40 X 70 X 20 U-section fixed rails, a U-shaped element at the periphery of the 30 X 60 X 30 U-profile platform. A walking floor top is made from wooden battens. A recessed handle allows you to pull the step out of the base. Note that when the modular structure is disassembled (folded) and the base 2 and roof 7 contiguous with the walls inside flat, a space of 70 mm height remains available in the structure to allow storage of furniture and other equipment including electric. During this joining, the profiles (peripheral spars) of the base and roof come into contact at the periphery of the structure as shown in a step preceding the joining in Figure 14.

The facades of the modular structure 1 are walls, a front wall 3 over the width, two side walls 4 and 6 along the length and a rear wall 5 over the width and against which the sanitary block 20 is installed by its face. apposition. The two front side walls 3 and 5 are attached to the base along their lower edge by a hinge and can thus be folded into the base during disassembly for storage or transport flat or unfolded out of the base for vertically , form the side façades during assembly. The height of the side walls is such that they lie flat in the base when folded flat for storage or transport in said base. Preferably, the width available in the base for flat storage of the walls substantially corresponds to the height of the side walls in order to optimize the occupation of the storage space of the flat walls in the base. Thus, the height of the assembled modular structure (unfolded) and its width are correlated. In another particular embodiment, in particular because the height of the walls is greater than the width of the base (width available in the base for flat storage of the walls), the two side walls are also foldable on themselves ( for example substantially in their middle) in order to be able to keep disassembled and folded in the jig of the base.

Similarly, the front and rear facade walls are fixed to the base along their lower edge by a hinge and can thus be folded into the base during disassembly for storage or transport or be unfolded from the base for vertically, form the side walls during assembly. These front and rear walls do not need to be foldable on themselves even if their height is less than the length of the base. Preferably, the height of the front and rear walls is substantially equal to half the length available in the base for flat storage of the walls in order to optimize the occupation of the storage space of the flat walls in the base.

Since the walls fold flat on each other in the base during disassembly (folding), the joints of said walls are slightly offset in height relative to each other to take into account the thickness of each wall. In practice, as shown in FIG. 3 (or in FIGS. 9 to 4 which, in the opposite direction, show a disassembly), during disassembly, one of the two lateral walls is folded flat, which then occupies substantially all the storage surface at flat available in the base and then, preferably, the two front and rear walls are folded flat and finally the other side wall is folded flat. Alternatively, one of the two side walls can be folded flat and then the other side wall folded flat and the two front and rear walls folded flat. We understand that we will have folded the furniture before folding the walls.

In an alternative embodiment, the walls of the modular structure do not have articulation on their lower edges and they are disassembled and laid flat on each other in the base during disassembly of the structure. In this case, when mounting the modular structure, the walls are embedded in structures adapted from the base (casing parts). For example, the base comprises along its periphery a U-shaped or L-shaped (including the beam) open upwards to fit the lower edges of the walls during assembly of the structure.

