WO2009016972A1 - 光デバイス、光集積デバイス、及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
光デバイス、光集積デバイス、及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009016972A1 WO2009016972A1 PCT/JP2008/062969 JP2008062969W WO2009016972A1 WO 2009016972 A1 WO2009016972 A1 WO 2009016972A1 JP 2008062969 W JP2008062969 W JP 2008062969W WO 2009016972 A1 WO2009016972 A1 WO 2009016972A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- waveguide
- magneto
- optical device
- magnetic anisotropy
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/13—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B6/132—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method by deposition of thin films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/0009—Materials therefor
- G02F1/0036—Magneto-optical materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
- G02F1/093—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
- G02F1/095—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect in an optical waveguide structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical device used for optical communication, optical wiring, and optical storage, in particular, an optical device using optical nonreciprocity or polarization rotation using an optical waveguide using a magneto-optical material, and an integrated optical device integrated with the optical device. And to the manufacturing method thereof.
- Background art
- the present invention relates to an optical device using optical nonreciprocity and polarization rotation using an optical waveguide using a magneto-optical material. Therefore, an optical isolator which is a typical example of an optical device using optical nonreciprocity will be described first.
- An optical isolator is an element that has a function of transmitting light only in one direction and blocking light that attempts to propagate in the opposite direction.
- optical active devices such as optical amplifiers
- the operational characteristics of the devices deteriorate due to the incidence of light in the direction opposite to the intended state. Since optical isolators transmit light only in one direction, they can prevent unintentional light from entering the optical active element in the opposite direction, and are widely used in optical communications.
- the bulk type optical isolator is composed of a polarizer, a nonreciprocal element made of a magneto-optic material, a magnetic field generating magnet for controlling the magnetization direction of the magneto-optic material, and an analyzer pallet insulator.
- waveguide type optical isolators use magnetically grown garnets as waveguides on garnet substrates such as gadolinium 'gallium' garnet (GG).
- GG gadolinium 'gallium' garnet
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-560040
- an iron garnet containing La, Ga and Y is grown on a GGG substrate by a liquid phase epitaxial growth (LPE) method.
- LPE liquid phase epitaxial growth
- the waveguide layer is formed by controlling the refractive index by controlling the composition of the core layer and the cladding layer.
- a ridge is formed by wet etching to form a waveguide.
- Non-Patent Document 1 (T. Shintaku: Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 (1998) 1946.) also substituted Ce on (1 1 1) on a GGG substrate added with Ca, Mg and Zr.
- YIG garnet films are epitaxially grown by RF sputtering, and ridge-type waveguides are formed by reactive ion etching.
- the light guide direction and the magnetization direction must have a certain angle, and the magnetic direction is controlled by an external magnetic field by a magnet.
- the magnetization direction in order to use a waveguide made of a magneto-optic material as an optical device, the magnetization direction must be controlled by an external magnetic field.
- Magneto-optical materials grown epitaxially have strong repulsion and growth-induced magnetic anisotropy, and a technology for heat treatment at 100 ° C or higher to reduce them is disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-25). 3 3 9 5).
- heat treatment at 100 ° C. or higher is too high as the process temperature of the optical waveguide device.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 10-2 2 1 7 2 0 which provides a waveguide-type optical component with a switch function
- a waveguide of a magnetic garnet which is a magneto-optic material is disclosed.
- the magnetic garnet waveguide has an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape along the optical path, and uses the property that the magnetization direction is easily aligned in parallel with the traveling direction of light due to the shape magnetic anisotropy. As a result, no magnet is required to control the magnetization direction of the waveguide made of the magneto-optic material of the polarization rotation part.
- the magnetic ⁇ "raw garnet waveguide has strong growth-induced magnetic anisotropy because it grows epitaxially on the substrate. Therefore, only the shape magnetic anisotropy without an external magnetic field due to the magnet However, it is difficult to control the magnetization direction, and it has the disadvantage of causing a decrease in polarization rotation angle and long-term fluctuation.
- L S I such as CPU and memory
- an active optical element such as an optical switch and laser
- Hybrid non-reciprocal elements on silicon substrates have been proposed so far.
