WO2009003331A1

WO2009003331A1 - Double main girder and multi hanging point crane

Info

Publication number: WO2009003331A1
Application number: PCT/CN2007/003423
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jiajing Song; Sheng Zou; Min Gu
Original assignee: Dalian Huarui Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2007-06-29
Filing date: 2007-12-03
Publication date: 2009-01-08
Also published as: RU2442743C2; RU2010102934A; JP5247799B2; KR101184874B1; KR20100023972A; JP2010531793A

Abstract

A double girder and multi hanging point crane comprises main girders, a lifting mechanism, a translating mechanism (4) and an electric control system, characterized in that said main girders are double main girders (1,2) highly and lowly arranged, each main girder having variable sections and being high and narrow compound girders composed of three-box-typed main girders; the lifting mechanism is composed of multi sets of hoisting systems (3), each set of hoisting systems (3) respectively connected to and controlling multi hanging points and synchronously driving above all hanging points through the electric control system; a rope arranging mechanism is arranged at the hoisting systems (3), and a mono-connecting and multiplayer twisting rope system is adopted; the translating mechanism (4) is main girder bidirectionally self-translating mechanism arranged at the two ends of the lower main girder; the electric control system is an electric control system of multi hanging point crane hyperstatic system.

Description

Double main beam multi-lift crane

The invention relates to a lifting machine, in particular to a double main beam multi-lifting crane for overall docking and manufacturing of an offshore drilling platform.

Background technique

As the demand for drilling platforms increases, large cranes are required to be used in the overall production of offshore drilling platforms. Large sections of the drilling platform must be upgraded and assembled, and can accommodate different tower heights and different rig widths. Many high-altitude operations have been changed to flat work and upgraded at one time, which not only saves drilling rig manufacturing hours, shortens the construction cycle, but also ensures personnel safety and improves product quality.

However, due to the large lifting capacity of this type of crane (combined lifting up to 20,000 tons), large lifting height (up to 103m) and super-long span (span 125m), it brings design, manufacture, installation and commissioning. Unimaginable difficulties, such as how the main beam is constructed, how the hoisting mechanism is selected, how the multi-winding mechanism is arranged, how to solve the stress concentration problem caused by the main beam opening and exiting the wire rope, how the main beam moves, and the lifting point of the lifting point How to balance and synchronize, etc., so there is no such type and crane in the world.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above limitations of the prior art and the actual urgent needs of the field, the present invention aims to provide an oversized lifting crane to meet the lifting requirements of the new manufacturing process of the drilling platform.

The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

A double main beam multi-lifting crane for super large load, comprising a main beam, a hoisting mechanism, a translation mechanism, an electric control system, a rotary maintenance crane, a driver's cab, an anchoring device and a windproof tether, wherein: The main beam consists of double main beams arranged at high and low levels. The two main beams are placed on two concrete foundations, and there is no connecting end beam between the two main beams. Each of the main beams is connected by anchoring device and windproof cable. The whole is fixed to ensure the overall stability of the main beam in working or non-working state; each main beam adopts variable cross section, which is a high-narrow composite beam composed of upper, middle and lower three-box beams; the high-narrow composite type The aspect ratio of the main beam is 3 to 5.

The hoisting mechanism is composed of a plurality of sets of hoisting systems, respectively disposed at two ends of the two main beams; each set of each hoisting system is provided with one or more hoisting systems, and each set of hoisting systems is respectively provided with more than one set Hang Point, and synchronously drive all the above lifting points through the electronic control system; the hoisting system is equipped with a rope arranging mechanism, and adopts a single multi-layer winding rope system; to ensure that the entire lifting height is not disordered, avoiding numerous The interference between the wire ropes and the wire rope and the main beam.

For example, the 20000t X 125m hook-type overhead crane project consists of 12 sets of hoisting systems, each set of 3 sets of each main beam, and 4 sets of lifting points for each set of hoisting systems. 48 lifting points.

The translation mechanism is a self-propelled bidirectional translation mechanism of the main beam disposed along the axial direction of the vertical main beam at the bottom ends of the low main beam;

The electric control system is an electric control system for a multi-point crane crane statically indeterminate system, comprising a hoist mechanism control system, a controller, a load sensor and a position sensor composed of a frequency converter, an inverter, a communication module and an electric motor. And the host computer,

The controller is responsible for receiving the control command with the host computer, returning the on-site information, and controlling the feedback signals of the running and receiving sensors of each lifting mechanism;

The load sensor and the position sensor transmit the load weight and the hoisting height information of each hoisting mechanism to the controller through the communication module carried by the hoisting mechanism, and adjust the operation of each hoisting mechanism by the processing of the controller;

The controller, the sensor and the lifting mechanism are all connected by bus communication.

