WO2008139053A1 - Multilayer spheroids with anti-malaria action and with an artesunate-containing layer - Google Patents
Multilayer spheroids with anti-malaria action and with an artesunate-containing layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008139053A1 WO2008139053A1 PCT/FR2008/000468 FR2008000468W WO2008139053A1 WO 2008139053 A1 WO2008139053 A1 WO 2008139053A1 FR 2008000468 W FR2008000468 W FR 2008000468W WO 2008139053 A1 WO2008139053 A1 WO 2008139053A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- spheroids
- active ingredient
- multilayer
- artesunate
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 229960004991 artesunate Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- FIHJKUPKCHIPAT-AHIGJZGOSA-N artesunate Chemical compound C([C@](OO1)(C)O2)C[C@H]3[C@H](C)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]31[C@@H]2O[C@@H](OC(=O)CCC(O)=O)[C@@H]4C FIHJKUPKCHIPAT-AHIGJZGOSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000000078 anti-malarial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229960004985 lumefantrine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-AWEZNQCLSA-N (S)-chloroquine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2C(N[C@@H](C)CCCN(CC)CC)=CC=NC2=C1 WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229960003677 chloroquine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroquine Natural products ClC1=CC=C2C(NC(C)CCCN(CC)CC)=CC=NC2=C1 WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- DYLGFOYVTXJFJP-MYYYXRDXSA-N lumefantrine Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2C=2C(C(O)CN(CCCC)CCCC)=CC(Cl)=CC=2\C1=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DYLGFOYVTXJFJP-MYYYXRDXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEQGYMUWCZPDN-DOMZBBRYSA-N (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)C=2C3=CC=CC(=C3N=C(C=2)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)CCCN1 XEEQGYMUWCZPDN-DOMZBBRYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OVCDSSHSILBFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amodiaquine Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CN(CC)CC)=CC(NC=2C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3N=CC=2)=C1 OVCDSSHSILBFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FOHHNHSLJDZUGQ-VWLOTQADSA-N Halofantrine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C2C([C@@H](O)CCN(CCCC)CCCC)=CC3=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C3C2=C1 FOHHNHSLJDZUGQ-VWLOTQADSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229960001444 amodiaquine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002141 anti-parasite Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002365 anti-tubercular Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003096 antiparasitic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229960003242 halofantrine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229960001962 mefloquine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UCRHFBCYFMIWHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperaquine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2C(N3CCN(CC3)CCCN3CCN(CC3)C=3C4=CC=C(C=C4N=CC=3)Cl)=CC=NC2=C1 UCRHFBCYFMIWHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229950006717 piperaquine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229960005179 primaquine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- INDBQLZJXZLFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N primaquine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC(NC(C)CCCN)=C21 INDBQLZJXZLFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003430 antimalarial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical class OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical class O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000594 mannitol Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 244000030166 artemisia Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000003826 Artemisia Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000003261 Artemisia vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000009052 artemisia Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005563 spheronization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 description 3
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229960002521 artenimol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BJDCWCLMFKKGEE-ISOSDAIHSA-N artenimol Chemical compound C([C@](OO1)(C)O2)C[C@H]3[C@H](C)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]31[C@@H]2O[C@H](O)[C@@H]4C BJDCWCLMFKKGEE-ISOSDAIHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930016266 dihydroartemisinin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FUFLCEKSBBHCMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-dehydrocorticosterone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(=O)CC(C)(C(CC4)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 FUFLCEKSBBHCMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001258 Cinchona calisaya Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-ZPOLXVRWSA-N Cortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cortisone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(=O)CC(C)(C(CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940033495 antimalarials Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009118 appropriate response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000981 artemether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940013919 artemether and lumefantrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004191 artemisinin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N artemisinin Chemical compound C([C@](OO1)(C)O2)C[C@H]3[C@H](C)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]31[C@@H]2OC(=O)[C@@H]4C BLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930101531 artemisinin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
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- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVAQGQOEHFIYMQ-PRLJFWCFSA-N co-artemether Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2[C@H](C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H](C)[C@@H](OC)O[C@H]4[C@]32OOC1(C)O4.C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2C=2C(C(O)CN(CCCC)CCCC)=CC(Cl)=CC=2\C1=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 ZVAQGQOEHFIYMQ-PRLJFWCFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004544 cortisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- SXYIRMFQILZOAM-HVNFFKDJSA-N dihydroartemisinin methyl ether Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2[C@H](C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H](C)[C@@H](OC)O[C@H]4[C@]32OO[C@@]1(C)O4 SXYIRMFQILZOAM-HVNFFKDJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5073—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
- A61K9/5078—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings with drug-free core
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/13—Amines
- A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/357—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5073—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/02—Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
- A61P33/06—Antimalarials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Definitions
- Multilayer spheroids with antimalarial action one of which contains artesunate.
- the present invention relates to multilayer antimalarial spheroids which comprise at least two layers each containing an active ingredient, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient.
- It also relates to a method of manufacturing such spheroids.
- the invention also relates to an antimalarial drug composition in the form of such spheroids.
- an antimalarial drug composition in the form of bilayer spheroids, the inner layer of which contains an antimalarial active ingredient other than artesunate and whose outer layer contains artesunate.
- Malaria is a scourge that strikes hard Third World countries and whose consequences are very serious both on the human level and on the economic development of these countries. In Africa, there are, for example, four hundred million clinical cases per year of this disease which without appropriate treatment inevitably leads to death by haemorrhage.
- Promising compounds were extracted from the plant called Artemisia Annuae and give after chemical transformations stable molecules such as artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin, Artemether or artesunate that can be used effectively as antimalarial active ingredients.
- a dosage form for limiting the dose of active ingredient used without compromising its clinical efficacy is therefore strongly desired.
- the active ingredients derived from Artemisia Annuae are very fragile molecules, incompatible with many other molecules and in particular with the known antimalarial active ingredients.
- the object of the invention is to provide an artesunate-based antimalarial drug composition that overcomes all of these problems.
- the invention provides multilayer spheroids antimalarial action which comprise at least two layers each containing an active ingredient, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient.
- the other active ingredient is preferably another antimalarial compound, such as, for example, lumefantrine, amodiaquine, halofantrine, piperaquine, primaquine, chloroquine or mefloquine. It may also be an antibiotic compound, an antituberculous compound or an anti-parasitic compound.
- the composition according to the invention is in a galenic form of spheroids, also called spherules or microspheres, which guarantees a much better release of the active ingredients in the digestive tract than a conventional tablet, thereby ensuring greater efficacy of the composition.
- spheroids also called spherules or microspheres
- compositions of high efficiency while decreasing the dose of artesunate used. It is thus intended to produce compositions containing, for adults, a dose of
- compositions of lower dosage intended for children and preferably packaged in doses containing less than or equal to 100 mg of artesunate per dose.
- the invention can greatly reduce the cost price of the drug.
- the invention thus provides an appropriate response to this humanitarian problem and provides hope for all the populations concerned.
- each spheroid contains an appropriate amount of artesunate and the other active ingredient (s) associated with it.
- spheroids in which at least one layer containing an active ingredient is separated from the adjacent layer containing another active ingredient by a layer or a water-soluble separation film.
- the spheroids according to the invention are grouped into unit doses, for example in the form of capsules, capsules, sachets, tablets or other, corresponding to a determined amount of the active ingredients, preferably according to the dosage of the composition to be respected and allowing an easier catch by the patients. Thanks to the invention, it is possible to achieve a unique stable and effective formulation of the antimalarial composition, which groups together in a single unit dose of artesunate and one or more other active ingredients possibly incompatible with it. The treatment is thus greatly simplified for patients.
- Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an effective composition in a more convenient dosage form and much more stable over time even under adverse storage conditions.
- the spheroids according to the invention constitute a very stable galenic form, requiring no particular care for storage and very well withstanding difficult climatic conditions.
- this dosage form is extremely convenient for patients and does not require the skills of trained personnel for its administration, unlike conventional injectable drugs.
- the invention also teaches, by way of example, two methods for making such multilayer spheroids.
- the first is to train successively around a neutral nucleus, at least two layers containing an active ingredient, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient.
- the second method comprises the following steps:
- These two methods may further comprise at least one drying step and / or a calibration step.
- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a first variant of spheroid according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a second variant of spheroid according to the invention;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a third spheroid variant according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a fourth variant of spheroid according to the invention.
- the general inventive idea consists in producing antimalarial spheroids comprising at least two layers, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient, preferably also antimalarial.
- active ingredient is understood to mean any compound having a therapeutic effect which results in, participates in or promotes the overall result targeted by the composition, or which contributes to the improvement of the state of health of a patient suffering from malaria, by fighting directly against this disease or by targeting or preventing other health problems related to this disease or that may accompany it.
- the first active ingredient of the spheroids according to the invention is the artesunate molecule, for example in the form of sodium salt.
- This active ingredient is derived from the plant Artemisia Annuae in which it is in the form of a precursor. To improve its stability and solubility, this precursor is then chemically converted to dihydroartemisinin and artesunate.
- artesunate can be obtained from the Artemisia Annuae plant or directly purchased commercially.
- the second active ingredient used is preferably another antimalarial compound so as to enhance the effect and complete the action of artesunate, while limiting the appearance of resistance phenomena of the parasite.
- another antimalarial compound for example, and without limitation, lumefantrine, amodiaquine, halofantrine, piperaquine, primaquine, chloroquine, mefloquine or any other appropriate antimalarial compound.
- the spheroids according to the invention may contain other substances such as for example vitamins, minerals, trace elements, compounds increasing the effectiveness of the active ingredients, protecting them or helping their rapid release.
- the spheroids according to the invention are not limited to two layers and may comprise more.
- the additional layer or layers may contain one or more active ingredients, which are identical or different from the preceding ones, or any other appropriate vegetable, organic or mineral substance.
- the invention may further be coated on the periphery of a protective film.
- the artesunate is advantageously contained in the outer layer of the spheroids. Artesunate is thus released first and very quickly in the body of the patient, which guarantees maximum effectiveness of the antimalarial composition according to the invention.
- the spheroids according to the invention can be obtained by a process consisting in coating a neutral core with several successive peripheral layers containing the active principles.
- the neutral core can be placed in a turbine and coated with the active ingredient to be in the innermost layer mixed with a mounting agent or a binder.
- a mounting agent there may be mentioned, for example, methacrylic polymers, shellac, polyvinylpyrrolidone or the like.
- the attachment of the active ingredient to the neutral nucleus may also be carried out by impregnation, spraying or spraying it onto the neutral nucleus, the active principle being optionally mixed with a mounting agent or a binder, for example liquid, oily, waxy or aerosol form. After drying, the same procedure is followed for the second layer of the spheroid containing the second active ingredient, then after a new drying for any subsequent layers.
- the drying can be done by light heating for example at a temperature between 30 and 40 0 C or by simple exposure to the open air for a sufficient time.
- a water-soluble separation layer produced for example by coating, impregnation, projection or spraying.
- This separation layer is preferably thin in thickness and formed of an inert material, very easily soluble whatever the pH so as not to hinder the release of the active ingredients. It is in particular a water-soluble membrane made for example from a compound commonly known as "pharmacoute” in the technical field concerned, or a compound of ethylcellulose, shellac, polyvinylpyrrolidone or other.
- the resulting spheroid may optionally be coated at the periphery of an outer skin for example to protect it from external moisture or high temperatures.
- This film is preferably produced by means of a very fast dissolving polymer, for example of the eudragit E30D type.
- This outer skin may also be a resistant coating for protecting the active ingredient molecules sensitive to low pH of the stomach or degraded by the enzymes of the intestinal lumen.
- the release can thus be delayed in order to deliver the active ingredient selectively to certain levels of the digestive system, for example at the gastric level and in the upper parts of the small intestine.
- the spheroid 1 has a core 2 made of a neutral material, such as, for example, a mixture of sugar and starch, a crystal of sugar, manitol or sorbitol.
- a neutral material such as, for example, a mixture of sugar and starch, a crystal of sugar, manitol or sorbitol.
- the core 2 is covered with a first layer 3 containing the first active ingredient.
- a second layer 4 containing the second active ingredient covers the assembly.
- a separation layer 5 has been made between the inner layer 3 and the outer layer 4 of the spheroid so as to better separate the active principles contained in these two layers in order to avoid any problem of incompatibility.
- the resulting spheroid 1 is then coated on the periphery of an outer skin 6 to protect it from moisture and external conditions.
- the spheroids according to the invention can also be obtained by a spheronization extrusion process.
- the first active ingredient that is to say that which must be found in the central part of the spheroid, is mixed with an absorbent and adsorbent substance.
- the absorbent and adsorbent substance is preferably of the natural polymer type or synthetic and is most often in the form of a powder. To be acceptable, this absorbent substance must also have plastic properties compatible with the extrusion and spheronization steps of the following process according to the invention.
- Suitable polymers having suitable absorbent and adsorbent properties and satisfactory plastic characteristics include, for example, microcrystalline celluloses, microfine celluloses, weakly substituted hydroxypropyl cellulosic polymers, starches, modified starches and polysaccharides.
- any other solid substance having suitable absorbent and adsorbent properties and plastic properties compatible with the method of the invention is also mixed if necessary with an aqueous or non-aqueous moistening liquid until a homogeneous and malleable paste is obtained. being able to undergo the following steps of the process, that is to say an extrusion and a spheronization.
- the moistening liquid also serves as a vehicle for transporting and depositing the first active ingredient to the heart of the absorbent and adsorbent substance in the microcavities of the polymer.
- the addition of a moistening liquid is not necessarily necessary. This addition is however essential, when the quantity of liquid is insufficient to ensure the mixture the desired properties.
- a solution of plant origin obtained from the plant from which the active principle is derived by any means. suitable and in particular by extraction, preferably aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic, by maceration, infusion, decoction, digestion, leaching or the like. It is most often a liquid plant extract and for example according to its concentration of a mother tincture, an officinal tincture or a liquid extract.
- this solution of plant origin enhances the effectiveness of the active ingredient.
- the manufacturing process then consists of extruding the wet mass through a die with calibrated orifices. During the extrusion process, the wetted mass is compacted and stretched into compact filaments of generally cylindrical and defined cross-sectional area, referred to as "extrudates".
- the “extrudates” are then placed in a cylindrical apparatus called “spheronizer” containing in its lower part a corrugated disc rotating at a variable and controlled speed. Under the effect of the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation of the rotating disk, the “extrudates” are fragmented regularly, then turn into spheres by a rolling-binding effect. The nuclei are thus obtained spheronized to form the inner layer of multilayer spheroids according to the invention.
- the spheronized cores can be calibrated for example by means of a set of sieves, in order to obtain spherical particles of selected particle size.
- spheronized cores then undergo a coating step which consists in producing around them an additional layer, once formed by the mixing, extrusion and spheronization steps described above.
- the additional coating layer contains the second active ingredient, that is to say that intended to be found at the periphery of the spheroids.
- This coating step is preferably carried out after drying of the spheronized cores resulting from the spheronization step, preferably carried out at a temperature of between 30 and 40 ° C. or carried out by exposure to the open air for a sufficient duration.
- the coating layer is then deposited on the spheronized cores substantially without mixing with the first active ingredient present in the core of the cores. This advantageously avoids the problems of interaction and physico-chemical incompatibility between the two active ingredients. These can coexist in parallel without harmful interaction, from the production of spheroids to their administration and even in case of long-term storage.
- the invention thus solves in a very simple and practical way the problem of incompatibility between artesunate and certain active principles which makes their association impossible within conventional dosage forms, in particular tablets, and which traditionally leads to heavy treatments. and / or difficult to implement based on multiple catches or in situ mixing.
- This coating step may be repeated several times, so as to make as many successive layers as desired, each containing a different active ingredient or an auxiliary auxiliary substance.
- this or these coating step (s) may be replaced by one or more steps of attachment of the active ingredient by impregnation, spraying or spraying thereof, alone or in admixture with a mounting agent or a binder.
- the spheroid 1 shown has a central spheronized core 7, made by extrusion spheronization and containing the first active ingredient absorbed and / or adsorbed on an absorbent material such as for example microcrystalline cellulose.
- This core 7 is surrounded by a peripheral layer 8 containing the second active ingredient.
- the resulting spheroid 1 may also, optionally, be coated on the periphery of a protective film 10, for example against moisture, heat, aggressive conditions of the body or delay effect.
- the spheroids according to the invention may also contain auxiliary substances, such as, for example, other excipients commonly used with current techniques, in particular binders, slip compounds, lubricating compounds, surfactants or other.
- auxiliary substances may also be compounds intended to improve the results or the quality of the spheroids according to the invention or to give them new properties. It can thus be vitamins, minerals and / or other organic components.
- Examples that may be mentioned include simple sugars with a low energy content, and mineral and organic substances that may correspond in particular to lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrins, carbonates, citrates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone or a cellulose derivative (ethyl, methyl or carboxy) and in particular sodium carboxymethylcellulose crosslinked.
- the spheroids according to the invention are stable over time, easy to control and reproducible. They are of simple and practical use. They can be stored without precautions, nor particular care and are easily transportable because they are light, little bulky and not very fragile.
- the spheroids according to the present invention can be presented as such in bulk or in dosing dispenser, or grouped into capsules, capsules, tablets, sachets or any other suitable form.
- the artesunate-based multilayer spheroids produced according to the invention are surprisingly effective.
- the World Health Organization recommends for the treatment of malaria a useful dose of 200 mg artesunate twice a day for three days.
- the spheroids according to the invention clinical tests have shown that with such an assay the parasite disappears into the blood in only forty-eight hours.
- an antimalarial drug composition in the form of spheroids according to the invention grouped together for effective unitary intakes. containing a dose less than or equal to 150 mg artesunate per dose for an adult or less than or equal to 100 mg artesunate per intake for a child. If confirmed by clinical trials, it is even hoped to achieve spheroids with sufficient efficacy when packaged in doses containing about 120 mg of artesunate per dose for an adult.
- the present inventors have made clinically effective spheroids by successively implementing each of the two previously described methods.
- These spheroids have an inner layer containing lumefantrine and an outer layer containing artesunate.
- spheroids have been grouped into capsules, each corresponding to the quantity of spheroids for a unit dose established according to the following quantities:
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Abstract
The anti-malaria multilayer spheroids (1) of the invention include at least two layers (3, 4) each containing a different active principle, one of them being artesunate. The second active principle is preferably another anti-malaria compound, in particular lumefantrine, amodiaquine, halofantrine, piperaquine, primaquine, chloroquine or mefloquine or an antibiotic, anti-tuberculosis or anti-parasitic compound. For a quick release, the artesunate is preferably contained in the outer layer of the spheroids. Several methods for making such spheroids are also contemplated. The invention is particularly useful in medicine, in particular for treating malaria.
Description
Sphéroïdes multicouches à action antipaludique dont l'une des couches contient de l ' artésunate. Multilayer spheroids with antimalarial action, one of which contains artesunate.
La présente invention concerne des sphéroïdes multicouches à action antipaludique qui comprennent au moins deux couches contenant chacune un principe actif, l'une contenant de l' artésunate et l'autre contenant un autre principe actif.The present invention relates to multilayer antimalarial spheroids which comprise at least two layers each containing an active ingredient, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient.
Elle concerne également un procédé de fabrication de tels sphéroïdes.It also relates to a method of manufacturing such spheroids.
L'invention se rapporte aussi à une composition médicamenteuse antipaludique se présentant sous la forme de tels sphéroïdes .The invention also relates to an antimalarial drug composition in the form of such spheroids.
Plus précisément, elle concerne une composition médicamenteuse antipaludique se présentant sous la forme de sphéroïdes bicouches , dont la couche intérieure contient un principe actif antipaludique différent de l' artésunate et dont la couche extérieure contient de l' artésunate. Le paludisme est un fléau qui frappe durement les pays du tiers-monde et dont les conséquences sont très graves tant sur le plan humain que sur celui du développement économique de ces pays. En Afrique, on compte ainsi par exemple quatre cent millions de cas cliniques par an de cette maladie qui sans traitement approprié conduit inéluctablement à la mort par hémorragie.More specifically, it relates to an antimalarial drug composition in the form of bilayer spheroids, the inner layer of which contains an antimalarial active ingredient other than artesunate and whose outer layer contains artesunate. Malaria is a scourge that strikes hard Third World countries and whose consequences are very serious both on the human level and on the economic development of these countries. In Africa, there are, for example, four hundred million clinical cases per year of this disease which without appropriate treatment inevitably leads to death by haemorrhage.
La quinine, après avoir soigné cette maladie pendant près de cent ans, n'est quasiment plus efficace de nos jours du fait de la résistance développée par le parasite. Elle doit être remplacée par de nouveaux traitements antipaludiques .Quinine, after having treated this disease for nearly a hundred years, is practically no longer effective today because of the resistance developed by the parasite. It must be replaced by new antimalarial treatments.
Des composés prometteurs ont été extraits de la plante dénommée Artemisia Annuae et donnent après transformations chimiques des molécules stables tels que l'artémisinine, la dihydroartémisinine,
1 ' artéméther ou l'artésunate pouvant être utilisés efficacement comme principes actifs antipaludiques .Promising compounds were extracted from the plant called Artemisia Annuae and give after chemical transformations stable molecules such as artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin, Artemether or artesunate that can be used effectively as antimalarial active ingredients.
Cependant, ces nouveaux composés sont très coûteux. Or, le paludisme touchant presque exclusivement les pays du tiers monde, le prix de revient d'un médicament obtenu à partir de ces composés doit être très faible pour rester supportable par les populations touchées par le parasite.However, these new compounds are very expensive. Since malaria affects almost exclusively the countries of the Third World, the cost price of a drug obtained from these compounds must be very low to remain bearable by the populations affected by the parasite.
Une forme galénique permettant de limiter la dose de principe actif utilisée sans compromettre son efficacité clinique est donc fortement souhaitée.A dosage form for limiting the dose of active ingredient used without compromising its clinical efficacy is therefore strongly desired.
Afin de limiter la quantité utilisée de composés issus de l'Artemisia Annuae, on a envisagé dans l'art antérieur d'associer ces composés à d'autres molécules chimiques connues pour leurs propriétés antipaludiques. On connaît ainsi par exemple une composition médicamenteuse à base d' artéméther et de luméfantrine.In order to limit the amount of compounds used in Artemisia Annuae, it has been envisaged in the prior art to associate these compounds with other chemical molecules known for their antimalarial properties. For example, a medicinal composition based on artemether and lumefantrine is known.
Ce genre d'association permet de remplacer une partie des principes actifs issus de l'ArtemisiaThis kind of association allows to replace some of the active ingredients from Artemisia
Annuae par d'autres molécules chimiques classiques beaucoup moins chères afin de diminuer le coût global du traitement.Annuae by other classic chemical molecules much cheaper to reduce the overall cost of treatment.
Une telle association a également pour but de retarder l'apparition de phénomènes de résistance du parasite vis-à-vis de ces nouvelles molécules, comme il en existe actuellement avec la chloroquine.Such an association is also intended to delay the appearance of resistance phenomena of the parasite vis-à-vis these new molecules, as it currently exists with chloroquine.
Cependant, les principes actifs issus de l'Artemisia Annuae, notamment l'artésunate, sont des molécules très fragiles, incompatibles avec de nombreuses autres molécules et en particulier avec les principes actifs antipaludiques connus.However, the active ingredients derived from Artemisia Annuae, in particular artesunate, are very fragile molecules, incompatible with many other molecules and in particular with the known antimalarial active ingredients.
Cette incompatibilité physico-chimique provoque une dégradation de l'artésunate pouvant conduire à son inactivité, lorsqu'il se trouve en contact prolongé avec d'autres principes actifs
antipaludiques par exemple au sein d'un même comprimé. Pour éviter de tels désagréments, on a imaginé des traitements nécessitant la prise simultanée de deux types de comprimés différents, les uns contenant un dérivé de l'Artemisia Annuae et les autres un principe actif chimique plus classique.This physico-chemical incompatibility causes a deterioration of artesunate that can lead to its inactivity, when it is in prolonged contact with other active ingredients antimalarials for example within the same tablet. To avoid such inconveniences, it has been devised treatments requiring the simultaneous taking of two different types of tablets, some containing a derivative of Artemisia Annuae and the other a more conventional chemical active ingredient.
Cependant, de tels traitements sont assez lourds à gérer pour les patients et occasionnent des risques d'erreurs pouvant être dramatiques. Le but de l'invention est de fournir une composition médicamenteuse antipaludique à base d'artésunate qui remédie à l'ensemble de ces problèmes .However, such treatments are quite cumbersome for patients to handle and can lead to errors that can be dramatic. The object of the invention is to provide an artesunate-based antimalarial drug composition that overcomes all of these problems.
Pour résoudre ce problème technique, l'invention fournit des sphéroïdes multicouches à action antipaludique qui comprennent au moins deux couches contenant chacune un principe actif, l'une contenant de l'artésunate et l'autre contenant un autre principe actif. L'autre principe actif est préférentiellement un autre composé antipaludique, tel que par exemple la luméfantrine, l ' amodiaquine , l'halofantrine, la piperaquine, la primaquine, la chloroquine ou la méfloquine. Il peut également s'agir d'un composé antibiotique, d'un composé antituberculeux ou d'un composé anti-parasitaire.To solve this technical problem, the invention provides multilayer spheroids antimalarial action which comprise at least two layers each containing an active ingredient, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient. The other active ingredient is preferably another antimalarial compound, such as, for example, lumefantrine, amodiaquine, halofantrine, piperaquine, primaquine, chloroquine or mefloquine. It may also be an antibiotic compound, an antituberculous compound or an anti-parasitic compound.
Avantageusement, la composition selon l'invention se présente sous une forme galénique de sphéroïdes, également appelées sphérules ou microsphères, qui garantit une bien meilleure libération des principes actifs dans les voies digestives qu'un comprimé classique, assurant ainsi une plus grande efficacité de la composition.Advantageously, the composition according to the invention is in a galenic form of spheroids, also called spherules or microspheres, which guarantees a much better release of the active ingredients in the digestive tract than a conventional tablet, thereby ensuring greater efficacy of the composition.
Il est ainsi possible de réaliser des compositions d'une grande efficacité tout en diminuant la dose d'artésunate utilisée.
II est ainsi prévu de réaliser des compositions contenant, pour les adultes, une dose deIt is thus possible to produce compositions of high efficiency while decreasing the dose of artesunate used. It is thus intended to produce compositions containing, for adults, a dose of
130 à 150 mg d'artésunate par prise au lieu des 200 mg par prise préconisés par l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé.130 to 150 mg artesunate per dose instead of the 200 mg taken by the World Health Organization.
On envisage également la réalisation de compositions plus faiblement dosées, destinées aux enfants et de préférence conditionnées en doses contenant une quantité inférieure ou égale à 100 mg d'artésunate par prise.It is also envisaged to produce compositions of lower dosage, intended for children and preferably packaged in doses containing less than or equal to 100 mg of artesunate per dose.
En diminuant la quantité d'artésunate nécessaire pour réaliser une formulation efficace, l'invention permet de faire fortement baisser le prix de revient du médicament. L'invention apporte ainsi une réponse adaptée à ce problème humanitaire et fournit un espoir pour toutes les populations concernées.By decreasing the amount of artesunate necessary to achieve an effective formulation, the invention can greatly reduce the cost price of the drug. The invention thus provides an appropriate response to this humanitarian problem and provides hope for all the populations concerned.
Par ailleurs, le montage des principes actifs sous la forme de couches successives d'un même sphéroïde garantit une certaine indépendance des molécules entre elles, assurant leur intégrité et leur efficacité, et ce même après un stockage prolongé. Le problème d'incompatibilité précédemment exposé est ainsi résolu. Chaque sphéroïde contient néanmoins une quantité appropriée d'artésunate et de l'autre ou des autres principe(s) actif (s) associé(s).Moreover, the assembly of the active ingredients in the form of successive layers of the same spheroid guarantees a certain independence of the molecules between them, ensuring their integrity and their effectiveness, even after prolonged storage. The problem of incompatibility previously exposed is thus solved. Each spheroid, however, contains an appropriate amount of artesunate and the other active ingredient (s) associated with it.
Pour plus de sécurité, il est également possible de prévoir des sphéroïdes dans lesquels au moins une couche contenant un principe actif est séparée de la couche adjacente contenant un autre principe actif par une couche ou un film de séparation hydrosoluble .For added security, it is also possible to provide spheroids in which at least one layer containing an active ingredient is separated from the adjacent layer containing another active ingredient by a layer or a water-soluble separation film.
De préférence, les sphéroïdes selon l'invention sont regroupés en doses unitaires, par exemple sous la forme de capsules, de gélules, de sachets, de comprimés ou autre, correspondant à une
quantité déterminée des principes actifs, préférentiellement en fonction de la posologie de la composition à respecter et permettant une prise plus facile par les patients. Grâce à l'invention, il est possible de réaliser une formulation unique, stable et efficace, de la composition antipaludique, qui regroupe en une seule prise unitaire de l'artésunate et un ou plusieurs autres principes actifs éventuellement incompatibles avec celui-ci. Le traitement est ainsi grandement simplifié pour les patients.Preferably, the spheroids according to the invention are grouped into unit doses, for example in the form of capsules, capsules, sachets, tablets or other, corresponding to a determined amount of the active ingredients, preferably according to the dosage of the composition to be respected and allowing an easier catch by the patients. Thanks to the invention, it is possible to achieve a unique stable and effective formulation of the antimalarial composition, which groups together in a single unit dose of artesunate and one or more other active ingredients possibly incompatible with it. The treatment is thus greatly simplified for patients.
Un autre avantage de la présente invention est de fournir une composition efficace sous une forme galénique plus pratique et beaucoup plus stable dans le temps même dans des conditions de stockage défavorables .Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an effective composition in a more convenient dosage form and much more stable over time even under adverse storage conditions.
En effet, dans les pays concernés les médicaments doivent supporter des conditions climatiques difficiles et des conditions de stockage extrêmement défavorables. Pour ces raisons, la plupart des médicaments classiques ont une durée de conservation nettement réduite dans ces conditions.In fact, in the countries concerned, the drugs have to withstand harsh climatic conditions and extremely unfavorable storage conditions. For these reasons, most conventional drugs have a significantly shorter shelf life under these conditions.
Avantageusement, les sphéroïdes selon l'invention constituent une forme galénique très stable, ne requérant pas de soin particulier pour le stockage et supportant très bien les conditions climatiques difficiles.Advantageously, the spheroids according to the invention constitute a very stable galenic form, requiring no particular care for storage and very well withstanding difficult climatic conditions.
De surcroît, cette forme galénique est extrêmement pratique pour les patients et ne nécessite pas les compétences d'un personnel formé pour son administration, contrairement aux médicaments injectables classiques.In addition, this dosage form is extremely convenient for patients and does not require the skills of trained personnel for its administration, unlike conventional injectable drugs.
L'invention enseigne également, à titre d'exemple, deux procédés permettant de fabriquer de tels sphéroïdes multicouches .The invention also teaches, by way of example, two methods for making such multilayer spheroids.
Le premier consiste à former successivement
autour d'un noyau neutre, au moins deux couches contenant un principe actif, l'une contenant de l'artésunate et l'autre contenant un autre principe actif. Le deuxième procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :The first is to train successively around a neutral nucleus, at least two layers containing an active ingredient, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient. The second method comprises the following steps:
. mélange d'un premier principe actif avec une substance absorbante et adsorbante et éventuellement avec un liquide d'humidification ; . extrusion du mélange ;. mixing a first active ingredient with an absorbent and adsorbent substance and optionally with a humidifying liquid; . extrusion of the mixture;
. sphéronisation des extrudats pour former des noyaux sphéronisés destinés à former la couche intérieure des sphéroïdes ;. spheronizing extrudates to form spheronized cores for forming the inner layer of spheroids;
. formation autour des noyaux sphéronisés d'au moins une couche contenant un autre principe actif ; l'un de ces principes actifs étant l'artésunate.. forming around the spheronized cores of at least one layer containing another active ingredient; one of these active ingredients being artesunate.
Au cours de ces procédés, une ou plusieurs étapes de formation d'une couche contenant un principe actif peu(ven)t avantageusement se faire par enrobage, imprégnation, pulvérisation ou projection, le principe actif étant pour cela préférentiellement mélangé à un agent de montage ou à un liant .During these processes, one or more steps of formation of a layer containing an active ingredient can advantageously be done by coating, impregnation, spraying or spraying, the active ingredient being for this reason preferentially mixed with a mounting agent. or a binder.
Ces deux procédés peuvent comprendre en outre au moins une étape de séchage et/ou une étape de calibrage.These two methods may further comprise at least one drying step and / or a calibration step.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
. la figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique d'une première variante de sphéroïde selon l'invention ; . la figure 2 est une vue en coupe schématique d'une deuxième variante de sphéroïde selon l'invention ; . la figure 3 est une vue en coupe schématique d'une troisième variante de sphéroïde selon
l ' invention ;. Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a first variant of spheroid according to the invention; . Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a second variant of spheroid according to the invention; . FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a third spheroid variant according to the invention;
. la figure 4 est une vue en coupe schématique d'une quatrième variante de sphéroïde selon l'invention. L'idée générale inventive consiste à réaliser des sphéroïdes antipaludiques comprenant au moins deux couches, l'une contenant de l'artésunate et l'autre contenant un autre principe actif, de préférence également antipaludique.. Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of a fourth variant of spheroid according to the invention. The general inventive idea consists in producing antimalarial spheroids comprising at least two layers, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient, preferably also antimalarial.
Dans cette demande, on entend par principe actif tout composé ayant un effet thérapeutique qui aboutit, participe ou favorise le résultat d'ensemble visé par la composition, ou qui contribue à l'amélioration de l'état de santé d'un patient atteint de paludisme, en luttant directement contre cette maladie ou en visant ou prévenant d'autres problèmes de santé liés à cette maladie ou pouvant accompagner celle-ci.In this application, active ingredient is understood to mean any compound having a therapeutic effect which results in, participates in or promotes the overall result targeted by the composition, or which contributes to the improvement of the state of health of a patient suffering from malaria, by fighting directly against this disease or by targeting or preventing other health problems related to this disease or that may accompany it.
Le premier principe actif des sphéroïdes selon l'invention est la molécule d'artésunate, par exemple sous forme de sel de sodium. Ce principe actif est issu de la plante Artemisia Annuae dans lequel il se trouve sous la forme d'un précurseur. Pour améliorer sa stabilité et sa solubilité, ce précurseur est ensuite transformé chimiquement en dihydroartémisinine puis en artésunate.The first active ingredient of the spheroids according to the invention is the artesunate molecule, for example in the form of sodium salt. This active ingredient is derived from the plant Artemisia Annuae in which it is in the form of a precursor. To improve its stability and solubility, this precursor is then chemically converted to dihydroartemisinin and artesunate.
Pour fabriquer les sphéroïdes de l'invention, l'artésunate peut être obtenu à partir de la plante Artemisia Annuae ou directement acheté dans le commerce. Le deuxième principe actif utilisé est préférentiellement un autre composé antipaludique de façon à renforcer l'effet et à compléter l'action de l'artésunate, tout en limitant l'apparition de phénomènes de résistance du parasite. On peut citer par exemple et de manière non limitative la luméfantrine, l'amodiaquine,
l'halofantrine, la piperaquine, la primaquine, la chloroquine, la méfloquine ou tout autre composé antipaludique approprié.To make the spheroids of the invention, artesunate can be obtained from the Artemisia Annuae plant or directly purchased commercially. The second active ingredient used is preferably another antimalarial compound so as to enhance the effect and complete the action of artesunate, while limiting the appearance of resistance phenomena of the parasite. For example, and without limitation, lumefantrine, amodiaquine, halofantrine, piperaquine, primaquine, chloroquine, mefloquine or any other appropriate antimalarial compound.
Mais, il peut s'agir également de tout autre principe actif tel que défini précédemment, notamment un composé antibiotique pour contrer les maladies infectieuses associées, par exemple à base de cortisone, un composé anti-tuberculeux ou un composé anti-parasitaire . En plus de ces principes actifs, les sphéroïdes selon l'invention peuvent contenir d'autres substances telles que par exemple des vitamines, des minéraux, des oligoéléments, des composés augmentant l'efficacité des principes actifs, les protégeant ou aidant à leur libération rapide, des arômes, des composés liants, des composés glissants, des composés lubrifiants, des tensioactifs, des sucres simples à faible pouvoir énergétique, du lactose, du sorbitol, du mannitol, des maltodextrines, des carbonates, des citrates, de la gélatine, de la polyvinylpyrrolidone, des dérivés cellulosiques, de la carboxyméthylcellulose sodique réticulée ou tout autre composé approprié.However, it may also be any other active ingredient as defined above, in particular an antibiotic compound for combating infectious diseases, for example based on cortisone, an anti-tuberculosis compound or an anti-parasitic compound. In addition to these active ingredients, the spheroids according to the invention may contain other substances such as for example vitamins, minerals, trace elements, compounds increasing the effectiveness of the active ingredients, protecting them or helping their rapid release. , flavors, binding compounds, slip compounds, lubricating compounds, surfactants, low-energy simple sugars, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrins, carbonates, citrates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulosic derivatives, cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose or any other suitable compound.
Les sphéroïdes selon l'invention ne sont pas limités à deux couches et peuvent en comporter plus. La ou les couches supplémentaires peuvent contenir un ou plusieurs principes actifs, identiques ou différents des précédents, ou tout autre substance végétale, organique ou minérale appropriée. Les sphéroïdes multicouches selonThe spheroids according to the invention are not limited to two layers and may comprise more. The additional layer or layers may contain one or more active ingredients, which are identical or different from the preceding ones, or any other appropriate vegetable, organic or mineral substance. Multilayer spheroids according to
1 ' invention peuvent en outre être revêtus en périphérie d'une pellicule de protection.The invention may further be coated on the periphery of a protective film.
Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, l'artésunate est avantageusement contenu dans la couche extérieure des sphéroïdes. L'artésunate est ainsi libéré en premier et très rapidement dans
l'organisme du patient, ce qui garantit une efficacité maximale de la composition antipaludique selon 1 'invention.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the artesunate is advantageously contained in the outer layer of the spheroids. Artesunate is thus released first and very quickly in the body of the patient, which guarantees maximum effectiveness of the antimalarial composition according to the invention.
Néanmoins, il est également possible, sans sortir du cadre, ni de la portée de l'invention, de réaliser des sphéroïdes dans lesquels l'artésunate est contenu dans une couche interne, centrale ou non, des sphéroïdes. Dans ce cas, le deuxième principe actif est libéré avant l'artésunate. Plusieurs procédés de fabrication permettent de réaliser les sphéroïdes selon l'invention. Deux exemples non limitatifs de tels procédés vont maintenant être détaillés. Les figures qui accompagnent la présente description, représentent schématiquement différents exemples de sphéroïdes obtenus par ces deux procédés.Nevertheless, it is also possible, without departing from the scope or scope of the invention, to produce spheroids in which artesunate is contained in an inner layer, central or otherwise, spheroids. In this case, the second active ingredient is released before artesunate. Several manufacturing processes make it possible to produce the spheroids according to the invention. Two non-limiting examples of such methods will now be detailed. The figures accompanying the present description schematically show different examples of spheroids obtained by these two methods.
Les sphéroïdes selon l'invention peuvent être obtenus par un procédé consistant à enrober un noyau neutre de plusieurs couches périphériques successives contenant les principes actifs.The spheroids according to the invention can be obtained by a process consisting in coating a neutral core with several successive peripheral layers containing the active principles.
Pour cela par exemple, on peut placer le noyau neutre dans une turbine et l'enrober avec le principe actif devant se trouver dans la couche la plus interne mélangé à un agent de montage ou un liant.For this, for example, the neutral core can be placed in a turbine and coated with the active ingredient to be in the innermost layer mixed with a mounting agent or a binder.
Comme agent de montage, on peut citer par exemple les polymères métacryliques, la gomme laque, la polyvinylpyrrolidone ou autre.As a mounting agent, there may be mentioned, for example, methacrylic polymers, shellac, polyvinylpyrrolidone or the like.
La fixation du principe actif sur le noyau neutre peut également être réalisée par imprégnation, pulvérisation ou projection de celui-ci sur le noyau neutre, le principe actif étant éventuellement mélangé à un agent de montage ou un liant par exemple liquide, huileux, cireux ou sous forme d'aérosol. Après séchage, on procède de la même façon pour la deuxième couche du sphéroïde contenant le
deuxième principe actif, puis après un nouveau séchage pour les éventuelles couches ultérieures.The attachment of the active ingredient to the neutral nucleus may also be carried out by impregnation, spraying or spraying it onto the neutral nucleus, the active principle being optionally mixed with a mounting agent or a binder, for example liquid, oily, waxy or aerosol form. After drying, the same procedure is followed for the second layer of the spheroid containing the second active ingredient, then after a new drying for any subsequent layers.
Le séchage peut se faire par chauffage léger par exemple à une température comprise entre 30 et 400C ou par une simple exposition à l'air libre pendant une durée suffisante.The drying can be done by light heating for example at a temperature between 30 and 40 0 C or by simple exposure to the open air for a sufficient time.
Afin de mieux séparer les principes actifs et éviter ainsi tout problème d'incompatibilité, il est possible de séparer les différentes couches du sphéroïde, ou certaines d'entre elles seulement, par une couche de séparation hydrosoluble, réalisée par exemple par enrobage, imprégnation, projection ou pulvérisation .In order to better separate the active principles and thus avoid any problem of incompatibility, it is possible to separate the various layers of the spheroid, or only some of them, by a water-soluble separation layer, produced for example by coating, impregnation, projection or spraying.
Cette couche de séparation est préfèrentiellement d'épaisseur fine et formée d'une matière inerte, très facilement soluble quel que soit le pH pour ne pas gêner la libération des principes actifs. Il s'agit notamment d'une membrane hydrosoluble réalisée par exemple à partir d'un composé couramment appelé « pharmacroute » dans le domaine technique concerné, ou d'un composé d'éthylcellulose, de gomme laque, de polyvinylpyrrolidone ou autre.This separation layer is preferably thin in thickness and formed of an inert material, very easily soluble whatever the pH so as not to hinder the release of the active ingredients. It is in particular a water-soluble membrane made for example from a compound commonly known as "pharmacoute" in the technical field concerned, or a compound of ethylcellulose, shellac, polyvinylpyrrolidone or other.
Enfin, le sphéroïde résultant peut, de manière optionnelle, être revêtu en périphérie d'une pellicule extérieure en vue de le protéger par exemple de l ' humidité extérieure ou des hautes températures .Finally, the resulting spheroid may optionally be coated at the periphery of an outer skin for example to protect it from external moisture or high temperatures.
Cette pellicule est préférentiellement réalisée au moyen d'un polymère à dissolution très rapide, par exemple de type eudragit E30D.This film is preferably produced by means of a very fast dissolving polymer, for example of the eudragit E30D type.
Cette pellicule extérieure peut également être un revêtement résistant permettant de protéger les molécules de principe actif sensibles au pH faible de l'estomac ou dégradées par les enzymes de la lumière intestinale.This outer skin may also be a resistant coating for protecting the active ingredient molecules sensitive to low pH of the stomach or degraded by the enzymes of the intestinal lumen.
Elle peut également permettre de réguler la
libération du principe actif dans l'organisme. La libération peut ainsi être retardée afin de délivrer le principe actif de manière sélective à certains niveaux du système digestif, par exemple au niveau gastrique et dans les parties supérieures de l'intestin grêle.It can also help to regulate the release of the active ingredient into the body. The release can thus be delayed in order to deliver the active ingredient selectively to certain levels of the digestive system, for example at the gastric level and in the upper parts of the small intestine.
Avec un tel procédé, on obtient des sphéroïdes multicouches 1 similaires à ceux représentés schématiquement sur les figures 1 et 2. Le sphéroïde 1 présente un noyau 2 réalisé en une matière neutre, telle que par exemple un mélange de sucre et d'amidon, un cristal de sucre, de manitol ou de sorbitol.With such a method, multilayer spheroids 1 similar to those shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2 are obtained. The spheroid 1 has a core 2 made of a neutral material, such as, for example, a mixture of sugar and starch, a crystal of sugar, manitol or sorbitol.
Le noyau 2 est recouvert d'une première couche 3 contenant le premier principe actif. Une deuxième couche 4 contenant le deuxième principe actif recouvre l'ensemble.The core 2 is covered with a first layer 3 containing the first active ingredient. A second layer 4 containing the second active ingredient covers the assembly.
Selon la variante représentée sur la figureAccording to the variant shown in the figure
2 , une couche de séparation 5 a été réalisée entre la couche interne 3 et la couche externe 4 du sphéroïde de manière à mieux séparer les principes actifs contenus dans ces deux couches afin d'éviter tout problème d'incompatibilité.2, a separation layer 5 has been made between the inner layer 3 and the outer layer 4 of the spheroid so as to better separate the active principles contained in these two layers in order to avoid any problem of incompatibility.
Le sphéroïde 1 résultant est ensuite revêtu en périphérie d'une pellicule extérieure 6 en vue de le protéger de l'humidité et des conditions extérieures .The resulting spheroid 1 is then coated on the periphery of an outer skin 6 to protect it from moisture and external conditions.
Les sphéroïdes selon l'invention peuvent également être obtenus par un procédé d'extrusion sphéronisation.The spheroids according to the invention can also be obtained by a spheronization extrusion process.
Selon ce procédé, le premier principe actif, c'est-à-dire celui devant se retrouver dans la partie centrale du sphéroïde, est mélangé à une substance absorbante et adsorbante . La substance absorbante et adsorbante est préférentiellement de type polymère naturel ou
synthétique et se présente le plus souvent sous la forme d'une poudre. Pour être acceptable, cette substance absorbante doit en outre posséder des propriétés plastiques compatibles avec les étapes d'extrusion et de sphéronisation de la suite du procédé selon l'invention.According to this method, the first active ingredient, that is to say that which must be found in the central part of the spheroid, is mixed with an absorbent and adsorbent substance. The absorbent and adsorbent substance is preferably of the natural polymer type or synthetic and is most often in the form of a powder. To be acceptable, this absorbent substance must also have plastic properties compatible with the extrusion and spheronization steps of the following process according to the invention.
En tant que polymères présentant des propriétés absorbantes et adsorbantes convenables et des caractéristiques plastiques satisfaisantes, on peut par exemple citer les celluloses microcristallines, les celluloses microfines, les polymères cellulosiques hydroxypropylés faiblement substitués, les amidons, les amidons modifiés et les polysaccharides . Cependant, on peut envisager d'utiliser pour réaliser l'invention toute autre substance solide présentant des propriétés absorbantes et adsorbantes appropriées et des propriétés plastiques compatibles avec le procédé de l'invention. Lors de cette étape de mélange, la masse de substance absorbante, qui est le plus souvent sèche, est également mélangé si nécessaire avec un liquide d'humidification, aqueux ou non aqueux, jusqu'à l'obtention d'une pâte homogène et malléable pouvant subir les étapes suivantes du procédé, c'est-à-dire une extrusion et une sphéronisation.Suitable polymers having suitable absorbent and adsorbent properties and satisfactory plastic characteristics include, for example, microcrystalline celluloses, microfine celluloses, weakly substituted hydroxypropyl cellulosic polymers, starches, modified starches and polysaccharides. However, it is conceivable to use to carry out the invention any other solid substance having suitable absorbent and adsorbent properties and plastic properties compatible with the method of the invention. During this mixing step, the mass of absorbent substance, which is most often dry, is also mixed if necessary with an aqueous or non-aqueous moistening liquid until a homogeneous and malleable paste is obtained. being able to undergo the following steps of the process, that is to say an extrusion and a spheronization.
Le liquide d'humidification sert également de véhicule pour transporter et déposer le premier principe actif jusqu'au coeur de la substance absorbante et adsorbante, dans les microcavités du polymère.The moistening liquid also serves as a vehicle for transporting and depositing the first active ingredient to the heart of the absorbent and adsorbent substance in the microcavities of the polymer.
Lorsque le principe actif se trouve sous forme liquide ou en solution, l'ajout d'un liquide d'humidification n'est pas forcément nécessaire. Cet ajout est cependant indispensable, lorsque la quantité de liquide est insuffisante pour assurer au mélange
les propriétés souhaitées.When the active ingredient is in liquid form or in solution, the addition of a moistening liquid is not necessarily necessary. This addition is however essential, when the quantity of liquid is insufficient to ensure the mixture the desired properties.
Dans le cas d'un principe actif d'origine végétale, il peut être avantageux d'utiliser comme liquide d'humidification pour le mouillage, une solution d'origine végétale, obtenue à partir du végétal dont est issu le principe actif par tout moyen approprié et notamment par extraction, préférentiellement aqueuse, alcoolique ou hydroalcoolique, par macération, infusion, décoction, digestion, lixiviation ou analogue. Il s'agit le plus souvent d'un extrait végétal liquide et par exemple selon sa concentration d'une teinture mère, d'une teinture officinale ou d'un extrait liquide.In the case of an active ingredient of vegetable origin, it may be advantageous to use as humidifying liquid for wetting, a solution of plant origin, obtained from the plant from which the active principle is derived by any means. suitable and in particular by extraction, preferably aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic, by maceration, infusion, decoction, digestion, leaching or the like. It is most often a liquid plant extract and for example according to its concentration of a mother tincture, an officinal tincture or a liquid extract.
En apportant à la composition les multiples composés qui accompagnaient le principe actif ou son précurseur au sein du végétal, cette solution d'origine végétale renforce l'efficacité du principe actif.By bringing to the composition the multiple compounds that accompanied the active ingredient or its precursor within the plant, this solution of plant origin enhances the effectiveness of the active ingredient.
Dans le cas de l'artésunate, on pourra par exemple avantageusement utiliser une teinture mère d'Artemisia Annuae comme liquide d'humidification.In the case of artesunate, it will be possible for example advantageously to use a mother tincture of Artemisia Annuae as a humidifying liquid.
Le procédé de fabrication consiste ensuite à extruder la masse humide à travers une filière à orifices calibrés. Pendant le processus d'extrusion, la masse humidifiée est tassée et transformée par étirement en filaments compacts, de section généralement cylindrique et définie, appelés « extrudats ».The manufacturing process then consists of extruding the wet mass through a die with calibrated orifices. During the extrusion process, the wetted mass is compacted and stretched into compact filaments of generally cylindrical and defined cross-sectional area, referred to as "extrudates".
On place ensuite les « extrudats » dans un appareil cylindrique appelé « sphéroniseur » contenant en sa partie inférieure un disque cannelé tournant à une vitesse variable et contrôlée. Sous l'effet de la force centrifuge exercée par la rotation du disque tournant, les « extrudats » se fragmentent régulièrement, puis se transforment en sphères par un effet de roulage-liage. On obtient ainsi les noyaux
sphéronisés destinés à constituer la couche intérieure des sphéroïdes multicouches selon l'invention.The "extrudates" are then placed in a cylindrical apparatus called "spheronizer" containing in its lower part a corrugated disc rotating at a variable and controlled speed. Under the effect of the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation of the rotating disk, the "extrudates" are fragmented regularly, then turn into spheres by a rolling-binding effect. The nuclei are thus obtained spheronized to form the inner layer of multilayer spheroids according to the invention.
De manière optionnelle, les noyaux sphéronisés peuvent être calibrés par exemple au moyen d'un ensemble de tamis, afin d'obtenir des particules sphériques de granulométrie choisie.Optionally, the spheronized cores can be calibrated for example by means of a set of sieves, in order to obtain spherical particles of selected particle size.
Ces noyaux sphéronisés subissent ensuite une étape d'enrobage qui consiste à réaliser autour d'eux une couche supplémentaire, une fois ceux-ci formés par les étapes de mélange, d'extrusion et de sphéronisation décrites ci-dessus.These spheronized cores then undergo a coating step which consists in producing around them an additional layer, once formed by the mixing, extrusion and spheronization steps described above.
La couche supplémentaire d'enrobage contient le deuxième principe actif, c'est-à-dire celui destiné à se retrouver en périphérie des sphéroïdes. Cette étape d'enrobage est de préférence réalisée après un séchage des noyaux sphéronisés issus de l'étape de sphéronisation, préférentiellement conduit à une température comprise entre 30 et 400C ou réalisé par une exposition à l'air libre pendant une durée suffisante.The additional coating layer contains the second active ingredient, that is to say that intended to be found at the periphery of the spheroids. This coating step is preferably carried out after drying of the spheronized cores resulting from the spheronization step, preferably carried out at a temperature of between 30 and 40 ° C. or carried out by exposure to the open air for a sufficient duration.
La couche d'enrobage se dépose alors sur les noyaux sphéronisés sensiblement sans mélange avec le premier principe actif présent au coeur des noyaux. On évite ainsi avantageusement les problèmes d'interaction et d'incompatibilité physico-chimique entre les deux principes actifs. Ceux-ci peuvent coexister parallèlement sans interaction néfaste, de la production des sphéroïdes jusqu'à leur administration et même en cas de stockage de longue durée.The coating layer is then deposited on the spheronized cores substantially without mixing with the first active ingredient present in the core of the cores. This advantageously avoids the problems of interaction and physico-chemical incompatibility between the two active ingredients. These can coexist in parallel without harmful interaction, from the production of spheroids to their administration and even in case of long-term storage.
L'invention résout ainsi de façon très simple et pratique le problème d'incompatibilité entre l'artésunate et certains principes actifs qui rend leur association impossible au sein des formes galéniques classiques, notamment des comprimés, et qui conduit traditionnellement à des traitements lourds
et/ou délicats à mettre en oeuvre à base de prises multiples ou de mélange in situ.The invention thus solves in a very simple and practical way the problem of incompatibility between artesunate and certain active principles which makes their association impossible within conventional dosage forms, in particular tablets, and which traditionally leads to heavy treatments. and / or difficult to implement based on multiple catches or in situ mixing.
Cette étape d'enrobage peut être répétée plusieurs fois, de manière à réaliser autant de couches successives que désirées, contenant à chaque fois un principe actif différent ou une substance auxiliaire annexe.This coating step may be repeated several times, so as to make as many successive layers as desired, each containing a different active ingredient or an auxiliary auxiliary substance.
Comme dans le premier procédé décrit, cette ou ces étape(s) d'enrobage peuvent être remplacées par une ou plusieurs étapes de fixation du principe actif par imprégnation, pulvérisation ou projection de celui-ci, seul ou en mélange avec un agent de montage ou un liant.As in the first method described, this or these coating step (s) may be replaced by one or more steps of attachment of the active ingredient by impregnation, spraying or spraying thereof, alone or in admixture with a mounting agent or a binder.
Afin d'éviter les mélanges et les interactions entre les couches successives, il est préférable d'intercaler une étape de séchage entre chaque étape de fixation d'un principe actif par enrobage ou tout autre méthode.In order to avoid mixing and interactions between the successive layers, it is preferable to insert a drying step between each step of fixing an active ingredient by coating or any other method.
Avec ce deuxième procédé, on obtient des sphéroïdes multicouches 1 similaires à ceux représentés schématiquement sur les figures 3 et 4.With this second method, we obtain multilayer spheroids 1 similar to those shown schematically in Figures 3 and 4.
Le sphéroïde 1 représenté comporte un noyau sphéronisé 7 central, réalisé par extrusion sphéronisation et contenant le premier principe actif absorbé et/ou adsorbé sur une matière absorbante telle que par exemple de la cellulose microcristalline.The spheroid 1 shown has a central spheronized core 7, made by extrusion spheronization and containing the first active ingredient absorbed and / or adsorbed on an absorbent material such as for example microcrystalline cellulose.
Ce noyau 7 est entouré d'une couche périphérique 8 contenant le deuxième principe actif.This core 7 is surrounded by a peripheral layer 8 containing the second active ingredient.
Comme représenté sur la figure 4, on peut comme précédemment envisager une variante comportant une couche de séparation 9 entre le noyau central 7 contenant le premier principe actif et la couche périphérique 8 contenant le deuxième principe actif de manière à mieux séparer les principes actifs et éviter tout problème d'incompatibilité.As shown in FIG. 4, it is possible, as previously, to envisage a variant comprising a separation layer 9 between the central core 7 containing the first active ingredient and the peripheral layer 8 containing the second active ingredient so as to better separate the active ingredients and avoid any incompatibility problem.
Une telle couche de séparation peut être
répétée si nécessaire entre chacune, ou certaines seulement, des couches suivantes du sphéroïde 1.Such a separation layer can be repeated if necessary between each, or only some, of the following layers of spheroid 1.
Le sphéroïde 1 résultant peut également, de manière optionnelle, être revêtu en périphérie d'une pellicule de protection 10, par exemple contre l'humidité, la chaleur, les conditions agressives de l'organisme ou à effet retard.The resulting spheroid 1 may also, optionally, be coated on the periphery of a protective film 10, for example against moisture, heat, aggressive conditions of the body or delay effect.
Pour leur conférer des propriétés supplémentaires, les sphéroïdes selon l'invention peuvent également contenir des substances auxiliaires, telles que par exemple d'autres excipients couramment utilisés avec les techniques actuelles, notamment des liants, des composés glissants, des composés lubrifiants, des tensioactifs ou autres. Ces substances auxiliaires peuvent également être des composés destinés à améliorer les résultats ou la qualité des sphéroïdes selon l'invention ou à leur conférer de nouvelles propriétés. Il peut ainsi s'agir de vitamines, de minéraux et/ou d'autres composants organiques. On peut citer à titre d'exemple des sucres simples à faible pouvoir énergétique, des substances minérales et organiques pouvant correspondre en particulier à du lactose, du sorbitol, du mannitol, des maltodextrines, carbonates, citrates, de la gélatine, de la polyvinylpyrrolidone ou un dérivé cellulosique (éthyl, méthyl ou carboxy) et notamment la carboxyméthylcellulose sodique réticulée.To give them additional properties, the spheroids according to the invention may also contain auxiliary substances, such as, for example, other excipients commonly used with current techniques, in particular binders, slip compounds, lubricating compounds, surfactants or other. These auxiliary substances may also be compounds intended to improve the results or the quality of the spheroids according to the invention or to give them new properties. It can thus be vitamins, minerals and / or other organic components. Examples that may be mentioned include simple sugars with a low energy content, and mineral and organic substances that may correspond in particular to lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrins, carbonates, citrates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone or a cellulose derivative (ethyl, methyl or carboxy) and in particular sodium carboxymethylcellulose crosslinked.
Les sphéroïdes selon l'invention sont stables dans le temps, faciles à contrôler et reproductibles . Ils sont d'utilisation simple et pratique. Ils peuvent être stockés sans précautions, ni soins particuliers et sont facilement transportables car ils sont légers, peu encombrants et peu fragiles. Les sphéroïdes selon la présente invention peuvent être présentés tels quels en vrac ou en
distributeur doseur, ou regroupés en gélules, en capsules, en comprimés, en sachets ou toute autre forme appropriée .The spheroids according to the invention are stable over time, easy to control and reproducible. They are of simple and practical use. They can be stored without precautions, nor particular care and are easily transportable because they are light, little bulky and not very fragile. The spheroids according to the present invention can be presented as such in bulk or in dosing dispenser, or grouped into capsules, capsules, tablets, sachets or any other suitable form.
De façon préférentielle, ils sont regroupés en capsules ou gélules, correspondant à une quantité de principe actif déterminée en fonction de la posologie spécifique de la composition et permettant une prise unitaire plus facile.Preferably, they are grouped into capsules or capsules, corresponding to an amount of active ingredient determined according to the specific dosage of the composition and allowing an easier unit setting.
Les sphéroïdes multicouches à base d'artésunate réalisés selon l'invention font preuve d'une efficacité surprenante.The artesunate-based multilayer spheroids produced according to the invention are surprisingly effective.
En effet, l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé préconise pour le traitement du paludisme une dose utile de 200 mg d'artésunate deux fois par jour pendant trois jours. Avec les sphéroïdes selon l'invention, les tests cliniques ont montré qu'avec un tel dosage le parasite disparaît dans le sang en quarante huit heures seulement.In fact, the World Health Organization recommends for the treatment of malaria a useful dose of 200 mg artesunate twice a day for three days. With the spheroids according to the invention, clinical tests have shown that with such an assay the parasite disappears into the blood in only forty-eight hours.
En conservant le schéma de traitement conseillé par l'OMS, soit deux prises par jour pendant trois jours, on peut réaliser avec l'invention une composition médicamenteuse antipaludique se présentant sous la forme de sphéroïdes selon l'invention regroupés en vue de prises unitaires efficaces contenant une dose inférieure ou égale à 150 mg d'artésunate par prise pour un adulte ou inférieure ou égale à 100 mg d'artésunate par prise pour un enfant. Si les essais cliniques le confirment, on espère même réaliser des sphéroïdes présentant une efficacité suffisante lorsqu'ils sont conditionnés en doses contenant environ 120 mg d'artésunate par prise pour un adulte.By keeping the treatment scheme recommended by the WHO, that is two doses per day for three days, it is possible to carry out with the invention an antimalarial drug composition in the form of spheroids according to the invention grouped together for effective unitary intakes. containing a dose less than or equal to 150 mg artesunate per dose for an adult or less than or equal to 100 mg artesunate per intake for a child. If confirmed by clinical trials, it is even hoped to achieve spheroids with sufficient efficacy when packaged in doses containing about 120 mg of artesunate per dose for an adult.
Il est ainsi possible de réduire le risque d'apparition de phénomènes de résistance et surtout de faire considérablement baisser le coût d'un traitement antipaludique, ce qui est un aspect crucial pour les
pays frappés par cette maladie.It is thus possible to reduce the risk of occurrence of resistance phenomena and especially to considerably reduce the cost of antimalarial treatment, which is a crucial aspect for patients. affected by this disease.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture des exemples suivants.The present invention will be better understood on reading the following examples.
Les présents inventeurs ont réalisés des sphéroïdes efficaces cliniquement en mettant en oeuvre successivement chacun des deux procédés précédemment décrits.The present inventors have made clinically effective spheroids by successively implementing each of the two previously described methods.
Ces sphéroïdes présentent une couche intérieure contenant de la luméfantrine et une couche extérieure contenant de l'artésunate.These spheroids have an inner layer containing lumefantrine and an outer layer containing artesunate.
Ces sphéroïdes ont été regroupés en gélules correspondant chacune à la quantité de sphéroïdes pour une prise unitaire établie selon les quantités suivantes :These spheroids have been grouped into capsules, each corresponding to the quantity of spheroids for a unit dose established according to the following quantities:
Exemple 1 : Posologie adulteExample 1: Adult dosage
- artésunate : 150 mg- artesunate: 150 mg
- luméfantrine : 20 mg- lumefantrine: 20 mg
Exemple 2 : Posologie enfantExample 2: Child Dosage
- artésunate : 100 mg- artesunate: 100 mg
- luméfantrine : 20 mg- lumefantrine: 20 mg
De manière évidente, l'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples préférentiels décrits précédemment et représentés sur les différentes figures, l'homme du métier pouvant y apporter des modifications et envisager d'autres variantes sans sortir de la portée et du cadre de l'invention.
Obviously, the invention is not limited to the preferred examples described above and shown in the various figures, the skilled person may make changes and consider other variants without departing from the scope and scope of the invention.
Claims
1. Sphéroïdes multicouches ( 1 ) à action antipaludique caractérisés en ce qu'ils comprennent au moins une couche contenant de l'artésunate et au moins une autre couche contenant un autre principe actif.1. Multilayer spheroids (1) antimalarial action characterized in that they comprise at least one layer containing artesunate and at least one other layer containing another active ingredient.
2. Sphéroïdes multicouches ( 1 ) selon la revendication précédente caractérisés en ce que l'autre principe actif est un autre composé antipaludique.2. Multilayer spheroids (1) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the other active ingredient is another antimalarial compound.
3. Sphéroïdes multicouches ( 1 ) selon la revendication précédente caractérisés en ce que l'autre principe actif est la luméfantrine, 1 ' amodiaquine , 1 ' halofantrine, la piperaquine, la primaquine, la chloroquine ou la méfloquine.3. Multilayer spheroids (1) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the other active ingredient is lumefantrine, amodiaquine, halofantrine, piperaquine, primaquine, chloroquine or mefloquine.
4. Sphéroïdes multicouches ( 1 ) selon la revendication 1 caractérisés en ce que l'autre principe actif est un composé antibiotique, un composé anti-tuberculeux ou un composé anti-parasitaire . 4. Multilayer spheroids (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the other active ingredient is an antibiotic compound, an anti-tuberculosis compound or an anti-parasitic compound.
5. Sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisés en ce que 1 ' artésunate est contenu dans la couche extérieure (4, 8) des sphéroïdes (1) .5. Multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the artesunate is contained in the outer layer (4, 8) of the spheroids (1).
6. Sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisés en ce qu'ils contiennent en outre des vitamines, des minéraux, des oligoéléments, des arômes, des composés liants, des composés glissants, des composés lubrifiants, des tensioactifs, des sucres simples à faible pouvoir énergétique, du lactose, du sorbitol, du mannitol, des maltodextrines, des carbonates, des citrates, de la gélatine, de la polyvinylpyrrolidone, des dérivés cellulosiques ou de la carboxyméthylcellulose sodique réticulée. 7. Sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisés en ce qu'ils comprennent au moins une couche ou un film de séparation (5, 9) hydrosoluble, séparant une couche (3, 6. Multilayer spheroids (1) according to any preceding claim characterized in that they further contain vitamins, minerals, trace elements, flavors, binding compounds, slippery compounds, lubricating compounds, surfactants low-energy simple sugars, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrins, carbonates, citrates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose derivatives or crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose. 7. Multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that they comprise at least one water-soluble separation layer or film (5, 9) separating a layer (3,
7) contenant un principe actif d'une autre couche (4, 8) adjacente contenant un autre principe actif.7) containing an active ingredient of another adjacent layer (4, 8) containing another active ingredient.
8. Sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont revêtus en périphérie d'une pellicule de protection (6, 10) . 8. Multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that they are coated on the periphery of a protective film (6, 10).
9. Composition médicamenteuse antipaludique caractérisée en ce qu'elle se présente sous la forme de sphéroïdes multicouches ( 1 ) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8.9. An antimalarial drug composition characterized in that it is in the form of multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Composition médicamenteuse antipaludique selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce qu'elle se présente sous la forme de sphéroïdes bicouches ( 1 ) , dont la couche intérieure (3, 7) contient un principe actif antipaludique différent de l'artésunate et dont la couche extérieure (4, 8) contient de l'artésunate.10. Antimalarial drug composition according to the preceding claim characterized in that it is in the form of bilayer spheroids (1), the inner layer (3, 7) contains an antimalarial active ingredient other than artesunate and whose layer outer (4, 8) contains artesunate.
11. Composition médicamenteuse antipaludique selon la revendication 9 ou 10 caractérisée en ce que les sphéroïdes ( 1 ) sont regroupés en vue de prises unitaires contenant une dose inférieure ou égale à 150 mg d'artésunate par prise pour un adulte ou inférieure ou égale à 100 mg d'artésunate par prise pour un enfant.11. Antimalarial drug composition according to claim 9 or 10 characterized in that the spheroids (1) are grouped for single shots containing a dose less than or equal to 150 mg of artesunate per intake for an adult or less than or equal to 100 Artesunate mg per intake for a child.
12. Composition médicamenteuse antipaludique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11 caractérisée en ce que les sphéroïdes (1) sont regroupés en capsules, en gélules, en sachets ou en comprimés correspondant à une quantité déterminée des principes actifs.12. An antimalarial drug composition according to any one of claims 9 to 11 characterized in that the spheroids (1) are grouped into capsules, capsules, sachets or tablets corresponding to a predetermined amount of the active ingredients.
13. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à former successivement autour d'un noyau neutre (2), au moins deux couches (3, 4) contenant un principe actif, l'une contenant de l'artésunate et l'autre contenant un autre principe actif. 13. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that it consists to form successively around a neutral core (2), at least two layers (3, 4) containing an active ingredient, one containing artesunate and the other containing another active ingredient.
14. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que le noyau neutre (2) est un mélange de sucre et d'amidon ou un cristal de sucre, de manitol ou de sorbitol. 14. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the neutral nucleus (2) is a mixture of sugar and starch or a crystal of sugar, manitol or sorbitol.
15. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :15. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
. mélange d'un premier principe actif avec une substance absorbante et adsorbante et éventuellement avec un liquide d'humidification ; . extrusion du mélange ;. mixing a first active ingredient with an absorbent and adsorbent substance and optionally with a humidifying liquid; . extrusion of the mixture;
. sphéronisation des extrudats pour former des noyaux sphéronisés (7) destinés à former la couche intérieure des sphéroïdes ;. spheronizing the extrudates to form spheronized cores (7) for forming the inner layer of the spheroids;
. formation autour des noyaux sphéronisés (7) d'au moins une couche (8) contenant un autre principe actif ; et en ce que l'un de ces principes actifs est 1 ' artésunate .. forming around the spheronized cores (7) at least one layer (8) containing another active ingredient; and in that one of these active ingredients is artesunate.
16. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que la substance absorbante et adsorbante est une cellulose microcristalline, une cellulose microfine, un polymère cellulosique hydroxypropylé faiblement substitué, un amidon, un amidon modifié ou un polysaccharide .16. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the absorbent and adsorbent material is a microcrystalline cellulose, a microfine cellulose, a low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulosic polymer, a starch, a modified starch or a polysaccharide.
17. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 16 caractérisé en ce que la formation d'au moins une couche (3, 4, 8) contenant un principe actif se fait par enrobage, imprégnation, pulvérisation ou projection.17. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 16 characterized in that the formation of at least one layer (3, 4, 8) containing a active principle is by coating, impregnation, spraying or projection.
18. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que, pour cette étape de formation, le principe actif est mélangé à un agent de montage ou à un liant.18. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to the preceding claim characterized in that for this forming step, the active ingredient is mixed with a mounting agent or a binder.
19. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 18 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre au moins une étape de séchage.19. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 18 characterized in that it further comprises at least one drying step.
20. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches ( 1 ) selon la revendication précédente caractérisé en ce que le séchage est effectué par chauffage à une température comprise entre 30 et 400C ou par exposition à l'air libre pendant une durée suffisante.20. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the drying is carried out by heating at a temperature between 30 and 40 0 C or by exposure to the air for a sufficient time.
21. Procédé de fabrication de sphéroïdes multicouches (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 20 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une étape de calibrage. 21. A method of manufacturing multilayer spheroids (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 20 characterized in that it further comprises a calibration step.
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FR0702667A FR2914860B1 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2007-04-12 | MULTILAYER SPHEROIDS WITH ANTIPALUDITIC ACTION IN WHICH ONE OF THE LAYERS CONTAINS ARTESUNATE |
FR0702667 | 2007-04-12 |
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WO2013107776A2 (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-25 | L'oreal | Cosmetic composition comprising encapsulated pigments and reflective particles predispersed in an oil |
EP2774603A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | L'Oréal | Colour changing composition in emulsion form comprising an emulsifying hydrophilic gelifying agent |
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EP2939655A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | L'Oréal | Composition comprising microcapsules containing reflective particles |
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WO2013107776A2 (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-25 | L'oreal | Cosmetic composition comprising encapsulated pigments and reflective particles predispersed in an oil |
EP2774603A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | L'Oréal | Colour changing composition in emulsion form comprising an emulsifying hydrophilic gelifying agent |
EP2774597A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | L'Oréal | Colour changing composition in emulsion form comprising a partially neutralized, crosslinked acrylic homopolymer or copolymer |
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EP2823804A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-14 | L'Oréal | Color changing composition comprising pigments and a high amount of water |
EP2823803A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-14 | L'Oréal | Color changing composition in O/W emulsion in the form of oleosomes |
WO2015004630A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | L'oreal | Color changing composition in o/w emulsion form comprising a gemini surfactant |
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WO2015004629A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | L'oreal | Color changing composition comprising pigments and a high amount of water |
WO2015099198A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-02 | L'oreal | Transparent composition containing oil and microcapsules |
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EP2939655A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | L'Oréal | Composition comprising microcapsules containing reflective particles |
EP2939653A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | L'Oréal | Composition comprising microcapsules containing particles with a high wet point |
WO2015166448A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | L'oreal | Composition comprising microcapsules containing silicone elastomer |
WO2015166459A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | L'oreal | Composition comprising microcapsules containing particles with a high wet point |
WO2015166454A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | L'oreal | Composition comprising microcapsules containing reflective particles |
US10617609B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2020-04-14 | L'oreal | Composition comprising microcapsules containing reflective particles |
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Also Published As
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FR2914860A1 (en) | 2008-10-17 |
FR2914860B1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
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