Figure 25 shows better the flat stacking of the walls in a folded modular structure. There is an internal space formed by the joining of the base 2 and the roof 7 of a modular structure in the folded state, from the bottom up, on the floor 12 first furniture 13 folds to come and rest substantially flat (height available for furniture, about 55mm), then a first side wall 4, then on the same level the front walls 3 and rear (5), then the second side wall 6 (each wall has a thickness of about 44mm), then a free space of about 13mm between the second side wall and a false ceiling clipped on the roof 7 and comprising luminaires 26 and other elements (height of the false ceiling about 60mm). A sealing strip 27 of 5 mm is implemented at the periphery between the base 2 and the roof 7. In this example of FIG. 25, the roof comprises on the top a sealing of 5 mm and then a sealing insulator of 35 mm and the base 2 has a floor of about 8mm thick on a floor board about 42mm thick, leaving below 110mm height for drawers and forklift of an elevator. The roof periphery spar 7 is approximately 225mm high and the base periphery spar 2 is approximately 230mm thick. high, a folded modular structure having a height of about 480mm. It should be noted that the periphery beams of the base 2 and the roof 7 internally comprise an insulator, in particular of the type of foam injected into structured sections. The side walls of the facade are made of OXATHERM® type OXA ROC® sandwich panels with an external surface made of galvanized sheet of 50 / 100th thickness, smooth lacquered, a core of 40 mm compressed rock fiber (thermal conductivity). λ = 0.039 W. m ^" ¹ .K ^{" 1} , thermal resistance r = 1.74m ² K. W ^"1 ) and an internal surface made of galvanized sheet 50 / 100th thick, smooth, covered with a sheet metal plastic coated PVC The periphery of the panels is made of U-shaped profiles of 40 X 40 and allows the fixing of the sealing elements (air and water) and ensures the rigidity of the structure Modular mounted (unfolded) The periphery of the panels is made with U-profiles of 40 X 40 and allows the fixing of the sealing elements (air and water) and the locking of the modular structure. recessed type fastenings between the side walls of the facade and the base are made by embedding along the length of the modular structure. The watertightness is ensured by compression joints fixed on the edge of the panels. The airtightness is ensured by a seal.

The front and rear facade walls are made of OXATHERM® type OXA ROC® sandwich panels with an external surface made of galvanized sheet of 50 / 100th thickness, smooth lacquered, a 40 mm compressed rock core (conductivity Thermal value λ = 0.039 W. m ^"1 K ^{" 1} , thermal resistance r = 1.74m ² K. W ^"1 ) and an internal surface made of galvanized sheet of 50 / 100th thickness, smooth, covered with Plasticized PVC-coated sheet The periphery of the long-skin panels is made with U-shaped profiles of 40 X 40 and allows the fixing of the sealing elements (air and water) and ensures the rigidity of the modular structure mounted (unfolded)

The connections between the different facade walls are made with corner angles 28 to the type of aluminum metal profiles which ensure tightness and good maintenance between the adjacent walls by gripping with their corresponding vertical edges pinching. These profiles are further covered by wedge corners caches arranged at the four corners of the modular structure on the profiles. Such a corner angle 28 is best seen in Figures 26 and 27. It is essentially formed of two parts that can be tightened or loosened to each other to pinch or release respectively the edges of two adjacent walls (3 and 4 Figure 26). An outer portion 30 is screwed to an inner portion 31 of the corner angle 28. A compressible seal is implemented between the outer, inner and the walls. These walls are preferably reinforced along their edges by metal U-shaped edge angles. The walls are preferably made with OXATHERM® panels about 40mm thick and with compressed rockwool. A corner angle cover 29 (preferably hingedly hinged along one of its vertical edges) protects and masks, externally, the nuts / bolts for tightening / loosening the corner angle. Preferably, the nuts are welded to the inner portion 31. These nuts are passed through oblong holes 14x30 of the outer portion and a washer + bolt allows clamping. Inside, an exotic wood rod 32 hides the inner portion 31 of the corner angle. We can note the semicircular shape of the corner angle 28 with its cover 29 in Figure 26. A distribution plate 33 (thickness 15mm) is provided at both ends of the outer portion 30 of the corner angle for support on the base and the roof and it has two axes for fixing the corner angle on the base and on the roof.

Exterior joinery is used in the facade walls: A / A door window is included in the front wall and is composed of two rectangular shapes in two elements Vz fixed frosted glass, SECURIT® double glazing and with swing frame and frame aluminum profiles. The window door is made of 40 mm sandwich panel with filling. Door handle and lock are included. The lock is made by an external key lock and inside knob. An occultable round ventilation grille is provided.

B / A fixed frame is included in the front wall and consists of a rectangular glass rectangular shape, SECURIT® double glazing and aluminum frame. A blackout blind integrated in the double glazing with opening and closing maneuver allows the visual and luminous shutter of the room The rear wall has a communication opening with the toilet block, the latter comprising a door in its sanitary opening corresponding, and frame beating and dormant aluminum profile. The connecting door is made of 40 mm sandwich panel with filling. Recessed door handle and lock are included. The lock is made by an external key lock and inside knob.

