WO2009025660A1 - Procédé pour obtenir une pièce de métal en poudre cémenté forgée - Google Patents

Procédé pour obtenir une pièce de métal en poudre cémenté forgée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009025660A1
WO2009025660A1 PCT/US2007/076174 US2007076174W WO2009025660A1 WO 2009025660 A1 WO2009025660 A1 WO 2009025660A1 US 2007076174 W US2007076174 W US 2007076174W WO 2009025660 A1 WO2009025660 A1 WO 2009025660A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
preform
forging
carburized
case depth
forged
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/076174
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Timothy E. Geiman
Original Assignee
Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc filed Critical Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc
Priority to CN200780101184.9A priority Critical patent/CN101827675B/zh
Priority to DE112007003626T priority patent/DE112007003626T5/de
Priority to PCT/US2007/076174 priority patent/WO2009025660A1/fr
Priority to JP2010521825A priority patent/JP2010537048A/ja
Publication of WO2009025660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009025660A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a forged powder metal part and more particularly to a selectively non-carburized powder metal part, including a method.
  • a typical differential side gear may have any or all of the following performance requirements such as: the spline area requiring dimensional precision, high shear strength and brinnelling resistance; the hub and thrust faces requiring dimensional precision, surface finish and case compatibility; the gear geometry requiring dimensional precision, surface finish and optimised profile; and the tooth and core strength may require impact resistance, wear resistance, spalling resistance, and different surface and core metallurgies.
  • Different non-compatible manufacturing processes i.e. casting, steel forging or powder metal forging, obtain different performance requirements for the same part, advantageously or otherwise.
  • a gear 10 is made by forging a powder metal 14 and then case carburizing the gear to achieve a nearly constant effective case depth 16.
  • the constant effective case depth 16 for each gear tooth 12 is shown in the partial cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
  • the parameters to be controlled to achieve nearly constant carburization of a fully dense part of specific hardness, case depth and carbon gradient are generally known.
  • a nearly constant case depth does not necessarily achieve desired mechanical or machining properties desired in a post forged product. It would be advantageous to achieve a better-controlled balance of these performance requirements in the final product, uncompromised by the manufacturing process thereby saving time, processing or cost.
  • Carburized Forged Powder Metal Parts discloses a process requiring additional steps of masking a part before sintering and removal of the masking after carburizing and before forging to obtain selected carburized surfaces on the part.
  • a gear and a manufacturing method for removal of a carburized surface of a part prior to forging leaving a select carburized surface having improved performance features and a select non-carburized surface having improved post forging properties for improved tolerance and classification is provided.
  • a method for obtaining a selectively non-carburized powder metal part includes compacting, sintering, removing, forging and cooling.
  • a metal powder is compacted to form a preform having at least one first surface portion in which a forged part is required to have a case hardness depth and at least one second surface portion in which a carburized portion is required to be removed prior to forging.
  • the preform is then sintered and carburized. After carburizing the at least one second surface portion of the preform is removed and subsequently forged and cooled.
  • the forged part has at least one second surface portion having improved shear resistance properties and at least one first surface having surface hardness properties.
  • a part made from the present method is also provided.
  • the part includes a noncarburized portion in which post forging operation may be accomplished with less machining expense or time, while providing for improved tolerancing or dimensional control due to the nature of the softer noncarburized material portion.
  • the part also includes a carburized portion having the beneficial attributes such as improved wear resistance, load bearing, impact resistance or bending fatigue resultantly obtained by the near net-shaped finished sint-carb forging manufacturing process.
  • Figure 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a case carburized gear.
  • Figure 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a differential side gear having a variable case depth profile used to advantage in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows the microstructure below the effective case depth of the gear shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 shows the microstructure within the effective case depth of the gear shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 shows an isometric view of a preform after sintering representative of the inventive aspects of the invention required to obtain the inventive product after forging.
  • Figure 6A shows a partial cross-sectional view of the representative preform of Figure 5 after carburization.
