WO2008116402A1 - Appareil de prédistorsion, émetteur et procédé correspondant - Google Patents
Appareil de prédistorsion, émetteur et procédé correspondant Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008116402A1 WO2008116402A1 PCT/CN2008/070269 CN2008070269W WO2008116402A1 WO 2008116402 A1 WO2008116402 A1 WO 2008116402A1 CN 2008070269 W CN2008070269 W CN 2008070269W WO 2008116402 A1 WO2008116402 A1 WO 2008116402A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- signal
- predistortion
- feedback channel
- digital
- output
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- H04L27/366—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator
- H04L27/367—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator using predistortion
- H04L27/368—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator using predistortion adaptive predistortion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
- H03F1/3247—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits using feedback acting on predistortion circuits
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a predistortion apparatus, a transmitter, and a method.
- PAs linearizing power amplifiers
- the pre-distortion technique currently used is to pre-distort the transmitted signal to compensate for the distortion of the transmit channel including the power amplifier, so that the signal obtained after passing through the power amplifier is ideally the same as the signal before pre-distortion.
- the transmitted signal is predistorted.
- the feedback channel is error-prone, including amplitude-frequency response and phase-frequency response unevenness, as well as nonlinearity.
- the feedback channel is ideal, and the errors of the feedback channel are converted into the characteristics of the transmission channel, resulting in the error of the extracted pre-distortion coefficient, so that the distortion of the entire transmission channel cannot be compensated by the pre-distortion processing, so that the PA The difference between the output signal and the baseband signal before predistortion is that true distortion occurs.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a predistortion device, a transmitter, and a device, which can improve the accuracy of the predistortion technique.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a predistortion apparatus, including a predistortion processing unit, a transmit channel, a predistortion coefficient calculation unit, a feedback channel, a signal source, and a feedback channel correction unit;
- the predistortion processing unit is configured to perform predistortion processing on the input signal according to the predistortion coefficient; and the transmitting channel is configured to convert the signal output by the predistortion processing unit into a high power radio frequency Signal
- the feedback channel is configured to acquire a part of a signal output by the transmitting channel
- the signal source is configured to generate a test signal and send the signal to the feedback channel;
- the feedback channel correction unit is configured to obtain a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel according to the test signal generated by the signal source and the test signal after the feedback channel;
- the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit is configured to generate a pre-distortion coefficient according to the input signal and a signal output by the feedback channel and a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel, and send a pre-distortion coefficient to the Predistortion processing unit.
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a predistortion method, comprising the steps of: predistorting an input signal according to a predistortion coefficient; converting the predistorted input signal into a radio frequency signal through a transmitting channel, and coupling part of the radio frequency signal into the feedback channel Obtaining a pre-distortion coefficient according to the input signal and the radio frequency signal passing through the feedback channel, further comprising:
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a transmitter, including a predistortion processing unit, a transmitting channel, a pre-distortion coefficient calculating unit, a feedback channel, a signal source, and a feedback channel correcting unit;
- a predistortion processing unit configured to perform predistortion processing on the input signal according to the predistortion coefficient, and output a predistortion reference signal
- a transmitting channel configured to process the signal output by the predistortion processing unit into a high power radio frequency signal
- a feedback channel configured to acquire a partial signal output by the transmitting channel
- a signal source configured to generate a test signal, and send the signal to the feedback channel
- a feedback channel correction unit configured to acquire a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel according to the test signal and a test signal after the feedback channel
- a pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit configured to generate a pre-distortion coefficient according to the pre-distortion reference signal and a signal output by the feedback channel and a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel, and send a pre-distortion coefficient to the Predistortion processing unit.
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a predistortion method, comprising the following steps:
- the input signal is pre-distorted according to a pre-distortion coefficient after subtracting the distortion coefficient of the feedback channel.
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a transmitter, the device comprising: a predistortion processing unit, a transmitting channel, a predistortion coefficient calculating unit, a feedback channel, a signal source, and a feedback channel correcting unit;
- the predistortion processing unit is configured to: after modulating the digital baseband signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal, perform predistortion processing on the digital intermediate frequency signal according to a predistortion coefficient, and then convert the digital intermediate frequency signal outputted by the predistortion processing into an analog intermediate frequency signal; And outputting a predistortion reference signal;
- the transmitting channel is configured to process the analog intermediate frequency signal output by the predistortion processing unit into a high power radio frequency signal;
- the feedback channel is configured to acquire a part of a signal output by the transmitting channel
- the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit is configured to generate a pre-distortion coefficient and send the pre-distortion coefficient to the pre-distortion processing unit according to the pre-distortion reference signal and a signal output by the feedback channel of the partial signal output by the transmitting channel.
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a predistortion method, comprising the following steps:
- a current pre-distortion coefficient is obtained based on the pre-distorted reference signal and an output signal through the feedback channel.