The controller is a PLC, the load sensor is a load cell, and the position sensor is a code sensor. The electric control system is an electric control system for a multi-point crane crane statically indeterminate system, which comprises a control system for automatically calculating the centroid of the lifting piece and reasonably distributing the pulling force of each lifting point, a lifting control system for the anti-rollover balance of the lifting device, and various mechanism lines. Speed synchronization control system, crane level automatic control system. Through the electronic control system, the crane load synchronization and smooth lifting are realized. The electronic control system can also realize the functions of 12 sets of hoisting systems, single movement, linkage, and horizontal traverse of the main beam.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are self-evident -

(1) It can achieve super-large load lifting;

(2) The hoisting mechanism adopts a multi-winding system to make manufacturing, installation and maintenance simple and low in cost;

(3) The high and low arrangement double main beam structure can adapt to the large-scale hoisting and docking of the tall rig of the tower, which avoids the technical complexity and low reliability caused by the single main beam lifting scheme;

(4) The whole machine is safe and reliable and can adapt to the needs of the change of the hanging point distance;

(5) The high-narrow composite beam structure composed of three-box beam has reasonable structure, large carrying capacity and light weight Such characteristics can effectively solve the stress concentration problem caused by the entry and exit holes of the main beam opening wire rope;

(6) Special construction reduces infrastructure costs;

(7) The use of the crane will greatly improve the manufacturing efficiency of offshore drilling platforms.

In short, the invention not only has significant economic benefits, but also can promote the change of the manufacturing method of the drilling platform, thereby bringing about huge social benefits and having a profound impact on the construction of offshore projects in China and the world.

DRAWINGS

Figure 11 of the accompanying drawings, wherein

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the overall arrangement of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a left side view of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the main beam of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the winding of a wire rope of a hoisting system of the hoisting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 is a left side view of the hoisting mechanism of the single main beam of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a front elevational view of the translation mechanism;

Figure 8 is an automatic calculation of the centroid position of the hanger;

Figure 9 is the target pull value for automatically assigning each lifting point;

Figure 10 is a block diagram of the synchronous control principle of the winch system;

Figure 11 is a block diagram of the control system.

In the figure, 1, high main beam 2, low main beam 3, hoisting system 4, translation mechanism 21, hinge seat 22, hydraulic translation mechanism 23, cylinder support frame 24, stainless steel sliding track 25, square steel guide 26, modified The PTFE plate 31, the controller 32, the control system 33, the load sensor 34, the position sensor 35, and the host computer.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail with the 20000t X 125m hook-type overhead crane project as follows:

As shown in Fig. 1, the high main beam 1 and the low main beam 2 are respectively arranged on two different concrete foundations, and the hoisting mechanism is hoisted by six sets of hoisting systems 3 on each main beam, that is, a total of 12 sets. The system consists of each hoisting system 3 consisting of a hoist, a wire rope, a guide pulley, a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley block, etc.; the whole system has a magnification of 40; each set of hoisting system includes 4 moving pulley blocks, and each moving pulley block controls 1 Lifting Point. Winch includes reel (including wire rope press plate), reducer, brake, open gear, coupling, float The moving shaft, the base and other components, that is, the coupling mechanism from the coupling connected to the motor to the final stage brake; the hoisting mechanism is installed on the hoisting machine to ensure that the entire lifting height is not tangled; the hoisting machine adopts a single multi-layer winding rope system. The hoist completes each lifting cycle through the motor-driven reel as shown in Figure 3. Each hoisting system controls 4 lifting points, and 12 sets of hoisting systems have a total of 48 lifting points to jointly complete the 20,000-ton load lifting task. . See Figure 5 for the winding of the hoisting system.

The main beam adopts a variable cross-section form as shown in Fig. 3. It is a high-narrow composite beam composed of upper, middle and lower three-box beams, as shown in Fig. 4, and its aspect ratio is equal to 4.

