WO2008125086A1 - Procédé de vérification d'un reformeur et unité de commande électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de vérification d'un reformeur et unité de commande électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008125086A1
WO2008125086A1 PCT/DE2008/000604 DE2008000604W WO2008125086A1 WO 2008125086 A1 WO2008125086 A1 WO 2008125086A1 DE 2008000604 W DE2008000604 W DE 2008000604W WO 2008125086 A1 WO2008125086 A1 WO 2008125086A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
reaction zone
supply
reformer
electrical device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2008/000604
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marco Mühlner
Matthias Kraus
Original Assignee
Enerday Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enerday Gmbh filed Critical Enerday Gmbh
Publication of WO2008125086A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008125086A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/386—Catalytic partial combustion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C01B2203/0255—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a non-catalytic partial oxidation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
    • C01B2203/1685—Control based on demand of downstream process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
    • C01B2203/169—Controlling the feed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for checking a reformer.
  • the invention relates to an electrical control unit.
  • Reformers are used in fuel cell systems to produce from fuel, such as diesel, gasoline or natural gas and oxidizing agents, in particular atmospheric oxygen, a hydrogen-rich reformate, which can then be supplied to a fuel cell stack for the purpose of power generation.
  • fuel such as diesel, gasoline or natural gas
  • oxidizing agents in particular atmospheric oxygen
  • a hydrogen-rich reformate which can then be supplied to a fuel cell stack for the purpose of power generation.
  • efforts are being made to be able to maintain power generation as continuously as possible, in particular during the regeneration of subcomponents of the system, for example by burning off soot deposits in the reformer, or during the checking of electrical components of the system these electrical components are, in particular, a sensor associated with the reformer and an ignition device of the reformer.
  • a reformer In order to perform a reliable test of the electrical components of the reformer, that is, in particular an ignition device, a lambda probe, a temperature measuring device and a flame detection device, a reformer must be switched off conventionally. In order to maintain the power generation during this shutdown phase of the reformer, it is therefore necessary to take expensive measures, such as a reformate buffer or to run another reformer in parallel with the reformer under review.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for checking a reformer and an electrical control unit available, so that the continuous reforming and thus the continuous power generation can be ensured by a fuel cell system with little effort.
  • the invention consists in a method for checking a reformer having a first reaction zone and a second reaction zone and at least one of the first reaction zone associated and / or upstream, connected to an electrical control unit electrical device, wherein the first reaction zone, a first fuel supply and the second reaction zone second fuel feed and is fed in the normal operation of the reformer fuel via both fuel feeds and wherein the method, starting from the normal operation, comprising the following steps:
  • a first reaction zone operates in the manner of a burner, with flue gas in particular being produced here from fuel and oxidizing agent, which is subsequently mixed with further fuel. This mixture is then fed to the actual reforming zone to be catalytically converted there to the finished reformate.
  • a two-stage or multi-stage reformer it is thus possible to maintain the operation of the reformer on the basis of operating the second fuel supply while checking the electrical components of the reformer. For the purpose of the review, therefore, no shutdown of the entire fuel cell system is required, and it can be dispensed with costly measures, such as reformate buffer or the parallel operation of several reformer.
  • maintaining the supply of fuel includes adjusting the feed rate across the second fuel supply to ensure a useful reformate quality. Since the quality of the reformate removed from the reformer depends largely on the feed rates of fuel and oxygen as well as the ratio of the partial reactions taking place in the individual reaction zones, it is useful to shut down the first fuel supply to change the feed rate of the second fuel supply so that despite the limited reformer operation during the test phase as high as possible Reformatgusko can be provided. As the global air ratio of the reformer increases when the first fuel supply is shut off, it will usually be necessary to increase the feed rate of the second fuel supply, thus again to obtain an air ratio on the basis of which a reforming process can take place. It is also possible to additionally or alternatively adjust the oxygen feed rate and in this way to provide a suitable air ratio for the reforming process during the test.
  • the electrical device comprises an ignition device.
  • the check of the ignition device is carried out, for example, so that in each case after 24 hours, the flame is extinguished by switching off the first fuel supply. Subsequently, the ignition unit is checked by voltage applied to the ignition electrodes and their current consumption is determined. After ignition of the flame in the reformer a signal of the ionization of the ignition device is detected.
  • the electrical device comprises a lambda probe. After switching off the first fuel supply of the lambda probe no more fuel, but only air is supplied, so that the output signal must change in a characteristic way.
  • the electrical device comprises a flame detection device.
  • the flame detection unit must also be switched off when the fuel Supply and thereby causing extinction of the flame provide a characteristic signal.
  • the electrical device comprises a pollutant sensor.
  • a pollutant sensor This may be, for example, a CO sensor.
  • the first reaction zone is an oxidation zone and the second reaction zone is a catalytic partial oxidation reaction zone (CPOX).
  • CPOX catalytic partial oxidation reaction zone
  • the invention further consists in an electrical control unit for checking a reformer with a first reaction zone and a second reaction zone and at least one of the first reaction zone associated and / or upstream connected to the electrical control unit electrical device, wherein the first reaction zone, a first fuel supply and the second reaction zone Having a second fuel supply and is supplied in normal operation of the reformer fuel via both fuel feeds and wherein the electrical control unit is adapted, starting from the normal operation, to control a method with the following steps:
  • the electrical device comprises an ignition device.
  • the electrical device comprises a lambda probe.
  • the invention is usefully further developed in that the electrical device comprises a flame detection device.
  • the electrical device comprises a pollutant sensor.
  • first reaction zone is an oxidation zone and the second reaction zone is a catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) reaction zone.
  • CPOX catalytic partial oxidation
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart for explaining a method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a fuel cell system.
  • the fuel cell system 10 contains as essential components a reformer 12, a fuel cell stack 28 and an afterburner 30.
  • the reformer 12 has a first fuel supply and an air supply 24.
  • a second fuel supply 26 is provided.
  • the first fuel feed 22 and the second fuel feed 24 are associated with a first reaction zone 14 of the reformer 12, wherein this reaction zone 14 is preferably designed as an oxidation zone.
  • the second fuel feed 26 is associated with a second reaction zone 16. This is usefully realized as a reaction zone for catalytic partial oxidation. Further arranged in the fluid flow through the fuel cell system 10 components, such as heat exchangers are not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • the illustrated main components that is, the reformer 12, the fuel cell stack 28 and the afterburner 30 are with an electronic control unit 18 in connection. This is used to control and check these components.
  • each of the components arranged in the fluid flow has its own electronic control unit or possibly also manages without such an electronic control unit.
  • the electronic control unit 18 is assigned to the reformer 12 and in particular can check an electrical device 20 in the region of the first reaction zone 14.
  • This electrical device 20 may be, for example, an ignition device, a lambda probe, a pollutant sensor, a flame detection device or a thermocouple.
  • the fuel cell system 10 operates as follows.
  • the reformer 12 fuel and air via both fuel feeds 22, 26 and the air supply 24 are supplied.
  • the operation can be monitored by an electrical device 20 monitored by the electronic control unit 18.
  • flue gas is produced, which is subsequently fed to the second reaction zone 16.
  • the flue gas mixes with the fuel supplied via the second fuel feeder 26.
  • the mixture produced in this way is catalytically converted to reformate in the second reaction zone.
  • the reformate leaves the reformer 12 and it is fed to the fuel cell stack 28.
  • the fuel cell stack 28 is further supplied air (not shown), so that on the basis of the hydrogen-rich reformate and the atmospheric oxygen electrical energy can be generated.
  • the anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack 28 can then be supplied to an afterburner 30 by a complete oxidation of the substances involved takes place.
  • the afterburner exhaust gas can then leave the fuel cell system 10 virtually pollutant-free.
  • the supply of fuel via the first fuel feed 22 is suspended.
  • the flame in the first reaction zone 14 goes out and the mentioned electrical devices 20 can be checked by the electronic control unit 18 for functionality.
  • the reforming is maintained during this checking phase by continuous further supply of fuel via the second fuel feeder 26, wherein the feed rates of the second fuel feeder 26 and the air feeder 24 are adjusted as needed.
  • the first fuel supply 22 is reactivated.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart for explaining a method according to the invention. The method already described in connection with FIG. 1 is illustrated once again here.
  • the first fuel supply is switched off in step S02.
  • the operation of the second fuel supply is maintained ⁇ thereby (S03).
  • step S04 the electrical facilities of the reformer are at least partially checked.
  • the first fuel supply is switched on again in step S05, that is, the normal operation of the reformer is again present (SO6).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de vérifier un reformeur (12) comportant une première zone de réaction (14) et une seconde zone de réaction (16), ainsi qu'au moins un dispositif électrique (20) relié à une unité de commande électrique (18) et associé à et/ou monté en amont de la première zone de réaction. La première zone de réaction présente une première conduite d'amenée de combustible (22) et la seconde zone de réaction (26) présente une seconde conduite d'amenée de combustible. En mode normal d'exploitation du reformeur, le combustible est acheminé par l'intermédiaire des deux conduites d'amenée. Ledit procédé comprend, sur la base du mode normal d'exploitation, les étapes suivantes: interrompre l'alimentation en combustible dans la première conduite d'amenée de combustible (22), maintenir l'alimentation en combustible dans la seconde conduite d'amenée de combustible (26), vérifier le dispositif électrique (20) (au moins au nombre de un) et lancer l'alimentation en combustible dans le première conduite d'amenée de combustible (22). L'invention concerne en outre une unité de commande électrique utilisée pour vérifier un reformeur.
PCT/DE2008/000604 2007-04-13 2008-04-10 Procédé de vérification d'un reformeur et unité de commande électrique WO2008125086A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007017501A DE102007017501A1 (de) 2007-04-13 2007-04-13 Verfahren zum Überprüfen eines Reformers und elektrische Steuereinheit
DE102007017501.0 2007-04-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008125086A1 true WO2008125086A1 (fr) 2008-10-23

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PCT/DE2008/000604 WO2008125086A1 (fr) 2007-04-13 2008-04-10 Procédé de vérification d'un reformeur et unité de commande électrique

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DE (1) DE102007017501A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008125086A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1521325A2 (fr) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Système de pile à combustible avec un detecteur de gaz
WO2006060999A1 (fr) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-15 Webasto Ag Procede pour regenerer un reformeur
JP2006213565A (ja) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 水素生成器

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3803082A1 (de) * 1988-02-03 1989-08-17 Uhde Gmbh Mehrstufiges verfahren zur erzeugung von h(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts)- und co-haltigen synthesegasen
DE3803080A1 (de) * 1988-02-03 1989-08-17 Uhde Gmbh Verfahren zur erzeugung von synthesegasen aus kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen einsatzstoffen
DE10059674A1 (de) * 2000-12-01 2002-06-20 Xcellsis Gmbh Brennstoffzellensystem
DE10253930A1 (de) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-09 Umicore Ag & Co.Kg Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines wasserstoffhaltigen Brenngases für Brennstoffzellen sowie Vorrichtung dafür
DE10359205B4 (de) 2003-12-17 2007-09-06 Webasto Ag Reformer und Verfahren zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zu Reformat
DE102005010935A1 (de) * 2005-03-09 2006-09-14 Webasto Ag Reformer, Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1521325A2 (fr) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Système de pile à combustible avec un detecteur de gaz
WO2006060999A1 (fr) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-15 Webasto Ag Procede pour regenerer un reformeur
JP2006213565A (ja) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 水素生成器

Also Published As

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