  • Figure 6B shows a partial cross-sectional view of a carburized portion to be removed from the preform of Figure 6A by a removing process prior to forging.
  • Figure 7 shows an isometric view of the differential side gear made from the preform of Figure 6B in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic layout of the process to obtain a variable case depth powder metal gear in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic layout of an embodiment of a process according to the invention to obtain a forged carburized powder metal part.
  • Figure 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a differential side gear 50 having a variable case depth profile 58 in accordance with an advantage of the invention.
  • Figure 7 shows an isometric view of the differential side gear 50 made from the preform 184 of Figure 6B in accordance with the invention.
  • the differential side gear 50 includes plurality of teeth 52 and a variable case depth profile 58 formed in a carburized portion of the gear 50.
  • Each tooth of the plurality of teeth 52 has a first surface 54 and a tooth core or root 56.
  • the differential side gear 50 has a rotational axis 60, wherein the teeth 52 extend radially in the same general direction as the rotational axis of the gear, but are inclined with respect to the rotational axis.
  • the differential side gear 50 further includes an axially splined internal section 62 axially aligned with the rotational axis 60.
  • the splined internal section 62 is formed in a noncarburized portion of the gear 50 that was selectively obtained by removing a carburized portion of a preform prior to forging as is discussed herein.
  • variable case depth profile 58 is formed in the plurality of teeth 52.
  • variable case depth profile 58 advantageously provides a gear having greater tooth wear resistance on the first surface 54 and greater impact resistance in the tooth root 56.
  • the variable case depth profile 58 is representative of the effective case depth profile achieved after forging, by carbon diffusion prior to forging the gear.
  • the variable case depth profile 58 resultantly achievable by the forging process is discussed herein.
  • variable case depth profile 58 may be achieved on other parts or gears, including bevel, differential or pinion gears, without limitation.
  • the differential side gear 50 may be made from a low alloy, fully compacted, ferrous powder metal material. However, it is anticipated that the gear may be made of various other types of forged powder metal steels.
  • the first surface 54 of each tooth of the differential side gear 50 includes a tip surface 64, a pitch line surface 66, a root fillet surface 68 and a rootdiameter or land surface 70.
  • the variable case depth profile 58 is substantially represented by effective case depth of: 2.4 mm at the tip surface 64; 1.9 mm at the pitch line surface 66; 0.4 mm at the root fillet surface 68; and 0.8 mm at the root land surface 70. This results from the carbon diffusion and subsequent forging of a preform. While specific numbers are presented in the present embodiment, it is recognized that the variable case depth may have any non-constant effective case depth profile over a particular surface cross-section and is not limited to the specific profile here presented.
  • the variable case depth profile 58 may also be represented by a case depth ratio.
  • the effective case depth ratio is given by comparing case depths measured at the tip surface 64 to the root fillet surface 68, the pitch line surface 66 to the root fillet surface 68, or the root land surface 70 to the root fillet surface 68.
  • the variable case depth ratio for the tip surface 64 to the root fillet surface 68 is 6:1
  • the pitch line surface 66 to the root fillet surface 68 is 19:4
  • the root land surface 70 to the root fillet surface 68 is 2:1.
  • a case depth ratio of nearly 1:1 is considered to be within the effective range of a constant case depth 16 of the gear 10 shown in Figure 1.
  • the case depth ratio may be 6:1 over the variable case depth profile 58 from the greatest depth to the shallower depth of effective case hardness, thereby achieving greater mechanical properties such as tooth wear and impact resistance.
  • the tooth root 56 of the gear 50 may include a mid-tooth section 74 having hardness of about 43 HRC, a root section 76 having hardness of about 31 HRC and a core section 78 having hardness of about 32 HRC. While these hardness numbers are only representative of a gear having improved mechanical properties, a core hardness ratio is obtained between the mid-tooth section 74 and the root or core sections 76, 78 of nearly 4 to 3. A higher core hardness ratio is representative of a gear having greater tooth impact resistance, i.e. ductility. Whereas a gear, like the one represented in Figure 1, would have nearly a 1 to 1 core hardness ratio and thus, less ductility.
  • Figure 3 shows the microstructure below the effective case depth of the gear shown in Figure 2
  • Figure 4 shows the microstructure within the effective case depth of the gear shown in Figure 2.
  • the depth boundary is the point where the effective carbon content of the material becomes nearly constant and may be effectively represented by the variable case depth profile 58.
  • FIG. 8 a process is shown in Figure 8. The process begins with the steps of mixing 20 and continues with some of the possible steps of filling 22, compacting 24, sintering 26, carburizing 28, preheating 30, variable forging 32, and cooling 34. Post forging operations 36 may also be used to further enhance the gear.