- the optical reciprocal element is composed of a nonreciprocal mode converter and a reciprocal mode converter.
- a magnetic garnet waveguide is used only for the nonreciprocal part, and a half-wave plate is inserted in the reciprocal part.
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-0240. It is disclosed.
- SOI substrate includes a core layer made of silicon crystal, a first cladding layer consisting of S i 0 2 is an insulator, a holding member for holding them, the first clad layer consisting of S i 0 2 Are laminated in three layers as an intermediate layer.
- a magneto-optic waveguide having a magnetic garnet / silicon silicon dioxide structure in which a second cladding layer made of magnetic garnet is bonded to the surface of the core layer of the SO I substrate is disclosed. Again bondy It is necessary to control the magnetization direction of the bent magnetic garnet with an external magnetic field. In addition, since single crystal magnetic garnets are bonded together, there is a drawback that it is difficult to make small size and expensive.
- Non-Patent Document 3 SY Sung et al:. .. Appl Phys Lett 87 (2005) 12111
- a method for forming a YIG garnet film has been reported by RF sputtering on the M g O and S i O 2.
- After forming an amorphous film on the substrate it is crystallized by annealing using the RTA method to form a polycrystal. Crystallization requires a high annealing temperature of 750 ° C or higher.
- the ultrafine particle brittle material supplied on the substrate is subjected to mechanical impact and pulverized to join the ultrafine particle brittle materials or between the ultrafine particle brittle materials and the ultrafine particle brittle material and the substrate. It is characterized by. This realizes bonding between ultrafine particles, and forms a high-density and high-strength film without applying heat.
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 2 0-2 3 5 1 8 1 relates to a structure formed by the AD method.
- the structure is a polycrystalline body having no crystal orientation, and is characterized by having substantially no grain boundary layer composed of a glass layer.
- Studies on thin film forming of highly transparent electro-optic materials using this AD method have been made (Non-Patent Document 5; Masafumi Nakada et al: J. of Crys. Growth, 275 (20 05) 1275).
- the transmission loss of the AD film which is the basic characteristic of the optical element, is It has been clarified that this is due to Rayleigh scattering of fine particles forming the shape and non-shaped fine particles having different refractive indexes.
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 5-1 8 1 9 95
- a manufacturing method thereof relates to an optical element by AD method, an optical integrated device, an optical information propagation system, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- it is an optical element in which a molded body is formed by an impact solidification phenomenon in which a mechanical impact force is applied to an ultrafine particle brittle material supplied on a substrate to pulverize and bond the ultrafine particle brittle material.
- this optical element contained in this optical element is different from the main constituent of the molded body and the wavelength X (nm) of the light transmitted through the molded body between, is characterized in that there is a relation of (1 6 Bruno 4 ⁇ 4 X 1 0- 5 nm 2.
- an isolator has been described as an example of a device using nonreciprocity
- an optical circulator as another optical nonreciprocal device.
- the optical circuit is composed of a magneto-optic waveguide, similar to an optical isolator.
- the polarization direction of the light propagating in the waveguide can be controlled by using the polarization rotation property of the magneto-optical material, and an optical device such as a polarization equalizer can be configured. Disclosure of the invention
- waveguide-type devices using magneto-optic materials have been studied for a long time, but have not been put to practical use. For this reason, it is necessary to form a magnetic garnet used as a magneto-optical material on a substrate. However, it is difficult to grow magnetic garnet on a single crystal substrate such as GGG. Alternatively, since ⁇ Aniru is required, S I_ ⁇ 2, S i, integration with waveguide and substrate of III one V group compound semiconductor or the like due to the difficulty. For this reason, the advantages of the waveguide type (such as downsizing and cost reduction) are lost. In addition, the formation process causes magnetic anisotropy, and an external magnetic field is required to control the magnetization direction. The integration of the magnets necessary to generate the external magnetic field makes the optical device more complex and expensive.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art. Is obtained by integrating a magneto-optical waveguide with high magneto-optical effect and easy integration with other optical elements, and an optical device using the same, and other semiconductor optical elements. It is to provide an integrated optical device.
