WO2009056081A1

WO2009056081A1 - Projectile having flow channels producing twist

Info

Publication number: WO2009056081A1
Application number: PCT/DE2007/002162
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andrey Sorokin; Adilbek Kagenov; Mikhail Fitisov; Vadim Pavlov
Original assignee: Jallcom Holdings Ltd.
Priority date: 2007-11-02
Filing date: 2007-11-29
Publication date: 2009-05-07
Also published as: DE102007052938B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a projectile for shooting from a smooth barrel or tube, having flow channels producing twist, wherein the flow channels producing the twist are disposed helically in the shaft of a projectile core in the outer wall thereof, the projectile core being supported rotatably in a jacket, and the jacket comprising openings for the exit of the propellant as the projectile core leaves the barrel or tube. In the rear end of the projectile, a bushing having channels for the passage of the propellant and a valve for closing an opening provided in the bottom of the jacket are disposed. The flow channels producing the twist can also be disposed helically in a guide base in the outside wall thereof, wherein the guide base positively receives the projectile core and is rotatably supported with the projectile core on a piston, which has channels for the passage of the propellant. At a starting speed of 1500 m/s up to 1800 m/s and stable trajectory, the projectile reaches a high range and penetration power. It can be used for handguns and also for guns and cannons.

Description

Projectile with a swirl generating flow channels

The invention relates to a projectile with a swirl-generating flow channels. The projectile is particularly suitable for firing from a smooth tube.

To create a twist of projectiles fired from smooth tubes, it is known to incorporate straight grooves or channels into the projectile surface at any inclination over the entire length of the projectile, through which the propellant gases flow when fired.

In order to use the Explodierkraft the propellant gases more effectively, have been proposed in DE-PS 597633 swirl ducts, which expand again after a taper and a constriction, whereby the emerging from the constriction gas jet strikes a baffle and there undergoes a flow deflection, but with a loss of energy is connected.

With the aim to develop a projectile, which causes a ballistic requirements adapted flight of the projectile body and the spin is associated with the lowest possible losses, DE-OS 27 31 092 and DE-OS 27 31 093 discloses projectiles that produce with swirl Flow channels are provided, the entry side of a taper part with subsequent constriction and it then have an extension part, wherein the respective channel axis of the swirl channels in the extension part rectilinear or moderately curved, skewed runs at a distance to the projectile axis. Compression collisions should be avoided by having the channel walls of the extension part, seen in the flow direction, a convex and / or straight shape and / or a maximum slightly concave curved shape. For this purpose, the flow channels can also be arranged in subcircular projectile bodies in spaced-apart guide rings, the outer diameter of which corresponds to the caliber of the tube or can be arranged in a cage surrounding the middle part of the projectile body. These guide means are separably attached to the projectile body. To stabilize the trajectory of the projectile, the technical solution according to DE-OS 27 31 093 provides to equip the rear end of the projectile body with a tail.

With the aim of improving the accuracy of the stabilizing swirl of said technical solutions, US 4,249,465 discloses as a further development a stabilizer for a cannon projectile. The stabilizer consists of a one-piece solid cylindrical metal element with a first and different from this second diameter. The metal element is arranged coaxially at the rear end of the projectile and has a flat rear portion with a plurality of longitudinal axis-angled slots with parallel side walls. The air impinging on these side walls in the flight of the projectile should impart a spin to the projectile.

The problem with this solution is the limited application to cannon projectiles and the relatively short firing range and accuracy to look at.

The object of the invention is therefore to improve a projectile of the type mentioned above so that it has a high firing range with a stabilized flight and a high accuracy and impact regardless of the caliber without additional tail.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a projectile for firing from a smooth barrel or pipe with a swirl-generating flow channels in which the swirl-generating flow channels spiral in the shaft of Projectile core are arranged in the outer wall, wherein the projectile core is rotatably mounted in a jacket, the jacket has openings for the escape of the propellant gas leaving the projectile from the barrel or pipe, in the rear end of the projectile a socket with a passage for the passage Propellant gas and a valve for closing a located in the bottom of the shell opening are provided or the swirl-generating flow channels are arranged spirally in a guide pedestal in the outer wall, the guide pedestal positively receives the projectile core and the guide pedestal with the projectile core on a piston, the channels has for the passage of the propellant gas, is rotatably mounted.

An embodiment of the invention provides for rotatably supporting the projectile core with its nose and its rear end by means of axes and / or bearings within the shell.

According to further embodiments of the invention, the valve is spring-loaded hinged to the sleeve, the piston is cup-shaped, the channels for the passage of the propellant gases are arranged radially equidistant from each other in the piston and has the guide pedestal predetermined breaking points.

