WO2009039756A2 - Procédé de commande d'un circuit de commutation progressive dans une alimentation à découpage - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'un circuit de commutation progressive dans une alimentation à découpage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009039756A2
WO2009039756A2 PCT/CN2008/072291 CN2008072291W WO2009039756A2 WO 2009039756 A2 WO2009039756 A2 WO 2009039756A2 CN 2008072291 W CN2008072291 W CN 2008072291W WO 2009039756 A2 WO2009039756 A2 WO 2009039756A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turned
main power
switching device
time
current
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/072291
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Chuntao Zhang
Xiaofei Zhang
Xueli Xiao
Original Assignee
Liebert Corporation
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Publication date
Application filed by Liebert Corporation filed Critical Liebert Corporation
Priority to US12/678,030 priority Critical patent/US8416592B2/en
Publication of WO2009039756A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009039756A2/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching power supply, in particular to a control method of a soft switching circuit in a switching power supply. Background technique
  • the development trend of switching power supplies is: high frequency miniaturization, high power density, high efficiency, and low cost.
  • the conventional switching circuit is in a hard switching state, the loss of the semiconductor device is very large, and it is impossible to improve its own efficiency, thereby making the volume bulky and gradually losing market competitiveness. Due to the development of the semiconductor device industry and the price and other factors, the soft-switching circuit topology has become the choice of most switching power supply manufacturers to improve product competitiveness.
  • the working principle of the traditional hard switching circuit is as follows: As shown in Fig. 1, the positive and negative DC power supply ⁇ l/2Ud and the main power switching devices SW1 and SW2 form a main power half-bridge inverter circuit, and the main power switching devices SW1 and SW2 are controlled to be disconnected. And turn off, get the high frequency pulse voltage of ⁇ 1/2Ud at point B, pass the inductance L1 of the main power filter circuit and the resonance capacitor C3, get the power frequency output voltage required by the design at both ends of the resonance capacitor C3, and at the same time on L1 A main power filter current II is formed. At this time, the main power switching devices SW1 and SW2 belong to the conventional hard switch, and the loss is very large.
  • the ARCP soft switching circuit adds two unidirectional auxiliary switching devices SW3, SW4 and a resonant inductor L2, and simultaneously connects the main power switching devices SW1 and SW2 in parallel with each other. Larger resonant capacitors Cl, C2.
  • a resonant current 12 is formed on the resonant inductor L2, the current of which is consistent with the main power filter current II in the direction, and the resonance between the resonant inductor L2 and the resonant capacitor C3,
  • the main power switching devices SW1 and SW2 are turned on at zero voltage.
  • the ARCP soft switching circuit can realize zero voltage turn-on of the main power switching devices SW1 and SW2. And zero voltage shutdown, which greatly reduces the loss of the main power device.
  • the newly added auxiliary switching devices SW3 and SW4 due to the presence of the resonant inductor L2 connected in series, the current does not abruptly change, thereby achieving zero current turn-on, and the switching devices SW3 and SW4 are turned on and off by reasonable control.
  • the zero-current turn-off of the auxiliary switching devices SW3 and SW4 can be realized.
  • the operating states are zero current turn-on and zero current turn-off, and the switching loss is very small.
  • the ARCP soft-switching circuit not only realizes the zero-voltage switching of the main power switching devices SW1 and SW2, but also reduces the loss thereof, and also realizes the zero-current switching of the auxiliary switching devices SW3 and SW4, and the switching loss is very small. Basically, its switching loss can be ignored. Therefore, the overall working efficiency of the circuit is obviously improved, the loss of the whole machine is greatly reduced, and the volume thereof can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the competitiveness of the whole product.
  • the ARCP soft-switching circuit has the advantages of low loss and high efficiency mentioned above, it is found in the actual use that this circuit topology has an obvious disadvantage, that is, when the main power filter current II is relatively small, especially near the zero-crossing point, In half a week, the freewheeling diode D4 cannot be turned on normally, which will cause the following adverse consequences:
  • Resonant capacitors Cl and C2 have very large inrush currents, which can reduce their lifetime or even fail.
  • the main power switching device SW2 has a very large inrush current, which will reduce its reliability and even failure.
  • the main power switching device SW1 has a very high peak voltage across the SW1, which will break down and disable it.
  • Resonant capacitors Cl and C2 have very large inrush currents, which can reduce their lifetime or even fail.
  • the main power switching device SW1 has a very large inrush current, which will reduce its reliability and even failure.
  • the main power switching device SW2 has a very high peak voltage across the SW2, which will break down and disable it. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above ARCP soft switching circuit.
  • the present invention provides an improved control method of a soft switching circuit, which further controls the turn-on and turn-off of the forward and negative auxiliary switching devices under the control steps of the above-described ARCP soft switching circuit.
  • the compensation current in the opposite direction of the alternating main power filter current is formed on the road to ensure that the resonant capacitor completes the charging and discharging process in the dead time, so that the freewheeling diode can be normally turned on, thereby preventing the soft switching circuit from being generated at the current zero crossing.
  • the inrush current and spike voltage cause damage to components.
  • the present invention also provides another improved control method of the soft switching circuit, which changes the switching control of the above-mentioned ARCP soft switching circuit to: let the negative and positive auxiliary switching devices respectively generating the resonant current in the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle die Turning on during the time zone and turning off during the first and second main power switching devices are turned on, and further controlling the turn-on and turn-off of the forward and negative auxiliary switching devices, at least for a period of time during the rest of the resonant current, The compensation current in the opposite direction of the alternating main power filter current is formed on the resonant branch to ensure that the resonant capacitor completes the charging and discharging process in the dead time, so that the freewheeling diode can be normally turned on, thereby avoiding the soft switching circuit in the current zero crossing.
  • the inrush current and spike voltage generated at the site cause damage to components.
  • main power switching device and auxiliary switching device may be a semiconductor device IGBT, MOSFET, GTO or SCR.
