WO2008141595A1 - Câblage de sécurité - Google Patents

Câblage de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008141595A1
WO2008141595A1 PCT/DE2007/000927 DE2007000927W WO2008141595A1 WO 2008141595 A1 WO2008141595 A1 WO 2008141595A1 DE 2007000927 W DE2007000927 W DE 2007000927W WO 2008141595 A1 WO2008141595 A1 WO 2008141595A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
protective circuit
switching element
circuit according
limiting component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2007/000927
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Harald GÜNTHER
Dieter Munz
Torsten Vogt
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/DE2007/000927 priority Critical patent/WO2008141595A1/fr
Priority to DE112007003605T priority patent/DE112007003605A5/de
Publication of WO2008141595A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008141595A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H02H9/025—Current limitation using field effect transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective circuit for protecting electronic assemblies against overvoltages and / or overcurrents at their inputs and outputs.
  • US 2003/0095368 A1 discloses a current limiting circuit for USB peripherals.
  • the current limiting circuit comprises a power MOSFET and a measuring device for detecting the current flowing through the power MOSFET.
  • a reference voltage limit values for the current flowing through the MOSFET can be specified, whose Compliance is ensured by suitable choice of the gate voltage of the MOSFET.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a protective circuit which is as reliable as possible and has low power losses.
  • a protective circuit for an electronic module with - a current-limiting component which does not require its own power supply to realize its current-limiting properties, a current detection unit for measuring the current flowing through the current-limiting component current, - a control unit for generating a shutdown signal, if said Current exceeds an upper threshold, and arranged in series with the current-limiting component active switching element for interrupting the current in the present switch-off signal.
  • the protective circuit according to the invention comprises both a component which does not require its own power supply for the realization of its current-limiting properties as well as an active element which is connected in series with the current-limiting component.
  • the current-limiting component advantageously offers the use of a two-pole device.
  • the current-limiting component already ensures protection against overvoltages or overcurrents in the powerless condition of the circuit.
  • the active switching element requires a power supply to perform a switching action.
  • An example of such an active switching element is a MOSFET, the switching action of which is applied by a gate at the component
  • the circuit can be actively interrupted at the input or output of an electronic module in the event of an overcurrent. As soon as an impermissible overcurrent is detected by the control unit, the active switching element interrupts the current and thus protects the electronic module connected to the protective circuit.
  • the combination of the current-limiting component with the active protection within the protective circuit provides a number of advantages over the protective circuits known from the prior art.
  • the maximum occurring losses are limited by the fact that the circuit can be opened by means of the active switching element.
  • the current-limiting component By the current-limiting component to reach the protection against overvoltage or overcurrent already in the unprovoked state.
  • the supplied state results in a much shorter reaction time of this protective circuit, since the interruption of the circuit, for example with a power-electronic switching element, can occur much faster than is the case with the conventional protective measures mentioned above.
  • additional protection diodes can be made smaller, which leads to a reduction of leakage currents to supply. This also results in a lower distortion of analog signals that are received or output from the electronic module to be protected.
  • the combination of the current-limiting component and the active switching element within the protective circuit can achieve both cost and space savings over conventional conventional protective circuits.
  • the active switching element By the active switching element, the maximum occurring power loss in the supplied state by opening, clocks or an intelligent control of the active switching element can be reduced in case of failure.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
  • a very simple and inexpensive embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the control unit comprises a Schmitt trigger, which is designed such that it generates a turn-on signal for the switching element after the current falls below a lower threshold.
  • the Schmitt trigger first generates the switch-off signal when the upper threshold value is exceeded.
  • the lower threshold is automatically undershot, so that the Schmitt trigger after its device-inherent delay time automatically provides the switch-on signal again.
  • the active switching element is closed and remains in this state until a renewed exceeding of the upper threshold value is detected by the current detection unit.
  • the Schmitt trigger thus causes constantly recurring short interruptions of the overcurrent.
  • control unit comprises a microcontroller.
  • an embodiment is advantageous in which the switching element is open in an unsupplied state.
  • an embodiment of the invention may be expedient in which the switching element is closed in an unsupplied state.
  • the switching element comprises an analog switch with integrated current sensing resistor.
  • Analog switch is an integrated circuit that typically includes MOSFETs.
  • the current-limiting component comprises a JFET.
  • the current-limiting component is a current-regulating diode.
  • a current control diode or current limiter diode is a semiconductor device that allows only one maximum current to flow in one direction.
  • a current control diode is a JFET in which the source and gate connections are interconnected.
  • an embodiment of the invention may be advantageous which allows bidirectional current flow, i. in that the current-limiting component and the active switching element have a current-direction-independent operating behavior.
  • an electronic module which is a protective circuit according to one of the embodiments described above, which is connected to an input of the electronic module for limiting an input current and / or a protective circuit according to one of the embodiments described above connected to an output of the electronic module for limiting an output current.
  • FIG. 3 shows an input of an electronic module connected to a protective circuit according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a first protective circuit known from the prior art for an input or output of an electronic module.
  • the protective circuit comprises a resistor 5.
  • the voltage at the output of the protective circuit is limited by the use of a first and a second diode 6, 7 to the maximum voltage U P and the minimum voltage U N. If the voltage at the output of the protective circuit neither exceeds the permissible maximum value Up, nor falls below the lower threshold value U N , both diodes 6, 7 are switched in the reverse direction. Since, of course, the diodes 6, 7 are not ideal components, despite this "normal state," a leakage current flows, which results in additional power loss and signal distortion.
  • Figure 2 shows a second known from the prior art protective circuit for an electronic module.
  • current-limiting bipolar devices are used to protect the electronic assembly from overvoltages and overcurrents.
  • the protection against overvoltage is in turn realized by a series resistor.
  • the illustrated interconnection of a third and fourth diode 8, 9 and a first and second Zener diode 10, 11 ensures that the potential at the output of the protective circuit can deviate only to a limited extent from the potential M. In essence, this maximum allowable deviation is defined by the breakdown voltage of the zener diodes 10, 11 used.
  • a leakage current to the point M on the diode branch flow which results in power loss and signal corruption.
  • a power loss in the series resistor 5 is generated.
  • FIG. 3 shows an input of an electronic module connected to a protective circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the input of the module is symbolized here by a shunt resistor 12.
  • a bipolar current-limiting component 1 is connected in series with an active switching element 4.
  • This device is a current control diode, which is also referred to by the English term "current-regulator diode". Since in series with this component, the active switching element 4 is switched, which can be opened in the event of an error to interrupt the flow of current, the current-limiting bipolar device 1 can be dimensioned much smaller with respect to its allowable power loss, as the series resistor 5 from the Figures 1 and 2.
  • the voltage at the input can additionally be limited by means of a first and a second diode 6, 7 in analogy to the known circuit of FIG.
  • a first and a second diode 6, 7 in analogy to the known circuit of FIG.
  • the switching element 4 is open (normal-off) in the un-supplied state and is designed as an integrated circuit.
  • the protective diodes 6, 7 can be significantly smaller than those shown in FIG.
  • a Stromerfasungsaku 2 By means of a Stromerfasungsaku 2, the current through the active switching element 4 is measured. As soon as this current exceeds a permissible maximum value, a switch-off signal for the switching element 4 is generated with the aid of a control unit 3, which is embodied as a microcontroller. Due to this switch-off signal, the switching element 4 is opened. In the embodiment, it is in the
  • FIG. 4 shows an output of an electronic module connected to the protective circuit according to FIG. If the active switching element 4 is capable of bidirectionally conducting the current and of absorbing blocking voltages in both directions, the same protective circuit can be used for the input and output. These properties are given in commercial integrated analog switches based on MOSFET.
  • the voltage at the output can additionally be limited here by means of a first and a second diode 6, 7 analogously to the known circuit of FIG.
  • a first and a second diode 6, 7 analogously to the known circuit of FIG.
  • the switching element 4 in the un-powered state is open (normally-off) and is designed as an integrated circuit.
  • the protective diodes 6, 7 can be significantly smaller than those shown in FIG.
  • the two-pole current-limiting component 1 By the two-pole current-limiting component 1, a protection of the input or output of the electronic module is guaranteed even if no supply voltage applied to the protective circuit. Since the diode circuits shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 can be significantly smaller dimensions, the power loss of the protective circuit shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 is comparatively low. It is primarily caused by the current-limiting current regulator diode, which can be dimensioned much smaller due to the series-connected active switching element 4, as the series resistor 5 of Figures 1 and 2.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un câblage de sécurité pour protéger des ensembles électroniques. L'invention vise à créer un câblage de sécurité le plus fiable possible et présentant le moins de pertes en puissance possible. A cet effet, le câblage de sécurité comporte un élément (1) limiteur de courant qui ne nécessite pas d'alimentation énergétique propre pour développer ses propriétés de limitation de courant, une unité de saisie de courant (2) pour mesurer le courant qui traverse l'élément (1) limiteur de courant, une unité de contrôle (3) qui génère un signal d'arrêt lorsque le courant dépasse une valeur seuil supérieure, et un élément de commutation (4) actif, aligné sur l'élément (1) limiteur de courant et destiné à interrompre le courant lorsque le signal d'arrêt est généré.
PCT/DE2007/000927 2007-05-23 2007-05-23 Câblage de sécurité WO2008141595A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2007/000927 WO2008141595A1 (fr) 2007-05-23 2007-05-23 Câblage de sécurité
DE112007003605T DE112007003605A5 (de) 2007-05-23 2007-05-23 Schutzbeschaltung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2007/000927 WO2008141595A1 (fr) 2007-05-23 2007-05-23 Câblage de sécurité

