WO2009041893A1 - Outil de coupe pour usinage de métaux par enlèvement de copeaux - Google Patents

Outil de coupe pour usinage de métaux par enlèvement de copeaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009041893A1
WO2009041893A1 PCT/SE2008/051048 SE2008051048W WO2009041893A1 WO 2009041893 A1 WO2009041893 A1 WO 2009041893A1 SE 2008051048 W SE2008051048 W SE 2008051048W WO 2009041893 A1 WO2009041893 A1 WO 2009041893A1
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Prior art keywords
coating
deposition
temperature
crack
cutting tool
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PCT/SE2008/051048
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English (en)
Inventor
Per Mårtensson
Carl BJÖRMANDER
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Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab
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Publication of WO2009041893A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009041893A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
    • C04B41/5031—Alumina
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
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    • C04B41/5057—Carbides
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    • C04B41/5057—Carbides
    • C04B41/5061—Titanium carbide
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    • C04B41/5062—Borides, Nitrides or Silicides
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
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    • C04B41/5062—Borides, Nitrides or Silicides
    • C04B41/5068—Titanium nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B41/5062—Borides, Nitrides or Silicides
    • C04B41/507—Borides
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/87—Ceramics
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/32—Carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/34—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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    • C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
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    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/56—After-treatment
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coated cutting tool, suitable for chip forming machining of metals, such as an insert for use in holding systems for turning, milling or drilling, or a solid tool, such as a drill or an endmill, having improved resistance to corrosion caused by cooling liquid, and a method of making thereof.
  • the cutting tools generally comprise a hard body of, e.g., cemented carbide and a wear resistant coating of single layer or multilayer type, most commonly comprising wear layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, borides and carbonitrides, and layers of oxides of, e.g., Al and Zr.
  • a hard body e.g., cemented carbide
  • a wear resistant coating of single layer or multilayer type, most commonly comprising wear layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, borides and carbonitrides, and layers of oxides of, e.g., Al and Zr.
  • CVD Chemical Vapour Deposition
  • PVD Physical Vapour Deposition
  • cooling liquid may instantly reach layers underneath the outer layer, generally being less resistant to oxidation than the outer layer, as well as reach the body beneath the coating, starting a corrosion process.
  • the cracks in the coating constitute defect points where contaminants can penetrate the coating, causing an oxidation of the body and coating material. Beside the chemical effect, contaminants being squeezed into the cracks may widen them by means of shear physical force, leading to even further degradation of the coating.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,250,367 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,209 discloses coated cutting tools comprising a coating including at least one CVD layer and at least one PVD layer, wherein the PVD layer is in a state of residual compressive stress.
  • This object is solved by providing a coated cutting tool and a method of making thereof, wherein the coating deposition process is performed under certain conditions as to obtain a sealed coating.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of an exemplary coating according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a polished surface of an exemplary coating according to the invention .
  • Fig. 3 is a SEM image of a polished cross section of an exemplary coating according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a surface of a coating according to prior art.
  • Fig. 5 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a polished cross section of a coating according to prior art.
  • a method of making a coated cutting tool comprising the steps of providing a hard body, such as a cemented carbide or ceramic body, preferably a cemented carbide body, performing a first coating deposition process, to obtain a first coating, comprising depositing, by CVD deposition techniques known in the art, one or more layers of refractory material (s) of which at least one preferably has a Coefficient of Thermal expansion (CTE) being at least 1.5*10 ⁇ 6 K "1 larger than that of the body, lowering the temperature of the cutting tool to at least a temperature where cooling cracks form in the coating, preferably to a temperature at least 150 0 C, more preferably at least 200 0 C, lower than the highest deposition temperature used during the deposition of the first coating, or, alternatively, preferably lowering the temperature to 750 0 C or below, more preferably 730 0 C or below, most preferably 700 0 C or below, additionally performing a crack sealing step, whereby substantial parts of the cooling cracks
  • the lowering of the temperature to obtain cooling cracks in the coating is not lower than 500 0 C, preferably not lower than 400 0 C, below the highest deposition temperature used during the deposition of the first coating, or, alternatively, preferably not below 500 0 C, more preferably not below 600 0 C.
  • the crack sealing step is preformed at a temperature between 250 0 C, preferably 500 0 C, most preferably 600 0 C, and 750 0 C.