  • the charge and discharge current of the resonance capacitor is increased, and the commutation speed is accelerated, thereby ensuring completion in the dead time under the condition that the main power filter current is relatively small.
  • the charging and discharging process of the resonant capacitor enables the freewheeling diode to be normally turned on, thereby avoiding the generation of the inrush current and the spike voltage, effectively protecting the switching device and the resonant capacitor, and improving the reliability of the circuit and the whole machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a prior art ARCP soft switching circuit.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the prior art ARCP soft switching circuit in the positive half cycle.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation principle of a specific embodiment of the soft switching circuit of the present invention at the time when the SW4 is turned on in the positive half cycle.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the operation principle of a specific embodiment of the soft switching circuit of the present invention at the time when the negative half cycle SW3 is turned on.
  • the starting time is a certain time during the opening of SW1 in the adjacent negative half cycle before the positive half cycle.
  • 6A, 6B to 17A, 17B are schematic diagrams of the switching logic of the positive and negative half cycles of the soft switching circuit of the embodiments of the present invention, respectively.
  • the starting times of the positive and negative half cycles are respectively the negative and positive half adjacent to each other.
  • the circuit includes a main power half-bridge inverter circuit composed of a positive-negative DC power supply and main power switching devices SW1 and SW2, and forms a power frequency output voltage Uo. And a main power filter circuit of the main power filter current II, the main power filter circuit further comprising two unidirectional switching devices SW3, SW4 and a resonant inductor L2 for reducing losses of SW1 and SW2, and for controlling the main power switch
  • the device SW1, SW2 and the unidirectional switching devices SW3, SW4 turn on and off the PWM signal generator.
  • the above PWM signal generator for controlling the main power switching devices SW1, SW2 and the unidirectional switching devices SW3, SW4 to be turned on and off may also be a PFM signal generator or a PWM-PFM mixed signal generator or other type of square. Wave signal generator or CPU.
  • the output filter current is in the positive direction, and the turn-on logic of each switching device is shown in Figure 5.
  • the schematic diagram of the working principle is shown in Figure 2. From the working principle of the ARCP soft-switching circuit, it can be known that the main power switching device SW1 is implemented. When the zero voltage is turned on, the auxiliary switching device SW3 must be turned on before the main power switching device SW1 is turned on and after the main power switching device SW2 is turned off, that is, the conduction is started from the time T3, and is turned off after the time T4, and the auxiliary switch is turned in the positive half cycle. Device SW4 does not need to be active and is always off.
  • the main power switching device SW1 Before the time T1, the main power switching device SW1 is in the on state, and all the other switches are in the off state. At this time, the main power filtering current II current flow direction is: +l/2Ud ⁇ >SWl ⁇ >Ll->C3->N ⁇ >+l/2Ud, at time T1, the main power switching device SW1 is turned off, and the current through the main power switching device SW1 is transferred to the resonant capacitor C1 connected in parallel thereto, that is, the resonant capacitor C1 starts to charge, and the resonant capacitor C2 starts.
  • the above-mentioned capacitor charging and discharging commutation process is different.
  • the time is usually between 1 and 3 nanoseconds.
  • the capacitor charging currents Icl and Ic2 are small, the voltage across the capacitor cannot be exceeded during the dead time Td. Full of Ud. Under this condition, the resonant capacitor C2 is charged from T1 to T2 and the voltage across the two ends is Uc ⁇ Ud. At this time, the voltage across the resonant capacitor C2 is (Ud-Uc)>0, due to the presence of both ends of the resonant capacitor C2 (Ud) -Uc), the freewheeling diode D4 cannot be turned on normally. After the main power switching device SW2 is turned on at T2, the voltage across the resonant capacitor C2 (Ud-Uc) is instantaneously short-circuited by the main power switching device SW2.
  • the resonant capacitor C1 Since the resonant capacitor C1 has a very small capacitance relative to the DC power supply Ud, and the two directly belong to the direct connection, without any current limiting component, the voltage across the resonant capacitor C1 will be charged from Uc to Ud instantaneously, and the inrush current is very high. Large, resonant capacitor C1 is a very large damage. If the current is impacted for a long time, the life of the resonant capacitor C1 will decrease or even fail.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the control mode of the positive half cycle after the change the original signal is controlled by the PWM signal generator.
  • the forward auxiliary switching device SW4 which does not need to work, is simultaneously involved in operation, so that SW4 is turned on at the time T1 when SW1 is turned off and turned off after the time T2 when SW2 is turned on, and the working principle when SW4 is turned on is shown in Fig. 3, when the main power is filtered.
  • the current II is relatively small, especially at the zero crossing, the resonant capacitor C1 starts to charge at time T1, and the resonant capacitor C2 starts to discharge.
  • the control method of the negative half cycle after the change is the same as the control method of the positive half cycle.
  • the schematic diagram of the working principle when SW3 is turned on is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the compensation current 13 opposite to the main power filter current II is formed on the resonant current branch, which is the same as the positive half cycle.
  • the compensation current 13 greatly increases the capacitance charge and discharge current. Icl and Ic2, so that the capacitor can complete the charging and discharging process in the same dead time, and the freewheeling diode D3 can also be normally turned on, so that there is no problem such as the previous inrush current.
  • the present invention can also solve the problems of the prior art by the following embodiments.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed according to the switching logic diagrams shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, that is, under the timing control step of the existing ARCP soft switching circuit, in the positive half cycle, SW4 is also turned on at the time T1 when SW1 is turned off and at SW2.
  • the turn-on time T2 is turned off, that is, it is turned on in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2]; in the negative half cycle, SW3 is turned on at the time T3 when the SW2 is turned off and turned off at the time T4 when the SW1 is turned on, that is, It is in the open state in the second dead time [T3 ⁇ T4].
  • the resonant capacitors Cl, C2 can be separately charged and discharged during the first and second dead time periods.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B.