- the optical device of the present invention is an optical waveguide at least partly made of a magneto-optic material, and the magneto-optic material is a polycrystalline material polycrystalline material having no lattice matching with the base material.
- the optical waveguide has no magnetic anisotropy due to the inverse magnetostriction effect caused by thermal strain, and the magnetization direction of the optical waveguide is the same as the traveling direction of light passing through the waveguide due to shape magnetic anisotropy. It is the floor.
- the optical integrated device of the present invention includes an optical device having an optical waveguide structure having a waveguide layer of a magneto-optical material, and a second optical device integrated on a substrate, wherein the second optical device is It is characterized by being one of a laser, an electro-optic converter, an opto-electric converter, an optical amplifier, an optical switch or an optical filter.
- the second optical device instead of the second optical device, electronic circuits can be integrated on the substrate.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that the magneto-optical material is formed by an aerosol deposition method.
- a magneto-optical waveguide having a high magneto-optical effect and easy to be integrated with other optical elements, an optical device using the same, and integration of these with other optical elements and semiconductor optical elements It is possible to provide an optical integrated device obtained by the process.
- Fig. 1 shows the magnetization curve of a Bi-substituted YIG garnet.
- FIG. 2 shows an X-ray diffraction pattern of a Bi-substituted YIG garnet.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide using a magneto-optic material.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a film forming apparatus used in the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- Figure 1 shows the magnetization curve of a Bi-substituted YIG garnet.
- Figure 2 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the Bi-substituted YIG garnet.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide using the magneto-optical material of this example.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a film forming apparatus used in the present invention.
- Magnetic anisotropy other than shape magnetic anisotropy can be reduced by forming a waveguide without annealing, using a magneto-optic material made of a polycrystalline material that is not lattice-matched with the underlying material.
- the magnetic field direction of the optical waveguide can be made the same as the traveling direction of the light passing through the waveguide due to the shape magnetic anisotropy without a magnet.
- the magnetic anisotropy of the magnetic gantry used in the magneto-optic material is mainly caused by the following four types. That is, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, growth-induced magnetic anisotropy, magnetic anisotropy due to inverse magnetostriction effect, and shape magnetic anisotropy.
- the physical background and control method for each magnetic anisotropy are described below.
- the magnetocrystalline anisotropy is caused by the electronic state of the magnetic atom due to the crystal structure, and the magnetic garnet has a cubic crystal structure with high crystal symmetry, so it does not take a large value.
- the spatial average can be made zero by using a polycrystal.
- Growth-induced magnetic anisotropy is magnetic anisotropy that occurs during epitaxial growth, and magnetic garnet is known to increase when it contains two or more types of nonmagnetic metal ions. Although the origin is not clear, the coordination of nonmagnetic metal ions in the direction of crystal growth is considered. Magneto-optic materials often use Bi-substituted YIG garnet, which has a large magneto-optic effect, and this growth-induced magnetic anisotropy increases. In order to reduce this magnetic anisotropy, it is effective not to use epitaxial growth as a forming method. In order to reduce this growth-induced magnetic anisotropy, a heat treatment at 100 ° C. or higher disclosed in Patent Document 2 is effective, but the process temperature of the optical waveguide device is too high.
- Magnetic anisotropy due to the inverse magnetostriction effect is a phenomenon that occurs due to the influence of the electronic state of magnetic atoms due to crystal strain, and is a relatively large effect in Bi-substituted YIG garnet. In order to reduce this magnetic anisotropy, it is effective to reduce crystal distortion. In the case of epitaxial growth, crystal distortion is caused by a mismatch in lattice constant with the underlying material. In addition, when annealing or a high substrate temperature is required at the time of formation, crystal distortion also occurs due to thermal distortion caused by mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients of the base material and the magneto-optical material.
- Shape magnetic anisotropy is a phenomenon in which the magnetization direction is directed to reduce the magnetostatic energy due to the demagnetizing field, and depends greatly on the shape of the magnetic material.
- the shape magnetic anisotropy is large in the in-plane direction if it is a plane like a thin film, and large in the longitudinal direction in the columnar structure.