  • the first coating process may comprise depositing by using CVD or Plasma Activated CVD (PACVD)
  • first layer being a transition metal compound being a carbide, nitride, oxide, carbonitride or carbooxynitride, preferably one of TiC, TiN, Ti(C,N), ZrN, HfN, most preferably TiN, at a temperature of about 850 to 1000 0 C,
  • a second, 0.5 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 20 ⁇ m, thick layer sequence comprising one or more layers of a transition metal compound being a nitride, carbide or carbonitride, preferably TiN, TiC, Ti(C,N), Zr (C, N), most preferably Ti (C, N) or Zr (C, N) with a columnar grain structure, and possibly a Ti (C, N, O) layer having a plate like structure, at a temperature of about 800 to 1050 0 C, and
  • a third, 0.5 to 25 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 19 ⁇ m, most preferably 3 to 15 ⁇ m, thick layer sequence comprising at least one oxide layer, preferably Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Ti 2 O 3 or HfO 2 , most preferably Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 , at a temperature of about 900 to 1050 0 C, to a total thickness of the first coating of preferably > 3.5 ⁇ m, more preferably > 5 ⁇ m, most preferably > 7 ⁇ m.
  • the temperature where cooling cracks form in the coating varies strongly between different combinations of coatings and bodies, from temperatures close to the deposition temperature of the coating down to temperatures near room temperature.
  • a temperature difference between the highest deposition temperature of the first coating and the crack sealing step of at least 150 0 C has been found to be sufficient in order for the cracks to form and to be sufficiently filled. Cooling to a temperature below 750 0 C has been found sufficiently low to form cooling cracks for the combinations of body and CVD coating frequently used for cutting tools. It is however within the purview of the skilled artisan to determine the temperature at which the cooling cracks form for a chosen body-coating combination.
  • a crack filling material of a metal compound being a carbide, nitride, oxide or boride or combinations thereof such as TiN, TiC, Ti (C, N), Al 2 O 3 , ZrN, ZrO 2 , Zr (C, N) or Ti (C, N), preferably Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 when a highly oxidation resistant coating is required, or alternatively, preferably TiN, Zr (C, N) or Ti (C, N) when demands on oxidation resistance are not so high.
  • the technique used for the deposition must have such characteristics that the gaseous molecules can penetrate the narrow cooling cracks forming a coating inside the cooling cracks.
  • Deposition techniques having sufficient step coverage are CVD, PACVD, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) , also known as Atomic Layer Epitaxy (ALE) or Atomic Layer CVD, or similar techniques and process conditions adjusted so that a very low deposition rate of preferably less than 0.5 ⁇ m/h, more preferably 0.4 ⁇ m/h, is used ensuring that the process gases are given sufficient time to diffuse deep into the cracks thus avoiding the formation of a "bridge" on top of the crack.
  • the deposition temperature when using CVD or PACVD is preferably 250 to 750 0 C, depending on the deposition chemistry. When the crack sealing step is performed using ALD, the deposition temperature is preferably 100 to 500 0 C.
  • the crack sealing step is performed until the crack filling material forms a layer having a thickness of preferably 0.1 to 1.5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 1.2 ⁇ m, most preferably 0.1 to 0.9 ⁇ m on the surface of the first coating.
  • the crack sealing step can be performed in the same equipment as the first coating process. In this case it is advantageous if the deposition of the first coating, the crack forming step and the crack filling step are run in sequence, wherein the process temperature is at least 100 0 C during the whole of this sequence. Alternatively, the crack sealing step can be performed in a separate reaction chamber optimized for deposition at low temperatures .
  • At least 50% of the area of the cracks in the surface of a top polished cutting tool, prepared according to the above, thus at a depth of 1 ⁇ m of the first coating, should be filled by the crack filling material.
  • at least 70% of the crack area of the cracks in the surface should be filled.
  • a polished cross section of the sample is also investigated by means of SEM.
  • the cooling cracks should preferably be filled to at least 50% of the depth of the crack, or at least on an average 2 ⁇ m of the first coating thickness if the total thickness of the first coating exceeds 4 ⁇ m, in order for a substantial improvement in performance to be obtained.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the invention showing a body and a coating wherein the cooling cracks in the coating have been at least partially filled during a crack sealing operation, wherein A - body,
  • the method comprises depositing onto a cemented carbide substrate a first coating comprising a first, inner, layer of TiN with a thickness of 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m, preferably of 0.3 to 2 ⁇ m, most preferably of 0.5 to 1.5 ⁇ m, using CVD at a process pressure of 120-200 mbar and a process temperature of 910-950 0 C, a second layer of ZrC x N y or TiC x N y , preferably TiC x N y , where x>0 , y ⁇ O , preferably x and y are both 0 . 45- 0 .