  • SW4 is also turned on at the time T1 when SW1 is turned off and turned off before the time T2 when the SW2 is turned on; in the negative half cycle, the SW3 is also The time T3 at which the SW2 is turned off is turned on and turned off before the time T4 at which the SW1 is turned on.
  • the resonant capacitors C1 and C2 can be respectively charged and discharged in the first and second dead time periods.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 9A and 9B.
  • SW4 is also turned on after the time T1 when SW1 is turned off, that is, in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2] and after the time SW2 when the SW2 is turned on.
  • SW3 is also turned on after the time when SW2 is turned off, that is, after the second dead time [ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 4], and is turned off after the time SW4 when SW1 is turned on.
  • the same principle as in the first embodiment can cause the resonant capacitors Cl, C2 to complete the charging and discharging process in the first and second dead time periods, respectively.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 10A and 10B.
  • SW4 is also turned on after the time T1 when SW1 is turned off, that is, in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2] and turned off at the time when SW2 is turned on.
  • SW3 is also turned on in the second dead time [ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 4] at the time when SW2 is turned off, and turned off at the time when SW1 is turned on.
  • the same principle as in the first embodiment can cause the resonant capacitors Cl and C2 to complete the charging and discharging processes in the first and second dead time periods, respectively.
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 11A and 11B.
  • SW4 is also turned on at the time T1 at which the SW1 is turned off, that is, in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2], and is turned off before the time ⁇ 2 when the SW2 is turned on.
  • SW3 is also turned on after the time when SW2 is turned off, that is, after the second dead time [ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 4], and is turned off before the time SW4 when SW1 is turned on.
  • the same principle as in the first embodiment can cause the resonant capacitors Cl, C2 to complete the charging and discharging process in the first and second dead time periods, respectively.
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B.
  • SW3 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is turned on after the time T3 at which the SW2 is turned off, that is, in the second dead time [T3 to T4], and is turned off after the time SW4 at which the SW1 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 5.
  • the SW4 is also turned on at the time T1 when the SW1 is turned on, and is turned off after the time SW2 when the SW2 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 3; in the negative half cycle, the SW4 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is turned off at the time T1 when the SW1 is turned off.
  • the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2] is opened and opened in SW2.
  • the SW3 is turned off, and the SW3 is turned on at the time when the SW2 is turned off, and is turned off after the time SW4 when the SW1 is turned on and before the turn-off time ⁇ 5.
  • the resonant capacitors C1 and C2 can be respectively charged and discharged in the first and second dead time periods.
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 13A and 13B.
  • SW3 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is turned on after the time T3 at which the SW2 is turned off, that is, in the second dead time [T3 to T4], and is turned off after the time SW4 at which the SW1 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 5.
  • SW4 turn on at the time T1 when SW1 is turned off and at the time when SW2 is turned on ⁇ 2 turn off, which is turned on in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ ⁇ 2]; in the negative half cycle, let the existing ARCP soft switch circuit SW4 is turned on after the time T1 when SW1 is turned off, that is, in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ ⁇ 2], and is turned off after the time SW2 when SW2 is turned on, before the turn-off time ⁇ 3, and when SW3 is turned off at SW2 ⁇ 3 is turned on and is turned on at the time when SW1 is turned on. ⁇ 4 is turned off in the second dead time [ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 4].
  • the same principle as in the first embodiment can make the resonant capacitors Cl and C2 complete the charging and discharging process in the first and second dead time periods, respectively.
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 14A and 14B.
  • SW3 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is turned on after the time T3 at which the SW2 is turned off, that is, in the second dead time [T3 to T4], and is turned off after the time SW4 at which the SW1 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 5.
  • the SW4 is also turned off at the time T1 when the SW1 is turned off and turned off before the time ⁇ 2 when the SW2 is turned on; in the negative half cycle, the SW4 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is after the time T1 when the SW1 is turned off, that is, the first dead time [T1 ⁇ T2] is turned on and turned off after the time ⁇ 2 when SW2 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 3, and SW3 is turned on at the time when SW2 is turned off ⁇ 3 and turned off before the time SW4 when SW1 is turned on.
  • the same principle as in the first embodiment can make the resonant capacitors Cl, C2 complete the charging and discharging process in the first and second dead time respectively.
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 15A and 15B.
  • SW3 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is turned on after the time T3 at which the SW2 is turned off, that is, in the second dead time [T3 to T4], and is turned off after the time SW4 at which the SW1 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 5.
  • the SW4 is also turned on after the time T1 when the SW1 is turned off, that is, the first dead time [Tl ⁇ ⁇ 2], and is turned off after the time SW2 when the SW2 is turned on, and before the time ⁇ 3 after the turn-off; in the negative half cycle, Let SW4 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit be turned on after the time T1 when SW1 is turned off, that is, in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2], and turned off after the time ⁇ 2 when the SW2 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 3, and let SW3 is turned on at the time SW3 when SW2 is turned off, that is, in the second dead time [ ⁇ 3 to ⁇ 4], and is turned off after the time SW4 at which the SW1 is turned on, and before the ⁇ 5 at the turn-off time.
  • the resonant capacitors C1 and C2 can be respectively charged and discharged in the first and second dead time periods.
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 16A and 16B.
  • SW3 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is turned on after the time T3 at which the SW2 is turned off, that is, in the second dead time [T3 to T4], and is turned off after the time SW4 at which the SW1 is turned on, and before the turn-off time ⁇ 5.
  • the timing control of the switching device is performed in accordance with the switching logic diagrams shown in Figs. 17A and 17B.
  • the SW3 of the existing ARCP soft-switching circuit is turned on after the time T3 at which the SW2 is turned off, that is, in the second dead time [T3 to T4], and is turned off after the time T4 at which the SW1 is turned on and before the time T5 at the turn-off.
  • SW4 turn on in the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2] and turn off before the time SW2 when SW2 is turned on; in the negative half cycle, let SW4 of the existing ARCP soft switch circuit be after the time T1 when SW1 is turned off.