  • Post forging operations 36 may also be used to further enhance the gear.
  • material selection, temperature processing and compaction pressures are discussed only briefly.
  • the mixing step 20 readies the metal powder, including any needed binders or lubricants, by mixing until a nearly uniform mixture is achieved ready for filling into a compacting form during the filling step 22.
  • the compacting step 24 comprises compacting a metal powder into a preform having a nearly uniform initial carbon content throughout the preform.
  • the initial carbon content is achieved by mixing of the metal powder with constituent amounts of graphite together with necessa ⁇ A binders or lubricants to make the preform.
  • the preform includes at least one cross-sectional surface in which the final forged part resultantly obtains a variable case depth profile, as discussed herein.
  • the sintering and carburizing steps 26, 28 may be accomplished simultaneously or the carburizing step may be completed after sintering of the preform.
  • Sintering the preform binds the metal powder.
  • Carburizing the preform substantially increases the initial carbon content in developing a carbon gradient from the surface of the preform into the core.
  • the carbon gradient is produced by providing a controlled carbon atmosphere and maintaining the preform in the controlled atmosphere for a predetermined period of time. It is necessary to obtain a substantially constant carbon case depth in the preform in order to enhance critical flow of metal during forging for achieving the desired variable case depth profile in the post forged part.
  • density gradient, part geometry and carburizing conditions dictate the uniformity of the carburizing process.
  • the case depth of carbon necessary in the preform is determined by the preform geometry and the desired areas of critical metal flow during forging.
  • the preform is carburized to a case depth of 1/4 the tooth height, but may also be satisfied by carburizing to a case depth of 1/20 the tooth height or to 7/8 the tooth height. It is anticipated that too little case depth in the preform may result in non-carburized areas. It is also anticipated that too much case depth in the preform may result in a nearly constant case depth profile.
  • Figure 6A shows a partial cross- sectional view of the carburized preform 85 of the representative preform 84 of Figure 5 after carburization process.
  • the preform 85 has substantially constant carbon case depth 86 achieved after sintering and carburizing the preform.
  • the variable forging step 32 comprises forging the carburized preform at a forge temperature and a forge pressure to obtain a substantially dense, net shape, part.
  • the variable case depth profile for the gear results in nearly symmetrical profiles for each tooth because of the symmetrical nature of the forging dies and the carburized preform.
  • different carburization schemes and forging steps may be used to obtain multiple variable case depth profiles.
  • variable case depth profile is achieved by utilizing a die set of the forge to variably enhance critical flow of the carburized metal portion during the forging process.
  • the constant case depth of the carburized powder metal preform is strategically compressed into the die sections, wherein portions of the preform are stretched and thinned during forging and other portions of the preform are thickened and deepened with the carburized powder metal. Again, case depth that is too shallow or too deep in the carburized powder metal preform prior to forging will not produce the variable case depth profile in the final product.
  • the cooling step 34 allows the forged part to obtain a particular metallurgy resulting in a gear having the desired variable case depth profile. Cooling of the forged part may be by quenching in oil, water, air or by other methods suitable to the powder metal forging process.
  • Prior to cooling, including a dwelling step of the forged part for a dwell period may allow for enhanced properties by allowing temperature stabilization of the material of the part.
  • the optional preheating step of the preform to a pre-forge temperature prior to forging may enhance the desired metal flow during the forging process.
  • Optional post forging operations step 36 may include, turning, facing, surface grinding, splining, and broaching of the product depending upon final specification requirements, thereby being ready for washing, packing, or shipping.
  • FIG. 9 an embodiment of a process is shown in Figure 9.
  • the process begins with the steps of mixing 120 and continues with the steps of filling 122, compacting 124, sintering 126, carburizing 128, removing 130, forging 132, and again ending with cooling 134.
  • Post forging operations 136 may also be used to further enhance the gear.
  • Compatible processing steps mentioned above in regards to the process shown in Figure 8 that are also compatible to the current method of Figure 9 may also be used to further enhance the powder metal part. For brevity, and because some of these process steps are well known to those in the art of forging powder metals, only certain aspects of the invention are primarily discussed below.
  • Figure 6B shows a partial cross-sectional view of a carburized portion 188 to be removed from the preform 85 of Figure 6A by a removing process prior to forging.
  • Figure 6A shows a partial cross-sectional view of the representative preform 84 of Figure 5 after carburization.
  • the preform 184 includes at least one first surface 185, a case depth 186, at least one second surface 187, and a carburized portion 188.
  • the carburized portion 188 is selectively chosen to be removed from the preform prior to forging.
  • a selectively non-carburized powder metal part requires a compacting step of a metal powder into a preform.
  • the simultaneous or subsequent steps of sintering and carburizing, or sintering and then carburizing the preform to obtain preform 184 may be accomplished with the sintering and carburizing processes mentioned above.
  • a typical sintering temperature for steel metal powder is from about 2000.degree. F to 2100.degree. F while the initial carbon content of the preform may be less than 0.22% by weight.
  • a final carbon content in the at least one first surface may be in the range of 0.22% to 0.37% by weight.
  • the step of removing the carburized portion on the at least one second surface of the preform is performed prior to forging.
  • Removing at least one carburized portion advantageously results in a forged part having a carburized portion on at least one first surface with its beneficial case hardness while at the same time providing at least one second surface in which the material is not case hardened.
  • the removing step allows for the strategic removal of the carburized portion 188 of the second surface 187 from the sintered preform prior to forging.
  • the removal process may be done with known methods, such as punching, machining, or grinding, for example.
  • One advantage to removing the carburized portion is that it avoids the need for complex and complicated masking and unmasking operations to control the diffusion of carbon during the sint-carb processes.
  • Another added advantage to removing the carburized portion in the sintered preform during its relatively soft state is improved tool life thereby obtaining higher performance characteristic for items such as spline classification.
  • typically the splining operation is completed when the part is considered to be in its hard state after forging causing unnecessary tool wear and reduced spline tolerance or performance.
  • the forging and cooling steps are then completed to obtain the part having at least one second surface having shear resistance properties and at least one first surface having surface hardness properties.
  • Forging and cooling may be done in accordance with accepted methods known to those in the art of powder metal forging, typically being at a temperature for steel powder metal being from about l ⁇ OO.degree.F to 18OO.degree.F. It is also desirable to obtain a substantially fully dense part having at least 99.6% of theoretical density by applying a forging pressure typically ranging between 50 and 70 tons per inch.
  • variable forging step may also advantageously utilize the variable forging step as given in the process of Figure 8.
  • a variable case depth profile may be achieved in the final part during forging of the carburized portion of the at least one first surface of the preform after the removing step.
  • the part is a gear made in accordance with this invention, then it may have the variable case depth profile as represented in Figure 2, while simultaneously having the preferable soft internal diameter required for greater spline class and shear strength.
  • the part made in accordance with the inventive process of Figure 9 may include any part having required hard and soft surfaces. Specifically, the inventive process of Figure 9 is particularly advantageous for a toothed gear.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour obtenir une pièce de métal en poudre non cémenté sélectivement. Les étapes comprennent un compactage, un frittage, un enlèvement, un forgeage et un refroidissement. Une poudre de métal est compactée pour former une préforme ayant au moins une première surface dans laquelle une partie forgée doit avoir une profondeur de cémentation et au moins une seconde surface dans laquelle une partie cémentée doit être enlevée avant forgeage. La préforme est ensuite frittée et cémentée. Après cémentation, la ou les secondes surfaces de la préforme sont enlevées et ensuite forgées et refroidies. La partie forgée a au moins une seconde surface ayant des propriétés de post-forgeage améliorées, et au moins une première surface ayant des caractéristiques de performance améliorées. Une pièce réalisée à partir du présent procédé est également fournie.
PCT/US2007/076174 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Procédé pour obtenir une pièce de métal en poudre cémenté forgée WO2009025660A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200780101184.9A CN101827675B (zh) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 用于获得锻造渗碳粉末金属部件的方法
DE112007003626T DE112007003626T5 (de) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Verfahren zum Erhalten eines geschmiedeten, aufgekohlten Pulvermetallteils
PCT/US2007/076174 WO2009025660A1 (fr) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Procédé pour obtenir une pièce de métal en poudre cémenté forgée
JP2010521825A JP2010537048A (ja) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 鍛造浸炭金属粉末部品の製造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/076174 WO2009025660A1 (fr) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Procédé pour obtenir une pièce de métal en poudre cémenté forgée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009025660A1 true WO2009025660A1 (fr) 2009-02-26