- the pre-distortion coefficient is more accurate when the pre-distortion coefficient is calculated, and the pre-distortion coefficient is more accurate. Predistortion of the transmit channel.
- Embodiment 1 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a predistortion device of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a detailed structural diagram 1 of a predistortion processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed structural diagram 2 of a predistortion processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a detailed structural diagram 3 of a predistortion processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed structural diagram of a feedback channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a detailed structural diagram 1 of an isolated network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a detailed structural diagram 2 of an isolated network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a detailed structural diagram 3 of an isolated network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a detailed structural diagram 4 of an isolated network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a transmitter in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a detailed structural diagram 1 of a predistortion processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a detailed structural diagram 2 of a predistortion processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a detailed structural diagram 3 of a predistortion processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a detailed structural diagram 4 of a predistortion processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a detailed structural diagram 5 of a predistortion processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a detailed structural diagram 6 of a predistortion processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a detailed structural diagram of a feedback channel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- Embodiment 18 is a structural diagram of a transmitter in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention mainly obtains the non-ideality of the feedback channel, and deducts the influence of the non-ideality of the feedback channel when calculating the pre-distortion coefficient, so that the pre-distortion coefficient only corresponds to the non-ideality of the transmitting channel, and the non-ideality of the transmitting channel.
- the ideality is irrelevant so that the distortion of the entire transmit channel is compensated for by the predistortion process.
- y ⁇ t f(x(t))
- jc(t) is the input signal of the transmit channel
- t is time
- _y(t) is the transmit
- the channel output, / is a nonlinear function with a memory effect, that is, the Volterra series, used as the included power amplifier
- the model of the launch channel is a nonlinear function with a memory effect, that is, the Volterra series, used as the included power amplifier
- FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a predistortion device of the present invention:
- the predistortion device includes a predistortion processing unit 201, a transmit channel 202, a predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203, a feedback channel 204, a feedback channel correction unit 205, a signal source 206, and an isolation network 207.
- the predistortion processing unit 201 is configured to perform predistortion processing on the baseband signal, where the distortion is a signal change in which the baseband signal is distorted toward the transmission channel 202, so that the distortion of the transmission channel 202 can be compensated.
- the baseband signal is pre-distorted and sent to the transmit channel 202.
- the baseband signal here is used as an input signal, and the predistortion processing unit performs predistortion processing on the input signal according to the predistortion coefficient.
- Transmit channel 202 is used to process the output signal of predistortion processing unit 201.
- the 202 includes a radio frequency conversion unit 21, PA22.
- the radio frequency conversion unit 21 mainly performs processing such as frequency conversion, and converts the pre-distorted input signal received by the transmission channel 202 into a radio frequency signal.
- the PA 22 is used to power amplify the output signal of the RF conversion unit 21.
- the transmit channel including the RF conversion unit and the PA22 converts the output signal of the predistortion processing unit into a high power RF signal.
- Transmit channel 202 contains various nonlinear distortions, with PA22 being the primary source of nonlinear distortion.
- the output of the PA 22 has a coupler that transmits a portion of the power amplified RF signal to the feedback channel 204 via the isolation network 207.
- Signal source 206 is used to generate a test signal that is sent to feedback channel 204 via isolation network 207.
- the feedback channel 204 acquires a part of the signal outputted by the transmitting channel, and performs frequency conversion, amplification, sampling, and the like on the received signal.
- a part of the radio frequency signal outputted by the transmitting channel is processed by the feedback channel 204 to obtain a sampling signal, and the sampling signal is sent to the predistortion coefficient calculating unit 203.
- the test signal is processed by feedback channel 204 and sent to feedback channel correction unit 205.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 is configured to compare the test signal with the test signal processed by the feedback channel 204, obtain a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel, and send the distortion coefficient to the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit 203.
- the signal generated by the source 206 may be a digital signal, and the digital signal is sent to the feedback channel correction unit 205, which is a high-precision DAC built in the signal source 206 (Digital Analog Converter, digital to analog converter, referred to as The digital-to-analog converter is converted into an analog signal and sent to the feedback channel 204; the signal source 206 can also directly generate an analog signal, which is sent to the feedback channel 204, and an ADC is inserted between the signal source 206 and the feedback channel correction unit 205 ( Analog To Digital Converter, an analog-to-digital converter, referred to as an analog-to-digital converter, the analog signal generated by the signal source 206 is converted into a digital signal by the ADC and sent to the feedback channel correction unit 205; at the signal source 206
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 can control the characteristics of the test signal output by the signal source 206 through the control interface, such as the form and power of the test signal, etc., so the signal generated by the signal source 206 is
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 is known, and the feedback channel correction unit 205 receives the measurement. After the signal passes through the signal after the feedback channel 204, the two can be compared to obtain a feedback channel predistortion coefficient.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 can also close the signal source through the control interface so that it does not output a signal, thereby avoiding interference to the feedback channel 204. Processing of RF signals.