  • the first dead time [Tl ⁇ T2] is turned on and turned off after the time SW2 when the SW2 is turned on, the time before the turn-off time ⁇ 3, and the SW3 is turned on in the second dead time [ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 4] and is in SW1.
  • the turn-on time is turned off before ⁇ 4, and the same principle as in the first embodiment can be used to complete the charge and discharge processes of the resonant capacitors C1 and C2 in the first and second dead time periods, respectively.
  • the two unidirectional auxiliary switching devices are defined as forward and negative auxiliary switching devices, respectively, to indicate that the directions of the two are different in the circuit, and do not represent any actual current direction.

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Description

一种开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及开关电源,尤其涉及一种开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法。 背景技术
目前开关电源发展趋势为:高频小型化, 高功率密度, 高效率, 低成本。 而传统的开关电路由于半导体器件处于硬开关工作状态, 其损耗非常大,无 法提高自身效率, 从而使体积庞大, 逐渐失去市场竟争力。 由于受到半导体 器件行业发展以及价格等方面因素的限制, 软开关电路拓朴成为绝大多数开 关电源厂商提高产品竟争力的选择, 关于软开关电路方面的研究以及专利非 常多,其中一种"电感 +开关"串连形式的软开关电路 ARCP( auxiliary resonant commutated pole辅助谐振换流极) 因硬件电路简单, 控制易实现, 效果好, 得到很多开关电源行业人员青睐。 如中国实用新型专利 ZL 200620131113.6 公开了一种 ARCP软开关电路, 即属此类软开关电路的改进。
传统的硬开关电路的工作原理是: 如图 1 , 正负直流电源 ±l/2Ud与主功 率开关器件 SW1与 SW2组成主功率半桥逆变电路, 通过控制主功率开关器 件 SW1与 SW2不断开通与关断,在 B点得到 ±l/2Ud的高频脉冲电压,通过 主功率滤波电路的电感 L1与谐振电容 C3 , 在谐振电容 C3两端得到设计需 要的工频输出电压, 同时在 L1上形成主功率滤波电流 II。 这时, 主功率开 关器件 SW1与 SW2属于传统硬开关, 其损耗非常大。
为降低主功率开关器件 SW1、 SW2的损耗, ARCP软开关电路增加了两 个单向辅助开关器件 SW3、 SW4 和谐振电感 L2, 同时在主功率开关器件 SW1、 SW2两端分别并联相对其自身寄生电容较大的谐振电容 Cl、 C2。 通 过控制辅助开关器件 SW3、 SW4的开通与关断, 在谐振电感 L2上形成谐振 电流 12, 其电流在方向上与主功率滤波电流 II保持一致, 通过谐振电感 L2 与谐振电容 C3发生的谐振, 实现主功率开关器件 SW1与 SW2零电压开通。 同时, 由于在主功率开关器件 SW1和 SW2两端并联容值相对自身寄生电容 大得很多的谐振电容 C1和 C2, 从而实现主功率开关器件的零电压关断。 这 样, ARCP软开关电路能够实现主功率开关器件 SW1、 SW2 的零电压开通 和零电压关断, 从而大大降低了主功率器件的损耗。 同时对于新增加的辅助 开关器件 SW3、 SW4, 由于与其串连的谐振电感 L2的存在, 电流不会发生 突变, 从而实现零电流开通, 通过合理的控制辅助开关器件 SW3、 SW4 的 开通和关断的时间, 可以实现辅助开关器件 SW3、 SW4 的零电流关断, 这 样对于新增加的辅助开关器件 SW3, SW4 而言, 其工作状态属于零电流开 通和零电流关断, 其开关损耗非常小。
通过上述分析我们可以看到, ARCP软开关电路不但实现主功率开关器 件 SW1、 SW2零电压开关, 降低其损耗, 而且还实现了辅助开关器件 SW3、 SW4的零电流开关, 其开关损耗非常小, 基本可以忽略其开关损耗。 从而电 路整体工作效率有非常明显的提高, 整机损耗大大降低, 其体积也可以明显 缩小, 从而提高产品整机竟争力。
虽然 ARCP软开关电路具备上述低损耗, 高效率的优点, 但实际使用过 程中发现, 此电路拓朴存在一个明显缺点, 即当主功率滤波电流 II比较小尤 其是在过零点附近的时候, 在正半周, 续流二极管 D4无法正常导通, 会造 成以下几种不良后果:
1 )谐振电容 Cl、 C2冲击电流非常大, 会使其寿命降低甚至失效。
2 )主功率开关器件 SW2冲击电流非常大, 会降低其可靠性甚至失效。
3 )主功率开关器件 SW1两端尖峰电压非常高, 会击穿使之失效。
以上三种不良后果都会直接导致电路工作异常甚至使整机无法正常工 作。
同理, 负半周,续流二极管 D3无法正常导通,会造成以下几种不良后果:
1 )谐振电容 Cl、 C2冲击电流非常大, 会使其寿命降低甚至失效。
2 )主功率开关器件 SW1冲击电流非常大, 会降低其可靠性甚至失效。
3 )主功率开关器件 SW2两端尖峰电压非常高, 会击穿使之失效。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是: 克服上述 ARCP软开关电路所存在的缺 点。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种改进的软开关电路的控制方法, 其在上述 ARCP软开关电路的控制步骤下, 通过进一步控制正向和负向辅助 开关器件的开通与关断, 在谐振电流歇止期间的至少一段时间内, 在谐振支 路上形成与交变主功率滤波电流反方向的补偿电流, 以保证谐振电容在死区 时间内完成充电和放电过程, 使续流二极管可以正常导通, 从而避免软开关 电路在电流过零处产生的冲击电流和尖峰电压对元器件造成伤害。
本发明还提供另一种改进的软开关电路的控制方法, 其将上述 ARCP软 开关电路的开关控制改为: 让正半周和负半周内分别产生谐振电流的负向和 正向辅助开关器件在死区时间内开通并在第一、 二主功率开关器件开通期间 关断, 并且还进一步控制正向和负向辅助开关器件的开通与关断, 在谐振电 流歇止期间的至少一段时间内, 在谐振支路上形成与交变主功率滤波电流反 方向的补偿电流, 以保证谐振电容在死区时间内完成充电和放电过程, 使续 流二极管可以正常导通, 从而避免软开关电路在电流过零处产生的冲击电流 和尖峰电压对元器件造成伤害。
其中,上述的主功率开关器件和辅助开关器件,可以是半导体器件 IGBT、 MOSFET、 GTO或 SCR。
本发明与现有技术 ARCP软开关电路对比的有益效果是:
因为在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流方向相反的补偿电流, 从 而加大谐振电容充放电电流, 加快换流速度, 从而确保在主功率滤波电流比 较小条件下, 在死区时间内完成谐振电容的充电和放电过程, 使续流二极管 可以正常导通, 从而避免冲击电流和尖峰电压的产生, 有效保护开关器件和 谐振电容, 提高了电路和整机工作的可靠性。。 附图说明
图 1是现有技术 ARCP软开关电路的工作原理示意图。
图 2是现有技术 ARCP软开关电路正半周的工作原理示意图。
图 3是本发明软开关电路一个具体实施方式在正半周 SW4开通时刻的 工作原理示意图。
图 4是本发明软开关电路一个具体实施方式在负半周 SW3开通时刻的 工作原理示意图。 的起始时刻是该正半周之前相邻的负半周内 SW1开通期间的某个时刻。
图 6A、 6B ~ 17A、 17B分别是本发明各实施例的软开关电路正、 负半周 的开关逻辑示意图, 图中正、 负半周的起时刻分别是其之前相邻的负、 正半 周内 SW1开通期间的某个时刻。 具体实施方式
下面对照附图并结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。
在说明具体实施例之前, 先对现有 ARCP软开关电路的工作原理做一分 析, 尤其是在主功率滤波电流过零处的分析,具体描述如下:
如图 2, 是现有 ARCP软开关电路一个实施例的工作原理示意图, 该电 路包括正负直流电源与主功率开关器件 SW1、 SW2组成的主功率半桥逆变 电路, 形成工频输出电压 Uo和主功率滤波电流 II的主功率滤波电路, 该主 功率滤波电路还包括用于降低 SW1、 SW2损耗的两个单向开关器件 SW3、 SW4和谐振电感 L2, 以及用于控制所述主功率开关器件 SW1、 SW2和单向 开关器件 SW3、 SW4开通与关断的 PWM信号发生器。
上述用于控制所述主功率开关器件 SW1、 SW2和单向开关器件 SW3、 SW4开通与关断的 PWM信号发生器也可以是 PFM信号发生器或 PWM-PFM 混合信号发生器或者其他类型的方波信号发生器或者 CPU等。
以正半周为例,输出滤波电流为正方向,各个开关器件开通逻辑如图 5所 示, 其工作原理示意图如图 2, 从 ARCP软开关电路工作原理可以知道, 为 了实现主功率开关器件 SW1的零电压开通, 辅助开关器件 SW3必须在主功 率开关器件 SW1导通前以及主功率开关器件 SW2关断后开通,即从 T3时刻 开始导通, 在 T4时刻之后关断, 在正半周内辅助开关器件 SW4是不需要工 作的, 一直处于关断状态。
在主功率滤波电流 II比较大时电路工作无任何问题,当主功率滤波电流 II电流较小尤其是在过零点附近时,此电路工作在 T1 ~ T2之间会出现问题, 具体描述如下:
在 T1时刻之前, 主功率开关器件 SW1处于导通状态, 其余所有开关均 处于 关断状态 , 此时主功率滤波电 流 II 电 流流向 为 : +l/2Ud~>SWl~>Ll->C3->N~>+l/2Ud, 在 T1 时刻,主功率开关器件 SW1 关断, 通过主功率开关器件 SW1的电流转移到与其并联的谐振电容 C1中, 即谐振电容 C1开始充电, 同时谐振电容 C2开始放电,在主功率滤波电流 II 比较大的情况下,谐振电容 C1两端电压会在 T2时刻即主功率开关器件 SW2 开通前充满到 Ud, 相应谐振电容 C2会放电完毕到零, 相应过程有如下关 系 :Icl+Ic2=Il。 随后续流二极管 D4 导通, 电流流向变为 : -l/2Ud~>D4->Ll->C3->N~>-l/2Ud, 当 T2时刻主功率开关器件 SW2导通 时,由于续流二极管 D4的导通,主功率开关器件 SW2属于零电压开通。 当主 功率滤波电流 II接近过零点时,上述电容充放电换流过程就不一样了,在谐振 电容 C1、C2充、放电过程时刻有 Icl+Ic2=Il关系,当主功率滤波电流 II较小, 尤其是在过零点附近时,给电容充、放电的电流 Icl、 c2也会比较小,而且对于 额外增加的谐振电容 Cl、 C2至少都要在几十到几百纳法之间,而且对于死区 时间通常在 1 ~ 3纳秒之间,电容充放电有关系 IOU/T,即有 U=IxT/C,当电容 充电电流 Icl、Ic2较小时,在死区时间 Td时间内电容两端电压无法充满到 Ud。 该条件下,谐振电容 C2从 T1时刻开始充电到 T2时刻截止两端电压为 Uc<Ud, 这时谐振电容 C2两端电压为 (Ud-Uc)>0,由于谐振电容 C2两端存在 (Ud-Uc) 的电压,续流二极管 D4无法正常导通 ,T2时刻主功率开关器件 SW2导通后, 谐振电容 C2两端的电压 (Ud-Uc)瞬间被主功率开关器件 SW2短路,测试得知 在主功率开关器件 SW2和谐振电容 C2环路之间有很大瞬间电流,此电流理论 上无穷大,实际由于一些寄生电感等元件的存在,通常有几十到几百安培,此冲 击电流对开关器件 SW2会造成很大损害,长时间多次冲击后,主功率开关器件 SW2很可能损坏,而且对于谐振电容 C1而言,当 T2时刻主功率开关器件 SW2 导通后,输入电压 Ud直接与谐振电容 C1并联,由于谐振电容 C1相对与直流 电源 Ud容值非常小,而且两者直接属于直接相连,无任何限流元件,谐振电容 C1两端电压会在瞬间从 Uc充高到 Ud,冲击电流非常大,对谐振电容 C1是非 常大损伤,长时间多次电流冲击,会使谐振电容 C1 寿命降低,甚至失效。 另外, 由于所给谐振电容 C1充电的电流的变化率非常大,通常实际线路中都会有几 十到几百纳亨的寄生电感 L存在,由于电流变化率 dl/dt非常大,在主功率开关 器件 SW1两端会产生非常高的尖峰电压 Uspike= Lxdl/dt,此电压很可能会超 过主功率开关器件 SW1承受电压的最大值,从而使主功率开关器件 SW1损 坏。
由以上问题分析可以知道, 此电路存在缺陷的根本原因在于: 在死区时 间内无法完成谐振电容 Cl、 C2的充电和放电过程。
根据以上发现, 本发明提出如下实施例:
实施例一:
如图 6A所示, 变更后正半周的控制方式:通过 PWM信号发生器控制原 本不需要工作的正向辅助开关器件 SW4同时参与工作, 让 SW4在 SW1关 断的时刻 T1开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 T2之后关断, SW4开通时的工作原 理示意图如图 3, 当主功率滤波电流 II比较小尤其在过零处时, 在 T1时刻 谐振电容 C1开始充电,谐振电容 C2开始放电,由于正向辅助开关器件 SW4 的开通, 而且从电路原理可以知道正向辅助开关器件 SW4 只能通过负方向 的电流,所以在谐振电流支路上形成与主功率滤波电流 II方向相反的补偿电 流 14, 此时有关系式 Icl+Ic2=Il+I4, 虽然主功率滤波电流 II 比较小, 但由 于增加补偿电流 14后, 会大大增大电容充放电电流 Icl和 Ic2, 从而使电容 在相同的死区时间内可以完成充、 放电过程, 续流二极管 D4也可以正常导 通, 在 T2时刻第二主功率开关器件 SW2开通后, 由于续流二极管 D4已经 导通, 不会有之前的冲击电流等问题, 可以提高元器件工作的可靠性, 从而 大大提高了电路和整机工作的可靠性。
如图 6B所示,变更后负半周的控制方式和正半周的控制方式相同。 SW3 开通时的工作原理示意图如图 4, 此时在谐振电流支路上形成与主功率滤波 电流 II方向相反的补偿电流 13 , 同正半周一样道理, 该补偿电流 13会大大 增大电容充放电电流 Icl和 Ic2,从而使电容在相同的死区时间内可以完成充、 放电过程, 续流二极管 D3也可以正常导通, 从而不会有之前的冲击电流等 问题。
本发明还可以通过以下实施例解决现有技术存在的问题。
实施例二:
按照图 7A、 7B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制, 即在 现有 ARCP软开关电路的时序控制步骤下, 在正半周, 还让 SW4在 SW1关 断的时刻 T1开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 T2关断,即在第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2] 内处于开通状态;在负半周,还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3开通并在 SW1 开通的时刻 T4关断, 即在第二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内处于开通状态。 同实施例 一同样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充 放电过程。
实施例三:
按照图 8A、 8B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在现 有 ARCP软开关电路的时序控制步骤下, 在正半周, 还让 SW4在 SW1关断 的时刻 T1开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 T2之前关断; 在负半周, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3开通并在 SWl开通的时刻 T4之前关断。 同实施例一同 样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电 过程。
实施例四:
按照图 9A、 9B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在现 有 ARCP软开关电路的时序控制步骤下, 在正半周, 还让 SW4在 SW1关断 的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之 后关断; 在负半周, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 Τ3之后即第二死区时间 [Τ3 ~ Τ4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后关断。同实施例一同样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电过程。
实施例五:
按照图 10A、 10B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 现有 ARCP软开关电路的时序控制步骤下, 在正半周, 还让 SW4在 SW1关 断的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2 关断;在负半周,还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 Τ3之后即第二死区时间 [Τ3 ~ Τ4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4关断。 同实施例一同样的道理, 可以使 谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电过程。
实施例六:
按照图 11A、 11B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 现有 ARCP软开关电路的时序控制步骤下, 在正半周, 还让 SW4在 SW1关 断的时刻 T1之即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之 前关断; 在负半周, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 Τ3之后即第二死区时间 [Τ3 ~ Τ4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之前关断。同实施例一同样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电过程。
实施例七:
按照图 12A、 12B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 正半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3之后即第 二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后、 关断的时刻 Τ5 之前关断, 还让 SW4在 SW1开通的时刻 T1开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2 之后、关断的时刻 Τ3之前关断;在负半周,让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW4 在 SW1关断的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通 的时刻 T2之后、 关断的时刻 Τ3之前关断, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 Τ3开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后、 关断的时刻 Τ5之前关断。 同实施例 一同样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充 放电过程。
实施例八:
按照图 13A、 13B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 正半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3之后即第 二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后、 关断的时刻 Τ5 之前关断, 还让 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2 关断即在第一死区时间 [Tl ~ Τ2]内处于开通状态; 在负半周, 让现有 ARCP 软开关电路的 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ Τ2]内 开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之后、 关断的时刻 Τ3之前关断, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 Τ3开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4关断即在第二死区时间 [Τ3 ~ Τ4]内处于开通状态。 同实施例一同样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2 在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电过程。
实施例九:
按照图 14A、 14B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 正半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3之后即第 二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后、 关断的时刻 Τ5 之前关断, 还让 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1开通在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之 前关断;在负半周,让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1 之后即第一死区时间 [T1 ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之后、 关断的 时刻 Τ3之前关断, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 Τ3开通并在 SW1开通的 时刻 Τ4之前关断。同实施例一同样的道理,可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电过程。
实施例十:
按照图 15A、 15B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 正半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3之后即第 二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后、 关断的时刻 Τ5 之前关断, 还让 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ Τ2] 内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之后、 关断的时刻 Τ3之前关断; 在负半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时 间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之后、 关断的时刻 Τ3之前关断, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 Τ3之后即第二死区时间 [Τ3 ~ Τ4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后、关断的时刻 Τ5之前关断。同实施例一同样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电过程。
实施例十一:
按照图 16A、 16B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 正半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3之后即第 二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之后、 关断的时刻 Τ5 之前关断, 还让 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ Τ2] 内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2关断; 在负半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路 的 SW4在 SW1关断的时刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2 开通的时刻 T2之后、 关断的时刻 T3之前关断, 还让 SW3在 SW2关断的时 刻 T3之后即第二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4关断。 同实施例一同样的道理, 可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分 别完成充放电过程。
实施例十二:
按照图 17A、 17B所示的开关逻辑示意图进行开关器件的时序控制。 在 正半周, 让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW3在 SW2关断的时刻 T3之后即第 二死区时间 [T3 ~ T4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 T4之后、 关断的时刻 T5 之前关断, 还让 SW4在第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之前关断;在负半周,让现有 ARCP软开关电路的 SW4在 SW1关断的时 刻 T1之后即第一死区时间 [Tl ~ T2]内开通并在 SW2开通的时刻 Τ2之后、 关断的时刻 Τ3 之前关断, 还让 SW3 在第二死区时间 [Τ3 ~ Τ4]内开通并在 SW1开通的时刻 Τ4之前关断,和实施例一同样的道理,可以使谐振电容 Cl、 C2在第一、 二死区时间内分别完成充放电过程。
本发明全文将所述两个单向辅助开关器件分别定义为正向、 负向辅助开 关器件, 以示两者在电路中单向导通的方向不同, 而并不代表任何实际的电 流方向。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明, 不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的 普通技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下, 还可以做出若干简单推 演或替换, 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 通过控制第一、 二主功率开 关器件(SW1、 SW2)不断开通与关断, 形成交变的主功率滤波电流(II); 并且通过控制正向和负向辅助开关器件(SW4、 SW3) 的开通与关断, 在谐 振支路上形成与交变主功率滤波电流(II )同方向的间歇交变谐振电流(12), 以实现第一、 二主功率开关器件(SW1、 SW2) 的零电压开通; 其特征是: 进一步控制正向和负向辅助开关器件(SW4、 SW3) 的开通与关断, 在 谐振电流 ( 12 )歇止期间的至少一段时间内, 在谐振支路上形成与交变主功率 滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14), 以保证谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在 死区时间内完成充电和放电过程。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周,即主功率滤波电流( II )为正向时,让正向辅助开关器件( SW4 ) 在第一主功率开关器件( SW1 )关断的时刻( T1 )到第二主功率开关器件( SW2 ) 开通的时刻 (T2)之间即第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内开通, 并在第二主功率开 关器件 ( SW2 )关断之前关断,在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流 ( II ) 方向相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2] 内完成充电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让负向辅助开关器件 (SW3)在第二主功率开关器件(SW2) 关断的时刻 (T3)到第一主功率开 关器件开通的时刻 (T4)之间即第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内开通, 并在第一主 功率开关器件关断之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II) 方向相反的补偿电流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4] 内完成放电和充电过程。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周,即主功率滤波电流( II )为正向时,让正向辅助开关器件( SW4 ) 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时刻 (T1)开通, 在第二主功率开关 器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2) 关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波 电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时 间 [Tl, T2]内完成充电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让负向辅助开关器件