  • a coated cutting tool comprising a hard body, such as a cemented carbide or ceramic body, preferably a cemented carbide body, and a first coating deposited by CVD techniques known in the art, comprising one or more layers of refractory material (s) of which at least one preferably has a Coefficient of Thermal expansion (CTE) being at least 1.5*10 ⁇ 6 K "1 larger than that of the body, wherein said coating has cooling cracks and wherein substantial parts of the cooling cracks are filled with a crack filling material, being the same or different from the material (s) in the first coating, preferably using CVD, PACVD or ALD.
  • a hard body such as a cemented carbide or ceramic body, preferably a cemented carbide body
  • a first coating deposited by CVD techniques known in the art comprising one or more layers of refractory material (s) of which at least one preferably has a Coefficient of Thermal expansion (CTE) being at least 1.5*10 ⁇ 6 K "1 larger than that of
  • the coating comprises additional, outer, layers, such as lubricating, colouring and/or wear detection layers, and may as a further option have a smooth outermost layer surface and/or one or several of the outer layers removed, at least along the edge line, as a result of a post-coating treatment, such as brushing or blasting.
  • additional, outer, layers such as lubricating, colouring and/or wear detection layers
  • first coating may comprise
  • the cooling cracks are at least partly filled with a crack filling material of a metal compound being a carbide, nitride, or oxide or combinations thereof, such as TiN, TiC, Ti(C,N), Al 2 O 3 , ZrN, ZrO 2 , Zr (C, N) or Ti (C, N), preferably Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 when a highly oxidation resistant coating is required, or alternatively, preferably TiN, Zr (C, N) or Ti (C, N) when demands on oxidation resistance are not so high.
  • a crack filling material of a metal compound being a carbide, nitride, or oxide or combinations thereof such as TiN, TiC, Ti(C,N), Al 2 O 3 , ZrN, ZrO 2 , Zr (C, N) or Ti (C, N), preferably Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 when a highly oxidation resistant coating is required, or alternatively, preferably TiN, Zr (C, N)
  • a layer of TiC x O z about 0.5 ⁇ m thick was deposited at 1000 °C using TiCl 4 , CO and H2, and then the reactor was flushed with a mixture of 2 % CO 2 , 5 % HCl and 93 % H 2 for 2 min before a 7 ⁇ m thick layer of CC-Al 2 O 3 was deposited.
  • the process conditions during the deposition steps were as shown in Table 1.
  • Inserts from Example 1 were heated to 750 °C and subject to a 90 min ZrO 2 deposition process using the parameters shown in Table 2 during which a 0.6 ⁇ m thick layer was formed.
  • the inserts were then allowed to cool to room temperature where after a sample preparation was performed where about 1 ⁇ m of the Al 2 O 3 layer was removed by means of a polishing operation.
  • the inserts were then examined using SEM in backscatter mode. The investigation showed that more than 95% of the cracks had been at least partially filled during the ZrO 2 deposition process, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • An examination of a polished cross section of the specimen showed that the topmost about 5 ⁇ m of the cracks were filled with ZrO 2 as shown in Fig. 3.
  • Inserts from Example 1 were heated to 700 °C and subject to a 90 min. Al 2 O 3 deposition process using the parameters shown in Table 3 during which a 0.5 ⁇ m thick layer was formed.
  • the inserts were then allowed to cool to room temperature where after a sample preparation and examination according to Example 2 was performed. The investigation showed that more than 85% of the cracks had been filled to an average of about 4 ⁇ m during the Al 2 O 3 deposition process.
  • Cemented carbide inserts with the composition 6.2 wt-% Co and balance WC were coated using the deposition steps as in Table 1.
  • the inserts were allowed to cool to 700 °C, allowing cooling cracks to form, and was subject to a 90 min. ZrO 2 deposition process using the parameters shown in Table 2 during which a 0.6 ⁇ m thick layer was formed.
  • the inserts were then allowed to cool to room temperature where after a sample preparation and examination according to Example 2 was performed. The investigation showed that more than 90% of the cracks had been filled to an average of about 4 ⁇ m during the ZrO 2 deposition process.
  • Cemented carbide inserts with the composition 6.2 wt-% Co and balance WC was coated using the deposition steps as in Table 1.
  • the inserts were allowed to cool to 700 °C, allowing cooling cracks to form, and was subject to a ZrO 2 deposition process using the parameters shown in Table 2 during which a 0.5 ⁇ m thick layer was formed.
  • the inserts were coated with a 1.3 ⁇ m thick TiN layer using the parameters shown in Table 4, giving the inserts a golden lustre.