- the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit 203 is configured to generate a pre-distortion coefficient according to a signal output by the input signal and a signal output from the feedback channel, and a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel, that is, to compare the sampled signal with the baseband signal, The nonlinear variation of the whole device is monitored, the predistortion coefficient of the device is extracted, the distortion coefficient of the feedback channel is subtracted, the predistortion coefficient is obtained, and the predistortion processing unit 201 is sent to the predistortion processing unit 201 to perform predistortion processing on the input baseband signal.
- the isolated network 207 is used to isolate the channels 2, 3, so that the channels 2, 3 are not connected to the channel 1 at the same time.
- the isolation network 207 isolates the channel 3 when the feedback channel 204 processes the signal from the PA 22, ie, prevents the signal source 206 from outputting a signal to the feedback channel 204; and isolates the channel 2 when the feedback channel 204 processes the signal from the signal source 206, ie, blocks the PA 22 from the feedback channel. 204 output signal.
- the predistortion processing unit 201 performs predistortion processing on the baseband signal according to the predistortion coefficient; the transmit channel 202 performs the output signal on the predistortion processing unit 201. Processing, a portion of the output signal is sent to feedback channel 204 via isolation network 207.
- the feedback channel 204 performs mixing, amplification, sampling, and the like on the received signal.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 controls the signal source 206 by the control interface Number characteristics, such as the form and size of the signal.
- the signal source 206 converts the test signal generated by the digital signal to a test signal in an analog form through a high-precision DAC inside the signal source 206, and after being appropriately mixed, filtered, and amplified into a radio frequency signal, is transmitted to the RF signal via the isolation network 207.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 obtains the feedback channel pre-distortion coefficient by comparing the test signal generated by the signal source 206 and the signal of the test signal through the feedback channel 204, and transmits it to the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit 203.
- the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 compares the input baseband signal and the output signal of the feedback channel 204 to obtain the distortion coefficient of the entire device, deducts the feedback channel predistortion coefficient from the feedback channel, and obtains the predistortion coefficient, and sends the predistortion coefficient to the predistortion process.
- the unit 201 performs predistortion processing on the input baseband signal.
- the pre-distortion processing can completely compensate the distortion of the transmission channel, and No new distortion will be produced.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the predistortion processing unit 201 of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention: includes a predistorter 31 for respectively pairing I (Inphase) and Q (Quarature) according to predistortion coefficients.
- the digital input signal is pre-distorted;
- the modulator 32 is configured to modulate the output signal of the predistorter 31 into a digital intermediate frequency signal; and the DAC 33 is configured to convert the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the modulator 32 into an analog intermediate frequency signal.
- the predistortion processing unit 201 of Fig. 1 is not limited to the specific embodiment shown in Fig. 2, and may be designed according to the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 5.
- the predistortion processing unit shown in FIG. 3 includes: a predistorter 41 for performing predistortion processing on the I and Q digital input signals respectively according to the predistortion coefficient; a DAC 42, and an I path for outputting the predistorter 41
- the digital signal is converted into an I-channel analog signal, and the Q-channel digital signal is converted into a Q-channel analog signal.
- the modulator 43 is configured to modulate the I-channel and Q-channel analog signals outputted by the DAC into an analog intermediate frequency signal.
- a modulator 51 for modulating the I and Q digital input signals into a digital intermediate frequency signal
- a predistorter 52 for outputting the number to the modulator 51 according to the predistortion coefficient
- the IF signal is predistorted;
- the DAC 53 is configured to convert the signal output by the predistorter 52 into an analog IF signal.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed block diagram of the feedback channel 204 of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, including a feedback receiver 61 for performing frequency conversion, amplification, and the like on the received high-power radio frequency signal; and a feedback ADC 62 for The signal output from the feedback receiver 61 is converted into a digital signal by sampling for analog-to-digital conversion. number.
- the signal outputted by the feedback receiver 61 may be an analog intermediate frequency signal.
- the feedback ADC 62 may first convert the analog intermediate frequency signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal, and then convert the digital intermediate frequency signal into a digital baseband signal; First, the analog intermediate frequency signal is converted into an analog signal, and then the analog signal is converted into a digital baseband signal; and only the analog intermediate frequency signal can be converted into a digital intermediate frequency signal, and the digital intermediate frequency signal is sent to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203, and the predistortion coefficient is obtained.
- the calculating unit 203 first converts the digital intermediate frequency signal to the digital baseband signal, and extracts the predistortion coefficient.
- FIG. 6 has no switch and is the simplest form.