(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件(SW2) 关断的时刻 (T3)开通, 在第一主 功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4) 关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主 功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第 二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成充电和放电过程。
4. 如权利要求 2所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周,即主功率滤波电流( II )为正向时,让正向辅助开关器件( SW4 ) 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时刻 (T1)开通, 在第二主功率开关 器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率 滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死 区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让负向辅助开关器件 (SW3)在第二主功率开关器件(SW2) 关断的时刻 (T3)开通, 在第一主 功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个 与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2) 在第二死区时间 [T3 , T4]内完成充电和放电过程。
5. 如权利要求 2所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周,即主功率滤波电流( II )为正向时,让正向辅助开关器件( SW4 ) 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器 件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开 通的时刻 (T2)之后、 关断的时刻 (T3)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个 与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2) 在第一死区时间 [Tl , T2]内完成充电和放电过程; 在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让负向辅助开关器件 (SW3)在第二主功率开关器件(SW2) 关断的时刻 (T3)之后, 第一主功 率开关器件( SW1 )开通的时刻( T4 )之前开通,在第一主功率开关器件( SW1 ) 开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时刻 (T5)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一 个与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2) 在第二死区时间 [T3 , T4]内完成充电和放电过程。
6. 如权利要求 2所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周,即主功率滤波电流( II )为正向时,让正向辅助开关器件( SW4 ) 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器 件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开 通的时刻 (T2) 关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II)方向 相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完 成充电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让正向辅助开关器件 (SW3)在第二主功率开关器件(SW2) 关断的时刻 (T3)之后, 第一主功 率开关器件( SW1 )开通的时刻( T4 )之前开通,在第一主功率开关器件( SW1 ) 开通的时刻 (T4) 关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II)方 向相反的补偿电流(13 ), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4] 内完成充电和放电过程。
7. 如权利要求 2所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周,即主功率滤波电流( II )为正向时,让正向辅助开关器件( SW4 ) 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时刻 (T1)之后开通, 在第二主功率 开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主 功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第 一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让负向辅助开关器件
(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件(SW2) 关断的时刻 (T3)之后开通, 在第 一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成 一个与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成充电和放电过程。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II )反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II )为正向时, 让现有 ARCP软开关电 路的负向辅助开关器件(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件关断的时刻 (T3)之 后, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前开通, 并在第一 主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时刻 (T5)之前关 断, 还让所述正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关 断的时刻 (T1)到第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之间即第 一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内开通, 并在第二主功率开关器件(SW2) 关断的时刻 (T3)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反 的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充 电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让现有 ARCP软开关 电路的正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时 刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 并在第二主功率开关器件( SW2 )开通的时刻 ( T2 )之后, 关断的时刻( T3 ) 之前关断,还让所述负向辅助开关器件 ( SW3 )在第二主功率开关器件 ( SW2 ) 关断的时刻 (T3)到第一主功率开关器件开通的时刻 (T4)之间即第二死区 时间 [T3, T4]内开通, 并在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时刻 (T5) 之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II )方向相反的补偿电 流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成充电和放电 过程。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II )为正向时, 让现有 ARCP软开关电 路的负向辅助开关器件(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件关断的时刻 (T3)之 后, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前开通, 并在第一 主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时刻 (T5)之前关 断, 还让所述正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关 断的时刻 (T1)开通, 在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2) 关 断,在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II )方向相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充电和放电过程; 在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让现有 ARCP软开关 电路的正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时 刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 并在第二主功率开关器件( SW2 )开通的时刻 ( T2 )之后, 关断的时刻( T3 ) 之前关断,还让所述负向辅助开关器件 ( SW3 )在第二主功率开关器件 ( SW2 ) 关断的时刻 (T3)开通, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4) 关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II) 方向相反的补偿电流