- magneto-optical material a polycrystalline material that is not lattice-matched with the base material and forming the waveguide without annealing.
- the result is a waveguide device with low magnetic anisotropy that operates without a magnet.
- magneto-optic materials suitable for waveguides can be formed by the air mouth sol deposition (AD) method.
- AD air mouth sol deposition
- Figure 1 shows the magnetization curve of a Bi-substituted YIG garnet.
- the composition of B i substituted YIG Gane Tsu preparative (B i 0. 8 Y 2 . 2) F e s 0 1 2.
- 11 is the magnetization curve of the raw material powder
- 12 is the magnetic curve measured in the direction perpendicular to the film
- 13 is the magnetization curve measured in the in-plane direction. It is formed on an amorphous quartz substrate by the aerosol deposition (AD) method.
- the film thickness is 5 microns. The film forming conditions will be described in detail later.
- the membrane is not annealed. It can be seen that magnetization is generated in the Bi-YIG film by AD method without annealing.
- this Bi-substituted YIG garnet film is a plane magnetized film because magnetization occurs in the in-plane direction even at zero magnetic field, and a large magnetic field is required to align the magnetization in the vertical direction. I know that there is. Since the magneto-optic effect is proportional to the magnetization, this Bi-substituted YIG garnet film is expected to have a magneto-optic effect about half that of Baltha.
- Figure 2 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the Bi-substituted YIG garnet.
- 2 1 is raw material powder
- the last diffraction pattern, 22 is the diffraction pattern of the film. Since all indices in the diffraction peaks are garnet structure indices, and the diffraction peaks of the film are the same as the raw material powder, the Bi-YIG film by the AD method is a garnet structure polycrystal. I understand. From the above, it is clear that the magneto-optic film formed by the aerosol deposition method is a polycrystalline material that has no lattice matching with the underlying material and can be formed without annealing.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide using the magneto-optical material of this example.
- a Si 0 2 layer 3 2 was formed as a cladding layer on the silicon substrate 3 1 by 3 / ra thermal oxidation.
- a 1.5 ⁇ width resist strip was made and etched by reactive ion etching.
- a core layer 33 was formed on the formed concave structure having a depth of 1.5 ⁇ by an aerosol deposition (AD) method. The film forming method will be described in detail later. Surface polishing was performed to flatten the core layer.
- a Si 0 2 layer was formed as an upper clad layer 3 4 on the upper portion by a heating method of 0. 5 ⁇ .
- the magnet is magnetized in the longitudinal direction of the waveguide, and the magnetic direction of the waveguide is aligned in one direction.
- the magnetization direction of the optical waveguide can be made the same as the traveling direction of the light passing through the waveguide by the shape magnetic anisotropy without a magnet. The result is a waveguide that can operate without a magnet.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a film forming apparatus used in the present invention.
- a gas cylinder 41 containing oxygen gas is connected to the glass bottle 42 via a transport tube. Place powder raw material 4 3 in glass bottle 42 and evacuate it to a vacuum of about 2 O Torr through exhaust pipe 44, then introduce it as a carrier gas while controlling the flow rate of oxygen.
- the glass bottle 42 is vibrated by the vibrator 45, thereby generating an aerosol in which fine particles of the raw material powder are dispersed in the gas, and the carrier gas is transferred to the film formation chamber 47 via the transfer pipe 46.
- the film formation chamber 47 is evacuated to a predetermined degree of vacuum by the vacuum pump 48.
- a thin film is formed by spraying powder onto the substrate 4 10 from the nozzle 4 9.
- the film formation conditions are as follows.
- the carrier gas is oxygen
- the angle of incidence between the nozzle and the substrate is 10 degrees
- the gas flow rate is 1 2 1 / min
- the deposition rate is 0 min
- the vibration frequency of the vibrator is 200 rpm.
- Bi-substituted YIG garnet powder which is an oxide with a large magneto-optical effect, was used as the film-forming material.
- Set configuration of B i substituted YIG garnet preparative (B i-YIG) is (B i 0, 8 Y 2 . 2) F e 5 0 1 2.
- the average particle diameter of the raw material powder was 0.6 ⁇ ⁇ .