- the signals of channel 2 and channel 3 are attenuated by electronics 71, 72 such that the interference is reduced.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 can cause the signal source 206 to have no output signal through the control interface.
- a switch 73 is used in Figure 7 to isolate the effects of the signals coupled from the transmit channel when the feedback channel pre-distortion coefficients are extracted from the feedback channel.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 can turn off the signal source output signal through a control interface with the signal source 206 when extracting the predistortion coefficient of the device.
- Switch 73 and switch 74 are used in Figure 8, and the control can be more flexible.
- the switch can be an electronic switch or a relay.
- the electronic components 71 and 72 in Figures 6 through 9 may each be one or a combination of a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, and a coupler.
- the switches 73, 74, 75 can all be controlled by a control interface provided between the feedback channel correction unit 205 and the isolation network 207; or between the feedback channel correction unit 205 and the signal source 206, between the signal source 206 and the isolation network 207.
- the control interface is set.
- the isolation network can reduce or avoid the interference of the signal source when the feedback channel receives the transmission channel signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the pre-distortion coefficient of the device obtained by the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit, and reducing the feedback channel when receiving the signal of the signal source. Small or avoid interference of the output signal of the transmitting channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the feedback channel predistortion coefficient obtained by the feedback channel correcting unit, thereby improving the whole The accuracy of the predistortion device.
- Figures 6 through 9 above are only a few examples of isolated networks, and those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that other modified isolation networks do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a transmitter in Embodiment 2 of the present invention:
- the transmitter includes a predistortion processing unit 201, a transmit channel 202, a predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203, a feedback channel 204, a feedback channel correction unit 205, a signal source 206, and an isolation network 207.
- the predistortion processing unit 201 is configured to perform predistortion processing on the baseband signal, where the distortion is a signal change in which the baseband signal is distorted toward the transmission channel 202, so that the distortion of the transmission channel 202 can be compensated.
- the baseband signal is pre-distorted and sent to the transmit channel 202.
- the baseband signal here is used as an input signal, and the predistortion processing unit performs predistortion processing on the input signal according to the predistortion coefficient.
- Transmit channel 202 is used to process the output signal of predistortion processing unit 201.
- the transmit channel 202 includes radio frequency small signal units 21, PA22.
- the radio frequency small signal unit 21 mainly mixes, filters, and converts the intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and after amplification, outputs to the PA22; when pre-distortion processing When the unit 201 outputs a radio frequency signal, the radio frequency small signal unit 21 mainly performs filtering, and after being amplified, outputs to the PA 22.
- the PA22 is used to power amplify the output signal of the RF small signal unit 21 to meet the needs of the wireless port transmission.
- the transmit channel including the RF small signal unit and the PA22 converts the output signal of the predistortion processing unit into a high power RF signal.
- Transmit channel 202 contains various nonlinear distortions, with PA22 being the primary source of nonlinear distortion.
- the output of the PA 22 has a coupler that transmits a portion of the power amplified RF signal to the feedback channel 204 via the isolation network 207.
- Signal source 206 is used to generate a test signal for feedback channel correction, which is sent to feedback channel 204 via isolation network 207.
- the feedback channel 204 acquires a part of the signal outputted by the transmission channel, and performs frequency conversion, amplification, sampling, and the like on the input signal. A part of the radio frequency signal outputted by the transmitting channel is processed by the feedback channel 204 to obtain a sampling signal.
- the sampling signal is a feedback signal containing the distortion characteristic of the transmission channel, and the feedback signal is sent to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203.
- the feedback channel 204 input signal is a signal from the signal source 206 via the isolated network 207, then the sampled signal is a feedback channel test signal, and the test signal is sent to the feedback channel correction unit 205.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 is configured to compare the test signal with the test signal processed by the feedback channel 204, obtain a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel, and send the distortion coefficient to the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit 203.
- the signal originally generated by the signal source 206 is a digital signal, and the digital signal is sent to the feedback channel correction unit 205, which is a high-precision DAC built in the signal source 206 (Digital Analog Converter, digital to analog converter, referred to as The digital-to-analog converter is converted into an analog signal and converted into an RF signal by appropriate mixing, filtering and amplification, and then sent to the feedback channel 204 via the isolation network 207; the signal source 206 can also directly generate an analog signal and send it to the feedback. Channel 204.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 can obtain the signal source information in three ways.
- Mode 1 The system supplies the frequency, waveform, amplitude, phase, and other parameters configured to the signal source to the feedback channel correction unit 205;
- Mode 2 Insert an ADC between the signal source 206 and the feedback channel correction unit 205 (Analog to Digital Converter, analog-to-digital converter (A/D), the analog signal generated by the signal source 206 is converted into a digital signal by the ADC and sent to the feedback channel correction unit 205;
- mode 3 the method of combining mode 1 with mode 2, ie Not only the system provides the feedback channel correction unit 205 such as signal source frequency, waveform, amplitude, phase and the like, and the feedback channel correction unit 205 acquires the signal source data through the ADC inserted between the signal source 206 and the feedback channel correction unit 205 to further Increase the amount of information about the source.