(13) , 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成充电和放电过 程。
10. 如权利要求 8所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II )为正向时, 让现有 ARCP软开关电 路的负向辅助开关器件(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件关断的时刻 (T3)之 后, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前开通, 并在第一 主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时刻 (T5)之前关 断, 还让所述正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关 断的时刻 (T1)开通, 在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之 前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流( II )方向相反的补偿电流
(14) , 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充电和放电过 程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让现有 ARCP软开关 电路的正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时 刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 并在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之后, 关断的时刻(T3) 之前关断,还让所述负向辅助开关器件 ( SW3 )在第二主功率开关器件 ( SW2 ) 关断的时刻 (T3)开通, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4) 之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II )方向相反的补偿电 流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成充电和放电 过程。
11. 如权利要求 8所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II)反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II )为正向时, 让现有 ARCP软开关电 路的负向辅助开关器件(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件关断的时刻 (T3)之 后, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前开通, 并在第一 主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时刻 (T5)之前关 断, 还让所述正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关 断的时刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前 开通, 在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之后, 关断的时刻 (T3)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反 的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充 电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让现有 ARCP软开关 电路的正向辅助开关器件( SW4 )在第一主功率开关器件( SW1 ) 关断的时 刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 并在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之后, 关断的时刻(T3) 之前关断,还让所述负向辅助开关器件 ( SW3 )在第二主功率开关器件 ( SW2 ) 关断的时刻 (T3)之后, 第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之 前开通, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时 刻 (T5)之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II) 方向相 反的补偿电流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成 充电和放电过程。
12. 如权利要求 8所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II )反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下: 在正半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II )为正向时, 让现有 ARCP软开关电 路的负向辅助开关器件(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件关断的时刻 (T3)之 后, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前开通, 并在第一 主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时刻 (T5)之前关 断, 还让所述正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关 断的时刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前 开通, 在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2) 关断, 在谐振支路 上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(14), 使谐振电容 (Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充电和放电过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让现有 ARCP软开关 电路的正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时 刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 并在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之后, 关断的时刻(T3) 之前关断,还让所述负向辅助开关器件 ( SW3 )在第二主功率开关器件 ( SW2 ) 关断的时刻 (T3)之后, 第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之 前开通, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4) 关断, 在谐振支 路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II)方向相反的补偿电流(13), 使谐振电 容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成充电和放电过程。
13. 如权利要求 8所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述在谐振支路上形成与主功率滤波电流(II )反方向的补偿电流(13、 14) 的步骤如下:
在正半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II )为正向时, 让现有 ARCP软开关电 路的负向辅助开关器件(SW3)在第二主功率开关器件关断的时刻 (T3)之 后, 在第一主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之前开通, 并在第一 主功率开关器件(SW1)开通的时刻 (T4)之后, 关断的时刻 (T5)之前关 断, 还让所述正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关 断的时刻 (T1 )之后开通, 在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2) 之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II )方向相反的补偿电 流(14), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第一死区时间 [Tl, T2]内完成充电和放电 过程;
在负半周, 即主功率滤波电流(II)为负向时, 还让现有 ARCP软开关 电路的正向辅助开关器件(SW4)在第一主功率开关器件(SW1) 关断的时 刻 (T1)之后, 第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之前开通, 并在第二主功率开关器件(SW2)开通的时刻 (T2)之后, 关断的时刻(T3) 之前关断,还让所述负向辅助开关器件 ( SW3 )在第二主功率开关器件 ( SW2 ) 关断的时刻 ( T3 )之后开通,在第一主功率开关器件 ( SW1 )开通的时刻 ( T4 ) 之前关断, 在谐振支路上形成一个与主功率滤波电流(II )方向相反的补偿电 流(13), 使谐振电容(Cl、 C2)在第二死区时间 [T3, T4]内完成充电和放电 过程。
14. 如权利要求 1~ 13任一所述的开关电源中软开关电路的控制方法, 其特征是: 所述的主功率开关器件和辅助开关器件有至少一个是 IGBT、 MOSFET、 GTO或 SCR。
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