The electrical connection to the electrical installation of the modular structure is carried out on the rear base. A 220V mono 6+ ground power supply box (grounding lug) is available. Also available are a connection box to the France Telecom network and the TV network. The electrical installation of the modular structure is carried out by routing the cables in the base and aligning the equipment by electrical trough recessed into panels. The electrical connections between the base and the walls are made by rubber thread. The electrical equipment includes: TE protected by differential 3OmA, fuses 1 0/1 6 A and 32A circuit breaker (subject to the power supply power of the toilet block), a set of 6 7W projectors are embedded in the false ceiling stretched and is set by specific chairs in the plenum height. They are operated by a switch located on the same wall.

A reversible air conditioner (hot and cold) manages the thermal functions of the modular structure and its sanitary block, this system being put in place by a drawer concept integrated in the technical room of the toilet block. A remote control then manages the temperature of the modular structure.

A sealed socket is fixed in said technical room of the toilet block to allow the electrical connection of the modular structure and its toilet block. For weak currents an RJ45 phone jack and a TV antenna jack are available. Preferably, the electrical installation complies with the standard C 1 5.1 00 SOCOTEC approval.

Sanitary block 20 has a triple function. It is presented, as shown in Figures 1 0 and 1 1, in the form of a prefabricated parallelepiped of dimensions on the ground 1, 350 m X 2.37 m. Preferably, the height of the toilet block 20 corresponds to the height of the assembled modular structure (unfolded) and one of the dimensions on the ground (horizontal dimension) corresponds to the width of the base. Indeed, the toilet block 20 is attached by an attachment face 5 '(Figure 10) to the rear wall 5 of the assembled modular structure (unfolded).

The sanitary block 20 classification fire M2, includes a receiver, ceiling and two walls made of polyester composite reinforced with glass fibers and assembled by screwing. The seal is provided by a closed cell foam seal. The surface finish is smooth gel coat, plain color. The floor is anti-slip in relief reinforced by a metal frame E. Z. equipped with adjustment jacks for leveling (feet).

If the rear wall of the modular structure does not have a connecting door, the toilet block comprises a door block comprising a 600 mm clear white epoxy lacquered EZ metal frame and a 2-sided lacquered double-sided honeycomb door. RAL 9010, equipped with a locking lever lock, handle, white reinforced nylon plates. The toilet block also comprises in particular the following equipment 16 (only some of which are shown in Figure 11): at least one coat of colored nylon bathrobe, a resin concrete basin with drain chain and siphon, a towel holder cutout on headband, chromed brass mixer tap, large mirror. For the shower, the shower tray is integrated and is equipped with a high-flow bung (passage of 90) and are available a chrome-plated brass shower mixer, a shower set including a positioning bar in height of apple shower with adjustable slider, a hose and its chrome shower head. A soap dish is built into the shower wall. A white PVC shower curtain mounted on an aluminum rail is integrated into the ceiling. The toilet block also has a short suspended toilet bowl equipped with a double flap in thermo hard white. The cistern is recessed with white control plate. A colored nylon paper dispenser is also available. In the sanitary block, a lighting strip is integrated at the top of the washbasin and includes a fluorescent fixture and a diffusing opaline. The electrical connection of the toilet block to the electrical circuit of the modular structure is made by a 3 x 1.5 electrical cable of 2.5 meters length. Note that if a hot water tank is used to supply hot water, the electric cable is reinforced.

Ventilation is provided by clear under door and VMC self-adjusting mouth extraction with a diameter of 125 mm located in wall or in ceiling for a flow of 30m ³ / h. The extractor is controlled by the light switch.