- the ADC between signal source 206 and feedback channel correction unit 205 may be integrated with signal source 206 or may be integrated with feedback channel correction unit 205. .
- a control interface may be provided between the feedback channel correction unit 205 and the signal source 206.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 may control the characteristics of the test signal output by the signal source 206 through the control interface, such as the form and power of the test signal, etc., so that the signal
- the resulting signal of source 206 is known to feedback channel correction unit 205, and this known signal is referred to as a feedback channel correction reference signal.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 can compare the two to obtain a feedback channel predistortion coefficient.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 can also turn off the signal source through the control interface so that it does not output a signal, and avoids interference with the processing of the RF signal by the feedback channel 204.
- the pre-distortion coefficient calculation unit 203 is configured to generate a pre-distortion coefficient according to a signal output by the input signal and a partial signal outputted by the transmission channel through the feedback channel, and a distortion coefficient of the feedback channel, that is, for using the feedback signal and the pre-distortion reference signal Comparing, monitoring the nonlinear variation of the predistortion correction loop in series with the feedback channel, extracting the predistortion coefficient of the predistortion correction loop, deducting the distortion coefficient of the feedback channel, and obtaining the predistortion of the real transmission channel. Coefficient, sent to predistortion The processing unit 201 performs predistortion processing on the input baseband signal.
- the isolated network 207 is used to isolate the channels 2, 3, so that the channels 2, 3 are not connected to the channel 1 at the same time.
- the isolation network 207 isolates the channel 3 when the feedback channel 204 processes the signal from the PA 22, ie, prevents the signal source 206 from outputting a signal to the feedback channel 204; and isolates the channel 2 when the feedback channel 204 processes the signal from the signal source 206, ie, blocks the PA 22 from the feedback channel. 204 output signal.
- the predistortion processing unit 201 performs predistortion processing on the baseband signal according to the predistortion coefficient; the transmit channel 202 processes the output signal of the predistortion processing unit 201, and the partial output signal is sent to the feedback channel 204 via the isolation network 207.
- the feedback channel 204 performs mixing, amplification, sampling, and the like on the received signal.
- the feedback channel 204 outputs a feedback signal to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit.
- the feedback channel 204 outputs a feedback channel test signal to the feedback channel correction unit 205.
- the feedback channel correction unit 205 controls the signal characteristics of the signal source 206, such as the form, size, etc., of the signal source 206 through the control interface.
- the signal source 206 converts the test signal generated by the digital signal to a test signal in an analog form through a high-precision DAC inside the signal source 206, and after being appropriately mixed, filtered, and amplified into a radio frequency signal, is transmitted to the RF signal via the isolation network 207.
- Feedback channel 204 The feedback channel correction unit 205 obtains the feedback channel predistortion coefficient by comparing the feedback channel correction reference signal and the signal output from the signal source 206 through the feedback channel 204, and transmits it to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203.
- the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 compares the input baseband signal with the output signal of the feedback channel 204, obtains a predistortion coefficient of the predistortion correction loop in which the transmit channel and the feedback channel are connected in series, and deducts the feedback channel predistortion coefficient therefrom, thereby obtaining predistortion.
- the coefficient, and the predistortion coefficient is sent to the predistortion processing unit 201 to perform predistortion processing on the input baseband signal.
- the pre-distortion processing can completely compensate the distortion of the transmission channel, and No new distortion will be produced.
- FIG 11 is a detailed block diagram of the predistortion processing unit 201 of Figure 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention: includes a predistorter 31 for predistorting the input baseband signal based on the predistortion coefficients.
- the input baseband signal consists of an I (Inphase) path and a Q (Quadature) digital signal in the form of a complex signal of I+jQ.
- Digital quadrature modulator 32 for predistortion The output signal of the device 31 is modulated into a digital intermediate frequency signal; the DAC 33 is configured to convert the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the modulator 32 into an analog intermediate frequency signal.
- the input signal of the predistorter 31 is sent to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 as a predistortion reference signal.
- the predistortion processing unit 201 of Fig. 10 is not limited to the specific embodiment shown in Fig. 11, and may be designed in accordance with the embodiments shown in Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, and Fig. 16.
- the predistortion processing unit shown in Fig. 12 supplies the output signal of the predistorter 31 to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 as a predistortion reference signal. Other than that, it is identical to the predistortion processing unit in Figure 11.