  • the inserts were subjected to a blasting operation removing the TiN and exposing the OC-Al 2 O 3 layer on the rake face of the inserts, but leaving the TiN layer on the flank faces.
  • Cemented carbide inserts with the composition 6.2 wt-% Co and balance WC was coated using the deposition steps as in Table 1.
  • the inserts were allowed to cool to room temperature, allowing cooling cracks to form, and the inserts were transferred to a PVD reaction chamber.
  • the inserts were then coated with a 2 ⁇ m thick TiN layer using arc evaporation with the parameters shown in Table 5.
  • the inserts were allowed to cool to room temperature after which a sample preparation according to Example 2 was performed. The investigation showed that no filling of the cracks was obtained, as shown in Fig. 5.
  • Inserts from Examples 1 to 6 were blasted using a mixture of Al 2 O 3 -grits and water and a pressure of about 2.2 bar exposing the CC-Al 2 O 3 layer on the rake face of the inserts.
  • the flank faces were shielded of, leaving them unaffected by the blasting operation .
  • the inserts were then tested in a milling test in cast iron with respect to flank wear and partial destruction of the edge line caused by propagation of thermal cracks.
  • flank wear > 0.35 mm

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un outil de coupe, et sur un procédé de fabrication de celui-ci, l'outil de coupe ayant une résistance améliorée à la corrosion due aux liquides de refroidissement. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à: utiliser un corps dur, tel qu'un corps en céramique ou en carbure cémenté; effectuer un premier traitement de dépôt de revêtement de façon à obtenir un premier revêtement comprenant le dépôt par des techniques de dépôt chimique en phase vapeur (CVD) connues dans la technique, d'une ou de plusieurs couches de matériaux réfractaires; abaisser la température de l'outil de coupe au moins à une température à laquelle des fissures de refroidissement se forment dans le revêtement; et réaliser en plus une étape de scellement des fissures en utilisant, par exemple, un dépôt chimique en phase vapeur, un dépôt chimique en phase vapeur activé par plasma. ou un dépôt en couches atomiques. Ainsi, des parties substantielles des fissures de refroidissement sont remplies par un matériau de remplissage de fissures, qui est identique ou différent du ou des matériaux dans le premier revêtement, à l'aide d'une technique de dépôt ayant une qualité de remplissage suffisamment élevée.
PCT/SE2008/051048 2007-09-26 2008-09-19 Outil de coupe pour usinage de métaux par enlèvement de copeaux WO2009041893A1 (fr)

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WO2015025903A1 (fr) * 2013-08-21 2015-02-26 株式会社タンガロイ Outil de coupe revêtu
WO2017204141A1 (fr) * 2016-05-24 2017-11-30 株式会社タンガロイ Outil de coupe revêtu
WO2018123980A1 (fr) * 2016-12-26 2018-07-05 京セラ株式会社 Plaquette de coupe

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CN114149273B (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-10-21 湖南省嘉利信陶瓷科技有限公司 一种电子陶瓷用氧化铝陶瓷粉体的制备方法

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EP0416824A2 (fr) * 1989-09-04 1991-03-13 Nippon Steel Corporation Outil en carbure cémenté revêtu du cÀ©ramiques ayant une résistance élevée à la rupture
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Cited By (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015025903A1 (fr) * 2013-08-21 2015-02-26 株式会社タンガロイ Outil de coupe revêtu
KR20160029853A (ko) * 2013-08-21 2016-03-15 가부시키가이샤 탕가로이 피복 절삭 공구
CN105579171A (zh) * 2013-08-21 2016-05-11 株式会社图格莱 被覆切削工具
JP5962862B2 (ja) * 2013-08-21 2016-08-03 株式会社タンガロイ 被覆切削工具
KR101722009B1 (ko) 2013-08-21 2017-03-31 가부시키가이샤 탕가로이 피복 절삭 공구
RU2635055C2 (ru) * 2013-08-21 2017-11-08 Тунгалой Корпорейшн Режущий инструмент с покрытием
WO2017204141A1 (fr) * 2016-05-24 2017-11-30 株式会社タンガロイ Outil de coupe revêtu
JPWO2017204141A1 (ja) * 2016-05-24 2019-03-28 株式会社タンガロイ 被覆切削工具
WO2018123980A1 (fr) * 2016-12-26 2018-07-05 京セラ株式会社 Plaquette de coupe
CN110177642A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2019-08-27 京瓷株式会社 切削刀具
JPWO2018123980A1 (ja) * 2016-12-26 2019-10-31 京セラ株式会社 切削インサート

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