- Bi 1 YIG powder as a film-forming material is a ferromagnetic composition with a garnet-type crystal structure, and can be applied to optical devices with a large magneto-optical effect.
- the magnetization characteristics and crystal structure of the Bi-YIG film by the AD method are as described in Figs.
- Nonreciprocity was measured with the produced optical waveguide.
- CW light with a wavelength of 1.5 5 ⁇ ⁇ was input, and the polarization direction was aligned by a polarizer, then condensed by a lens and coupled to a waveguide.
- the light emitted from the waveguide was collimated by a lens, passed through an analyzer, and the amount of light was measured with a photodetector.
- the magnetization direction of the waveguide was reversed with a magnet and the change in light intensity was measured, a value of 1 ⁇ d ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ was obtained as the isolation.
- a waveguide of a magneto-optic material is formed by using the air-sol sol deposition method, which is lattice-matched with the underlying material and is a polycrystalline material and has no magnetic anisotropy due to the inverse magnetostriction effect caused by thermal strain. Can do.
- This magneto-optic waveguide can be applied to optical devices such as waveguide type isolators, polarization equalizers, and circuit regulators.
- an optical element according to the present invention can be produced on a substrate on which another element is formed.
- the optical element of the present invention can be further produced on a substrate on which another type of optical element such as a laser, an electro-optical converter, a photoelectric converter, an optical amplifier, an optical waveguide, an optical filter, or the like is formed in advance.
- the optical element of the present invention can also be fabricated on a substrate on which an integrated circuit composed of electronic elements such as CPU and memory is formed in advance.
- the optical element according to the present invention can be integrated and produced on the substrate on which other elements are formed.
- the present invention can be applied to the production of an optical integrated device in which an optical device composed of the optical element of the present invention and other devices are integrated.
- the present invention controls the magnetic anisotropy of a waveguide in order to manufacture a waveguide device made of a magneto-optic material that can operate without a magnet on an arbitrary base material. From the point of view that it is important. Magnetic anisotropy other than shape magnetic anisotropy can be reduced by forming a waveguide without annealing, using a magneto-optic material that is a polycrystalline material that does not lattice match with the underlying material. As a result, the magnetism direction of the optical waveguide can be made the same as the traveling direction of the light passing through the waveguide due to the shape magnetic anisotropy without a magnet.
- the optical device of the present invention is an optical waveguide at least a part of which is made of a magneto-optical material, and the magneto-optical material is a polycrystalline material having no lattice matching with the base material.
- An optical waveguide has no magnetic anisotropy due to the inverse magnetostriction effect caused by thermal strain, and the optical axis direction of the optical waveguide is the same as the traveling direction of light through the waveguide due to the shape magnetic anisotropy. Yes.
- the magnetic anisotropy other than the shape magnetic anisotropy '14 can be reduced, and the magnetization direction of the waveguide can be made the same as the waveguide direction of light. it can.
- the optical device of the present invention forms a compact by pulverizing and joining the ultrafine particle brittle magneto-optical material by applying a mechanical impact force to the ultrafine particle brittle magneto-optical material supplied on the substrate.
- An optical waveguide made of a magneto-optical material is formed by this molded body.
- This molded body is a polycrystalline material that has no lattice matching with the underlying material, and since there is no magnetic anisotropy due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect caused by thermal strain, it reduces the magnetic anisotropy other than the shape magnetic anisotropy. be able to.
- the optical device of the present invention is characterized in that an external magnetic field for controlling the magnetization direction is not acting.
- an external magnetic field for controlling the magnetization direction is not acting.
- the optical device of the present invention is characterized in that the aspect ratio (ratio of width and height to length) of a waveguide made of a magneto-optical material is 10 or more.
- the aspect ratio of the waveguide is 10 or more.
- a waveguide made of a magneto-optic material is a channel-type waveguide. It is characterized by being.
- the channel-type waveguide has a simple columnar structure compared to other waveguide structures such as a ridge-type waveguide. Therefore, the shape magnetic anisotropy is large, and sufficient shape magnetic anisotropy can be obtained to align the magnetization direction with the waveguide direction.