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PCT/US2007/076174 WO2009025660A1 (fr) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Procédé pour obtenir une pièce de métal en poudre cémenté forgée

Country Status (4)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2010537048A (fr)
CN (1) CN101827675B (fr)
DE (1) DE112007003626T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009025660A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012027761A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh Roue dentée frittée

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8517884B2 (en) * 2006-03-24 2013-08-27 Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc Powder forged differential gear
DE102011075366A1 (de) * 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hartmetallwerkstücks
CN109366107A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-22 合肥常青机械股份有限公司 一种中空薄壁件成型质量控制方法
JP2022535655A (ja) * 2019-04-12 2022-08-10 ジーケーエヌ シンター メタルズ、エル・エル・シー 可変拡散浸炭法

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DE1170149B (de) * 1959-02-11 1964-05-14 Heinz Schmalz Dr Ing Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Waelzlagerlaufringen aus Sinterstahl
US3992763A (en) * 1974-09-13 1976-11-23 Federal-Mogul Corporation Method of making powdered metal parts
US4165243A (en) * 1978-05-31 1979-08-21 Federal-Mogul Corporation Method of making selectively carburized forged powder metal parts
GB2035197A (en) * 1978-11-02 1980-06-18 Toyo Boseki Process for the production of semipermeable hollow fiber membranes
WO2003095128A1 (fr) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-20 Ass Ag Roue conique
US20040219051A1 (en) * 2003-03-18 2004-11-04 Nagesh Sonti Method and apparatus for strengthening of powder metal gears by ausforming

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US4002471A (en) 1973-09-24 1977-01-11 Federal-Mogul Corporation Method of making a through-hardened scale-free forged powdered metal article without heat treatment after forging
US4070920A (en) * 1976-12-09 1978-01-31 The Horsburgh And Scott Company Composite gear having carburized teeth and method of making same
JPS6082656A (ja) * 1983-10-12 1985-05-10 Toyota Motor Corp 制振歯車の製造方法
JPH05295406A (ja) * 1992-04-20 1993-11-09 Kawasaki Steel Corp 鉄系焼結鍛造材料の製造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1170149B (de) * 1959-02-11 1964-05-14 Heinz Schmalz Dr Ing Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Waelzlagerlaufringen aus Sinterstahl
US3992763A (en) * 1974-09-13 1976-11-23 Federal-Mogul Corporation Method of making powdered metal parts
US4165243A (en) * 1978-05-31 1979-08-21 Federal-Mogul Corporation Method of making selectively carburized forged powder metal parts
GB2035197A (en) * 1978-11-02 1980-06-18 Toyo Boseki Process for the production of semipermeable hollow fiber membranes
WO2003095128A1 (fr) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-20 Ass Ag Roue conique
US20040219051A1 (en) * 2003-03-18 2004-11-04 Nagesh Sonti Method and apparatus for strengthening of powder metal gears by ausforming

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012027761A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh Roue dentée frittée
CN102834209A (zh) * 2010-08-31 2012-12-19 米巴辛特奥地利股份有限公司 烧结的齿轮
US8984981B2 (en) 2010-08-31 2015-03-24 Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh Sintered gearwheel
CN102834209B (zh) * 2010-08-31 2015-05-06 米巴辛特奥地利股份有限公司 烧结的齿轮

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101827675A (zh) 2010-09-08
DE112007003626T5 (de) 2010-06-24
JP2010537048A (ja) 2010-12-02
CN101827675B (zh) 2014-11-12

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