The fluids (water) are supplied by a copper EC / EF supply piping, with welded and proven connections, equipped with 1/4 turn stopcocks; connecting diameter ^λ h located in a technical duct. For evacuation of fluids, PVC discharge tubes are also grouped together in the technical duct. A toilet outlet in 100 mm diameter is available as well as a shower and sink outlet in 40 mm diameter. Access to these pipes is via a removable hatch located under the basin. These pipes are returned to a sanibroyeur® which allows to evacuate the wastewater via a copper pipe D40 ended by a firefighter type connection for evacuation to an external network. Similarly, the water supply will also be by a fire-type connection system. The sanitary blocks are fitted with panels identical to the chamber module (OXATHERM® sandwich panel), they can be moved for loading, unloading or handling by a forklift truck or a crane with the specific lifting device described below. . 28A, 28B, 28C, 28D. The toilet block is connected by its base 2 'on the base 2 of the modular structure and, through the high connecting pieces 11, the roof 7 of the modular structure. Thus, Figures 1 and 15, connecting pieces 11 are implemented between the roof 7 of the modular structure and the roof 7 'of the sanitary block, side modular structure a pin of the connecting piece 11 is inserted into a roof foot hole 7. A bellows 15 or flap 30/200 between the sanitary block and the modular structure provides insulation.

Figure 22 details the sealing means to air and water implemented between the modular structure 1 and the toilet block 20. Note that these means are also applicable between several modular structures contiguous. In Figure 22 can be seen in section a peripheral seal 24 extended between the two, at the edge of the modular structure and the toilet block. This peripheral seal 24 in front and between the modular structures and / or sanitary blocks essentially ensures watertightness. Still in Figure 22, one can see the bellows 15 at the periphery of the passage between the modular structure and the toilet block (or any other passage between modular structures contiguous with passage from one to another). This establishment of an insulating air chamber essentially provides insulation to the air. In addition a sheet dressing 25 is disposed at the periphery of the passage between the modular structure (s) and / or the sanitary block to mask the bellows and the space between modular structure (s) and / or sanitary block. Note that the cladding sheet is adapted according to the presence or absence of a door between modular structure (s) and / or toilet block. Figure 23 allows to better visualize the arrangement of the peripheral seal 24 and the bellows 15 on the corresponding wall of the toilet block (or another modular structure).

The sanitary block has a prefabricated three-dimensional framework allowing juxtaposition to the modular structure. It is an assembly assembled by welding and realized from galvanized profiles or shots (quality SA 2,5) covered with a layer of epoxy paint with high content of zinc, as well as two layers of finish and color, according to RAL color chart . Two sleeves composed of 180 x 80 mm floor tubes allow handling by forklift. The toilet block has a stabilizer by two mechanical crutches (10 feet).

Thus the sanitary block offers a sink, a WC crusher and a shower, all EC / EF as the faucet. Preferably, the production of hot water is ensured in the sanitary block by a 5OL electric storage water heater. The water supply and distribution is made of copper or reinforced plastic pipe. The evacuation of the EU and EV water is separated with 100 mm and 40 mm diameters of PVC respectively and firefighters connection type sanitary connection. The handling of the modular structure can be carried out in two different ways. First with a forklift and secondly with crane slinging.

For this purpose, for the first case, two elevator fork sockets are made in the thickness of the base and allow the handling of the modular structure on either side side side walls. Note that in disassembled state (folded) with roof on base incorporating the flat walls (and furniture), said roof and said base are fixed together by a removable fastening means allowing the separation of the roof and the base, if necessary and in particular for mounting (unfolding) the modular structure. These fork receiving jacks have holes 150mm wide and 65mm high and the center distance is 920mm.