- the optical device of the present invention is characterized by being a waveguide type isolator, a polarization equalizer, and a circulator.
- Magneto-optical materials have unique properties such as nonreciprocity and polarization angle rotation.
- Waveguide-type isolators, polarization equalizers, and circulators are suitable as optical devices using these characteristics. Any optical device needs to control the magnetization direction of the waveguide, and it is effective to use the magneto-optical material of the present invention.
- the optical device of the present invention is characterized in that the magneto-optical material is made of an oxide having a garnet structure.
- Magneto-optical materials in practical use, such as YIG, have a complicated garnet structure, and can be formed on any substrate or underlying material according to the present invention.
- the optical integrated device of the present invention can integrate an optical device having an optical waveguide structure having a waveguide layer of the magneto-optical material and another 'second optical device on a substrate.
- the second optical device is characterized by being one of a laser, an electro-optical converter, a photoelectric converter, an optical amplifier, an optical switch, or an optical filter.
- This magneto-optic material waveguide layer can be formed on any substrate and underlying material without the need for high-temperature heat treatment. Furthermore, since the magnetization direction can be controlled without a magnet, a plurality of optical devices can be integrated.
- An optical integrated device of the present invention is characterized in that an optical device having an optical waveguide structure having a waveguide layer of the magneto-optical material and an electronic circuit are integrated on a substrate. According to the present invention, it is possible to integrate an optical device and an electronic circuit on the same substrate.
- the optical integrated device of the present invention is characterized in that the magneto-optical material is made of an oxide having a garnet structure. Magneto-optical materials such as YIG that have been put into practical use have a complicated garnet structure, and can be formed on any substrate or base material according to the present invention.
- the magneto-optical material is It is formed by the aerosol deposition method.
- the aerosol deposition method it is possible to form a magneto-optic material that is a polycrystalline material that is not lattice-matched with the underlying material and has no magnetic anisotropy due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect caused by thermal strain.
- a magneto-optical waveguide having a high magneto-optical effect and easy to be integrated with other optical elements, an optical device using the same, and integration of these with other optical elements and semiconductor optical elements It is possible to provide an optical integrated device obtained by a digital camera.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009525339A JPWO2009016972A1 (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-11 | 光デバイス、光集積デバイス、及びその製造方法 |
US12/670,460 US8254745B2 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-11 | Optical device, optical integrated device, and method of manufacturing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007200405 | 2007-08-01 | ||
JP2007-200405 | 2007-08-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009016972A1 true WO2009016972A1 (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
Family
ID=40304205
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2008/062969 WO2009016972A1 (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-11 | 光デバイス、光集積デバイス、及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8254745B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2009016972A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009016972A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107146761A (zh) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-08 | 电子科技大学 | 一种巨磁光效应的钇铁石榴石/铋异质薄膜及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9170440B2 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2015-10-27 | Duke University | Polymer optical isolator |
CN101788727B (zh) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-11-09 | 深圳大学 | 基于磁光腔耦合的光子晶体四端口环行器 |
WO2012062005A1 (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-18 | 深圳大学 | 光子晶体磁光环行器及其制造方法 |
US9829728B2 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2017-11-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method for forming magneto-optical films for integrated photonic devices |
US10466515B2 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2019-11-05 | Intel Corporation | On-chip optical isolator |