- the predistortion processing unit shown in FIG. 13 includes: a predistorter 41 for performing predistortion processing on the I and Q digital input signals respectively according to the predistortion coefficient; a DAC 42 for outputting the predistorter 41
- the digital signal is converted into an I analog signal, and the Q digital signal is converted into a Q analog signal; an analog quadrature modulator 43 is used to modulate the I and Q analog signals output by the DAC into an intermediate frequency signal or a radio frequency signal.
- the input signal of the predistorter 41 is supplied to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 as a predistortion reference signal.
- the predistortion processing unit shown in Fig. 14 supplies the output signal of the predistorter 41 to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203. Other than this, it is identical to the predistortion processing unit in Fig. 13.
- the predistortion processing unit shown in FIG. 15 includes: a digital quadrature modulator 51 for modulating I and Q digital input signals into digital intermediate frequency signals; and a predistorter 52 for orthogonally orthogonalizing the coefficients according to predistortion coefficients
- the digital intermediate frequency signal output from the modulator 51 is subjected to predistortion processing; the DAC 53 is configured to convert the signal output from the predistorter 52 into an analog intermediate frequency signal.
- the input signal of the predistorter 52 is supplied to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 as a predistortion reference signal.
- the predistortion processing unit shown in FIG. 16 supplies the output signal of the predistorter 52 to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 as a predistortion reference signal. Other than that, it is identical to the predistortion processing unit in Figure 15.
- FIG. 17 is a detailed block diagram of the feedback channel 204 of FIG. 10 according to an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
- the feedback receiver 61 is configured to perform frequency conversion and amplification on the received signal of the PA22 output or the output signal of the signal source 206.
- the processing is performed by the feedback ADC 62 for converting the signal output from the feedback receiver 61 into a digital signal by sampling.
- the signal outputted by the feedback receiver 61 may be an analog intermediate frequency signal or an analog baseband signal.
- the feedback ADC 62 samples the input analog IF signal or analog baseband signal and converts it into a digital signal. If the input of the feedback receiver is separated The digital signal is sent to the predistortion coefficient calculation unit 203 from the coupled signal of the output of the PA 22 of the network 207. If the input to the feedback receiver is the output signal of the signal source 206 passing through the isolated network 207, the digital signal is sent to the feedback channel correction unit 205.