The anti-interference arrangement of the hoisting wire rope through the multi-lifting crane is shown in Fig. 6, which avoids the interference problem of many wire ropes. As shown in Figure 1, the hoist is placed on the main girder cover, and each set of hoisting machines is arranged on each of the end plates of each main beam; the wire rope of each hoist is passed along a fixed guide pulley in the upper space of the main girder cover. From the small opening on the upper cover of the main beam, enter the inner pulley set of the main beam, then wrap it onto the movable pulley block, repeatedly wrap it, and finally fix it on the fixed point of the fixed pulley block.

The three sets of hoists on the main beam at each end adopt different heights of support, which makes the rope height of different hoist drum ropes different; in addition, the vertical centerline of the reel of the three sets of hoists at each end of the main beam is connected with the center line of the guide pulley. The line of the main beam of the main beam is formed by the same small yaw angle. In order to ensure that the yaw angle of the wire rope on the reel and the pulley does not exceed the standard, the third hoist at each end is rotated by 1.04 degrees with respect to the center line of the main beam. The two ends are opposite to each other; such arrangement enables the wire ropes to be staggered in space, avoiding interference between the wire ropes and the wire rope and the main beam, and making the deflection angle of the wire rope and the hoist drum and the pulley conform to the standard.

The linkage between the movable pulley sets maintains a fixed distance connection between the four sets of moving pulley blocks controlled by each set of winch systems, which can simultaneously raise and lower the four lifting points controlled by the four moving pulley blocks, and avoid interference between the wire ropes. .

Through the two-way self-propelled translation mechanism of the main beam of the crane, as shown in Fig. 7, the main beam 2 on the low foundation can be horizontally moved horizontally perpendicular to the axial direction of the main beam to meet the difference of the lifting point positions of different equipments. The translation mechanism includes a hinge 21 for carrying the weight and load of the main beam 2, a hydraulic translation mechanism 22, a cylinder support frame 23, a stainless steel sliding track 24, a square steel guide rail 25, a modified polytetrafluoroethylene plate 26, Self-locking wedge clamping mechanism.

For example, when the translation distance is ±7m, it is unrealistic for the hydraulic cylinder to retract 14m at a time, so a stepping hydraulic translation mechanism is adopted. The whole hydraulic translation mechanism 22 is composed of a hydraulic system, an electric system and a support frame. The hydraulic system includes two jack-up cylinders. . The entire hydraulic translation mechanism 22 is carried along a square steel rail 25 Two-way crawling, each time pushing the main beam 0. 8m, each time the first clamping of the square steel rail 25 by a pair of self-locking wedge clamping mechanism, the other pair of wedge-shaped blocks are in a relaxed state, and then the piston rod pushes the cylinder to support The self-locking wedge clamping mechanism again. The self-locking wedge clamping mechanism is again rotated. The self-locking wedge clamping mechanism is again. By clamping the square steel rail 25, the piston rod pushes the cylinder support frame 23 again to drive the main beam 2, and so on, until the requirement of each translation distance is satisfied. When the translation is reversed, another pair of wedge blocks begin to act, and the reverse translation is also achieved by the above process. Due to the relative slip of the main beam and the foundation of the civil engineering, a mirrored stainless steel sliding track 24 is adhered to the surface of the prefabricated plate of the civil construction, and a modified polytetrafluoroethylene plate 26 is fixed at the bottom of the lower cover of the main beam hinge 21, so that The friction coefficient is greatly reduced, and the material has a small amount of compression deformation and a low wear rate.

The crane load is synchronized and leveled up by the electric control system of the multi-point crane crane statically indeterminate system. The electronic control system adopts the design idea and various control of "automatically calculating the centroid of the hanging piece, reasonably distributing the pulling force of each lifting point, controlling the tilting prevention of the hanging piece, synchronizing the line speed of each mechanism, and automatically controlling the level of the hanging piece". Means to solve the above problems.

The electrical control scheme for the hoisting mechanism of the hoisting mechanism consisting of 12 sets of hoisting systems is as follows:

(1) Automatically calculate the centroid of the lifting piece (see Figure 8), and reasonably distribute the pulling force of each lifting point (see Figure 9). Under the "hovering mode", the tension of the hanging piece in the horizontal state is measured by the tension sensor of 12 lifting points. Value, see the measured tensile force value in Figure 9, the control system will automatically calculate the position of the centroid of the lifting piece according to these values, and automatically assign the target pulling force value to each lifting point in the form of an arithmetic progression, as shown in Figure 9. The value, so as to ensure that the lifting force of each lifting point is more reasonable during the lifting process, and can effectively prevent tipping.

(2) Anti-rollover balance control of multiple sets of hoisting mechanisms

The control system automatically analyzes the load center of the 12 sets of lifting mechanisms and makes a reasonable grouping, automatically calculates the centroid position of the lifting parts, and distributes the rational force of each lifting mechanism. In the operation process, each lifting point tension control is another important additional control means. The control system detects the pulling force carried by each hook during the running process through the tension sensor. Once the lifting force of a lifting point exceeds the target pulling force value, the The mechanism corrects the tension value back to the allowable value range. Can effectively prevent tipping.

(3) 12 sets of hoisting mechanism speed synchronization control (see Figure 10)

In the joint lifting process, the hoisting motor adopts the speed control as the main reference, and the speed synchronous control as the most basic control means. Since the hoisting mechanism wire rope winding method is multi-layer winding, for a certain motor speed, the hoisting mechanism is The line speed of one layer is different. Control system through calculation and external The detection means cooperates to provide different speed reference signals for the frequency converter according to different layers, which can ensure the wire speed of each set of lifting mechanism is consistent.

(4) Lift level control

As the additional control means, the control system uses the displacement signal provided by the position detection encoder to detect the relative position difference of each lifting point in real time during the lifting process. When the coordinate plane and the hovering mode formed by each lifting point are memorized, When the coordinate planes are not parallel, and the set value is exceeded, the position correction is performed; the hanger is kept at a basic level during operation.

In short, through the industrial control computer platform, according to the above-mentioned electrical control scheme to establish different mathematical control procedures, after a large number of complex calculations and logic control, the synchronous operation of each lifting mechanism is realized.

Different control methods are adopted in different stages of joint lifting, which are divided into preparation mode, wire rope pretensioning mode, hover mode, and joint lifting mode. In different control modes, the control system will adopt different control methods, and automatically complete the functions of data acquisition and calculation, function judgment and data correction, so that the control system is highly automated and intelligent.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the system combination uses the following existing advanced technologies:

(1) Using the world's leading reversible AC multi-drive variable frequency speed control system to achieve accurate speed and torque control for each motor.

(2) The application of parallel operation technology of multiple sets of rectification and feedback units is adopted to meet the demand of large-capacity motor power supply and achieve energy-saving effect.

(3) Using powerful PLC with excellent performance as the core control system, integrated industrial Ethernet technology and fieldbus technology to achieve centralized and decentralized control, making various data collection and operation stable and fast.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the technology according to the present invention The alternatives and modifications of the present invention and the inventive concept are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

CN2007007DF Claim

1. A double main beam multi-lift crane comprising a main beam, a hoisting mechanism, a translation mechanism, an electric control system, a rotary maintenance crane, a driver's cab, an anchoring device and a windproof tether, characterized in that:

The main beam comprises two main beams (1, 2) arranged at a height of two, the two main beams are respectively placed on two concrete foundations, and there is no connecting end beam between the two main beams; each of the main beams passes through the anchor The fixing device and the windproof tether are integrally fixed; each main beam adopts a variable cross section, which is a high-narrow composite beam composed of three box-shaped beams; the lifting mechanism is composed of multiple sets of hoisting systems (3), respectively At each end of the two main beams; each end of each main beam is arranged with more than one set of hoisting system (3), each set of hoisting system is provided with more than one lifting point, and all of the above are synchronously driven by the electronic control system Hanging point; the hoisting system is provided with a rope arranging mechanism, and a single multi-layer winding rope system is adopted;

The translation mechanism is a self-propelled bidirectional translation mechanism (4) for the main beam at the bottom of the lower main beam (2) along the axial direction of the vertical main beam.

The double-girder multi-lifting crane according to claim 1, wherein said high-narrow composite main beam has an aspect ratio of 3 to 5.

3. The double main beam multi-lifting crane according to claim 1, wherein the hoisting mechanism is composed of 12 sets of hoisting systems, and each set of three ends of each main beam is arranged, each set of hoisting system Set 4 lifting points respectively, and the whole machine has a total of 48 lifting points.

4. The double main beam multi-lifting crane according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the electronic control system is an electric control system for a multi-point crane crane statically indeterminate system, comprising a frequency converter, a hoisting mechanism control system (32), a controller (31), a load sensor (33), a position sensor (34), and a host computer (35) composed of an inverter, a communication module, and an electric motor,

5. The double main beam multi-lifting crane according to claim 4, wherein the controller is a PLC, the load sensor is a load cell, and the position sensor is a coded sensor.