A particular embodiment of the projectile according to the invention provides that the bottom and / or the outer wall of the projectile core and the inner wall and / or the guide pedestal are complementarily designed with a profile or whose surface has such a roughness that a common spin of guide pedestal and projectile core secured is.

According to further particular embodiments of the projectile according to the invention the opening for the exit of the propellant gases are arranged circumferentially equidistant from each other in the shell, the number of openings corresponds to the number of flow channels and the openings have a diameter corresponding to the distance between the two side walls of a flow channel ,

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a projectile with a stored in a defect projectile core in the gun barrel.

Fig. 2, the projectile of FIG. 1 at the moment of leaving the

Gun barrel;

Fig. 3 shows the cross section of the projectile according to FIG. 1 at the moment of

Leaving the gun barrel;

4 shows the detail I of Figure 3 in an enlarged view.

5 shows the longitudinal section of a projectile after leaving the gun barrel.

6 shows the longitudinal section through the jacket of the projectile according to the invention;

7 shows the side view of the projectile core;

8 shows the bottom view of the projectile core according to FIG. 7;

9 shows the section A - A of the projectile core according to FIG. 7;

10 shows the projectile according to the invention with a closed valve;

11 shows the detail I of the projectile according to FIG. 10 in an enlarged view;

FIG. 12 shows the section B-B of the projectile according to FIG. 10; FIG.

Fig. 13, 14 the detail Il with a longitudinal section and a bottom view of a socket;

15 shows the longitudinal section through an embodiment of a projectile according to the invention in a gun barrel; Fig. 16 shows the longitudinal section through a projectile according to FIG. 15 after

Ignition;

17 shows the side view of the projectile according to FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 shows the section C - C of the representation according to FIG. 17; FIG.

19 shows a longitudinal section through a projectile according to FIG. 15 on leaving the gun barrel; FIG.

Fig. 20 shows the representation of the projectile core with the originally associated with him components.

Fig. 1 shows an inventive projectile after ignition. The projectile is still in the cartridge 19. Within the shell 3 of the projectile core 2 is rotatably supported by means of the axes 6. The jacket 3 is preferably made of steel. At the end of the conical expiring part of the projectile core 2, the sleeve 5 is arranged with the spring-loaded valve 7 in the jacket 3. The socket 5 has the passage channels 9. The valve 7 is used to open and close the provided in the bottom of the shell 3 opening 11. As shown in FIG. 13, the bush 5 has a circumferential groove in the form-fitting a bead-shaped portion of the shell 3 engages. It can be clearly seen that the projectile core 2 has flow channels 4 arranged spirally in its conical and rear cylindrical section.

After the ignition of the charge - as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 - the expanding propellant gases press against the spring-loaded valve 7, which releases the opening 11 located in the bottom of the jacket 3. Through the passageways 9, which are radially arranged according to FIG. 14 at a uniform distance from one another in the bush 5, the propellant gas penetrates into the spirally arranged flow channels 4 of the projectile core 2 and the space formed by a gap between the projectile core 4 and the shell. 3 and there generates the pressure G.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, the shell 3 has at its circumference in a uniformly spaced openings 10 for the exit of the propellant gas when the projectile core 2 leaves the tube 1 (FIG. 3). The openings 10 are preferably designed and arranged such that they continue the course of the spirally arranged flow channels 4. The number of openings 10 corresponds to the number of flow channels 4. The diameter of the openings 10 preferably corresponds to the distance that occupy both side walls of a flow channel 4 at its end in the weft direction to each other. The moment that the projectile leaves the gun barrel 1, the openings 10 are released and the compressed propellant gases flow along the flow channels 4 into the atmosphere, at the same time the valve 7 closes the opening 11, as shown in FIG. 5 can be seen. At the moment of the expulsion of the propellant gases and after the closing of the opening 11, the propellant gas flows with the force F through the flow channels 4 and exerts on them the lateral pressure P (FIG. 4), which the rotatably mounted projectile core 2 within the shell 3 a Lends twist. In a gas-dynamic manner, the torque M is thus generated (FIG. 3). Depending on which pressure G is created between the projectile core 2 and the jacket 3 and depending on which lateral pressure P must be exerted in the flow channels 4 in order to achieve the necessary rotational speed for the projectile core 2, the number and the diameter of the passage channels 9 be chosen differently. Since the projectile core 2 is rotatably mounted in the shell 3, not only a very high rotational speed of this projectile core 2 can be achieved, but the projectile 2 receives at the same time required for high accuracy high stability. Since the moment the outlet of the propellant gas from the openings 10 of the shell 3, the valve 7 closes the opening 11 located at the bottom of the shell 3, lend the continuing acting propellant gases when leaving the projectile fired from the smooth barrel 1 of a rifle or pipe of a gun particularly high initial speed of 1500 m / s to 1800 m / s and a higher firing range over the known prior art solutions.

Fig. 15 shows a particular embodiment of a projectile according to the invention. In this projectile, the projectile core 12 is mounted in a form-locking manner in a guide pedestal 15. In the outer wall of the guide pedestal 15 - as well as from Fig. 17 it can be seen - the flow channels 13 arranged spirally. The guide pedestal 15 is preferably made of a wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant plastic and may have predetermined breaking points. The guide pedestal 15 is rotatably mounted with the aid of the bearing 14 on the cup-shaped piston 16, which has the channels 17 for the passage of the propellant gases. The surrounding wall in the direction of the cartridge case or cartridge tion 20 of the piston 16 has at its end to the shoulder 21, with which the piston 16 is mounted on the cartridge case or the cartridge. The channels 17 are preferably arranged radially in the piston 16 at the same distance from one another. After ignition of the charge, the developing propellant gases pass through the channels 17 and exert with the force F the pressure P laterally on the flow channels 13 of the guide pedestal 15 (Fig. 17, 18). In particular, the bottom of the projectile core 2 and the inside of the bottom of the guide pedestal 15 have a complementary trained profile, which ensures that the projectile core 2 lossless by the offset with the propellant gases in rotation guide base 15 receives the same rotational speed as the guide pedestal 15. If necessary, sufficient it is to give the bottom of the projectile core 2 and the inner surface of the guide pedestal 15 a corresponding roughness. The bearing 14 makes it possible to keep the energy losses as low as possible by the friction to be overcome during the rotation.

Fig. 19 and Fig. 20 show that after leaving the projectile from the gun barrel 1 of the guide base 15, the bearing 14 and the cup-shaped piston 16 by the resistance of the air flow and optionally existing predetermined breaking points slidably from the projectile core 2, which by the generated gas-dynamically generated spin and the smooth barrel / gun barrel 1 a particularly high rotational and initial speed and accuracy in stable flight.

Furthermore, it is a particular advantage of the projectile according to the invention that it can be used for handguns as well as for guns or cannons with a caliber of up to 150 mm. The smooth barrel 1 and the smooth tube 1 can also be more efficiently finished compared to drawn barrels or tubes and also make thinner walls with considerable material effects. REFERENCE DISPLAY SETUP

1 barrel or pipe

2 storey core

3 coat

4 flow channel

5 socket

6 bearings, axles

7 valve

8 spring

9 channel

10 opening

11 opening

12 storey core

13 flow channel

14 bearings

15 guide pedestal

16 pistons

17 channel

18 side wall

19 sleeve or cartridge

20 edge

21 paragraph

22 sleeve or cartridge

Claims

A projectile for firing from a smooth barrel or pipe (1) with a swirl-generating flow channels (4, 13), characterized in that the swirl-generating flow channels (4) are arranged spirally in the shaft of a projectile core (2) in its outer wall , the projectile core (2) is rotatably mounted in a casing (3) and the casing (3) has openings (10) for the exit of the propellant gas leaving the projectile core (2) from the barrel or pipe (1) and in the rear end the projectile a bush (5) with a channel (9) for the passage of the propellant gas and a valve (7) for closing a in the bottom of the shell (3) provided opening (11) are arranged or the swirl-generating flow channels (13) spirally arranged in a guide support (15) in its outer wall, wherein the guide pedestal (15) receives the projectile core (2) in a form-fitting manner and the guide pedestal (15) with the projectile core (2) on a piston (16 ), which has channels (17) for the passage of the propellant gas, is rotatably mounted.

2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile core (2) is rotatably mounted with its nose and its rear end by means of axes or bearings within the shell (3).

3. Projectile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve (7) is spring-loaded on the bush (5) articulated.

4. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bush (5) has a circumferential groove in the form-fitting a bead-shaped portion of the shell (3) engages.

5. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (16) is cup-shaped.

6. Projectile according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the channels (17) are arranged radially at the same distance from each other in the piston (16).

7. Projectile according to one of claims 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that the guide pedestal (15) has predetermined breaking points.

8. Projectile according to one of claims 1 or 5 to 7, characterized in that the bottom and / or the outer wall of the projectile core (2) and the inner wall and / or the guide pedestal (15) are roughened or configured with respective complementary profiles, the secure a common twist of guide pedestal (15) and bullet core (2).

9. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the openings (10) in the jacket (3) are arranged in a number corresponding to the number of flow channels (4).

10. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 4 or 9, characterized in that the openings (10) in the jacket (3) have a diameter which preferably corresponds to the distance between the two side walls (18) of the flow channel (4), they take at the end in the direction of firing.