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008141595A1 true WO2008141595A1 (fr) 2008-11-27

Family

ID=39717821

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2007/000927 WO2008141595A1 (fr) 2007-05-23 2007-05-23 Câblage de sécurité

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE112007003605A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008141595A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4175091A1 (fr) * 2021-10-28 2023-05-03 Rolls-Royce plc Système d'alimentation électrique

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3873887A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-03-25 Gen Electric Alternating-current power delivery system
EP0635923A1 (fr) * 1993-07-19 1995-01-25 STMicroelectronics S.A. Circuit de protection contre des surtensions à forte énergie à tension d'écrêtage controlée
GB2315172A (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-21 Smiths Industries Plc Protecting semiconductor devices
DE10059115A1 (de) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Abb Patent Gmbh Mittelspannungs- Leistungsschalteranordnung
DE102004055057A1 (de) * 2004-11-15 2006-05-24 Infineon Technologies Ag Ausgangsschaltung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3873887A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-03-25 Gen Electric Alternating-current power delivery system
EP0635923A1 (fr) * 1993-07-19 1995-01-25 STMicroelectronics S.A. Circuit de protection contre des surtensions à forte énergie à tension d'écrêtage controlée
GB2315172A (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-21 Smiths Industries Plc Protecting semiconductor devices
DE10059115A1 (de) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Abb Patent Gmbh Mittelspannungs- Leistungsschalteranordnung
DE102004055057A1 (de) * 2004-11-15 2006-05-24 Infineon Technologies Ag Ausgangsschaltung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4175091A1 (fr) * 2021-10-28 2023-05-03 Rolls-Royce plc Système d'alimentation électrique
US11837894B2 (en) 2021-10-28 2023-12-05 Rolls-Royce Plc Electrical power system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112007003605A5 (de) 2010-04-22

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