US9897827B1 (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-20 | Intel Corporation | Feedback controlled closed loop on-chip isolator |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10221720A (ja) * | 1997-02-08 | 1998-08-21 | Tdk Corp | 導波路型光部品 |
WO2007083842A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Nec Corporation | 光学素子、光集積デバイス、および光情報伝搬システム |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0756040A (ja) | 1993-08-16 | 1995-03-03 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | ガーネット導波路の作製方法 |
JPH08253395A (ja) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-10-01 | Tokin Corp | ガーネット結晶およびその製造方法 |
JP3265481B2 (ja) | 1999-04-23 | 2002-03-11 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 脆性材料超微粒子成形体の低温成形法 |
JP2002235181A (ja) | 1999-10-12 | 2002-08-23 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 複合構造物及びその製造方法並びに作製装置 |
JP4171831B2 (ja) | 2003-02-04 | 2008-10-29 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | シリコン導波層を有する光非相反素子 |
KR100571871B1 (ko) * | 2003-10-23 | 2006-04-17 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 집적 광 아이솔레이터 |
JP4736019B2 (ja) | 2003-11-27 | 2011-07-27 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 成形体の製造方法 |
-
2008
- 2008-07-11 WO PCT/JP2008/062969 patent/WO2009016972A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2008-07-11 JP JP2009525339A patent/JPWO2009016972A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-11 US US12/670,460 patent/US8254745B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10221720A (ja) * | 1997-02-08 | 1998-08-21 | Tdk Corp | 導波路型光部品 |
WO2007083842A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Nec Corporation | 光学素子、光集積デバイス、および光情報伝搬システム |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
YUKI YAMAMOTO ET AL.: "Aerosol Deposition Method ni yoru Bi:YIG/Al2O3 Fukugomaku no Keisei to Tokusei", PAPERS OF TECHNICAL MEETING ON MAGNETICS., vol. 71, 24 July 2007 (2007-07-24), MAG. IEE Japan, pages 19 - 22 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107146761A (zh) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-08 | 电子科技大学 | 一种巨磁光效应的钇铁石榴石/铋异质薄膜及其制备方法 |
CN107146761B (zh) * | 2017-05-05 | 2020-07-28 | 电子科技大学 | 一种巨磁光效应的钇铁石榴石/铋异质薄膜的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8254745B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
JPWO2009016972A1 (ja) | 2010-10-14 |
US20100158430A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7362504B2 (en) | Miniature circulator devices and methods for making the same | |
Mizumoto et al. | Optical nonreciprocal devices for silicon photonics using wafer-bonded magneto-optical garnet materials | |
WO2009016972A1 (ja) | 光デバイス、光集積デバイス、及びその製造方法 | |
US8306371B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing optical nonreciprocal element, and optical nonreciprocal element | |
US8335407B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing optical nonreciprocal element | |
WO1994019721A1 (en) | Thin-film magneto-optic polarization rotator | |
Wolfe et al. | Thin‐film garnet materials with zero linear birefringence for magneto‐optic waveguide devices | |
US9829728B2 (en) | Method for forming magneto-optical films for integrated photonic devices | |
US7916982B1 (en) | All fiber magneto-optic on-off switch for networking applications | |
KR101656183B1 (ko) | 평면 도파로 집적형 비가역 편광 회전기 | |
Karki et al. | Broadband bias-magnet-free on-chip optical isolators with integrated thin film polarizers | |
Yan et al. | On-chip nonreciprocal photonic devices based on hybrid integration of magneto-optical garnet thin films on silicon | |
JP2010191260A (ja) | 導波路型アイソレータ、光集積デバイス、及びその製造方法 | |
Wolfe | Thin films for non-reciprocal magneto-optic devices | |
Sung et al. | Garnet waveguides and polarizers for integrated optical isolators on Si substrates | |
Yokoi et al. | Interferometric optical isolator with Si guiding layer operated in unidirectional magnetic field | |
Basiladze et al. | Waveguide magnetoplasmonic structure based on ferrite garnet film | |
Yokoi et al. | Optical isolator with Si guiding layer fabricated by photosensitive adhesive bonding | |
JPS61205698A (ja) | 磁気光学材料 | |
JPS6343726B2 (ja) | ||
Sung | Integrating magneto-optical garnet isolators on semiconductor substrates | |
JP3953812B2 (ja) | 硬磁性ガーネット材料、ファラデー回転子、光アイソレータおよび光通信システム | |
Yokoi et al. | Integrating laser diode and optical isolator by photosensitive adhesive bonding | |
JP2003195241A (ja) | ファラデー回転子の製造方法、ファラデー回転子、ビスマス置換型希土類鉄ガーネット単結晶膜の製造方法、光アイソレータ | |
JP2011017956A (ja) | 導波路型磁気光学デバイスおよび光集積デバイス |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 08778261 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2009525339 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12670460 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 08778261 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |