WO2009019227A2 - Wound care article having superabsorbent polymers in fiber and/or thread form - Google Patents
Wound care article having superabsorbent polymers in fiber and/or thread form Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009019227A2 WO2009019227A2 PCT/EP2008/060169 EP2008060169W WO2009019227A2 WO 2009019227 A2 WO2009019227 A2 WO 2009019227A2 EP 2008060169 W EP2008060169 W EP 2008060169W WO 2009019227 A2 WO2009019227 A2 WO 2009019227A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wound
- care article
- wound care
- fibers
- superabsorbent polymers
- Prior art date
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- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006462 rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013514 silicone foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RZFBEFUNINJXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium ethyl xanthate Chemical compound [Na+].CCOC([S-])=S RZFBEFUNINJXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
-
- A61F13/01008—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
- A61F13/15617—Making absorbent pads from fibres or pulverulent material with or without treatment of the fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/06—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads specially adapted for feet or legs; Corn-pads; Corn-rings
- A61F13/064—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads specially adapted for feet or legs; Corn-pads; Corn-rings for feet
- A61F13/069—Decubitus ulcer bandages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00089—Wound bandages
- A61F2013/00119—Wound bandages elastic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00361—Plasters
- A61F2013/00365—Plasters use
- A61F2013/00463—Plasters use haemostatic
- A61F2013/00472—Plasters use haemostatic with chemical means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00361—Plasters
- A61F2013/00727—Plasters means for wound humidity control
- A61F2013/00731—Plasters means for wound humidity control with absorbing pads
- A61F2013/0074—Plasters means for wound humidity control with absorbing pads containing foams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00361—Plasters
- A61F2013/00727—Plasters means for wound humidity control
- A61F2013/00748—Plasters means for wound humidity control with hydrocolloids or superabsorbers
Definitions
- Wound care articles comprising superabsorbent polymers in fiber and / or yarn form
- the invention relates to a wound care article according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a wound care article is particularly suitable for receiving exudate from chronic wounds, such as e.g. in diabetes, leg ulcers and similar diseases.
- exudate refers to a wound fluid derived from the blood plasma via the inflammatory processes of wound edema.
- the exudate serves in a similar way the supply of the wound bed and the healing processes running in it.
- it contains a wide range of components, resulting in a specific weight that is slightly above that of water. This is also different from the transudate, which is derived from non-inflammatory processes and has a significantly lower specific gravity with a low cell and protein content.
- exudate coordinates the various processes of wound healing both temporally and spatially through its high content of growth factors and cytokines.
- growth factors and cytokines are mainly formed by platelets, keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. They influence the motility, migration and proliferation of the various cells involved in wound healing.
- the infiltration of cells into the wound base is promoted as well as the supply of the newly formed granulation tissue by angiogenesis.
- the wound cleansing will supported by the exudate. It contains various serine, cysteine and aspartate proteases as well as matrix metalloproteases, which in their activity severely regulate irreversibly damaged tissue and thus prepare the wound bed for the subsequent phases of healing.
- Components of the physiological exudate are in particular salts, glucose, cytokines and growth factors, plasma proteins, proteases (in particular matrix metalloproteases), granulocytes and macrophages.
- the normally healing-promoting exudate loses its positive effect in chronic wounds.
- the content of inflammatory cytokines and proteases is significantly increased in pathological exudate.
- the content of growth factors is reduced.
- a particularly serious difference arises with regard to the activity of the matrix-metalloproteases zuvo addressed.
- they are also involved in the subsequent remodeling of the granulation to the scar tissue.
- These enzymes are normally formed as an inactive pre-enzyme and are regulated in their activation by appropriate inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases, TIMPs), which at the same time have a positive effect on cell growth.
- a wound care article of the type mentioned in the beginning serves, in particular, to absorb said chronic exudate and thus promote wound healing.
- particulate superabsorbent polymers in wound care articles has a number of disadvantages:
- these particles can not be brought close to the wound because they are not absorbable, so it is not excluded that particles get into the wound, remain there and lead to inflammation. For this reason, these particles must always be separated from the wound by a particle-tight sheath.
- the particles must always be arranged in a carrier matrix, e.g. in a mat of an airlaid.
- the proportion of superabsorbent materials in such a wound care article is thus always reduced by the proportion of the airlaid, which impairs the maximum absorption capacity.
- Particles can not direct or direct liquid flows. In this way, it may u.U. come to a Wundrandmazeration.
- Particles often have a high abrasiveness and can - at least in the dry state - cause an unpleasant feeling on the skin.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a wound care article which avoids the disadvantages mentioned.
- a wound care article comprising at least a portion of superabsorbent polymers, said superabsorbent polymers being in fiber and / or yarn form.
- superabsorbent polymers are plastics that are able to absorb many times their own weight - up to 1000 times - in liquids. Chemically, this is a copolymer of acrylic acid (propionic acid, C3H4O2) and sodium acrylate (sodium salt of acrylic acid, NaCsHsO 2 ), whereby the ratio of the two monomers can vary to one another.
- core crosslinker CXL
- CXL core-crosslinker
- Superabsorbent polymers are usually in the form of granules or powder, and are e.g. in this form for use in wound dressings from WO03094813, WO2007051599 and WO0152780 of the applicant of the present invention.
- the disclosure content of said documents is fully attached to the disclosure content of this document.
- the wound dressing described therein may preferably comprise a substantially flat material portion of absorbent material, e.g. consists of an absorbent fleece of said fibers with superabsorbent polymers dispersed therein. These are preferably present in the form of a granulate or a powder as described, but may also be in the form of a bed, a compact, a foam, in the form of fibers, a Fasergewirkes, -laid or fleece and / or a fiber wadding.
- absorbent material e.g. consists of an absorbent fleece of said fibers with superabsorbent polymers dispersed therein.
- These are preferably present in the form of a granulate or a powder as described, but may also be in the form of a bed, a compact, a foam, in the form of fibers, a Fasergewirkes, -laid or fleece and / or a fiber wadding.
- said fibers or yarns have a wicking effect.
- the liquid streams can direct.
- a wound edge maceration can be prevented.
- Unlike particulate superabsorbent polymers they can be made into nonwovens, fabrics or the like. In this way, for example, the shell of a Wound dressing can be made of these fibers or yarns, and the superabsorbent properties can be brought so much closer to the wound base.
- Said fibers or yarns can be made into a structure without the need for an adhesive or a welding process, as is required with particulate superabsorbent polymers. This has significant advantages in terms of product purity as well as pharmacology and potential allergenicity. viii) In contrast to particulate superabsorbent polymers, the dimensioning of said fibers or yarns can be controlled and controlled much more precisely, which on the one hand leads to the prevention of dusts which frequently arise when using particulate superabsorbent polymers, and, on the other hand, the product quality (Homogeneity and reproducibility) substantially increased, ix) Due to the lack of formation of dusts, it may be possible to dispense with the use of a separate shell, x).
- Said yarns or fibers may be air-laid in known from the prior art, the particulate superabsorbent Containing polymers that replace the carrier fibers of the airlaid, so as to increase the proportion of superabsorbent materials in a wound care article and thus the total absorption capacity -.
- Any two- or three-dimensional arrangement of the fibers or yarns is conceivable here.
- the fibers or yarns may be directional or non-directional (Wirr-Warr), in multiple layers or otherwise.
- Superabsorbent fibers of polyacrylates are e.g. marketed and sold by the company Technical Absorbents under the trade name "Oasis Super Absorbent Fiber.” Like all superabsorbent polyacrylates, they have a very high absorption capacity for liquids, for example in the form of a fleece, an airlaid, a fabric, a fabric Airlaids and / or a nonwoven are present Such fibers are known for example from DE 69807337
- the said fibers of superabsorbent material are, however, usually very brittle, since the polyacrylate material used has a high brittleness. For this reason, the fibers can not exceed a certain length and therefore can not be easily processed into a yarn.
- WO 106047 describes yarns comprising superabsorbent polymers. These yarns are based on a special production process in which the abovementioned superabsorbent fibers are mixed with supporting fibers of a stronger material and then spun into a yarn. Said supporting fibers are e.g. to fibers of polyester, polypropylene, nylon, cotton, viscose or similar material. The yarn thus produced can then be made into a woven, scrim, knit and / or knitted fabric. Likewise, the fibers can also be processed with elastic fibers, such as spandex.
- the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber form are present at least partially in the form of a wadding, a fleece, an airlaid and / or a nonwoven.
- fibers are used with average lengths of 5 - 50 mm.
- the preparation is carried out by known methods, such as carding or the Airlaid method.
- the superabsorbent fibers may be the sole constituent of the respective material.
- the wound care article additionally has a proportion of supporting fibers which ensure the integrity of the wound dressing even when moist, wherein said fibers are selected from the group comprising
- cellulose fibers a) cellulose fibers, b) viscose fibers, c) alginate fibers, and / or d) polyester, polyolefin, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol or polymaid fibers, or mixtures or copolymers thereof
- the fibers mentioned absorb only relatively little moisture and therefore retain their structural integrity for longer. So they form, so to speak, the "backbone" of the wound care article of the invention, so that this, when it has absorbed moisture, can be removed as a whole from the wound.
- a fabric in which e.g. the warp threads are made from superabsorbent yarns, while the weft threads are made from other yarns, e.g. containing supporting fibers according to the above list.
- a fabric has directional hydroactive properties, i. it absorbs fluid in one direction and passes it on.
- Viscose fibers are fibers that consist of the base material cellulose and are processed using a chemical finishing process. The cellulose is first mixed with sodium hydroxide solution, swells and forms sodium cellulose. These can be carbon disulphide (CS 2 ) act. This produces sodium xanthate (xanthate), which is soluble in aqueous, dilute NaOH solution and forms a viscous solution. Both before the reaction with CS 2 and after dissolving in sodium hydroxide solution, the soda-cellulose or the spun-viscose is given time for the respective chemical reactions.
- CS 2 carbon disulphide
- the dope has the appropriate viscosity and the appropriate degree of ripeness - reactivity with respect to the spinning bath - to be subsequently spun can.
- a sulfuric acid spinning bath which additionally contains sodium sulphate and a small amount of zinc sulphate, almost to the saturation limit, for retarding the cellulose precipitation reaction.
- Viskosepinnmasse is pressed by gear pumps through the spinnerets.
- the typical hole diameter of a single hole of the spinnerets is about 50 microns.
- the fiber thus obtained differs from classical cellulose fibers by a very smooth surface, which prevents any adhesion to the wound, as well as a higher tear resistance. Viscose is available under the trade name Rayon
- Alginates are obtained from the brown algae and can be processed in fiber form into a nonwoven or woven fabric. Chemically, it is polysaccharides, namely calcium and / or Natrimsalze the alginic acids. Alginates can absorb up to 20 times their own weight of liquid, whereby the wound exudate is stored in the cavities. The Ca 2+ ions contained in the alginate lattice are exchanged with the Na + ions from the exudate until the degree of saturation of Na ions in the alginate is reached. Swelling of the wound dressing and transformation of the alginate fiber into a gel body by swelling of the fibers occur.
- the wound care article contains, in addition to said yarns or fibers, at least one further constituent selected from the group comprising
- hydroactive polymers a) hydroactive polymers, and / or b) particulate superabsorbent polymers
- hydroactive polymers is understood in the following to mean polymers which have moisture-binding properties.
- Modified starch as well as cellulose and cellulose ethers, e.g.
- the hydroactive polymers mentioned take up aqueous wound exudates and likewise form a moist surface. Possibly. assume a gelatinous form.
- the moist surface or the gel form contributes to the tendency of the wound care article to become sore so that it can be detached atraumatic and painless after use. Due to the gel form, the wound care article has a cooling and thus jelly-reducing effect.
- the gel form allows the formation of a wound healing moisturizing climate.
- the hydroactive polymers are particularly preferably in the form of fibers.
- These fibers may be of the type that retain their structural integrity upon absorption of water or exudate, or may be of the type that lose their fibrous shape upon absorption of exudate and become a structureless gel or solution. The latter applies especially to fibers of methylcellulose and their derivatives.
- the absorption properties of the superabsorbent yarns or fibers and the hydroactive polymers used differ.
- a wound care article having a high-absorbency core and a low-absorbency shell. This configuration ensures a wound care article that always has a dry surface.
- Mineral ion exchangers such as zeolites, bentonites or montmarylinites, may also be part of the wound care article, in particular its mat.
- Zeolites can u. a. Absorb pollutants, such as heavy metals.
- the wound exudate absorbing body comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of a mat, in particular an airlaid of said yarns or fibers of superabsorbent polymers with incorporated superabsorbent polymers, and / or a loose filling of superabsorbent polymers.
- Said Airlaid mat may preferably have a substantially flat material portion of absorbent material, the z. B. consists of an absorbent fleece of said fibers with superabsorbent polymers distributed therein.
- This wound exudate absorbent body with the exception that fibers or yarns of superabsorbent polymers are used here instead of cellulose fibers, correspond to the absorbent pad contained in a wound dressing of the applicant of the present invention, as described, for example, in WO03094813, WO2007051599 and WOO 152780 and sold under the trade name "sorbion sachet.”
- the disclosure content of said documents is fully incorporated in the disclosure of this document.
- the wound-absorbent body can likewise form a core which-optionally flake-like-has fibers or yarns of superabsorbent polymers and superabsorbent polymers in granular form, the granules being adhesively bonded or welded to the fibers or yarns at several heights , and the granules are distributed over more than 50% of the total height of at least a portion of the core, wherein there are mixed areas of granules and fibers.
- the proportion by weight of the superabsorbent polymers may preferably be in the range between 10 and 25% by weight. Similar constructions are known from conventional incontinence materials and known as sanitary napkins for their cushioning properties.
- Around said core may be disposed a sheath which is overlapped in areas and which may be e.g. an adhesive seam is covered or part of the same.
- a section of a hydrophobic and / or water-repellent or water-impermeable material may be provided inside the sheath, which acts as a soaking or protecting agent.
- the wound exudate absorbent body may also include at least one flat layer comprising fibers or yarns of superabsorbent polymers to which superabsorbent polymers in granule form are adhered.
- a structure of the body having at least three layers, wherein two cover layers surrounding a layer having superabsorbent polymers.
- the possibly provided multiple layers may also be physically compacted together by rolling, pressing, calendering or similar processes.
- the body may have repetitive patterns or grains, such as a checked pattern, a punching pattern, or the like.
- the said wound exudate absorbing body may also have an envelope of a permeable material, if necessary; This may have different connections or seams in their edge regions, which are produced in particular by adhesions.
- connection area between the two sides of the sheath on at least one side of the wound exudate absorbing body - preferably in the longitudinal direction - is designed narrower than at least one other side, so that in the former case, unlike in the latter case a foldable supernatant results.
- Said casing may preferably consist of a polypropylene nonwoven having an area weight of 10 to 40 g / m 2 .
- the wound exudate absorbent body thus described is fixed to at least one inner side of the surrounding sheath, preferably by bonding.
- the superabsorbent polymers present in yarn form be present at least partially in the form of a woven fabric, a fabric, a knitted fabric and / or a knitted fabric.
- the individual yarns can also be welded together in the form of a grid.
- the superabsorbent yarns may e.g. act as a cover of a wound dressing.
- a dressing similar to a gauze bandage can be made.
- the superabsorbent yarns may be the sole constituent of the respective material, but they may also be used in combination with other fibers, e.g. with pulp, viscose, cotton and / or polyolefin fibers.
- a wound care article which is characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a flat mat and / or a flat wound dressing.
- a wound care article which is characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a three-dimensional absorption body.
- a wound care article which is characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of an envelope of a wound dressing.
- the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a foam.
- This foam may be e.g. a material selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic flexible foams, such as
- Polyurethane, polyamide or polyether foam, silicone foam and cellulose foam or natural sponge is.
- Natural sponges for example of the horn-pebble sponges (Demospongiae), have a capacity to absorb liquids, similar to technical foams. In addition, they have growth-inhibiting properties against microorganisms to protect against sedimentation of sessile organisms. These properties may also be useful in the context of wound care to prevent bacterial growth in the wound dressing and / or wound. Likewise, these sponges have growth-inhibiting properties against fungi and unicellulars. In addition, such sponges are able to absorb liquids and are therefore highly suitable for the absorption of exudates.
- Said natural sponge can in thin slices, the z. B. generated by thermal cutting, be placed on the wound.
- the flexible foam may optionally be configured in multiple layers, wherein the individual layers may preferably have thicknesses between 0.5 mm and 10 mm.
- the flexible foam may be open-celled and closed-celled. In particular, in the latter case can be provided that the material has punches and / or perforations, which accelerate the liquid inlet and passage in or through the flexible foam.
- the flexible foam can also be designed as integral foam.
- the superabsorbent fibers or yarns may be incorporated into the starting material prior to foaming the foam. Alternatively, they can also be pressed into the finished foam material by means of pressure.
- the absorption capacity of the wound care article according to the invention is further increased.
- the fibers or yarns may have a wicking effect. This is advantageous in that it ensures that the surface of the wound care article remains dry and absorbed exudate is rapidly forwarded inwards.
- the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form are applied to a carrier layer.
- the fibers in a jumble arrangement are optionally spread on both sides to a layer which has been previously coated with an adhesive material.
- an adhesive material This may be e.g. to trade paraffin or glycerin.
- a fabric having superabsorbent yarn may be applied to said layer.
- Several of these layers may e.g. be superimposed in a wound care article according to the invention.
- the superabsorbent constituents present in fibrous and / or yarn form are a bandage or a wrap which optionally has elastic properties.
- the fibers have been processed in the manner described above with elastic fibers to form a yarn.
- a wound care article according to the invention for the treatment of chronic wounds, acutely bleeding wounds and traumatically produced wounds is provided.
- a wound care article according to the invention for surgical or postoperative care or for military purposes is provided.
- kits for acute, emergency or military medical or chronic care comprising a wound care article according to the invention.
- a possibly provided casing consists at least partially of a hydrophobic material, for example of polypropylene or of a hydrophobically finished natural material, such as cotton.
- a hydrophobic material for example of polypropylene or of a hydrophobically finished natural material, such as cotton.
- the hydrophobic properties of the sheath prevent it from sticking to the wound surface and help the wound exudate to reach the inside of the sheath more quickly.
- the casing may also be made of another plastic, in particular a polyurethane or polyethylene film or of artificial spider silk film.
- the material of the sheath may be structured such that the sheath has a rough inner surface and a smooth outer surface.
- the rough inner surface of the sheath is formed by funnel-shaped perforations, each tapering towards the inner surface and terminating in a free opening edge ("projection") .
- This rough inner surface counteracts the displacements of the contents of the sheath such that it is adhered with adhesive dots
- the smooth outer surface of the sheath material may be formed by curved portions of material extending between the perforations, such sheath material may be referred to as "three-dimensional" as opposed to a bilaterally planar one, and is made of, for example: from the DE 102006017194 the applicant of the present application, the disclosure content of which is fully referenced here.
- the wound care article also has at least one nutritive active ingredient and / or active ingredient complex which has at least one disinfecting or decontaminating and / or at least one protease inhibiting action.
- the disinfectant active ingredient and / or active substance complex may be, for example, a composition of at least one vitamin or vitamin derivative, a metal ion and a detergent. It may also be an BLIS (bacteriocin like inhibitory substance) or coated magnetic particles.
- the nutritive active ingredient and / or active ingredient complex may be a composition containing at least the components of an enteral and / or parenteral dietetics. It may also be at least one active element selected from the group containing insulin, recombinant insulin, proinsulin, an insulin-like growth factor (IGF), an insulin mimetic and / or a diabetic-specific, non-glucose- or sucrose-based energy carrier ,
- the protease-inhibiting active substance and / or active substance complex may be at least one active element selected from the group comprising protease inhibitors, superabsorbent polymers, chelators for divalent cations, collagen, coated magnetic particles, acids, buffers, non-pathogenic acid-producing microorganisms, probiotics and / or symbiotics.
- DE 102007030931 Further relationships and background to the nutritive, a disinfecting or decontaminating and / or proteases inhibiting agents and / or active substance complexes are described in the DE 102007030931 the applicant of the present application, the contents of which reference is made here in their entirety. DE 102007030931 also describes further nutritive, disinfecting or decontaminating and / or protease-inhibiting active substances and / or active substance complexes which are likewise to be regarded as disclosed in this application.
- the wound care article may be added substances that can increase the osmotic pressure.
- the substances include z. B. Osmodiuretics, such as mannitol.
- Mineral ion exchangers such as zeolites, bentonites or montmarylinites, may also be part of the wound care article, in particular its mat.
- Zeolites can, inter alia, absorb pollutants, such as heavy metals. Moreover, they develop a hemostatic effect.
- the wound care article according to the invention can also be introduced into a wound care system for wound drainage using negative pressure.
- Such systems are disclosed, for example, in the publications DE202004017052, WO2006048246 and DE202004018245 by the applicant of the present invention, the disclosure content of which is considered to belong to the present invention.
- a device for wound treatment using negative pressure comprising a gastight wound covering element, which forms a space remaining between the respective wound and the wound covering element in the state applied to the body of the patient, and at least one connection point which coincides with the space in Contact is and over which the air in the room can be evacuated, wherein the wound covering element is underlaid by at least one area, the Wundsekrete receiving wound care article whose volume increases in the course of the absorption process, so that the absorbed wound secretions within the wound care article and thus below the wound covering element remain until removal of the wound care article from the body of the patient, the wound care article is at least one layer of a superabsorbent enriched textile section, which is surrounded by a liquid-permeable shell, and di e layer in plan view on its flat side has a surface that is 3% to 90% smaller than that of the shell, so that the wound care article can approach in the vicinity of its entire filling capacity in the cross section of a circular shape.
- a multi-component dressing for wound treatment of the human or animal body using negative pressure comprising: a wound covering element for attachment to the skin and mucosal surface, at least one connection point which is in contact with the wound space and over which the substances located in the wound space can be evacuated which comprises superabsorbent polymers, wherein the absorbed wound secretions remain bound to polymers in the wound space until they are removed from the wound space, the polymers, by virtue of their binding capacity, assisting mutual synergies with the subatmospheric pressures.
- a drainage device for wound treatment using negative pressure comprising a gas-tight, consisting of sheet-like material wound covering element, which in the applied to the body of the patient state on the Hautoberflä- is adhesively secured around the wound area and forms a sealed space remaining between the respective wound and the wound covering element, at least one drainage tube insertable into the space through which the substances in the space can be evacuated and at least one within the space At least one layer of a superabsorbent-enriched textile section surrounded by a liquid-permeable sheath, wherein the absorbed wound secretions within the wound care article and thus below the wound covering element until removal of the wound care article from the body of the wound Patients remain, and wherein the Wundabde- ckungselement has a gas-tight sealable treatment opening through which the wound care article can be inserted into the room and removed from the room.
- the wound care article of the invention may moreover have a shape adapted to anatomical conditions.
- he can e.g. be designed in the form of a cuff; which can be slipped over the one arm or a leg or a joint, or in the form of an adapted to the heel, the elbow joint or the like Association.
- the wound care article according to the invention may also be designed so that it is suitable for transfer around a surgically applied line.
- the wound care article may e.g. at least one slit, which makes it possible to transfer the bandage on the body of a patient by a conduit (eg a drainage line or a catheter), the wound care article is associated with a second, also planar wound care article, which is at a distance from the first wound care article, wherein the distance is bridged by a connecting strip or web.
- a wound care article is e.g. from the DE202006005966 the applicant of the present invention, the contents of which should be fully added to the disclosure of the present description.
- the wound care article has at least one agent which can restrict the bleeding or bleeding tendency.
- Said agent may be at least one chemically and / or physiologically acting active substance or active substance complex or at least one physically acting active element.
- a wound care article is known, for example, from DE 10 2007 030 931 of the applicant of the present application.
- the wound care article for example
- substantially flat material section comprising absorption material which is formed from an absorbent fleece with superabsorbent polymers distributed therein and at least one chemically and / or physiologically active agent or complex of active substances,
- Wound dressing arranged secondary wound dressing, which contains superabsorbent polymers, wherein if necessary a diffusion barrier is arranged between them,
- a bandage packet comprising a primary wound dressing with at least one chemically and / or physiologically acting active substance or active substance complex and a wound section arranged on the wound dressing, which has superabsorbent polymers at least in sections, and / or
- the material section having a longitudinal extent comprising absorbent material, the material section having elastically deformable properties, and wherein the material section has superabsorbent polymers and optionally at least one chemically and / or physiologically acting active substance or active substance complex
- the chemically and / or physiologically acting active ingredient or active substance complex is preferably at least one substance or a composition which has haemostatic properties. These substances are known under the generic term "hemostats”.
- the chemically and / or physiologically acting active ingredient or active substance complex is preferably at least one substance or a composition which has haemostatic properties. These substances are known under the generic term "hemostats”.
- the physically acting active element is, for example, a setting, a pressure pad, a compression bandage or a compression bandage. definitions
- wound care article is intended in particular to designate a wound dressing, preferably a flat wound dressing or a wound care cloth.
- Said wound dressing can be designed to be both absorbent and non-absorbent or only insubstantially absorbent.
- wound care article may also be understood as an ensemble of various products placed in a given arrangement on the wound to be treated. This ensemble can form a physical unit by the various products are combined in a common shell or - if necessary, without a shell - are adhesively bonded together.
- the ensemble may also be in the form of a kit in which the various products are placed on the wound to be treated by means of a coil in the given arrangement.
- the wound care article acts as a rinsing body.
- a physiological solution for example, 0.9% saline, Ringer's solution or the like
- Such a wound care article continuously releases liquid to the wound during use, rinses it, and absorbs exudate, cell debris, necrotic components, bacteria, debris, and the like.
- This type of toilet bowl is known under the brand name TenderWet.
- nonwoven refers to a textile fabric of individual fibers which, unlike woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and knitted fabrics, is not made of yarns Nonwovens tend to retain their structural integrity as a result of the adhesion of the individual fibers and are referred to as “nonwovens”. and eg made by swaging the fibers.
- airlaid refers to a special nonwoven fabric made of cellulose and polyolefins, in which superabsorbent polymers are embedded, if necessary.
- exudate refers to a wound fluid derived from the blood plasma via the inflammatory processes of wound edema.
- the exudate serves in a similar way the supply of the wound bed and the healing processes running in it.
- the transudate which is derived from non-inflammatory processes and has a significantly lower specific gravity with a low cell and protein content.
- exudate coordinates the various processes of wound healing both temporally and spatially through its high content of growth factors and cytokines. These are mainly formed by platelets, keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. They influence the motility, migration and proliferation of the various cells involved in wound healing. Thus, the infiltration of cells into the wound base is just as required as the supply of the newly formed granulation tissue by angiogenesis.
- the wound cleansing is also supported by the exudate. It contains various serine, cysteine and aspartate proteases as well as matrix metalloproteases, which in their activity strictly regulate irreversibly damaged tissue and thus prepare the wound bed for the subsequent phases of healing.
- Components of the physiological exudate are in particular salts, glucose, cytokines and growth factors, plasma proteins, proteases (in particular matrix metalloproteases), granulocytes and macrophages.
- active ingredient complex is to be understood below not only a complex in the chemical sense, but in particular a composition synergistically an effect-inducing agents.
- the term "physically acting active element” is to be understood in the following to mean an active element which is able to restrict the bleeding or tendency to bleed by physical means, ie by the exertion of pressure, tension, cold and the like.
- the term “ligature” is to be understood in the following an emergency medical measure, which is able to stop the arterial blood flow, for example, in a limb, so as to prevent an unacceptable loss of blood in a wound. Indications for such a ligation are usually traumatic effects that lead to injuries of at least one artery.
- chronic wounds should be understood to mean wounds that are not primarily due to traumatic effects. Although traumatic effects may have been the original cause of such a wound, the chronic wound is characterized mainly by delayed wound healing. Chronic wounds often show only slight bleeding, if at all, and often a strong exudation.
- tissue hemorrhage is to be understood as a bleeding that is not of arterial origin, but possibly of venous origin or of interstitial or capillary origin, and which in any case is so mild that it is not directly or indirectly life-threatening.
- acute bleeding wounds should be understood to mean those wounds that lead to large blood losses. As a rule, arterial haemorrhages are responsible for this, e.g. caused by traumatic effects. Acute bleeding wounds may u.U. be directly or life threatening. For this reason bleeding is a very high priority in acute bleeding wounds.
- compression bandage is to be understood in the following the known from emergency medicine pressure bandage, This consists of a not too hard, non-absorbent article (pressure pad) without sharp or hard edges, which is applied to an already covered wound and using a wrap is attached with a moderate draft. The pressure exerted reduces the circulation of the affected part of the body and the traumatically opened blood vessels are closed again.
- non-absorbent or only slightly absorbent wound dressing is intended to mean a wound dressing which has a low absorption capacity for liquids. Overall, the absorption capacity should be less than 60% by weight, preferably less than 20% by weight, of the dry weight of the wound dressing. Primary task of a Therefore, it is not the uptake of blood or exudates that is involved in the wound dressing, but the delivery of haemostatic agents in the context of the present invention.
- compression bandage as a rule is understood to mean a bandage which acts in a similar way to a compression bandage, but dispenses with the aforementioned pressure pad.
- the pressure or the compression on the wound is exerted exclusively by the winding.
- the wrapping material can be elastic.
- Alginates are extracted from brown algae and woven into a fibrous web. Chemically, they are polysaccharides, calcium and / or sodium salts of alginic acids. Alginates can absorb up to 20 times their own weight of liquid, while the wound exudate is stored in the cavities. The Ca 2+ ions contained in the alginate lattice are exchanged with the Na + ions from the exudate until the degree of saturation of Na ions in the alginate is reached. This leads to a swelling of the wound dressing and the conversion of the alginate fiber into a gel body by swelling of the fibers.
- Carboxymethylcellulose in particular is in the form of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and is commercially available under the name "Hydro Faser".
- the fibers are converted into a planar matrix.
- the fibers are gradually transformed into a gel pad that holds the liquid and does not release it again.
- the fibers are constructed so that the wound exudate is absorbed only in the vertical direction. This means that, as long as the capacity is sufficient, the exudate does not flow over the edge of the wound. In this way, wound edge maceration can be effectively prevented.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the wound care article, with a nonwoven absorbent body, in a schematic sectional view
- Figures 2a and 2b show a second embodiment of the wound care article, with a covered, tissue-like absorbent body, in a schematic sectional view;
- FIG. 3 shows a tissue section, in a perspective view
- FIG. 4 shows a tube-like wound care article, made of the fabric according to FIG. 3, in a perspective view;
- FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the wound care article, with a fleece-like absorbent body and a foam-like sheath, likewise in a schematic sectional representation
- Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the wound care article according to Fig.l, but with a sandwich-like absorbent nonwoven core and
- FIG. 7 shows a wound care article according to FIG. 2a, but with an additional liquid-impermeable insert.
- a wound care article 100 comprising a liquid-permeable cover 2 made of polypropylene film of a basis weight 25 g / m 2 .
- the shell 2 is in plan view rectangular on its flat side (see Fig. 2b) and includes an absorbent body 1 which completely surrounds. In a further, not shown embodiment, the shell 2 is circular.
- the shell 2 is composed of two congruent shell walls 2.1, 2.2, which are welded together at their periphery with an ultrasonic seam 16.
- the absorbent body 1 is in the form of a loose, airy nonwoven layer 11 consisting of superabsorbent short cut fibers (staple fibers). The properties of the high-absorbency short fibers are evident, for example, from the datasheet published by the manufacturer, Technical Absorbents, Grimsby, Great Britain.
- the short cut fibers of an average length of about 8 to 10 mm interlock with each other, thereby enabling the formation of the cotton-like nonwoven layer 11.
- the liquid-permeable cover 2 is fine-pored and allows penetration of the wound exudate into the absorbent body 1. This fine-pored structure also acts as a barrier to the individual short fibers.
- the product can be placed on the wound with both its "left" and "right” flat sides.
- FIG. 5 A similar wound care article (reference numeral 200) is shown in FIG. 5.
- the absorbent, cotton-like absorbent body 1 is surrounded by a foam-like sheath 12 whose sheath walls 12.1, 12.2 are likewise congruently connected to one another by means of the peripheral ultrasonic seam 16.
- superabsorbent powdery particles 15 are interspersed.
- the two forms of the superabsorbent material (powder or granules and short fibers) contribute to a significantly increased absorption capacity of the body 3.
- As a material for the shell 12 is fine-pored, therapeutically effective polyurethane foam provided.
- FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment (reference numeral 300) of the wound care article, in which an absorbent body 3 is present in a shape resembling the known airlaid mat.
- the sandwich-like body 3 consists of a nonwoven core 13 of superabsorbent short fibers and two cellulosic cover layers 14.1, 14.2.
- the body 3 surrounds the shell 2 already described.
- the nonwoven core 13 may also include other textile fibers, such as CMC fibers (not shown).
- the superabsorbent short fibers can be spun into a yarn made, for example, by said company Technical Absorbents, Grimsby. It is preferred to use the superabsorbent yarn of a diameter of 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm for the preparation of wound dressings. It should be noted that the increasing yarn diameter corresponds to the increasing absorption capacity.
- a use of yarns 10 is described in the following Figures 2a, 2b, 3, 4 and 7.
- a superabsorbent fabric 17 from yarns 10 of 0.5 mm in diameter, a superabsorbent fabric 17 (see Fig. 3) is made whose stitches are about 2 to 3 mm in size.
- the superabsorbent fabric 17 is adhesively bonded to a covering film 18 over the entire surface. A pointwise bonding is also possible.
- the fabric 17 with the cover sheet 18 laid thereon forms a wound care article 400 which, if applied to a wound, not shown, is preferably backed by a wound spacer grid.
- a fabric hose 19 is shown, which is made of the yarn 10 of an exemplary diameter of 0.3 mm.
- the fabric tube 19 has 2 to 3 mm meshes 21, which can increase accordingly when used on the wound, if the fabric tube 19 via a limb, z. B. lower leg of the patient is everted and expands.
- the superabsorbent fabric hose 19 can also fulfill a fixing function.
- the superabsorbent fabric tube 19 represents a wound care article 500 for extremities.
- an absorbent body 4 is accommodated inside the sheath 2, comprising the superabsorbent tissue 17 described in FIG. 3.
- the two components form a wound care article 600.
- the superabsorbent tissue 17 is shown in plan view on its flat side (cf. Fig. 2b) is also rectangular and has about 25% - smaller dimensions than that of the shell 2, so that the tissue can unfold unhindered during the absorption process.
- FIG. 7 shows a further superabsorbent wound care article 700, comprising the sheath 2 according to FIG. 1, an absorbent body 4 (tissue 17) according to FIGS. 2 a and 2 b and one between the tissue 17 and the wound dressing.
- the film section 22 fulfills the laundry protection function here.
Abstract
The invention relates to a wound care article having a portion of superabsorbent polymers, said superabsorbent polymers being present in fiber and/or thread form.
Description
Wundpflegeartikel, aufweisend superabsorbierende Polymere in Faser- und/oder Garnform Wound care articles comprising superabsorbent polymers in fiber and / or yarn form
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wundpflegeartikel gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a wound care article according to the preamble of claim 1.
Ein solcher Wundpflegeartikel eignet sich insbesondere zur Aufnahme von Exsudat aus chronischen Wunden, wie z.B. bei Diabetes, Ulcus cruris und ähnlichen Erkrankungen auftreten.Such a wound care article is particularly suitable for receiving exudate from chronic wounds, such as e.g. in diabetes, leg ulcers and similar diseases.
Der Begriff "Exsudat" bezeichnet eine über die entzündlichen Prozesse des Wundödems vom Blutplasma abgeleitete Wundflüssigkeit. So wie das Blut für den Transport von Nährstoffen und anderen Botenstoffen und damit für die Versorgung verschiedener Teile des Körpers verantwortlich ist, dient das Exsudat auf ganz ähnliche Weise der Versorgung des Wundbettes und der darin ablaufenden Heilungsprozesse. Um dieser Vielzahl an Funktionen gerecht zu werden, enthält es ein breites Spektrum an Komponenten, woraus ein spezifisches Gewicht resultiert, das leicht oberhalb dessen von Wasser liegt. Darin unterscheidet es sich auch vom Transsudat, welches von nicht-entzündlichen Prozessen abgeleitet ist und ein deutlich geringeres spezifisches Gewicht mit einem geringen Zell- und Proteingehalt aufweist. Neben der Bereitstellung von Nährstoffen für die Fibroblasten und Epithelzellen koordiniert das Exsudat die verschiedenen Prozesse der Wundheilung zeitlich und räumlich durch seinen hohen Gehalt an Wachstumsfaktoren und Zytokinen. Diese werden vor allem durch Thrombozyten, Keratinozyten, Makrophagen und Fibroblasten gebildet. Sie beeinflussen die Motilität, Migration und Proliferation der verschiedenen an der Wundheilung beteiligten Zellen. So wird das Einwandern von Zellen in den Wundgrund ebenso gefördert wie die Versorgung des neugebildeten Granulationsgewebes durch die Angiogenese. Auch die Wundreinigung wird
durch das Exsudat unterstützt. Es enthält verschiedene Serin-, Cystein- und Aspartatproteasen sowie Matrix-Metalloproteasen, die in ihrer Aktivität streng reguliert irreversibel geschädigtes Gewebe abbauen und somit das Wundbett für die nachfolgenden Phasen der Heilung vorbereiten.The term "exudate" refers to a wound fluid derived from the blood plasma via the inflammatory processes of wound edema. Just as the blood is responsible for the transport of nutrients and other messengers and thus for the supply of various parts of the body, the exudate serves in a similar way the supply of the wound bed and the healing processes running in it. To cope with this multitude of functions, it contains a wide range of components, resulting in a specific weight that is slightly above that of water. This is also different from the transudate, which is derived from non-inflammatory processes and has a significantly lower specific gravity with a low cell and protein content. In addition to providing nutrients to the fibroblasts and epithelial cells, exudate coordinates the various processes of wound healing both temporally and spatially through its high content of growth factors and cytokines. These are mainly formed by platelets, keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. They influence the motility, migration and proliferation of the various cells involved in wound healing. Thus, the infiltration of cells into the wound base is promoted as well as the supply of the newly formed granulation tissue by angiogenesis. Also, the wound cleansing will supported by the exudate. It contains various serine, cysteine and aspartate proteases as well as matrix metalloproteases, which in their activity severely regulate irreversibly damaged tissue and thus prepare the wound bed for the subsequent phases of healing.
Bestandteile des physiologischen Exsudats sind insbesondere Salze, Glucose, Zytokine und Wachstumsfaktoren, Plasmaproteine, Proteasen (insbesondere Matrix-Metalloproteasen), Granulozyten und Makrophagen.Components of the physiological exudate are in particular salts, glucose, cytokines and growth factors, plasma proteins, proteases (in particular matrix metalloproteases), granulocytes and macrophages.
Kommt es nicht innerhalb einiger Wochen zu einer deutlichen Progression des Wundhei- lungsverlaufs entsprechend der verschiedenen Phasen der Wundheilung, so spricht man von einer chronischen Wunde. Dabei betrachtet man jedoch bereits länger als drei Tageandauernde exsudative Phasen als Komplikation und spricht von einer pathologischen Exsudation, welche zu einer Chronifizierung der Wunde beitragen kann. Die zugrunde liegenden Ursa- chen sind meist komplex und können durchaus auch systemischer Natur sein. Es überrascht jedoch aufgrund der zuvor erläuterten Bedeutung des Exsudats für die Wundheilung nicht, dass sich Komplikationen der Wundheilung in einer deutlich veränderten Zusammensetzung und Wirkung des Exsudats widerspiegeln.If, within a few weeks, there is no marked progression of the course of wound healing according to the different phases of wound healing, this is called a chronic wound. However, it is considered more than three days lasting exudative phases as a complication and speaks of a pathological exudation, which may contribute to a chronicity of the wound. The underlying causes are usually complex and may well be systemic. However, due to the above-mentioned importance of the exudate for wound healing, it is not surprising that complications of wound healing are reflected in a significantly altered composition and effect of the exudate.
Unter anderem durch eine Konzentrationsverschiebung der einzelnen Bestandteile des Exsudats verliert das normalerweise heilungsfördernde Exsudat bei chronischen Wunden seine positive Wirkung. Insbesondere der Gehalt an inflammatorischen Zytokinen und Proteasen ist in pathologischem Exsudat signifikant erhöht. Der Gehalt an Wachstumsfaktoren ist dagegen verringert. Ein besonders gravierender Unterschied ergibt sich hinsichtlich der Aktivität der zuvo rangesprochenen Matrix-Metalloproteasen. Neben der Vorbereitung des Wundbetts sind sie auch beim späteren Umbau des Granulations- zum Narbengewebe beteiligt. Diese Enzyme werden normalerweise als inaktives Präenzym gebildet und in ihrer Aktivierung durch entsprechende Inhibitoren reguliert (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases, TIMPs), welche gleichzeitig selbst eine positive Wirkung auf das Zellwachstum haben. Im chronischen Exsu- dat scheint aufgrund von Störungen in diesem Regulationssystem die Aktivität der Proteasen erhöht, was möglicherweise zu einer aktiven Wundregression beiträgt. Das pathologische Exsudat ist hinsichtlich des Gehalts seiner Komponenten aus dem der Wundprogressionför- derlichen Gleichgewicht geraten. Daraus ergeben sich verschiedene Komplikationen, die zur weiteren Verschlechterung und Chronifizierung der Wunde beitragen.
Ein Wundpflegeartikel der eingangs genannten Art dient insbesondere dazu, besagtes chronisches Exsudat zu absorbieren und so die Wundheilung zu fördern.Among other things, by a shift in concentration of the individual constituents of the exudate, the normally healing-promoting exudate loses its positive effect in chronic wounds. In particular, the content of inflammatory cytokines and proteases is significantly increased in pathological exudate. The content of growth factors, however, is reduced. A particularly serious difference arises with regard to the activity of the matrix-metalloproteases zuvo addressed. In addition to the preparation of the wound bed, they are also involved in the subsequent remodeling of the granulation to the scar tissue. These enzymes are normally formed as an inactive pre-enzyme and are regulated in their activation by appropriate inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases, TIMPs), which at the same time have a positive effect on cell growth. In the chronic exudate, the activity of the proteases appears to be increased due to disturbances in this regulatory system, potentially contributing to active wound regurgitation. The pathological exudate has reached the balance of wound progression with regard to the content of its components. This results in various complications that contribute to further deterioration and chronicity of the wound. A wound care article of the type mentioned in the beginning serves, in particular, to absorb said chronic exudate and thus promote wound healing.
Die Verwendung von partikulären superabsorbierenden Polymeren in Wundpflegeartikeln weist jedoch eine Reihe von Nachteilen auf:However, the use of particulate superabsorbent polymers in wound care articles has a number of disadvantages:
So können diese Partikel nicht unmittelbar in die Nähe der Wunde gebracht werden, da sie nicht resorbierbar sind, es ist also nicht ausgeschlossen, dass Partikel in die Wunde gelangen, dort verbleiben und zu Entzündungen führen. Aus diesem Grunde müssen diese Partikel stets durch eine partikeldichte Hülle von der Wunde getrennt werden.Thus, these particles can not be brought close to the wound because they are not absorbable, so it is not excluded that particles get into the wound, remain there and lead to inflammation. For this reason, these particles must always be separated from the wound by a particle-tight sheath.
Die Partikel müssen auch immer in einer Trägermatrix angeordnet sein, so z.B. in einer Matte aus einem Airlaid. Der Anteil an superabsorbierenden Materialien in einem solchen Wund- pflegeartikel ist damit stets um den Anteil des Airlaids reduziert, was die maximale Aufnahmekapazität beeinträchtigt.The particles must always be arranged in a carrier matrix, e.g. in a mat of an airlaid. The proportion of superabsorbent materials in such a wound care article is thus always reduced by the proportion of the airlaid, which impairs the maximum absorption capacity.
Partikel können Flüssigkeitssströme nicht lenken bzw. richten. Auf diese Weise kann es u.U. zu einer Wundrandmazeration kommen.Particles can not direct or direct liquid flows. In this way, it may u.U. come to a Wundrandmazeration.
Partikel besitzen oftmals eine hohe Abrasivität und können - zumindest im trockenen Zustand - ein unangenehmes Hautgefühl verursachen.Particles often have a high abrasiveness and can - at least in the dry state - cause an unpleasant feeling on the skin.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Wundpflegeartikel zu schaffen, der die ge- nannten Nachteile vermeidet.The object of the present invention is to provide a wound care article which avoids the disadvantages mentioned.
Diese Aufgaben werden durch einen Wundpflegeartikel mit den Merkmalen des vorgelegten Hauptanspruchs gelöst. Die Unteransprüche geben bevorzugte Ausführungsformen an. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass die genannten Bereichsangaben durchweg einschließlich der jeweiligen Grenzwerte zu verstehen sind.These objects are achieved by a wound care article having the features of the presented main claim. The subclaims indicate preferred embodiments. It should be noted that the specified area information is to be understood throughout including the respective limit values.
Demnach ist ein Wundpflegeartikel vorgesehen, aufweisend mindestens einen Anteil an superabsorbierenden Polymeren, wobei besagte superabsorbierende Polymere in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegen.
Superabsorbierende Polymere (SAP) sind Kunststoffe, die in der Lage sind, ein Vielfaches ihres Eigengewichts - bis zum 1000-fachen - an Flüssigkeiten aufzusaugen. Chemisch handelt es sich dabei um ein Copolymer aus Acrylsäure (Propensäure, C3H4O2) und Natriumacrylat (Natriumsalz der Acrylsäure, NaCsHsO2), wobei das Verhältnis der beiden Monomere zuein- ander variieren kann. Zusätzlich wird ein so genannter Kernvernetzer (Core-Cross-Linker, CXL) der Monomerlösung zugesetzt, der die gebildeten langkettigen Polymermoleküle stellenweise untereinander durch chemische Brücken verbindet (sie "vernetzt"). Durch diese Brücken wird das Polymer wasserunlöslich. Beim Eindringen von Wasser oder wässrigen Salzlösungen in die Polymerpartikeln quellen sie auf und straffen auf molekularer Ebene dieses Netzwerk, so dass das Wasser ohne Hilfe nicht mehr entweichen kann.Accordingly, a wound care article is provided comprising at least a portion of superabsorbent polymers, said superabsorbent polymers being in fiber and / or yarn form. Superabsorbent polymers (SAP) are plastics that are able to absorb many times their own weight - up to 1000 times - in liquids. Chemically, this is a copolymer of acrylic acid (propionic acid, C3H4O2) and sodium acrylate (sodium salt of acrylic acid, NaCsHsO 2 ), whereby the ratio of the two monomers can vary to one another. In addition, a so-called core crosslinker (core-crosslinker, CXL) is added to the monomer solution, which connects the long-chain polymer molecules formed in places with each other by chemical bridges (they "crosslinked"). These bridges make the polymer water insoluble. When water or aqueous salt solutions penetrate into the polymer particles, they swell up and tighten this network at the molecular level, so that the water can no longer escape without help.
Superabsorbierende Polymere liegen in der Regel in Form eines Granulats oder eines Pulvers, vor, und sind z.B. in dieser Form für die Verwendung in Wundauflagen aus der WO03094813, der WO2007051599 und der WO0152780 der Anmelderin der vorliegenden Erfindung bekannt. Der Offenbarungsgehalt der genannten Schriften sei dem Offenbarungs- gehalt dieser Schrift vollumfänglich beigefügt.Superabsorbent polymers are usually in the form of granules or powder, and are e.g. in this form for use in wound dressings from WO03094813, WO2007051599 and WO0152780 of the applicant of the present invention. The disclosure content of said documents is fully attached to the disclosure content of this document.
Die darin beschriebene Wundauflage kann bevorzugt einen im wesentlichen flachen Materialabschnitt aus Absorptionsmaterial aufweisen, der z.B. aus einem aufsaugenden Vlies aus den genannten Fasern mit darin verteilten superabsorbierenden Polymeren besteht. Diese liegen wie beschrieben bevorzugt in Form eines Granulats oder eines Pulvers vor, können jedoch auch in Form einer Schüttung, eines Presslings, eines Schaums, in Form von Fasern, eines Fasergewirkes, -geleges oder -vlieses und/oder einer Faserwatte vorliegen.The wound dressing described therein may preferably comprise a substantially flat material portion of absorbent material, e.g. consists of an absorbent fleece of said fibers with superabsorbent polymers dispersed therein. These are preferably present in the form of a granulate or a powder as described, but may also be in the form of a bed, a compact, a foam, in the form of fibers, a Fasergewirkes, -laid or fleece and / or a fiber wadding.
Die in dem vorliegenden Zusammenhang von der Anmelderin erstmals vorgeschlagene Ver- wendung von Superabsorbierenden Polymeren in Faser- oder Garnform weist gegenüber partikulären superabsorbierenden Polymeren eine Reihe von Vorteilen auf:The application of superabsorbent polymers in fiber or yarn form proposed by the applicant for the first time in the present context has a number of advantages over particulate superabsorbent polymers:
i) So haben besagte Fasern oder Garne einen Dochteffekt. Auf diese Weise können sie bei Kontakt mit einer Flüssigkeit sehr viel schneller diese Flüssigkeit aufneh- men und binden als dies partikuläre superabsorbierende Polymere können. ii) überdies können die Flüssigkeitssströme lenken bzw. richten. Auf diese Weise kann z.B. eine Wundrandmazeration verhindert werden. iii) Sie können anders als partikuläre superabsorbierende Polymere zu Vliesen, Geweben oder ähnlichem verarbeitet werden. Auf diese Weise kann z.B. die Hülle einer
Wundauflage aus diesen Fasern oder Garnen gefertigt sein, und die superabsorbierenden Eigenschaften können so sehr viel näher an den Wundgrund gebracht werden. iv) Die Gefahr, dass superabsorbierende Materialien in der Wunde verbleiben, ist bei einem Gewebe aus superabsorbierenden Garnen sehr viel geringer als bei partikulären superabsorbierenden Polymeren. Auch dies trägt dazu bei, dass die superabsorbierenden Eigenschaften so sehr viel näher an den Wundgrund gebracht werden können v) Da in vielen Fällen auf ein gesondertes Trägermaterial verzichtet werden kann, kann der Anteil an superabsorbierenden Materialien in einem Wundpflegeartikel erheblich erhöht werden; im Extremfall kann er sogar einen Gewichtsanteil von 100 % annehmen. vi) Besagte Fasern oder Garne bzw, die daraus hergestellten Produkte besitzen eine sehr viel höhere Weichheit und eine geringere Abrasivität als die entsprechenden partikulären superabsorbierenden Polymere. vii) Besagte Fasern oder Garne lassen sich zu einem Gefüge verarbeiten, ohne dass - wie es bei partikulären superabsorbierenden Polymeren erforderlich ist - ein Kleber oder ein Schweissverfahren verwendet werden muß. Dies hat sowohl in bezug auf die Reinheit des Produkts als auch in bezug auf die Pharmakologie und etwai- ge Allergenität erhebliche Vorteile. viii) Im Gegensatz zu partikulären superabsorbierenden Polymere läßt sich die Dimensionierung besagter Fasern oder Garne sehr viel genauer steuern und kontrollieren, was einerseits zu Verhinderung von Stäuben führt, wie sie bei Verwendung von partikulären superabsorbierenden Polymere häufig entstehen., und was anderer- seits die Produktqualität (Homogenität und Reproduzierbarkeit) wesentlich erhöht, ix) Aufgrund der fehlenden Ausbildung von Stäuben kann ggf. auch auf die Verwendung einer gesonderten Hülle verzichtet werden, x) Besagte Garne oder Fasern können in aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Air- laids, die partikuläre superabsorbierenden Polymere enthalten, die Trägerfasern des Airlaids ersetzen, um so den Anteil an superabsorbierenden Materialien in einem Wundpflegeartikel und damit die gesamte Absorptionskapazität - zu erhöhen.
Jegliche zwei- oder dreidimensionale Anordnung der Fasern oder Garne ist hier denkbar. So können die Fasern oder Garne gerichtet oder ungerichtet (Wirr-Warr), in mehreren Lagen oder sonstwie angeordnet sein.i) Thus, said fibers or yarns have a wicking effect. In this way, upon contact with a liquid, they can absorb and bind this liquid much faster than particulate superabsorbent polymers can. ii) Moreover, the liquid streams can direct. In this way, for example, a wound edge maceration can be prevented. iii) Unlike particulate superabsorbent polymers, they can be made into nonwovens, fabrics or the like. In this way, for example, the shell of a Wound dressing can be made of these fibers or yarns, and the superabsorbent properties can be brought so much closer to the wound base. iv) The risk of superabsorbent materials remaining in the wound is much lower for a web of superabsorbent yarns than for particulate superabsorbent polymers. This also contributes to the fact that the superabsorbent properties can be brought so much closer to the wound base. V) Since in many cases a separate carrier material can be dispensed with, the proportion of superabsorbent materials in a wound care article can be considerably increased; in extreme cases, it can even assume a weight percentage of 100%. vi) Said fibers or yarns or the products made therefrom have a much higher softness and a lower abrasiveness than the corresponding particulate superabsorbent polymers. vii) Said fibers or yarns can be made into a structure without the need for an adhesive or a welding process, as is required with particulate superabsorbent polymers. This has significant advantages in terms of product purity as well as pharmacology and potential allergenicity. viii) In contrast to particulate superabsorbent polymers, the dimensioning of said fibers or yarns can be controlled and controlled much more precisely, which on the one hand leads to the prevention of dusts which frequently arise when using particulate superabsorbent polymers, and, on the other hand, the product quality (Homogeneity and reproducibility) substantially increased, ix) Due to the lack of formation of dusts, it may be possible to dispense with the use of a separate shell, x). Said yarns or fibers may be air-laid in known from the prior art, the particulate superabsorbent Containing polymers that replace the carrier fibers of the airlaid, so as to increase the proportion of superabsorbent materials in a wound care article and thus the total absorption capacity -. Any two- or three-dimensional arrangement of the fibers or yarns is conceivable here. Thus, the fibers or yarns may be directional or non-directional (Wirr-Warr), in multiple layers or otherwise.
Superabsorbierende Fasern aus Polyacrylaten werden z.B. von der Firma Technical Absor- bents unter dem Handelsnamen „Oasis Super Absorbent Fibre" angeboten und vertrieben. Sie weisen wie alle Superabsorbierenden Polyacrylate eine sehr hohe Aufhahmekapazität für Flüssigkeiten auf. Diese Fasern können z.B. in Form eines Vlieses, eines Airlaids, eines Gewebes, eines Airlaids und/oder eines Nonwoven vorliegen. Solche Fasern sind z.B. aus der DE 69807337 bekanntSuperabsorbent fibers of polyacrylates are e.g. marketed and sold by the company Technical Absorbents under the trade name "Oasis Super Absorbent Fiber." Like all superabsorbent polyacrylates, they have a very high absorption capacity for liquids, for example in the form of a fleece, an airlaid, a fabric, a fabric Airlaids and / or a nonwoven are present Such fibers are known for example from DE 69807337
Die besagten Fasern aus superabsorbierendem Material sind jedoch in der Regel sehr brüchig, da das verwendete Polyacrylat-Material eine hohe Sprödheit aufweist. Aus diesem Grunde können die Fasern eine gewisse Länge nicht überschreiten und daher auch nicht ohne weiteres zu einem Garn verarbeitet werden.The said fibers of superabsorbent material are, however, usually very brittle, since the polyacrylate material used has a high brittleness. For this reason, the fibers can not exceed a certain length and therefore can not be easily processed into a yarn.
Die WOO 106047 beschreibt hingegen Garne aufweisend superabsorbierende Polymere. Diesen Garnen liegt ein besonderes Herstellungsverfahren zugrunde, bei welchem die oben genannten superabsorbierenden Fasern mit stützenden Fasern aus einem stärkeren Material ge- mischt und anschließend zu einem Garn versponnen werden. Bei besagten stützenden Fasern handelt es sich z.B. um Fasern aus Polyester, Polypropylen, Nylon, Baumwolle, Viskose oder ähnlichem Material. Das so hergestellte Garn kann dann zu einem Gewebe, Gelege, Gestrick und/oder Gewirke verarbeitet werden. Ebenso können die Fasern aber auch mit elastischen Fasern, beispielsweise aus Elasthan verarbeitet werden .On the other hand, WO 106047 describes yarns comprising superabsorbent polymers. These yarns are based on a special production process in which the abovementioned superabsorbent fibers are mixed with supporting fibers of a stronger material and then spun into a yarn. Said supporting fibers are e.g. to fibers of polyester, polypropylene, nylon, cotton, viscose or similar material. The yarn thus produced can then be made into a woven, scrim, knit and / or knitted fabric. Likewise, the fibers can also be processed with elastic fibers, such as spandex.
Bislang ist jedoch ausschließlich die Verwendung solcher Garne für Kabel, insbesondere Unterwasserkabel, beschrieben, so z.B. in der EP1072698, die vom selben Anmelder stammt wie die oben diskutierte WOO 106047.However, so far only the use of such yarns for cables, in particular underwater cables, is described, e.g. in EP1072698, by the same Applicant as WOO 106047 discussed above.
Bevorzugt ist dabei vorgesehen, dass die in Faserform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere mindestens teilweise in Form einer Watte, eines Vlieses, eines Airlaids und/oder eines Nonwoven vorliegen.
Hierzu werden bevorzugt Fasern mit mittleren Längen von 5 - 50 mm verwendet. Die Herstellung erfolgt mit bekannten Methoden, wie z.B. dem Kardieren oder dem Airlaid- Verfahren. Dabei können die Superabsorbierenden Fasern alleiniger Bestandteil des jeweiligen Materials sein,. Bevorzugt ist jedoch vorgesehen, dass dass der Wundpflegeartikel über- dies einen Anteil an stützenden Fasern aufweist, die auch in feuchtem Zustand die Integrität der Wundauflage gewährleisten, wobei besagte Fasern ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe enthaltendIt is preferably provided that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber form are present at least partially in the form of a wadding, a fleece, an airlaid and / or a nonwoven. For this purpose, preferably fibers are used with average lengths of 5 - 50 mm. The preparation is carried out by known methods, such as carding or the Airlaid method. The superabsorbent fibers may be the sole constituent of the respective material. Preferably, however, it is provided that the wound care article additionally has a proportion of supporting fibers which ensure the integrity of the wound dressing even when moist, wherein said fibers are selected from the group comprising
a) Cellulosefasern, b) Viskosefasern, c) Alginatfasern, und/oder d) Polyester-, Polyolefine-, Polyurethan-, Polyvinylalkohol- oder Polymaidfasern, bzw. Mischungen oder Copolymere derselbena) cellulose fibers, b) viscose fibers, c) alginate fibers, and / or d) polyester, polyolefin, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol or polymaid fibers, or mixtures or copolymers thereof
Auf diese Weise lassen sich die Absorptionseigenschaften des betreffenden Materials, aber auch andere Eigenschaften wie z.B. Dehnbarkeit, Reißfestigkeit, Verhalten bei Durchnässung und dergleichen, genau steuern.In this way, the absorption properties of the material in question, but also other properties such. Extensibility, tear resistance, wetting behavior and the like, exactly control.
Die genannten Fasern nehmen im Unterschied zu den genannten hydroaktiven bzw. superab- sorbierenden Polymeren nur relativ wenig Feuchtigkeit auf und behalten daher länger ihre strukturelle Integrität bzw. Festigkeit. Sie bilden also gleichsam das „Rückgrat" des erfindungsgemäßen Wundpflegeartikels, damit dieser, wenn er Feuchtigkeit aufgenommen hat, sich als Ganzes von der Wunde abnehmen lässt.In contrast to the abovementioned hydroactive or superabsorbent polymers, the fibers mentioned absorb only relatively little moisture and therefore retain their structural integrity for longer. So they form, so to speak, the "backbone" of the wound care article of the invention, so that this, when it has absorbed moisture, can be removed as a whole from the wound.
Dabei kann insbesondere vorgesehen sein, dass ein Gewebe vorgesehen ist, bei dem z.B. die Kettfäden aus superabsorbierenden Garnen gefertigt sind, während die Schussfäden aus anderen Garnen bestehen, die z.B. stützende Fasern gemäß der obigen Aufzählung enthalten. Ein solches Gewebe weist gerichtete hydroaktive Eigenschaften auf, d.h. es nimmt Flüssigkeit in einer Richtung auf und leitet sie weiter.In this case, provision may in particular be made for a fabric in which e.g. the warp threads are made from superabsorbent yarns, while the weft threads are made from other yarns, e.g. containing supporting fibers according to the above list. Such a fabric has directional hydroactive properties, i. it absorbs fluid in one direction and passes it on.
Cellulose ist ein natürlich vorkommendes, unverzweigtes Polysaccharid, das aus mehreren Hundert bis zehntausend ß-D-Glucose-Molekülen mit (l-4)ß-glykosidischer Bindung besteht. Es ist Hauptbestandteil des Zellstoffs.
Viskosefasern sind Fasern, die aus dem Grundmaterial Cellulose bestehen und mithilfe eines chemischen Veredlungsverfahrens weiterverarbeitet werden. Dabei wird die Zellulose zunächst mit Natronlauge versetzt, quillt auf und bildet Natroncellulose. Auf diese lässt man Schwefelkohlenstoff (CS2) einwirken. Dabei entsteht Natriumxanthogenat (Xanthat), das in wässriger, verdünnter NaOH-Lösung lösbar ist und eine viskose Lösung ausildet. Sowohl vor der Reaktion mit CS2 als auch nach dem Lösen in Natronlauge wird der Natroncellulose beziehungsweise der Spinnviskose Zeit für die jeweiligen chemischen Reaktionen gegeben.Cellulose is a naturally occurring, unbranched polysaccharide consisting of several hundred to ten thousand β-D-glucose molecules with (1-4) β-glycosidic linkage. It is the main component of the pulp. Viscose fibers are fibers that consist of the base material cellulose and are processed using a chemical finishing process. The cellulose is first mixed with sodium hydroxide solution, swells and forms sodium cellulose. These can be carbon disulphide (CS 2 ) act. This produces sodium xanthate (xanthate), which is soluble in aqueous, dilute NaOH solution and forms a viscous solution. Both before the reaction with CS 2 and after dissolving in sodium hydroxide solution, the soda-cellulose or the spun-viscose is given time for the respective chemical reactions.
Hierzu gehören die Verkürzung der Kettenlängen der polymeren Zellulosemoleküle vor der Xanthogenierungsreaktion und Umlagerungsreaktionen nach dem Löseprozess. Nach zwei- oder dreifacher Filtration und Entlüftung besitzt dann die Spinnmasse die geeignete Viskosität und den geeigneten Reifegrad - Reaktivität gegenüber dem Spinnbad - um nachfolgend versponnen werden zu können.These include the shortening of the chain lengths of the polymeric cellulose molecules before the xanthogenation reaction and rearrangement reactions after the dissolution process. After two- or three-fold filtration and deaeration then the dope has the appropriate viscosity and the appropriate degree of ripeness - reactivity with respect to the spinning bath - to be subsequently spun can.
Für die Viskosefasern im klassischen Herstellungsprozess wird ein Schwefelsäurespinnbad eingesetzt, welches zusätzlich noch - fast bis zur Sättigungsgrenze - Natriumsulfat und eine geringe Menge Zinksulfat zur Verzögerung der Zellulose- Ausfällungsreaktion enthält. DieFor the viscose fibers in the classical manufacturing process, a sulfuric acid spinning bath is used which additionally contains sodium sulphate and a small amount of zinc sulphate, almost to the saturation limit, for retarding the cellulose precipitation reaction. The
Viskosespinnmasse wird mittels Zahnradpumpen durch die Spinndüsen gepresst. Der typische Lochdurchmesser eines Einzellochs der Spinndüsen beträgt etwa 50 μm.Viskosepinnmasse is pressed by gear pumps through the spinnerets. The typical hole diameter of a single hole of the spinnerets is about 50 microns.
Die so erhaltene Faser unterscheidet sich von klassischen Zellulosefasern durch eine sehr glatte Oberfläche, was etwaige Haftung mit der Wunde verhindert, sowie eine höhere Reissfes- tigkeit bewirkt. Viskose ist unter dem Handelsnamen Rayon erhältlichThe fiber thus obtained differs from classical cellulose fibers by a very smooth surface, which prevents any adhesion to the wound, as well as a higher tear resistance. Viscose is available under the trade name Rayon
Alginate werden aus den Braunalgen gewonnen und können in Faserform vorliegend zu einem Vlies oder Gewebe verarvbeitet werden. Chemisch handelt es sich um Polysaccharide, und zwar Calcium- und/oder Natrimsalze der Alginsäuren. Alginate können bis zum 20fachen ihres Eigengewichtes an Flüssigkeit aufnehmen, dabei wird das Wundexsudat in die Hohl- räume eingelagert. Die im Alginatgitter enthaltenen Ca2+ Ionen werden gegen die Na+ Ionen aus dem Exsudat ausgetauscht, bis der Sättigungsgrad an Na-Ionen im Alginat erreicht ist. Dabei kommt es zu einem Aufquellen der Wundauflage und zur Umwandlung der Alginatfa- ser in einen Gelkörper durch Aufquellen der Fasern. Dies tritt jedoch z.B. im Gegensatz zu superabsorbierenden Polymeren erst bei sehr viel höheren Flüssigkeitsanteilen ein, sodass Alginate als stützende Fasern im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung in Frage kommen.
Weiterhin ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der Wundpflegeartikel neben besagten besagten Garnen oder Fasern mindestens einen weiteren Bestandteil aufweist ausgewählt aus der Gruppe enthaltendAlginates are obtained from the brown algae and can be processed in fiber form into a nonwoven or woven fabric. Chemically, it is polysaccharides, namely calcium and / or Natrimsalze the alginic acids. Alginates can absorb up to 20 times their own weight of liquid, whereby the wound exudate is stored in the cavities. The Ca 2+ ions contained in the alginate lattice are exchanged with the Na + ions from the exudate until the degree of saturation of Na ions in the alginate is reached. Swelling of the wound dressing and transformation of the alginate fiber into a gel body by swelling of the fibers occur. However, this occurs, for example, in contrast to superabsorbent polymers only at much higher liquid contents, so that alginates come as supporting fibers in the context of the present invention in question. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the wound care article contains, in addition to said yarns or fibers, at least one further constituent selected from the group comprising
a) hydroaktive Polymere, und/oder b) partikuläre superabsorbierende Polymerea) hydroactive polymers, and / or b) particulate superabsorbent polymers
Unter dem Begriff „hydroaktive Polymere" sollen im folgenden Polymere verstanden werden, die feuchtigkeitsbindende Eigenschaften haben. Hierzu zählen u.a.The term "hydroactive polymers" is understood in the following to mean polymers which have moisture-binding properties.
• Agar,• agar,
• Carrageen,• carrageenan,
• Johannisbrotkernmehl,• locust bean gum,
• Guarkernmehl, • Traganth,• guar gum, • tragacanth,
• Gummi arabicum,d• gum arabic, d
• Xanthan,Xanthan gum,
• Karaya,• Karaya,
• Tarakernmehl, • Gelten,• Tarakernmehl, • Gelten,
• Pektin,• pectin,
• Chitosan,• Chitosan,
• Hyaluronsäure,• hyaluronic acid,
• Modifizierte Stärke, sowie • Zellulose und Zelluloseether, wie z.B.Modified starch, as well as cellulose and cellulose ethers, e.g.
• Carboxymethylcellulose,Carboxymethyl cellulose,
• Hydroxypropylcellulose,Hydroxypropyl cellulose,
• Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose,Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose,
• Methylcellulose und • Methylethylcellulose.• methylcellulose and • methylethylcellulose.
Die genannten hydroaktiven Polymere nehmen wässrige Wundexsudate auf und bilden dabei ebenfalls eine feuchte Oberfläche aus. Ggf. nehmen sie eine gelartige Form an. Die feuchte Oberfläche bzw. die Gelform trägt dazu bei, die Wundhaftneigung des Wundpflegeartikels zu
reduzieren, so dass dieser sich nach Verwendung atraumatisch undschmerzlos ablösen lässt. Durch die Gelform weist der Wundpflegartikel eine kühlende und somit scherzlindernde Wirkung auf. Überdies ermöglicht die Gelform die Ausbildung eines Wundheilungsfördernden Feuchtklimas.The hydroactive polymers mentioned take up aqueous wound exudates and likewise form a moist surface. Possibly. assume a gelatinous form. The moist surface or the gel form contributes to the tendency of the wound care article to become sore so that it can be detached atraumatic and painless after use. Due to the gel form, the wound care article has a cooling and thus jelly-reducing effect. In addition, the gel form allows the formation of a wound healing moisturizing climate.
Besonders bevorzugt liegen die hydroaktiven Polymere in Faserform vor. Diese Fasern können von der Art sein, die ihre strukturelle Integrität bei Absorption von Wasser oder Exudat behalten, oder können von der Art sein, die bei Absorption von Exudat ihre Faserform verlieren und zu einem strukturlosen Gel oder einer Lösung werden. Letzteres gilt besonders für Fasern aus Methylcellulose und ihren Derivaten.The hydroactive polymers are particularly preferably in the form of fibers. These fibers may be of the type that retain their structural integrity upon absorption of water or exudate, or may be of the type that lose their fibrous shape upon absorption of exudate and become a structureless gel or solution. The latter applies especially to fibers of methylcellulose and their derivatives.
Bevorzugt kann dabei vorgesehen sein, dass sich die Absorptionseigenschaften der superabsorbierenden Garne bzw. Fasern und der verwendeten hydroaktiven Polymere unterscheiden. Auf diese Weise kann z.B. ein Wundpflegeartikel hergestellt werden, der einen hochabsorbie- renden Kern sowie eine niederabsorbierende Hülle aufweist. Diese Konfiguration gewährleistet einen Wundpflegeartikel, der stets eine trockene Oberfläche aufweist.It can preferably be provided that the absorption properties of the superabsorbent yarns or fibers and the hydroactive polymers used differ. In this way, e.g. a wound care article having a high-absorbency core and a low-absorbency shell. This configuration ensures a wound care article that always has a dry surface.
Mineralische Ionenaustauscher, wie Zeolithe, Bentonite oder Montmarylinite, können ebenfalls Bestandteil des Wundpflegeartikels, insbesondere seiner Matte sein. Zeolithe können u. a. Schadstoffe, wie Schwermetalle, absorbieren.Mineral ion exchangers, such as zeolites, bentonites or montmarylinites, may also be part of the wound care article, in particular its mat. Zeolites can u. a. Absorb pollutants, such as heavy metals.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehenen, dass der Wundexsudate absorbierende Körper mindestens ein Material aufweist, das ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe enthaltend eine Matte, insbesondere aus einem Airlaid aus besagten Garnen oder Fasern aus super- absorbierenden Polymeren mit eingearbeiteten superabsorbierenden Polymeren, und/oder eine lose Füllung aus superabsorbierenden Polymeren. Besagte Airlaidmatte kann bevorzugt einen im wesentlichen flachen Materialabschnitt aus Absorptionsmaterial aufweisen, der z. B. aus einem aufsaugenden Vlies aus den genannten Fasern mit darin verteilten superabsorbierenden Polymeren besteht.In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the wound exudate absorbing body comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of a mat, in particular an airlaid of said yarns or fibers of superabsorbent polymers with incorporated superabsorbent polymers, and / or a loose filling of superabsorbent polymers. Said Airlaid mat may preferably have a substantially flat material portion of absorbent material, the z. B. consists of an absorbent fleece of said fibers with superabsorbent polymers distributed therein.
Dieser Wundexsudate absorbierende Körper kann mit der Ausnahme, dass statt Zellulosefasern hier Fasern oder Garne aus superabsorbierenden Polymeren Verwendung finden, der absorbierenden Einlage entsprechen, die in einer Wundauflage der Anmelderin der vorliegenden Erfindung enthalten ist, wie sie beispielsweise in der WO03094813, der WO2007051599
und der WOO 152780 offenbart ist und unter dem Handelsnamen „sorbion Sachet" vertrieben wird. Der Offenbarungsgehalt der genannten Schriften sei dem Offenbarungsgehalt dieser Schrift vollumfänglich beigefügt.This wound exudate absorbent body, with the exception that fibers or yarns of superabsorbent polymers are used here instead of cellulose fibers, correspond to the absorbent pad contained in a wound dressing of the applicant of the present invention, as described, for example, in WO03094813, WO2007051599 and WOO 152780 and sold under the trade name "sorbion sachet." The disclosure content of said documents is fully incorporated in the disclosure of this document.
Der Wundexsudate absorbierende Körper kann in einer anderen Ausgestaltung ebenso einen Kern bilden, der - ggf. flockenartige - Fasern oder Garne aus superabsorbierenden Polymeren sowie superabsorbierenden Polymeren in Granulatform aufweist, wobei die Granulate an die Fasern bzw. Garne in mehreren Höhen angeklebt bzw. angeschweißt sind, und die Granulate über mehr als 50 % der gesamten Bauhöhe wenigstens eines Abschnitts des Kerns verteilt sind, wobei vermengte Bereiche von Granulat und Fasern vorliegen. Der Gewichtsanteil der superabsorbierenden Polymeren kann dabei bevorzugt im Bereich zwischen 10 - 25 Gew.-% liegen. Ähnliche Konstruktionen sind aus herkömmlichen Inkontinenzmaterialien bekannt und wie Hygienebinden für ihre polsternden Eigenschaften bekannt.In another embodiment, the wound-absorbent body can likewise form a core which-optionally flake-like-has fibers or yarns of superabsorbent polymers and superabsorbent polymers in granular form, the granules being adhesively bonded or welded to the fibers or yarns at several heights , and the granules are distributed over more than 50% of the total height of at least a portion of the core, wherein there are mixed areas of granules and fibers. The proportion by weight of the superabsorbent polymers may preferably be in the range between 10 and 25% by weight. Similar constructions are known from conventional incontinence materials and known as sanitary napkins for their cushioning properties.
Um besagten Kern herum kann eine Hülle angeordnet sein, die in Bereichen überlappend angeordnet ist, und der z.B. eine Klebenaht überdeckt bzw. Teil derselben ist.Around said core may be disposed a sheath which is overlapped in areas and which may be e.g. an adhesive seam is covered or part of the same.
Ebenso kann innerhalb der Hülle ein Abschnitt eines hydrophoben und/oder wasserabweisenden bzw. wasserundurchlässigen Materials vorgesehen sein, der Durchnässungs- oder Wä- scheschutz fungiert.Likewise, a section of a hydrophobic and / or water-repellent or water-impermeable material may be provided inside the sheath, which acts as a soaking or protecting agent.
Der Wundexsudate absorbierende Körper kann in einer anderen Ausgestaltung ebenso mindestens eine flache Lagen aufweisend Fasern oder Garne aus superabsorbierenden Polymeren enthalten, an welche superabsorbierende Polymere in Granulatform geklebt sind. Dadurch ergibt sich in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ein Aufbau des Körpers, der wenigstens drei Schichten aufweist, wobei zwei Deckschichten eine Schicht aufweisend superabsorbierende Polymere umgeben.In another embodiment, the wound exudate absorbent body may also include at least one flat layer comprising fibers or yarns of superabsorbent polymers to which superabsorbent polymers in granule form are adhered. This results in a preferred embodiment, a structure of the body having at least three layers, wherein two cover layers surrounding a layer having superabsorbent polymers.
Dabei liegen in der Ebene keine Vermengungen von Fasern und superabsorbierenden PoIy- meren vor; sondern lediglich fixierte Benachbarungen beider Materialien. Die ggf. vorgesehenen mehreren lagen können dabei in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung auch durch walzen, Pressen, Kalandrieren oder ähnliche Verfahren physisch miteinander verdichtet sein. Überdies kann der Körper sich wiederholende Musterungen oder Maserungen aufweisen, wie z.B. ein Karomuster, ein Stanzmuster oder dergleichen aufweisen.
Der besagte Wundexsudate absorbierende Körper kann überdies ggf. eine Hülle aus einem durchlässigen Material aufweisen; diese kann in ihren Randbereichen unterschiedliche Verbindungen bzw. Nähte aufweisen, die insbesondere durch Klebungen erzeugt sind. So kann z.B. vorgesehen sein, dass der Verbindungsbereich zwischen dein beiden Seiten der Hülle an mindestens einer Seite des Wundexsudate absorbierenden Körpers - bevorzugt in Längsrichtung - schmaler ausgestaltet ist als an mindestens einer anderen Seite, so dass sich im ersteren Falle, anders als im letzteren Falle ein sich auffaltbarer Überstand ergibt.There are no mixtures of fibers and superabsorbent polymers in the plane; but only fixed announcements of both materials. In a preferred embodiment, the possibly provided multiple layers may also be physically compacted together by rolling, pressing, calendering or similar processes. Moreover, the body may have repetitive patterns or grains, such as a checked pattern, a punching pattern, or the like. The said wound exudate absorbing body may also have an envelope of a permeable material, if necessary; This may have different connections or seams in their edge regions, which are produced in particular by adhesions. For example, it may be provided that the connection area between the two sides of the sheath on at least one side of the wound exudate absorbing body - preferably in the longitudinal direction - is designed narrower than at least one other side, so that in the former case, unlike in the latter case a foldable supernatant results.
Besagte Hülle kann bevorzugt aus einem Nonwoven aus Polypropylen mit einem Flächenge- wicht von 10 - 40 g/m2 bestehen.Said casing may preferably consist of a polypropylene nonwoven having an area weight of 10 to 40 g / m 2 .
Bevorzugt kann überdies vorgesehen sein, dass der so beschriebene Wundexsudate absorbierende Körper an wenigstens einer Innerseite der ihn umgebenden Hülle fixiert ist, bevorzugt durch Klebungen.In addition, it can preferably be provided that the wound exudate absorbent body thus described is fixed to at least one inner side of the surrounding sheath, preferably by bonding.
Besonders bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die in Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere mindestens teilweise in Form eines Gewebes, eines Geleges, eines Gestricks und/oder eines Gewirkes vorliegen. Ebenso können die einzelnen Garne auch in Form eines Gitters miteinander verschweißt sein.It is particularly preferred that the superabsorbent polymers present in yarn form be present at least partially in the form of a woven fabric, a fabric, a knitted fabric and / or a knitted fabric. Likewise, the individual yarns can also be welded together in the form of a grid.
In dieser Form können die superabsorbierenden Garne z.B. als Hülle einer Wundauflage fungieren. Ebenso kann aus besagtem Material ein Verband ähnlich einer Mullbinde hergestellt werden. Es kann jedoch auch ein dreidimensionalse Gewebe oder Gestrick hergestellt werden, dass als zentraler Absorptionskörper einer Wundauflage fungiert. Dabei können die Superab- sorbierenden Garne alleiniger Bestandteil des jeweiligen Materials sein, sie können jedoch auch in Kombination mit anderen Fasern verwendet werden, so z.B. mit Zellstoff-, Viskose-, Baumwoll- und/oder Polyolefmfasern.In this form, the superabsorbent yarns may e.g. act as a cover of a wound dressing. Likewise, from said material a dressing similar to a gauze bandage can be made. However, it is also possible to produce a three-dimensional woven or knitted fabric which acts as the central absorption body of a wound dressing. The superabsorbent yarns may be the sole constituent of the respective material, but they may also be used in combination with other fibers, e.g. with pulp, viscose, cotton and / or polyolefin fibers.
Auf diese Weise lassen sich die Absorptionseigenschaften des betreffenden Materials, aber auch andere Eigenschaften wie z.B. Dehnbarkeit, Reißfestigkeit, Verhalten bei Durchnässung und dergleichen, genau steuern.
Ferner ist erfindungsgemäß ein Wundpflegeartikel vorgesehen, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil einer flächigen Matte und/oder einer flächigen Wundauflage sind.In this way, the absorption properties of the material in question, but also other properties such as extensibility, tear resistance, wetting behavior and the like, can be precisely controlled. Furthermore, a wound care article is provided according to the invention, which is characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a flat mat and / or a flat wound dressing.
Ebenso ist erfindungsgemäß ein Wundpflegeartikel vorgesehen, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil eines dreidimensionalen Absorptionskörpers sind.Likewise, according to the invention, a wound care article is provided, which is characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a three-dimensional absorption body.
Ebenso ist erfindungsgemäß ein Wundpflegeartikel vorgesehen, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil einer Hülle einer Wundauflage sind.Likewise, according to the invention, a wound care article is provided, which is characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of an envelope of a wound dressing.
Alternativ ist vorgesehen, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil eines Schaums sind. Bei diesem Schaum kann es sich z.B. um ein Material ausgewählt aus der Gruppe enthaltend thermoplastische Weichschäume, wieAlternatively, it is envisaged that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a foam. This foam may be e.g. a material selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic flexible foams, such as
Polyurethan-, Polyamid- oder Polyetherschaum, Silikonschaum sowie Cellulose-Schaum oder Naturschwamm handelt.Polyurethane, polyamide or polyether foam, silicone foam and cellulose foam or natural sponge is.
Naturschwämme beispielsweise der Klasse der Hornkieselschwämme (Demospongiae) wei- sen ähnlich wie technische Schaumstoffe ein Absorptionsvermögen für Flüssigkeiten auf. Überdies weisen sie wachstumshemmende Eigenschaften gegenüber Mikroorganismen auf, um sich vor dem Ansiedeln von sessilen Organismen zu schützen. Diese Eigenschaften können auch in Zusammenhang mit der Wundversorgung sinnvoll sein, um Bakterienwachstum in der Wundauflage und/oder in der Wunde zu verhindern. Ebenso weisen diese Schwämme wachstumshemmende Eigenschaften gegenüber Pilzen und Einzellern auf. Hinzu kommt, dass solche Schwämme Flüssigkeiten zu absorbieren imstande sind und sich daher für die Aufnahme von Exsudaten hervorragend eignen.Natural sponges, for example of the horn-pebble sponges (Demospongiae), have a capacity to absorb liquids, similar to technical foams. In addition, they have growth-inhibiting properties against microorganisms to protect against sedimentation of sessile organisms. These properties may also be useful in the context of wound care to prevent bacterial growth in the wound dressing and / or wound. Likewise, these sponges have growth-inhibiting properties against fungi and unicellulars. In addition, such sponges are able to absorb liquids and are therefore highly suitable for the absorption of exudates.
Besagter Naturschwamm kann in dünnen Scheiben, die z. B. durch thermisches Schneiden erzeugt worden sind, auf die Wunde aufgelegt sein.Said natural sponge can in thin slices, the z. B. generated by thermal cutting, be placed on the wound.
Der Weichschaumstoff kann ggf. mehrlagig ausgestaltet sein, wobei die einzelnen Lagen bevorzugt Dicken zwischen 0,5 mm und 10 mm aufweisen können.
Der Weichschaumstoff kann offenzellig und geschlossenzellig ausgestaltet sein. Insbesondere in letzterem Falle kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Material Stanzungen und/oder Perforationen aufweist, welche den Flüssigkeitsein- und -durchtritt in bzw. durch den Weichschaumstoff beschleunigen. Überdies kann der Weichschaumstoff auch als Integralschaum ausgestaltet sein.The flexible foam may optionally be configured in multiple layers, wherein the individual layers may preferably have thicknesses between 0.5 mm and 10 mm. The flexible foam may be open-celled and closed-celled. In particular, in the latter case can be provided that the material has punches and / or perforations, which accelerate the liquid inlet and passage in or through the flexible foam. Moreover, the flexible foam can also be designed as integral foam.
In besagtem Fall können die superabsorbierenden Fasern oder Garne bereits vor dem Aufschäumen des Schaumstoffs in das Ausgangsmaterial eingebracht werden. Alternativ können sie auch mittels Druck in das fertige Schaumstoffmaterial eingepresst werden.In said case, the superabsorbent fibers or yarns may be incorporated into the starting material prior to foaming the foam. Alternatively, they can also be pressed into the finished foam material by means of pressure.
Auf diese Weise wird die Absorptionskapazität des erfindungsgemäßen Wundpflegeartikels weiter erhöht. Überdies können die Fasern oder Garne eine Dochtwirkung aufweisen. Dies ist insofern vorteilhaft, da so gewährleistet ist, dass die Oberfläche des Wundpflegeartikels trocken bleibt und aufgenommenes Exsudat schnell nach innen weitergeleitet wird.In this way, the absorption capacity of the wound care article according to the invention is further increased. Moreover, the fibers or yarns may have a wicking effect. This is advantageous in that it ensures that the surface of the wound care article remains dry and absorbed exudate is rapidly forwarded inwards.
Weiterhin kann vorgersehen sein, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere auf eine Trägerlage aufgebracht sind.Furthermore, it can be anticipated that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form are applied to a carrier layer.
Hier kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Fasern in einer Wirrwarr- Anordung ggf. beidseitig auf eine Lage aufgestreut werden, die zuvor mit einem adhäsiven Material beschichtet wurde. Hierbei kann es sich z.B. um Paraffin oder Glycerin handeln. Ebenso kann ein Gewebe aufweisend superabsorbierendes Garn auf besagte Lage aufgebracht sein. Mehrere dieser Lagen können z.B. in einem erfindungsgemäßen Wundpflegeartikel übereinander gelegt sein.Here it can be provided that the fibers in a jumble arrangement are optionally spread on both sides to a layer which has been previously coated with an adhesive material. This may be e.g. to trade paraffin or glycerin. Likewise, a fabric having superabsorbent yarn may be applied to said layer. Several of these layers may e.g. be superimposed in a wound care article according to the invention.
Ebenso kann vorgesehen sein, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Bestandteil einer Binde oder Wickel sind, die ggf. elastische Eigenschaften aufweist. Hierzu kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Fasern in oben beschriebener Weise mit elastischen Fasern zu einem Garn verarbeitet worden sind.It can likewise be provided that the superabsorbent constituents present in fibrous and / or yarn form are a bandage or a wrap which optionally has elastic properties. For this purpose it can be provided that the fibers have been processed in the manner described above with elastic fibers to form a yarn.
Ferner ist die Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Wundpflegeartikels zur Behandlung von chronischen Wunden, akut blutenden Wunden und traumatisch erzeugten Wunden vorgesehen.
Ebenso ist die Verwendung eines erfϊndungsgemäßen Wundpflegeartikels zur operativen bzw. postoperativen Versorgung bzw. für militärische Zwecke vorgesehen.Furthermore, the use of a wound care article according to the invention for the treatment of chronic wounds, acutely bleeding wounds and traumatically produced wounds is provided. Likewise, the use of a wound care article according to the invention for surgical or postoperative care or for military purposes is provided.
Weiterhin ist ein Kit für die Akut-, Notfall- oder Militärmedizinische bzw. die chronische Versorgung vorgesehen, aufweisend einen erfϊndungsgemäßen Wundpflegeartikel.Furthermore, a kit for acute, emergency or military medical or chronic care is provided, comprising a wound care article according to the invention.
Variantenvariants
Vorzugsweise besteht eine ggf. vorgesehene Hülle aus zumindest teilweise auch aus einem hydrophobem Material, beispielsweise aus Polypropylen oder aus einem hydrophob ausgerüsteten Naturmaterial, wie Baumwolle. Die hydrophoben Eigenschaften der Hülle verhindern das Verkleben mit der Wundoberfläche und tragen dazu bei, dass das Wundexsudat schneller ins Innere der Hülle gelangen kann.Preferably, a possibly provided casing consists at least partially of a hydrophobic material, for example of polypropylene or of a hydrophobically finished natural material, such as cotton. The hydrophobic properties of the sheath prevent it from sticking to the wound surface and help the wound exudate to reach the inside of the sheath more quickly.
Die Hülle kann auch aus einem anderen Kunststoff, insbesondere einer Polyurethan- oder Polyethylenfolie oder aus künstlicher Spinnenseiden Folie hergestellt sein.The casing may also be made of another plastic, in particular a polyurethane or polyethylene film or of artificial spider silk film.
Das Material der Hülle kann derart strukturiert sein, dass die Hülle eine raue Innenfläche und eine glatte Außenfläche aufweist. Vorzugsweise ist die raue Innenfläche der Hülle durch trichterförmige Perforationen gebildet, die sich jeweils in Richtung Innenfläche verjüngen und in eine freie Öffnungskante (, Auskragung") auslaufen. Diese raue Innenfläche wirkt den Verschiebungen des Inhaltes der Hülle entgegen, so dass auf eine Fixierung mit Klebepunkten verzichtet werden kann. Dementsprechend kann die glatte Außenfläche des Hüllenmaterials durch gewölbte, sich zwischen den Perforationen erstreckende Materialabschnitte gebildet sein. Ein solches Hüllenmaterial kann im Gegensatz zu einem beidseitig ebenen als „dreidimensional" bezeichnet werden, und ist aus z.B. aus der DE 102006017194 der Anmelderin der vorliegenden Anmeldung bekannt, auf deren Offenbarungsgehalt hier vollumfänglich verwiesen wird.The material of the sheath may be structured such that the sheath has a rough inner surface and a smooth outer surface. Preferably, the rough inner surface of the sheath is formed by funnel-shaped perforations, each tapering towards the inner surface and terminating in a free opening edge ("projection") .This rough inner surface counteracts the displacements of the contents of the sheath such that it is adhered with adhesive dots Accordingly, the smooth outer surface of the sheath material may be formed by curved portions of material extending between the perforations, such sheath material may be referred to as "three-dimensional" as opposed to a bilaterally planar one, and is made of, for example: from the DE 102006017194 the applicant of the present application, the disclosure content of which is fully referenced here.
Bevorzugt ist in diesem Zusammenhang außerdem vorgesehen, dass der Wundpflegeartikel außerdem mindestens einen nutritiven, mindestens einen desinfizierenden bzw. dekontaminierenden und/oder mindestens einen Proteasen hemmend wirkenden Wirkstoff und/oder Wirkstoffkomplex aufweist.
Bei dem desinfizierend wirkenden Wirkstoff und/oder Wirkstoffkomplex kann es sich z.B. um eine Zusammensetzung aus mindestens einem Vitamin oder Vitaminderivat, einem Metallion sowie einem Detergenz handeln. Ebenso kann es sich dabei um einen BLIS (bacteriocin like inhibitory substance) oder um beschichtete magnetische Partikel handeln.In this context, it is also preferably provided that the wound care article also has at least one nutritive active ingredient and / or active ingredient complex which has at least one disinfecting or decontaminating and / or at least one protease inhibiting action. The disinfectant active ingredient and / or active substance complex may be, for example, a composition of at least one vitamin or vitamin derivative, a metal ion and a detergent. It may also be an BLIS (bacteriocin like inhibitory substance) or coated magnetic particles.
Bei dem nutritiv wirkenden Wirkstoff und/oder Wirkstoffkomplex kann es sich um eine Zusammensetzung enthaltend mindestens die Bestandteile eines enteralen und/oder parenteralen Diätetikums handeln. Ebenso kann es sich dabei um mindestens ein Wirkelement ausgewählt aus der Gruppe enthaltend Insulin, rekombinantes Insulin, Proinsulin, einen insulinähnlichen Wachstumsfaktor (Insulin- like growth factor, IGF), ein Insulinmimetikum und/oder einen diabetikerspezifischen, nicht glucose- bzw. saccharosebasierenden Energieträger handeln.The nutritive active ingredient and / or active ingredient complex may be a composition containing at least the components of an enteral and / or parenteral dietetics. It may also be at least one active element selected from the group containing insulin, recombinant insulin, proinsulin, an insulin-like growth factor (IGF), an insulin mimetic and / or a diabetic-specific, non-glucose- or sucrose-based energy carrier ,
Bei dem Proteasen hemmend wirkenden Wirkstoff und/oder Wirkstoffkomplex kann es sich um mindestens ein Wirkelement ausgewählt aus der Gruppe enthaltend Proteasehemmer, su- perabsorbierende Polymere, Chelatoren für zweiwertige Kationen, Kollagen, beschichtete magnetische Partikel, Säuren, Puffer, nicht pathogene säureproduzierende Mikroorganismen, Probiotika und/oder Symbiotika handeln.The protease-inhibiting active substance and / or active substance complex may be at least one active element selected from the group comprising protease inhibitors, superabsorbent polymers, chelators for divalent cations, collagen, coated magnetic particles, acids, buffers, non-pathogenic acid-producing microorganisms, probiotics and / or symbiotics.
Weitere Zusammenhänge und Hintergründe zu den nutritiven, einen desinfizierenden bzw. dekontaminierenden und/oder Proteasen hemmend wirkenden Wirkstoffen und/oder Wirkstoffkomplexen sind in der DE 102007030931 der Anmelderin der vorliegenden Anmeldung beschrieben, auf deren Inhalt hier vollumfänglich Bezug genommen wird. In der DE 102007030931 sind auch weitere nutritive, desinfizierende bzw. dekontaminierende und/oder Proteasen hemmend wirkende Wirkstoffen und/oder Wirkstoffkomplexe beschrie- ben, die ebenfalls als in dieser Anmeldung offenbart gelten sollen.Further relationships and background to the nutritive, a disinfecting or decontaminating and / or proteases inhibiting agents and / or active substance complexes are described in the DE 102007030931 the applicant of the present application, the contents of which reference is made here in their entirety. DE 102007030931 also describes further nutritive, disinfecting or decontaminating and / or protease-inhibiting active substances and / or active substance complexes which are likewise to be regarded as disclosed in this application.
Dem Wundpflegeartikel können Substanzen zugefügt sein, die den osmotischen Druck erhöhen können. Zu den Substanzen zählen z. B. Osmodiuretika, wie Mannitol.The wound care article may be added substances that can increase the osmotic pressure. The substances include z. B. Osmodiuretics, such as mannitol.
Mineralische Ionenaustauscher, wie Zeolithe, Bentonite oder Montmarylinite, können ebenfalls Bestandteil des Wundpflegeartikels, insbesondere seiner Matte sein. Zeolithe können u. a. Schadstoffe, wie Schwermetalle, absorbieren. Überdies entfalten sie eine blutstillende Wirkung.
Weiterhin kann der erfindungsgemäße Wundpflegeartikel auch in ein Wundversorgungssystem zur Wunddrainage unter Einsatz von Unterdruck eingebracht sein. Solche Systeme sind z.B. in den Schriften DE202004017052, WO2006048246 und DE202004018245 der Anmelderin der vorliegenden Erfindung offenbart, deren Offenbarungsgehalt der vorliegenden Er- findung als zugehörig betrachtet sein soll.Mineral ion exchangers, such as zeolites, bentonites or montmarylinites, may also be part of the wound care article, in particular its mat. Zeolites can, inter alia, absorb pollutants, such as heavy metals. Moreover, they develop a hemostatic effect. Furthermore, the wound care article according to the invention can also be introduced into a wound care system for wound drainage using negative pressure. Such systems are disclosed, for example, in the publications DE202004017052, WO2006048246 and DE202004018245 by the applicant of the present invention, the disclosure content of which is considered to belong to the present invention.
Aus erstgenannter ist eine Vorrichtung zur Wundbehandlung unter Einsatz von Unterdruck bekannt, aufweisend ein gasdichtes Wundabdeckungselement , das im am Körper des Patienten angelegten Zustand einen zwischen der jeweiligen Wunde und dem Wundabdeckungs- element verbleibenden Raum bildet, und wenigstens eine Anschlussstelle, die mit dem Raum in Kontakt steht und über welche die im Raum befindliche Luft evakuiert werden kann, wobei das Wundabdeckungselement von wenigstens einem flächenhaften, die Wundsekrete aufnehmenden Wundpflegeartikel unterlegt ist, dessen Volumen im Laufe des Absorptionsprozesses zunimmt, so dass die absorbierten Wundsekrete innerhalb des Wundpflegeartikels und damit unterhalb des Wundabdeckungselementes bis zur Entfernung des Wundpflegeartikels aus dem Körper des Patienten verbleiben, der Wundpflegeartikel wenigstens eine Lage eines mit Superabsorbentien angereicherten Textilabschnittes ist, die mit einer flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Hülle umgeben ist, und die Lage in Draufsicht auf ihre Flachseite eine Fläche hat, die 3% bis 90% kleiner als die der Hülle ist, damit sich der Wundpflegeartikel in der Nähe seiner gesamten Füllungskapazität im Querschnitt einer Kreisform annähern kann.From the former, a device for wound treatment using negative pressure is known, comprising a gastight wound covering element, which forms a space remaining between the respective wound and the wound covering element in the state applied to the body of the patient, and at least one connection point which coincides with the space in Contact is and over which the air in the room can be evacuated, wherein the wound covering element is underlaid by at least one area, the Wundsekrete receiving wound care article whose volume increases in the course of the absorption process, so that the absorbed wound secretions within the wound care article and thus below the wound covering element remain until removal of the wound care article from the body of the patient, the wound care article is at least one layer of a superabsorbent enriched textile section, which is surrounded by a liquid-permeable shell, and di e layer in plan view on its flat side has a surface that is 3% to 90% smaller than that of the shell, so that the wound care article can approach in the vicinity of its entire filling capacity in the cross section of a circular shape.
Aus zweitgenannter ist ein Mehrkomponentenverband zur Wundbehandlung des menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers unter Einsatz von Unterdruck bekannt, aufweisend: ein Wundabdeckungselement zur Anbringung an Hautund Schleimhautoberfläche, wenigstens eine Anschlussstelle, die mit dem Wundraum in Kontakt steht und über welche die im Wundraum befindlichen Stoffe evakuiert werden können, wobei dieser superabsorbierende Polymere aufweist, wobei die absorbierten Wundsekrete an Polymere gebunden im Wundraum bis zur Entfernung aus dem Wundraum verbleiben, wobei die Polymere durch ihre Bindungskapazität wechselseitige Synergien mit den subatmo- sphärischen Drücken unterstützen.From the second mentioned a multi-component dressing for wound treatment of the human or animal body using negative pressure is known, comprising: a wound covering element for attachment to the skin and mucosal surface, at least one connection point which is in contact with the wound space and over which the substances located in the wound space can be evacuated which comprises superabsorbent polymers, wherein the absorbed wound secretions remain bound to polymers in the wound space until they are removed from the wound space, the polymers, by virtue of their binding capacity, assisting mutual synergies with the subatmospheric pressures.
Aus letztgenannter ist eine Drainagevorrichtung zur Wundbehandlung unter Einsatz von Unterdruck bekannt, aufweisend ein gasdichtes, aus folienartigem Material bestehendes Wundabdeckungselement, das im am Körper des Patienten angelegten Zustand an der Hautoberflä-
che um den Wundbereich herum adhäsiv befestigt ist und einen zwischen der jeweiligen Wunde und dem Wundabdeckungselement verbleibenden, abgedichteten Raum bildet, wenigstens einen Drainageschlauch, der in den Raum einsetzbar ist, über den die im Raum befindlichen Stoffe evakuiert werden können, und wenigstens einen innerhalb des Raumes an- geordneten, die Wundsekrete aufsaugenden Wundpflegeartikel, der wenigstens eine Lage eines mit Superabsorbentien angereicherten Textilabschnittes aufweist, die mit einer flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Hülle umgeben ist, wobei die absorbierten Wundsekrete innerhalb des Wundpflegeartikel und damit unterhalb des Wundabdeckungselementes bis zur Entfernung des Wundpflegeartikel aus dem Körper des Patienten verbleiben, und wobei das Wundabde- ckungselement eine gasdicht verschliessbare Behandlungsöffnung aufweist, durch die der Wundpflegeartikel in den Raum einlegbar und aus dem Raum entnehmbar ist.From the latter, a drainage device for wound treatment using negative pressure is known, comprising a gas-tight, consisting of sheet-like material wound covering element, which in the applied to the body of the patient state on the Hautoberflä- is adhesively secured around the wound area and forms a sealed space remaining between the respective wound and the wound covering element, at least one drainage tube insertable into the space through which the substances in the space can be evacuated and at least one within the space At least one layer of a superabsorbent-enriched textile section surrounded by a liquid-permeable sheath, wherein the absorbed wound secretions within the wound care article and thus below the wound covering element until removal of the wound care article from the body of the wound Patients remain, and wherein the Wundabde- ckungselement has a gas-tight sealable treatment opening through which the wound care article can be inserted into the room and removed from the room.
Der Erfindungsgemäße Wundpflegartikel kann überdies einen an anatomische Gegebenheiten angepasste Form aufweisen. Hierzu kann er z.B. in Form einer Manschette ausgebildet sein; die über den einen Arm oder ein Bein oder ein Gelenk gestülpt werden kann, oder in Form eines an die Ferse, das Ellenbogengelenk oder dergleichen angepaßten Verbandes.The wound care article of the invention may moreover have a shape adapted to anatomical conditions. For this he can e.g. be designed in the form of a cuff; which can be slipped over the one arm or a leg or a joint, or in the form of an adapted to the heel, the elbow joint or the like Association.
Der erfindungsgemäße Wundpflegartikel kann außerdem so ausgebildet sein, dass er sich zur Umlage um eine chirurgisch angelegte Leitung eignet. Hierzu kann der Wundpflegeartikel z.B. wenigstens einen Schlitz aufweisen, der es ermöglicht, den Verband am Körper eines Patienten um eine Leitung (z.B. eine Drainageleitung oder einen Kathether) umzulegen, wobei dem Wundpflegeartike ein zweiter, ebenfalls flächenhafter Wundpflegeartikel zugeordnet ist, der von dem ersten Wundpflegeartikel in einem Abstand liegt, wobei der Abstand durch einen Verbindungsstreifen oder -steg überbrückt ist. Ein solcher Wundpflegartikel ist z.B. aus der DE202006005966 der Anmelderin der vorliegenden Erfindung bekannt, deren Inhalt vollumfänglich dem Offenbarungsgehalt der vorliegenden Beschreibung hinzugefügt werden soll.The wound care article according to the invention may also be designed so that it is suitable for transfer around a surgically applied line. For this, the wound care article may e.g. at least one slit, which makes it possible to transfer the bandage on the body of a patient by a conduit (eg a drainage line or a catheter), the wound care article is associated with a second, also planar wound care article, which is at a distance from the first wound care article, wherein the distance is bridged by a connecting strip or web. Such a wound care article is e.g. from the DE202006005966 the applicant of the present invention, the contents of which should be fully added to the disclosure of the present description.
Ebenso ist in diesem Zusammenhang bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der Wundpflegeartikel min- destens ein Agenz aufweist, das die Blutung oder die Blutungsneigung einschränken kann.Likewise, it is preferably provided in this context that the wound care article has at least one agent which can restrict the bleeding or bleeding tendency.
Bei besagtem Agens kann es sich um mindestens einen chemisch und/oder physiologisch wirkenden Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoffkomplex oder um mindestens ein physikalisch wirkendes Wirkelement handeln. Ein solcher Wundpflegeartikel ist z.B. aus der DE 10 2007 030 931 der Anmelderin der vorliegenden Anmeldung bekannt.
Hierzu kann der Wundpflegeartikel beispielsweiseSaid agent may be at least one chemically and / or physiologically acting active substance or active substance complex or at least one physically acting active element. Such a wound care article is known, for example, from DE 10 2007 030 931 of the applicant of the present application. For this purpose, the wound care article, for example
• als im wesentlichen flacher Materialabschnitt aufweisend Absorptionsmaterial, der aus einem aufsaugenden Vlies mit darin verteilten superabsorbierenden Polymeren sowie mindestens einem chemisch und/oder physiologisch wirkende Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoffkomplex ausgebildet sein,As substantially flat material section comprising absorption material which is formed from an absorbent fleece with superabsorbent polymers distributed therein and at least one chemically and / or physiologically active agent or complex of active substances,
• als oder in Kombination mit einem Druck- oder Kompressionsverband,• as or in combination with a compression or compression bandage,
• als eine Kombination aus einer primären, nicht oder nur unwesentlich absorbierenden Wundauflage, die mindestens einen chemisch und/oder physiologisch wirkenden Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoffkomplex aufweist, und einer peripher von dieser primärenAs a combination of a primary, non-insubstantially or only insubstantially absorbent wound dressing which has at least one chemically and / or physiologically acting active substance or active substance complex, and one peripheral of this primary one
Wundauflage angeordneten sekundären Wundauflage, die superabsorbierende Polymere enthält, wobei ggf. zwischen beiden eine Diffusionsbarriere angeordnet ist,Wound dressing arranged secondary wound dressing, which contains superabsorbent polymers, wherein if necessary a diffusion barrier is arranged between them,
• in Form eines Verbandpäckchens, aufweisend eine primäre Wundauflage mit mindestens einem chemisch und/oder physiologisch wirkenden Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoff- komplex sowie einem an der Wundauflage angeordneten Wickelabschnitt, der zumindest abschnittsweise superabsorbierende Polymere aufweist, und/oderIn the form of a bandage packet, comprising a primary wound dressing with at least one chemically and / or physiologically acting active substance or active substance complex and a wound section arranged on the wound dressing, which has superabsorbent polymers at least in sections, and / or
• als Materialabschnitt mit einer Längserstreckung aufweisend Absorptionsmaterial, wobei der Materialabschnitt elastisch verformbare Eigenschaften aufweist, und wobei der Materialabschnitt superabsorbierende Polymere sowie ggf. mindestens einen che- misch und/oder physiologisch wirkende Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoffkomplex aufweistAs a material section having a longitudinal extent comprising absorbent material, the material section having elastically deformable properties, and wherein the material section has superabsorbent polymers and optionally at least one chemically and / or physiologically acting active substance or active substance complex
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem chemisch und/oder physiologisch wirkenden Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoffkomplex um mindestens einen Stoff bzw. eine Zusammensetzung, die Blutstillende Eigenschaften aufweist. Diese Stoffe sind unter dem Oberbegriff „Hämostatika" be- kannt.The chemically and / or physiologically acting active ingredient or active substance complex is preferably at least one substance or a composition which has haemostatic properties. These substances are known under the generic term "hemostats".
Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem chemisch und/oder physiologisch wirkenden Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoffkomplex um mindestens einen Stoff bzw. eine Zusammensetzung, die Blutstillende Eigenschaften aufweist. Diese Stoffe sind unter dem Oberbegriff „Hämostatika" be- kannt.The chemically and / or physiologically acting active ingredient or active substance complex is preferably at least one substance or a composition which has haemostatic properties. These substances are known under the generic term "hemostats".
Bei dem physikalisch wirkenden Wirkelement handelt es sich z.B. um eine Abbindung, ein Druckpolster, einen Druckverband oder einen Kompressionsverband.
DefinitionenThe physically acting active element is, for example, a setting, a pressure pad, a compression bandage or a compression bandage. definitions
Der Begriff "Wundpflegeartikel" soll im Folgenden insbesondere eine Wundauflage, bevorzugt eine flächige Wundauflage oder ein Wundpflegetuch bezeichnen. Besagte Wundauflage kann dabei sowohl absorbierend als auch nicht oder nur unwesentlich absorbierend ausgestaltet sein. Insbesondere kann der Begriff "Wundpflegeartikel" auch als ein Ensemble verschiedener Produkte verstanden werden, die in einer gegebenen Anordnung auf der zu behandelnden Wunde angeordnet werden. Dieses Ensemble kann eine physikalische Einheit bilden, indem die verschiedenen Produkte in einer gemeinsamen Hülle zusammengefasst oder - ggf. ohne Hülle - adhäsiv miteinander verbunden sind. Das Ensemble kann jedoch auch in Form eines Kits vorliegen, bei dem die verschiedenen Produkte mithilfe einer Wickel in der gegebenen Anordnung auf der zu behandelnden Wunde angeordnet sind.In the following, the term "wound care article" is intended in particular to designate a wound dressing, preferably a flat wound dressing or a wound care cloth. Said wound dressing can be designed to be both absorbent and non-absorbent or only insubstantially absorbent. In particular, the term "wound care article" may also be understood as an ensemble of various products placed in a given arrangement on the wound to be treated. This ensemble can form a physical unit by the various products are combined in a common shell or - if necessary, without a shell - are adhesively bonded together. However, the ensemble may also be in the form of a kit in which the various products are placed on the wound to be treated by means of a coil in the given arrangement.
Bevorzugt kann dabei vorgesehen sein, dass der Wundpflegeartikel als Spülkörper fungiert. Hiezu ist vorgesehen, dass der Wundpflegeartikel vor Aufbringen auf die Wunde mit einer physiologischen Lösung (z.B. 0.9 % Kochsalz, Ringerlösung oder dergleichen) getränkt wird oder entsprechend getränkt vorkonfektioniert vorliegt. Ein solcher Wundpflegeartikel gibt während der Verwendung kontinuierlich Flüssigkeit an die Wunde ab, spült diese und nimmt Exsudat, Zelltrümmer, nekrotische Bestandteile, Bakterien, Debris und dergleichen auf. Spül- körper dieser art sind unter dem Markennamen TenderWet bekannt.It can preferably be provided that the wound care article acts as a rinsing body. For this purpose, it is provided that the wound care article before soaking on the wound with a physiological solution (for example, 0.9% saline, Ringer's solution or the like) is soaked or impregnated suitably prefabricated. Such a wound care article continuously releases liquid to the wound during use, rinses it, and absorbs exudate, cell debris, necrotic components, bacteria, debris, and the like. This type of toilet bowl is known under the brand name TenderWet.
Der Begriff „Vlies" bezeichnet ein textiles Flächengebilde aus einzelnen Fasern, das im Gegensatz zu Geweben, Gestricken und Gewirken nicht aus Garnen hergestellt wird. Vliese behalten ihre strukturelle Integrität i.d.R. durch Haftung der einzelnen Fasern aneinander. Sie werden auch als „Nonwovens" bezeichnet, und z.B. durch Walken der Fasern hergestellt.The term "nonwoven" refers to a textile fabric of individual fibers which, unlike woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and knitted fabrics, is not made of yarns Nonwovens tend to retain their structural integrity as a result of the adhesion of the individual fibers and are referred to as "nonwovens". and eg made by swaging the fibers.
Der Begriff "Airlaid" bezeichnet einen speziellen Vliesstoff aus Zellstoff und Polyolefϊnfa- sern, in den ggf. superabsorbierende Polymere eingebettet sind.The term "airlaid" refers to a special nonwoven fabric made of cellulose and polyolefins, in which superabsorbent polymers are embedded, if necessary.
Der Begriff "Exsudat" bezeichnet eine über die entzündlichen Prozesse des Wundödems vom Blutplasma abgeleitete Wundflüssigkeit. So wie das Blut für den Transport von Nährstoffen und anderen Botenstoffen und damit für die Versorgung verschiedener Teile des Körpers verantwortlich ist, dient das Exsudat auf ganz ähnliche Weise der Versorgung des Wundbettes und der darin ablaufenden Heilungsprozesse. Um dieser Vielzahl an Funktionen gerecht zu
werden, enthält es ein breites Spektrum an Komponenten, woraus ein spezifisches Gewicht resultiert, das leicht oberhalb dessen von Wasser liegt. Darin unterscheidet es sich auch vom Transsudat, welches von nicht-entzündlichen Prozessen abgeleitet ist und ein deutlich geringeres spezifisches Gewicht mit einem geringen Zell- und Proteingehalt aufweist. Neben der Bereitstellung von Nährstoffen für die Fibroblasten und Epithelzellen koordiniert das Exsudat die verschiedenen Prozesse der Wundheilung zeitlich und räumlich durch seinen hohen Gehalt an Wachstumsfaktoren und Zytokinen. Diese werden vor allem durch Thrombozyten, Keratinozyten, Makrophagen und Fibroblasten gebildet. Sie beeinflussen die Motilität, Migration und Proliferation der verschiedenen an der Wundheilung beteiligten Zellen. So wird das Einwandern von Zellen in den Wundgrund ebenso gefordert wie die Versorgung des neugebildeten Granulationsgewebes durch die Angiogenese. Auch die Wundreinigung wird durch das Exsudat unterstützt. Es enthält verschiedene Serin-, Cystein- und Aspartatproteasen sowie Matrix-Metalloproteasen, die in ihrer Aktivität streng reguliert irreversibel geschädigtes Gewebe abbauen und somit das Wundbett für die nachfolgenden Phasen der Heilung vor- bereiten.The term "exudate" refers to a wound fluid derived from the blood plasma via the inflammatory processes of wound edema. Just as the blood is responsible for the transport of nutrients and other messengers and thus for the supply of various parts of the body, the exudate serves in a similar way the supply of the wound bed and the healing processes running in it. To cope with this multitude of functions It contains a wide range of components, resulting in a specific weight that is slightly above that of water. This is also different from the transudate, which is derived from non-inflammatory processes and has a significantly lower specific gravity with a low cell and protein content. In addition to providing nutrients to the fibroblasts and epithelial cells, exudate coordinates the various processes of wound healing both temporally and spatially through its high content of growth factors and cytokines. These are mainly formed by platelets, keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. They influence the motility, migration and proliferation of the various cells involved in wound healing. Thus, the infiltration of cells into the wound base is just as required as the supply of the newly formed granulation tissue by angiogenesis. The wound cleansing is also supported by the exudate. It contains various serine, cysteine and aspartate proteases as well as matrix metalloproteases, which in their activity strictly regulate irreversibly damaged tissue and thus prepare the wound bed for the subsequent phases of healing.
Bestandteile des physiologischen Exsudats sind insbesondere Salze, Glucose, Zytokine und Wachstumsfaktoren, Plasmaproteine, Proteasen (insbesondere Matrix-Metalloproteasen), Granulozyten und Makrophagen.Components of the physiological exudate are in particular salts, glucose, cytokines and growth factors, plasma proteins, proteases (in particular matrix metalloproteases), granulocytes and macrophages.
Unter dem Begriff „chemisch und/oder physiologisch wirkenden Wirkstoff bzw. Wirkstoff- komplex" sollen im Folgenden solche Wirkstoffe bzw. Wirkstoffkomplexe verstanden werden, die die Blutung oder die Blutungsneigung einzuschränken imstande sind, ohne dass dabei physikalische Kräfte angewendet werden müssen. Der Wirkungsweg ist hier eine chemische und/oder physiologische Interaktion mit dem Wundmilieu.The term "chemically and / or physiologically acting active ingredient or active substance complex" is to be understood in the following to mean those active substances or active ingredient complexes which are capable of limiting the bleeding or tendency to bleed, without having to use physical forces here a chemical and / or physiological interaction with the wound environment.
Unter dem Begriff "Wirkstoffkomplex" soll im Folgenden nicht nur ein Komplex im chemischen Sinne verstanden werden, sondern insbesondere eine Zusammensetzung synergistisch eine Wirkung hervorrufender Wirkstoffe.The term "active ingredient complex" is to be understood below not only a complex in the chemical sense, but in particular a composition synergistically an effect-inducing agents.
Unter dem Begriff "physikalisch wirkendes Wirkelement" soll im Folgenden ein Wirkelement verstanden werden, das auf physikalischem Wege, d.h. durch die Ausübung von Druck, Zug, Kälte und dergleichen, die Blutung oder die Blutungsneigung einzuschränken imstande ist.
Unter dem Begriff "Abbindung" soll im Folgenden eine notfallmedizinische Maßnahme verstanden werden, die in der Lage ist, den arteriellen Blutfluß z.B. in einer Gliedmaße zu stoppen, um so einen unvertretbaren Blutverlust in einer Wunde zu verhindern. Indikation für eine solche Abbindung sind in der Regel traumatische Einwirkungen, die zu einer Verletzun- gen mindestens einer Arterie führen.The term "physically acting active element" is to be understood in the following to mean an active element which is able to restrict the bleeding or tendency to bleed by physical means, ie by the exertion of pressure, tension, cold and the like. The term "ligature" is to be understood in the following an emergency medical measure, which is able to stop the arterial blood flow, for example, in a limb, so as to prevent an unacceptable loss of blood in a wound. Indications for such a ligation are usually traumatic effects that lead to injuries of at least one artery.
Unter dem Begriff "chronische Wunden" sollen Wunden verstanden werden, die nicht primär auf traumatische Einwirkungen zurückgehen. Zwar können traumatische Einwirkungen der ursprüngliche Auslöser einer solchen Wunde gewesen sein, aber die chronische Wunde zeichnet sich vor allem durch eine verzögerte Wundheilung auf. Chronische Wunden weisen häufig - wenn überhaupt - nur leichte Blutungen auf, dafür oftmals eine starke Exsudation.The term "chronic wounds" should be understood to mean wounds that are not primarily due to traumatic effects. Although traumatic effects may have been the original cause of such a wound, the chronic wound is characterized mainly by delayed wound healing. Chronic wounds often show only slight bleeding, if at all, and often a strong exudation.
Unter dem Begriff "leichte Blutung" soll eine Blutung verstanden werden, die nicht arteriellen Ursprungs ist, sondern ggf. venösen Ursprungs oder interstitiellen bzw. kapillaren Ursprungs, und die in jedem Fall so leicht ausfällt, dass sie nicht mittel- oder unmittelbar lebensbedrohend ist.The term "mild hemorrhage" is to be understood as a bleeding that is not of arterial origin, but possibly of venous origin or of interstitial or capillary origin, and which in any case is so mild that it is not directly or indirectly life-threatening.
Unter dem Begriff "akut blutende Wunden" sollen solche Wunden verstanden werden, die zu großen Blutverlusten führen. In der Regel sind hierfür arterielle Blutungen verantwortlich, die z.B. durch traumatische Einwirkungen verursacht werden. Akut blutende Wunden können u.U. mittel- oder unmittelbar lebensbedrohend sein. Aus diesem Grunde hat bei akut blutenden Wunden die Blutungsstillung eine sehr hohe Priorität.The term "acute bleeding wounds" should be understood to mean those wounds that lead to large blood losses. As a rule, arterial haemorrhages are responsible for this, e.g. caused by traumatic effects. Acute bleeding wounds may u.U. be directly or life threatening. For this reason bleeding is a very high priority in acute bleeding wounds.
Unter dem Begriff "Druckverband" soll im Folgenden der aus der Notfallmedizin bekannte Druckverband verstanden werden, Dieser besteht aus einem nicht zu harten, nicht saugfähigen Gegenstand (Druckpolster) ohne scharfe oder harte Kanten, der auf eine bereits abgedeckte Wunde aufgebracht wird und mithilfe einer Wickel mit mäßigem Zug befestigt wird. Durch den ausgeübten Druck wird die Durchblutung des betreffenden Körperteils gemindert und die traumatisch geöffneten Blutgefäße werden wieder geschlossen.The term "compression bandage" is to be understood in the following the known from emergency medicine pressure bandage, This consists of a not too hard, non-absorbent article (pressure pad) without sharp or hard edges, which is applied to an already covered wound and using a wrap is attached with a moderate draft. The pressure exerted reduces the circulation of the affected part of the body and the traumatically opened blood vessels are closed again.
Unter dem Begriff "nicht oder nur unwesentlich absorbierende Wundauflage" soll eine Wundauflage bezeichnen, die ein geringes Absorptionsvermögen für Flüssigkeiten aufweist. Insgesamt soll das Absorptionsvermögen dabei bei weniger als 60 Gew.-%, bevorzugt weniger als 20 Gew.-% des Trockengewichts der Wundauflage liegen. Primäre Aufgabe einer sol-
chen Wundauflage ist daher auch nicht die Aufnahme von Blut oder Exsudaten, sondern die Abgabe blutstillender Agenzien im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung.The term "non-absorbent or only slightly absorbent wound dressing" is intended to mean a wound dressing which has a low absorption capacity for liquids. Overall, the absorption capacity should be less than 60% by weight, preferably less than 20% by weight, of the dry weight of the wound dressing. Primary task of a Therefore, it is not the uptake of blood or exudates that is involved in the wound dressing, but the delivery of haemostatic agents in the context of the present invention.
Unter dem Begriff "Kompressionsverband" wird hingegen in aller Regel ein Verband verstanden, der ähnlich wie ein Druckverband wirkt, jedoch auf das genannte Druckpolster verzich- tet. Der Druck oder die Kompression auf die Wunde wird hierbei ausschließlich durch die Wickel ausgeübt. Hierbei kann das Wickelmaterial elastisch sein.By contrast, the term "compression bandage" as a rule is understood to mean a bandage which acts in a similar way to a compression bandage, but dispenses with the aforementioned pressure pad. The pressure or the compression on the wound is exerted exclusively by the winding. In this case, the wrapping material can be elastic.
Alginate werden aus den Braunalgen gewonnen und zu einem faserigen Vlies verwoben Chemisch handelt es sich um Polysaccharide, und zwar Calcium- und/oder Natrimsalze der Alginsäuren. Alginate können bis zum 20fachen ihres Eigengewichtes an Flüssigkeit aufnehmen, dabei wird das Wundexsudat in die Hohlräume eingelagert. Die im Alginatgitter enthaltenen Ca2+ Ionen werden gegen die Na+ Ionen aus dem Exsudat ausgetauscht, bis der Sättigungsgrad an Na-Ionen im Alginat erreicht ist. Dabei kommt es zu einem Aufquellen der Wundauflage und zur Umwandlung der Alginatfaser in einen Gelkörper durch Aufquellen der Fasern.Alginates are extracted from brown algae and woven into a fibrous web. Chemically, they are polysaccharides, calcium and / or sodium salts of alginic acids. Alginates can absorb up to 20 times their own weight of liquid, while the wound exudate is stored in the cavities. The Ca 2+ ions contained in the alginate lattice are exchanged with the Na + ions from the exudate until the degree of saturation of Na ions in the alginate is reached. This leads to a swelling of the wound dressing and the conversion of the alginate fiber into a gel body by swelling of the fibers.
Carboxymethylcellulose liegt insbesonderte in Form von Natriumcarboxymethylcellulose vor und ist unter dem Namen "Hydro faser" im Handel. In Hygiene- und Wundprodukten werden die Fasern in eine flächige Matrix überführt. Durch die Aufnahme von Flüssigkeit aus dem Wundexsudat werden die Fasern nach und nach in ein Gelkissen umgewandelt, das die Flüs- sigkeit hält und nicht wieder freigibt. Dabei sind die Fasern so aufgebaut, dass das Wundexsudat nur in vertikaler Richtung aufgenommen wird. Dies bedeutet dass, solange die Kapazität reicht, das Exsudat nicht über den Wundrand fließt. Auf diese Weise kann eine Wundrandmazeration effektiv verhindert werden.
Carboxymethylcellulose in particular is in the form of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and is commercially available under the name "Hydro Faser". In hygiene and wound products, the fibers are converted into a planar matrix. By absorbing fluid from the wound exudate, the fibers are gradually transformed into a gel pad that holds the liquid and does not release it again. The fibers are constructed so that the wound exudate is absorbed only in the vertical direction. This means that, as long as the capacity is sufficient, the exudate does not flow over the edge of the wound. In this way, wound edge maceration can be effectively prevented.
Zeichnungen und BeispieleDrawings and examples
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird durch die im Folgenden gezeigten und diskutierten Figuren und Beispiele genauer erläutert. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass die Figuren und Beispiele nur beschreibenden Charakter haben und nicht dazu gedacht sind, die Erfindung in irgendeiner Form einzuschränken.The present invention will be explained in more detail by the figures and examples shown and discussed below. It should be noted that the figures and examples have only descriptive character and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Die Figuren zeigen:The figures show:
Fig. 1 eine erste Ausfuhrungsform des Wundpflegeartikels, mit einem vliesartigen absorbierenden Körper, in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung;1 shows a first embodiment of the wound care article, with a nonwoven absorbent body, in a schematic sectional view;
Figuren 2a und 2b eine zweite Ausfuhrungsform des Wundpflegeartikels, mit einem umhüllten, gewebeartigen absorbierenden Körper, in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung;Figures 2a and 2b show a second embodiment of the wound care article, with a covered, tissue-like absorbent body, in a schematic sectional view;
Fig.3 einen Gewebeabschnitt, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;3 shows a tissue section, in a perspective view;
Fig.4 einen schlauchartigen Wundpflegeartikel, hergestellt aus dem Gewebe gemäß Fig. 3, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;4 shows a tube-like wound care article, made of the fabric according to FIG. 3, in a perspective view; FIG.
Fig. 5 eine andere Ausführungsform des Wundpflegeartikels, mit einem vliesartigen absorbierenden Körper und einer schaumstoffartigen Hülle, ebenfalls in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung;5 shows another embodiment of the wound care article, with a fleece-like absorbent body and a foam-like sheath, likewise in a schematic sectional representation;
Fig. 6 eine weitere Ausführungsform des Wundpflegeartikels gemäß Fig.l, jedoch mit einem sandwichartigen absorbierenden Vlieskern undFig. 6 shows another embodiment of the wound care article according to Fig.l, but with a sandwich-like absorbent nonwoven core and
Fig. 7 einen Wundpflegeartikel gemäß Fig. 2a, jedoch mit zusätzlicher flüssigkeitsundurchlässigen Einlage.7 shows a wound care article according to FIG. 2a, but with an additional liquid-impermeable insert.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Wundpflegeartikel 100 dargestellt, aufweisend eine flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Hülle 2 aus Polypropylenfolie von einem Flächengewicht 25 g/m2. Die Hülle 2 ist in Drauf- sieht auf ihre Flachseite rechteckig (vgl. Fig. 2b) und beinhaltet einen absorbierenden Körper 1, den vollständig umgibt. In einer weiteren, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die Hülle 2 kreisrund. Die Hülle 2 setzt sich aus zwei deckungsgleichen Hüllenwänden 2.1, 2.2 zusammen, die an ihrer Peripherie mit einer Ultraschallnaht 16 zusammengeschweißt sind.
Der absorbierende Körper 1 liegt in Form einer lockeren, luftigen Vliesschicht 11 vor, die aus superabsorbierenden Kurzschnittfasern (Stapelfasern) besteht. Die Eigenschaften der hochabsorbierenden Kurzfasern ergeben sich beispielsweise aus dem im Internet veröffentlichten Datenblatt des Herstellers, Firma Technical Absorbents, Grimsby, Großbritannien.In Fig. 1, a wound care article 100 is shown, comprising a liquid-permeable cover 2 made of polypropylene film of a basis weight 25 g / m 2 . The shell 2 is in plan view rectangular on its flat side (see Fig. 2b) and includes an absorbent body 1 which completely surrounds. In a further, not shown embodiment, the shell 2 is circular. The shell 2 is composed of two congruent shell walls 2.1, 2.2, which are welded together at their periphery with an ultrasonic seam 16. The absorbent body 1 is in the form of a loose, airy nonwoven layer 11 consisting of superabsorbent short cut fibers (staple fibers). The properties of the high-absorbency short fibers are evident, for example, from the datasheet published by the manufacturer, Technical Absorbents, Grimsby, Great Britain.
Die Kurzschnittfasern von einer Durchschnittslänge etwa 8 bis 10 mm verhaken sich miteinander und ermöglichen dadurch die Bildung der watteartigen Vliesschicht 11. Die flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Hülle 2 ist feinporig und ermöglicht das Durchdringen des Wundexsudats in den absorbierenden Körper 1 hinein. Diese feinporige Struktur stellt zugleich eine Sperre für die einzelnen Kurzfasern dar. Das Produkt kann sowohl mit seiner „linken" als auch „rech- ten" Flachseite auf die Wunde gelegt werden.The short cut fibers of an average length of about 8 to 10 mm interlock with each other, thereby enabling the formation of the cotton-like nonwoven layer 11. The liquid-permeable cover 2 is fine-pored and allows penetration of the wound exudate into the absorbent body 1. This fine-pored structure also acts as a barrier to the individual short fibers. The product can be placed on the wound with both its "left" and "right" flat sides.
Einen ähnlichen Wundpflegeartikel (Bezugszahl 200) zeigt Fig. 5. Den absorbierenden, watteartigen absorbierenden Körper 1 umgibt eine schaumstoffartige Hülle 12, deren Hüllenwände 12.1, 12.2 ebenfalls deckungsgleich und vermittels der peripheren Ultraschallnaht 16 miteinander verbunden sind. In die watteartige Vliesschicht 11 sind superabsorbierende pul- verige Partikeln 15 eingestreut. Die beiden Formen des superabsorbierenden Materials (Pulver bzw. Granulat und Kurzfasern) tragen einer wesentlich erhöhten Aufnahmefähigkeit des Körpers 3 bei. Als Material für die Hülle 12 ist feinporiger, therapeutisch wirksamer Polyurethanschaum vorgesehen.A similar wound care article (reference numeral 200) is shown in FIG. 5. The absorbent, cotton-like absorbent body 1 is surrounded by a foam-like sheath 12 whose sheath walls 12.1, 12.2 are likewise congruently connected to one another by means of the peripheral ultrasonic seam 16. In the cotton-like nonwoven layer 11 superabsorbent powdery particles 15 are interspersed. The two forms of the superabsorbent material (powder or granules and short fibers) contribute to a significantly increased absorption capacity of the body 3. As a material for the shell 12 is fine-pored, therapeutically effective polyurethane foam provided.
In Fig. 6 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform (Bezugszahl 300) des Wundpflegeartikels darge- stellt, bei der ein absorbierender Körper 3 in einer der bekannten Airlaid-Matte ähnelnden Form vorliegt. Der sandwichartige Körper 3 besteht aus einem Vlieskern 13 aus superabsorbierenden Kurzfasern und zwei celluloseartigen Deckschichten 14.1, 14.2. Den Körper 3 umgibt die bereits beschriebene Hülle 2. Der Vlieskern 13 kann auch andere textile Fasern, wie CMC-Fasern (nicht dargestellt), beinhalten.FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment (reference numeral 300) of the wound care article, in which an absorbent body 3 is present in a shape resembling the known airlaid mat. The sandwich-like body 3 consists of a nonwoven core 13 of superabsorbent short fibers and two cellulosic cover layers 14.1, 14.2. The body 3 surrounds the shell 2 already described. The nonwoven core 13 may also include other textile fibers, such as CMC fibers (not shown).
Wie bereits oben aufgeführt, können die superabsorbierenden Kurzfasern zu einem Garn versponnen werden, die beispielsweise durch die besagte Firma Technical Absorbents, Grimsby, hergestellt werden. Es wird bevorzugt, das superabsorbierende Garn von einem Durchmesser 0,3 mm bis 1,0 mm zur Herstellung von Wundverbänden zu verwenden. Dabei muss beachtet werden, dass der zunehmende Garndurchmesser der zunehmenden Absorptionsfähigkeit entspricht.
Eine Verwendung von Garnen 10 ist den nachstehenden Figuren 2a, 2b, 3, 4 und 7 beschrieben. So ist gemäß Fig. 3 aus Garnen 10 von einem Durchmesser 0,5 mm ein superabsorbierendes Gewebe 17 (vgl. Fig. 3) angefertigt, dessen Maschen etwa 2 bis 3 mm groß sind. Das superabsorbierende Gewebe 17 ist ganzflächig adhäsiv mit einer Abdeckfolie 18 verbunden. Eine punktweise Verklebung ist auch möglich. Das Gewebe 17 mit der darauf gelegten Abdeckfolie 18 bildet einen Wundpflegeartikel 400, der, falls auf eine nicht dargestellte Wunde aufgelegt wird, vorzugsweise von einem Wunddistanzgitter unterlegt ist.As noted above, the superabsorbent short fibers can be spun into a yarn made, for example, by said company Technical Absorbents, Grimsby. It is preferred to use the superabsorbent yarn of a diameter of 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm for the preparation of wound dressings. It should be noted that the increasing yarn diameter corresponds to the increasing absorption capacity. A use of yarns 10 is described in the following Figures 2a, 2b, 3, 4 and 7. Thus, according to Fig. 3, from yarns 10 of 0.5 mm in diameter, a superabsorbent fabric 17 (see Fig. 3) is made whose stitches are about 2 to 3 mm in size. The superabsorbent fabric 17 is adhesively bonded to a covering film 18 over the entire surface. A pointwise bonding is also possible. The fabric 17 with the cover sheet 18 laid thereon forms a wound care article 400 which, if applied to a wound, not shown, is preferably backed by a wound spacer grid.
In Fig. 4 ist ein Gewebeschlauch 19 dargestellt, der aus dem Garn 10 von einem beispielhaf- ten Durchmesser 0,3 mm gefertigt ist. Der Gewebeschlauch 19 weist 2 bis 3 mm große Maschen 21 auf, die sich beim Einsatz an der Wunde entsprechend vergrößern können, falls der Gewebeschlauch 19 über eine Extremität, z. B. Unterschenkel des Patienten umgestülpt wird und sich ausdehnt. Der superabsorbierende Gewebeschlauch 19 kann zugleich eine fixierende Funktion erfüllen. Der superabsorbierende Gewebeschlauch 19 stellt einen Wundpflegearti- kel 500 für Extremitäten dar.4, a fabric hose 19 is shown, which is made of the yarn 10 of an exemplary diameter of 0.3 mm. The fabric tube 19 has 2 to 3 mm meshes 21, which can increase accordingly when used on the wound, if the fabric tube 19 via a limb, z. B. lower leg of the patient is everted and expands. The superabsorbent fabric hose 19 can also fulfill a fixing function. The superabsorbent fabric tube 19 represents a wound care article 500 for extremities.
Gemäß den Figuren 2a und 2b ist innerhalb der Hülle 2 ein absorbierender Körper 4 untergebracht, bestehend aus dem in Fig. 3 beschriebenen, superabsorbierenden Gewebe 17. Die beiden Bestandteile bilden einen Wundpflegeartikel 600. Das superabsorbierende Gewebe 17 ist in Draufsicht auf seine Flachseite (vgl. Fig. 2b) ebenfalls rechteckig und hat etwa 25%- kleinere Ausmaße als die der Hülle 2, so dass sich das Gewebe während des Aufsaugvorgangs ungehindert entfalten kann.According to FIGS. 2 a and 2 b, an absorbent body 4 is accommodated inside the sheath 2, comprising the superabsorbent tissue 17 described in FIG. 3. The two components form a wound care article 600. The superabsorbent tissue 17 is shown in plan view on its flat side (cf. Fig. 2b) is also rectangular and has about 25% - smaller dimensions than that of the shell 2, so that the tissue can unfold unhindered during the absorption process.
Schließlich ist der Fig. 7 ein weiterer superabsorbierender Wundpflegeartikel 700 zu entneh- men, bestehend aus der Hülle 2 gemäß Fig. 1, einem absorbierenden Körper 4 (Gewebe 17) gemäß Figuren 2a und 2b sowie aus einem zwischen dem Gewebe 17 und der wundabge- wandten Hüllenwand 2.1 flach gelegten flüssigkeitsundurchlässigen Folienabschnitt 22. Der Folienabschnitt 22 erfüllt hier die Wäscheschutz-Funktion.
Finally, FIG. 7 shows a further superabsorbent wound care article 700, comprising the sheath 2 according to FIG. 1, an absorbent body 4 (tissue 17) according to FIGS. 2 a and 2 b and one between the tissue 17 and the wound dressing. shell wall 2.1 laid flat laid liquid-impermeable film portion 22. The film section 22 fulfills the laundry protection function here.
Claims
1. Wundpflegeartikel, aufweisend einen Anteil an superabsorbierenden Polymeren, wobei besagte superabsorbierende Polymere in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegen.A wound care article comprising a proportion of superabsorbent polymers wherein said superabsorbent polymers are in fiber and / or yarn form.
2. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faserform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere mindestens teilweise in Form einer Watte, eines Vlieses, eines Airlaids und/oder eines Nonwoven vorliegen.2. A wound care article according to claim 1, characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber form are present at least partially in the form of a wadding, a fleece, an airlaid and / or a nonwoven.
3. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere mindestens teilweise in Form eines Gewebes, eines Geleges, eines Gestricks und/oder eines Gewirkes vorliegen.3. A wound care article according to claim 1, characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in yarn form are present at least partially in the form of a woven fabric, a fabric, a knitted fabric and / or a knitted fabric.
4. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass der Wundpflegeartikel überdies einen Anteil an stützenden Fasern aufweist, die auch in feuchtem Zustand die Integrität der Wundauflage gewährleisten, wobei besagte Fasern ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe enthaltend4. A wound care article according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wound care article further comprises a proportion of supporting fibers which ensure the integrity of the wound dressing even when wet, said fibers being selected from the group comprising
a) Cellulosefasern, b) Viskosefasern, c) Alginatfasern, und/oder d) Polyester-, Polyolefme-, Polyurethan-, Polyvinylalkohol- oder Polymaidfasern, bzw. Mischungen oder Copolymere derselben.a) cellulose fibers, b) viscose fibers, c) alginate fibers, and / or d) polyester, polyolefm, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol or polymaid fibers, or mixtures or copolymers thereof.
5. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wundpflegeartikel neben besagten besagten Garnen oder Fasern mindestens einen weiteren Bestandteil aufweist ausgewählt aus der Gruppe enthaltend5. Wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wound care article in addition to said said yarns or fibers comprises at least one further constituent selected from the group comprising
a) hydroaktive Polymere, und/oder b) partikuläre superabsorbierende Polymere. a) hydroactive polymers, and / or b) particulate superabsorbent polymers.
6. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Be- standteil einer flächigen Matte und/oder einer flächigen Wundauflage sind.6. Wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a flat mat and / or a flat wound dressing.
7. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil eines dreidimensionalen Absorptionskörpers sind.7. Wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the present in fiber and / or yarn form superabsorbent polymers are part of a three-dimensional absorption body.
8. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil einer Hülle einer Wundauflage sind.8. Wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the present in fiber and / or yarn form superabsorbent polymers are part of a shell of a wound dressing.
9. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil eines Schaums sind.9. Wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the present in fiber and / or yarn form superabsorbent polymers are part of a foam.
10. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere auf eine10. A wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the present in fiber and / or yarn form superabsorbent polymers on a
Trägerlage aufgebracht sind.Carrier layer are applied.
11. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Polymere Bestandteil eines Tupfers, eines Wundtuchs, einer Wundauflage, einer Wundkompresse, eines Wundpolsters, einer Bandage oder eines Strumpfes sind.11. A wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superabsorbent polymers present in fiber and / or yarn form part of a swab, a wound wipe, a wound dressing, a wound compress, a wound pad, a bandage or a sock.
12. Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Faser- und/oder Garnform vorliegenden superabsorbierenden Bestandteil einer Bin- de oder Wickel sind, die ggf. elastische Eigenschaften aufweist.12. A wound care article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superabsorbent constituents present in fiber and / or yarn form are a binder or wound which optionally has elastic properties.
13. Verwendung eines Wundpflegeartikels gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche zur Behandlung von chronischen Wunden, akut blutenden Wunden, traumatisch erzeugte Wunden. 13. Use of a wound care article according to one of the preceding claims for the treatment of chronic wounds, acutely bleeding wounds, traumatically produced wounds.
14. Verwendung eines Wundpflegeartikels gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche zur operativen bzw. postoperativen Versorgung bzw. für militärische Zwecke.14. Use of a wound care article according to one of the preceding claims for operative or postoperative care or for military purposes.
15. Kit für die Akut-, Notfall- oder Militärmedizinische bzw. die chronische Versorgung, aufweisend einen Wundpflegeartikel gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche. 15. A kit for acute, emergency or military medical or chronic care, comprising a wound care article according to one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
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DE102007036755 | 2007-08-03 | ||
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DE102007036758.0 | 2007-08-03 | ||
DE102007049429A DE102007049429A1 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-10-14 | Wound care articles comprising superabsorbent polymers in fiber and / or yarn form |
DE102007049429.9 | 2007-10-14 |
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WO2009019227A2 true WO2009019227A2 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
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WO2009019227A3 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
DE102007049429A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
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