Note that with a specific lifting member shown in Figs. 28A, 28B, 28C (section AA of Fig. 28B) and 28D, indirect manipulation of a modular structure is possible by a fork lift. To this end, a metal plate 34 (preferably made of steel and with reinforcing tubes) similar to a 120x100 European pallet having on each side of the forklift forklift tube orifices is made. Chains (approximately 175cm in length) with end fingers 22 are attached to the four corners of the plate 34 and, as already seen in FIG. 21, these clavable fingers are intended to come into the foot apertures 21 of the roof 7. Thus, is the plate 34 which is lifted by the fork of the elevator and which then raises the roof (or the folded modular structure, see unfolded). The mounting of a modular structure from its disassembled state of storage / transport can be done without crane. A transporter and lift truck (eg forclift® 3.5t 4x4) is sufficient for the unloading (unlike loading after dismantling) of the delivery truck of the dismantled structures and for the assembly (in the opposite disassembly) of each structure. In practice, four technicians are enough to unload (reload) and mount the modular structures. It is estimated that at least 25 rooms (one room = a modular structure) with toilets can be installed per day. It is also estimated that a 50-room hotel with 50m x 35m can deploy with six technicians in two days of installation. The proposed structures are particularly adaptable because the modular structures mounted or dismantled are waterproof which allows them to be deployed both outside and inside.

The assembly is carried out as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 4 to 9 from a modular structure disassembled (folded) placed on the ground by means of feet 10 (FIG. 4), then separation of the roof 7 (FIG. ) which reveals the walls 6, 3, 5 (4) folded flat in / on the base 2, the mounting accessories being in drawers 8, then (Figure 6) unfolding of the side wall 6 (basic wall) which had been folded last when dismounting (folding) the modular structure, then (Figure 7) unfolding the front wall 3, then (Figure 8) unfolding the rear wall 5 - the steps of Figures 7 and 8 can be reversed in a variant -, then (Figure 9) unfolding of the other side wall 4, and finally (not shown), removal of the roof 7 on the top of the unfolded walls. Preferably, the corner angles (intended to hold together two adjacent walls by clamping firmly with their adjacent edges) are progressively installed as the walls unfold so that they can stand alone vertically from two. The modular structures are also easily transportable because in the disassembled state they can be stacked. The height of each disassembled modular structure is approximately 48cm, ie a stacking capacity of 6 in height in a standard flatbed semi-trailer truck, which makes it possible to load 1 8 rooms per truck (instead of 2 for conventional modular bungalows). not removable). During transport there is no need for an exceptional convoy. The modular structures proposed may be suitable for international transport: container, sea transport, cargo plane ... The main interior fittings are integrated in the disassembled structure: bed, desk, chair, storage ... which further reduces the need for transport. A first truck semi-trailer and half a second are needed for the transport side by side 1 8 prefabricated sanitary blocks. In addition, storage is simplified. In area, one can stack (at least) ten disassembled modular structures which makes 1 00 disassembled structures stored on 70m ² .

The object of the invention can therefore be declined in various ways without departing from the general scope of its presentation. For example, if the detailed description of an exemplary implementation has concerned a modular type of chamber contiguous to a toilet block as shown in Figure 24A, variants are also considered. In particular as in Figures 24B, 24C, 24D, additional modular structures additional room type (s), living room (s) or office (x) can be joined laterally. In the case of joining modular structure (s) additional (s), means of passage between the structures are provided and an insulation of the type already presented in relation to Figures 22 and 23. A As an example of another variation, a variant of corner angle 28 is shown in FIG. It is also formed of two parts, outer 30 and inner 31, which can be tightened or loosened to each other to pinch or respectively release the edges of two adjacent walls (3 and 4 in this example). The outer portion 30 also called ABI LMO® profile is screwed to the inner portion 31 which is a wall clamp. The tightening / screwing is performed from the outside on a clamping means 35 (bolt or nut according to the embodiment). Thermal break joints are implemented between these elements. The profile 30 is closed towards the front by a finishing cap 29. At both ends of the profile of the distribution plates 33 for support on the base and the roof and it comprises two fixing pins of the corner angle on the base and on the roof used by fixing means 36.

Claims

1. Temporary modular housing structure, removable (1 '), transportable and remountable (1), the mounted structure (1) being substantially parallelepiped with a base (2) having a floor (12), at least four walls (3). , 4, 5, 6) and a roof (7), the adjacent walls being held together, in pairs, by corner angles (28), each of the corner angles being disposed substantially vertically at each corner of the structure, at least one of the walls having an opening with an access door inside said structure, the disassembled structure (1 ') in the storage or transport position being of reduced thickness by stacking flat on the base of the walls then the roof, characterized in that the base has a thickness greater than the thickness of the floor, said floor being fixed towards the upper part of the base and a crawl space being made under the floor in the thickness of said base, and in that ins a storage box (8) accessible through a hole on the periphery of the base is made in said crawl space, the / at least one of the storage boxes being intended to receive / corner angles during storage disassembled or transport disassembled.

2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage compartments comprise storage drawers.

3. Structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each corner angle is formed of an inner plate mounted towards the inside of the structure and an outer plate mounted towards the outside of the structure, the inner plate and the outer plate being held together by at least one detachable clamping means, said clamping means for bringing said two plates closer and tighter by pinching the adjacent edges of the two walls and being removable for loosening said two plates and releasing the edges of the two walls.

4. Structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that mounted, it comprises feet (10) at its four corners to rest on a floor, the feet each having a vertical axis (18) integral with the base and a removable sole (19), structure mounted on the soleplate resting on the ground, said soleplate being articulated on the axis by a pivot.

5. Structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the roof has at its four corners foot holes for receiving the foot axes of a base of another structure disposed above in a stack of structures.

6. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base further comprises a spar extended upwards at its periphery and the roof further comprises a spar extended downwardly at its periphery, during the disassembled storage. or transport disassembled, the upper edge of the spar of the base coming into contact with the lower edge of the roof spar to close the structure and define between the base and the roof an internal storage space for possible furniture disassembled flat on the floor and for the walls stacked flat and in that the length of the longest wall which is disposed flat just above the furniture in the internal storage space, also said basic wall, is such that said basic wall rests at less along at least two of its opposite edges on wedging means, the wedging means having a height such that said basic wall is not in contact with the broken furniture s flat on the floor.

7. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roof comprises at its lower face along its periphery a U-shaped open downwardly for fitting the upper edges of the walls during assembly of the structure .

8. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises internally removable furniture (13) and the removable furniture consists of substantially flat or slightly curved panels, at least a portion of the panels of a piece of furniture demountable being fixed together by a hinge and at least one of said panels of a piece of furniture being fixed by a hinge on the floor (12).

9. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises, when mounted, sanitary, said sanitary being arranged in a sanitary block (20) rigid rigid parallelepiped substantially independent and attached by an attachment face (5 ') against one (5) of the walls of said structure which has a communication opening to said toilet block, said toilet block having a sanitary opening in correspondence with the communication opening.

10. Structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the sanitary unit comprises a base (2 ') sanitary and a roof (7') which are substantially rectangular, the face of joining having a length substantially equal to the width of the structure and in that the base comprises two feet at the two corners of said base which are opposite to the joining face, the height of the toilet block is substantially equal to the height of the structure, the roof ( 7) of the structure and the roof (7 ') of the sanitary block being joined together by at least two connecting pieces (11), each connecting piece comprising two pins for engaging in adjacent openings of the roof edge of the the structure and roof of the toilet block and, preferably, the orifices being in the corners of said roofs.

11. Structure according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a bellows (15) seals between the structure and the toilet block, said bellows being a flexible tube or semi-tube, fixed in a sealed manner on the sanitary block and internally comprising an elastic means tending to extend said tube or semi-tube and preferably, the sanitary opening corresponds to a passage in a connecting wall forming the joining face of the sanitary block and said bellows is disposed on the periphery of said sanitary opening on the wall of attachment.

12. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be manipulated by a lifting member, said lifting member comprising a metal plate having on each side forklift forklift tube orifices. and, fixed at the four corners of the tray, four chains with end fingers, said fingers being clavetable in the foot holes of the roof.