- the feedback channel can be corrected at the same time, that is, using FIG. 10 as a block diagram, and the internal block diagram of the predistortion processing unit in FIG. 10 is FIG. 15 or FIG. However, it is also possible to not correct the feedback channel, that is, use Figure 18 as a block diagram.
- the internal block diagram of the digital IF predistortion processing unit in Figure 18 is Figure 15 or Figure 16.
- Fig. 15 The difference between Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 is as follows:
- the predistorted reference signal outputted in Fig. 15 is the signal before predistortion
- the predistorted reference signal outputted in Fig. 16 is the signal after predistortion.
- the pre-distortion processing used by the digital intermediate frequency predistortion technique is different from the digital baseband predistortion. Accordingly, the required correction coefficient is different from the digital baseband predistortion technique. Further, the predistortion coefficient calculation unit is required to use the digital baseband predistortion. Different predistortion coefficient calculation methods.
- the feedback channel needs to be corrected.
- the influence of the distortion of the feedback channel needs to be deducted.
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Description
预失真装置、 发射机及方法
本申请要求于 2007 年 3 月 27 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710073678.2、 发明名称为"一种预失真装置及方法"的中国专利申请的优先 权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 特别涉及预失真装置、 发射机及方法。
背景技术
迄今,已研究出了多种对移动通信系统中的发射机中的功率放大器(Power Amplifier, PA )进行线性化的技术,其中主要的技术有前馈和预失真技术. 正 向前馈法已广泛使用,然而该方法稳定性不好, 而且设备很复杂。 因此预失真 技术成为对功率放大器进行线性化的理想技术。
目前所采用的预失真技术就是先对发射信号进行预失真,以补偿含功率放 大器在内的发射通道的失真,这样理想情况下经过功率放大器后得到的信号与 预失真前的信号相同。这要求预失真必须是和含功率放大器在内的发射通道的 失真完全互补的,所以需要对功率放大器的输出信号进行测量,再由一定的算 法从这些信号中提取出预失真系数, 用来对发射信号进行预失真处理。在使用 预失真技术的发射机中 , 为了提取预失真系数有一个含反馈接收机的反馈通 道。反馈通道是有误差的, 包括幅频响应和相频响应的不平坦,以及非线性等。 现有技术中假设反馈通道为理想的,结果反馈通道的这些误差折算到了发射通 道特性中,导致提取的预失真系数的误差,使整个发射通道的失真不能正好被 预失真处理所补偿, 使 PA输出信号和预失真前的基带信号产生差异, 即发生 真正的失真。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供预失真装置、发射机及装置, 能够提高预失真技术的精 度。
本发明实施例提供一种预失真装置, 包括预失真处理单元、发射通道、预 失真系数计算单元、 反馈通道、 信号源、 反馈通道校正单元;
所述预失真处理单元, 用于根据预失真系数对输入信号进行预失真处理; 所述发射通道,用于将所述预失真处理单元输出的信号转换为大功率射频
信号;
所述反馈通道, 用于获取所述发射通道输出的部分信号;
所述信号源, 用于产生测试信号, 发送给所述反馈通道;
所述反馈通道校正单元,用于根据所述信号源产生的测试信号以及经过所 述反馈通道后的测试信号, 获取所述反馈通道的失真系数;
所述预失真系数计算单元,用于根据所述输入信号和所述发射通道输出的 部分信号经过所述反馈通道输出的信号、 以及所述反馈通道的失真系数,产生 预失真系数发送给所述预失真处理单元。
本发明实施例还提供一种预失真方法, 包括以下步骤: 根据预失真系数, 使输入信号预失真; 将预失真后的输入信号经发射通道转换为射频信号,部分 射频信号耦合到反馈通道中 , 根据所述输入信号和通过反馈通道的射频信号, 获得预失真系数, 进一步包括:
获取所述反馈通道的失真系数;
从根据所述输入信号和通过所述反馈通道的射频信号获得的预失真系数 中扣除所述反馈通道的失真系数,扣除反馈通道的失真系数后的预失真系数用 于使所述输入信号预失真。
本发明实施例还提供一种发射机, 包括预失真处理单元、发射通道、预失 真系数计算单元、 反馈通道、 信号源、 反馈通道校正单元;
预失真处理单元, 用于根据预失真系数对输入信号进行预失真处理, 并输 出预失真参考信号;
发射通道, 用于将所述预失真处理单元输出的信号处理为大功率射频信 号;
反馈通道, 用于获取所述发射通道输出的部分信号;
信号源, 用于产生测试信号, 发送给所述反馈通道;
反馈通道校正单元,用于根据所述测试信号以及经过所述反馈通道后的测 试信号, 获取所述反馈通道的失真系数;
预失真系数计算单元,用于根据所述预失真参考信号和所述发射通道输出 的部分信号经过所述反馈通道输出的信号、 以及所述反馈通道的失真系数,产 生预失真系数发送给所述预失真处理单元。
本发明实施例还提供一种预失真方法, 包括以下步骤:
根据预失真系数, 使输入信号预失真, 并提供预失真参考信号; 将预失真输出信号经发射通道后输出射频信号;
将部分射频信号耦合到反馈通道中;
根据所述预失真参考信号和通过反馈通道的输出信号, 获得预失真系数; 获取反馈通道的失真系数;
从所述预失真系数中扣除所述反馈通道的失真系数;
根据扣除所述反馈通道的失真系数后的预失真系数 ,使所述输入信号预失 真。
本发明实施例还提供一种发射机, 该装置包括: 预失真处理单元、发射通 道、 预失真系数计算单元、 反馈通道、 信号源、 反馈通道校正单元;
所述预失真处理单元, 用于将数字基带信号调制为数字中频信号后,根据 预失真系数对所述数字中频信号进行预失真处理,然后将预失真处理输出的数 字中频信号转换为模拟中频信号, 并输出预失真参考信号;
所述发射通道,用于将所述预失真处理单元输出的模拟中频信号处理为大 功率射频信号;
所述反馈通道, 用于获取所述发射通道输出的部分信号;
所述预失真系数计算单元,用于根据所述预失真参考信号和所述发射通道 输出的部分信号经过所述反馈通道输出的信号,产生预失真系数发送给所述预 失真处理单元。
本发明实施例还提供一种预失真方法, 包括以下步骤:
将数字基带信号调制为数字中频信号;
根据预失真系数, 使所述数字中频信号预失真, 并提供预失真参考信号; 将预失真后的数字中频信号经发射通道后输出射频信号;
将部分射频信号耦合到反馈通道中;
根据所述预失真参考信号和通过反馈通道的输出信号,获得当前的预失真 系数。
由以上本发明实施例提供的技术方案可见,本发明实施例在计算预失真系 数时, 考虑到反馈通道的失真特性, 所以提供的预失真系数更精确, 真正实现
对发射通道的预失真。
附图说明
图 1为本发明预失真装置实施例一结构图;
图 2为本发明实施例一预失真处理单元的详细结构图一;
图 3为本发明实施例一预失真处理单元的详细结构图二;
图 4为本发明实施例一预失真处理单元的详细结构图三;
图 5为本发明实施例一反馈通道的详细结构图;
图 6为本发明实施例隔离网络的详细结构图一;
图 7为本发明实施例隔离网络的详细结构图二;
图 8为本发明实施例隔离网络的详细结构图三;
图 9为本发明实施例隔离网络的详细结构图四;
图 10为本发明实施例二中发射机的结构图;
图 11为本发明实施例二中预失真处理单元的详细结构图一;
图 12为本发明实施例二中预失真处理单元的详细结构图二;
图 13为本发明实施例二中预失真处理单元的详细结构图三;
图 14为本发明实施例二中预失真处理单元的详细结构图四;
图 15为本发明实施例二中预失真处理单元的详细结构图五;
图 16为本发明实施例二中预失真处理单元的详细结构图六;
图 17为本发明实施例二中反馈通道的详细结构图;
图 18为本发明实施例三中发射机的结构图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例主要是通过获取反馈通道的非理想性,计算预失真系数时扣 除反馈通道的非理想性的影响, 使预失真系数只对应于发射通道的非理想性, 而和反馈通道的非理想性无关,从而使整个发射通道的失真正好被预失真处理 所补偿。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,现参见附图描述本发明 的实施例。 首先说明一下, 包含功放在内的发射通道可用一个表达式表示为 y{t) = f(x(t)) , jc(t)为发射通道输入信号, t为时间, _y(t)为发射通道输出, /为 一个含有记忆效应的非线性函数, 即 Volterra级数, 用来作为包含功放在内的
发射通道的模型。 而预失真处理单元所作的处理为 g(x(t)), g也是一个具有记 忆效应的非线性函数, 即也是一种 Volterra级数, 而且 g具有如下的性质: 7(g( ( )) = ( " 预失真系数计算单元应该使 g的系数具有这种性质。 这样使得 使用预失真技术之后, 发射通道的输出> 0 = /^0 0)) = 0。 此处的说明仅为 后续对本发明的实施例理解而进行的解释。
如图 1所示为本发明预失真装置实施例一的结构图:
所述预失真装置包括预失真处理单元 201、 发射通道 202、 预失真系数计 算单元 203、 反馈通道 204、 反馈通道校正单元 205、 信号源 206, 隔离网络 207。
其中预失真处理单元 201用于对基带信号进行预失真处理,此处的失真是 将基带信号朝发射通道 202失真的反向进行的信号改变,这样可以补偿发射通 道 202的失真。 基带信号经过预失真处理后发送给发射通道 202。 此处的基带 信号作为输入信号,预失真处理单元根据预失真系数对输入信号进行预失真处 理。
发射通道 202用于对预失真处理单元 201的输出信号进行处理。发射通道
202包括射频转换单元 21、 PA22。 其中射频转换单元 21主要是进行频率变换 等处理,将发射通道 202收到的已经预失真的输入信号转换为射频信号。 PA22 用于对射频转换单元 21的输出信号进行功率放大。包括射频转换单元和 PA22 的发射通道将预失真处理单元的输出信号转换为大功率射频信号。 发射通道 202中包含各种非线性失真, 其中 PA22是非线性失真的主要来源。 PA22的输 出端有耦合器,将功率放大后的射频信号的一部分经由隔离网络 207发送到反 馈通道 204。
信号源 206用于产生测试信号, 经由隔离网络 207发送给反馈通道 204。 反馈通道 204获取发射通道输出的部分信号,并对接收到的信号进行频率 变换、 放大、 采样等处理。 发射通道输出的部分射频信号经过反馈通道 204 处理后得到采样信号, 所述采样信号被发送到预失真系数计算单元 203。 测试 信号经过反馈通道 204处理后被发送到反馈通道校正单元 205。
反馈通道校正单元 205用于比较所述测试信号与经过反馈通道 204处理后 的测试信号, 获得反馈通道的失真系数, 发送到预失真系数计算单元 203。 信
号源 206产生的信号可以是数字信号,所述的数字信号发送到反馈通道校正单 元 205 , 所述数字信号通过信号源 206内置的高精度的 DAC ( Digital Analog Converter, 数字到模拟转换器, 简称数模转换器)转换为模拟信号后发送到 反馈通道 204中;信号源 206也可以直接产生模拟信号,发送给反馈通道 204, 在信号源 206与反馈通道校正单元 205之间插入一个 ADC ( Analog to Digital Converter, 模拟数字转换器, 简称模数转换器, 信号源 206产生的模拟信号经 过 ADC转换为数字信号后发送给反馈通道校正单元 205; 在信号源 206与反 可以在反馈通道校正单元 205与信号源 206之间设有控制接口,反馈通道校正 单元 205可以通过控制接口控制信号源 206的输出的测试信号的特性,如测试 信号的形式和功率等, 所以信号源 206 的产生的信号对于反馈通道校正单元 205是已知的, 反馈通道校正单元 205在收到测试信号经过反馈通道 204后的 信号后就可以将两者进行比较,获得反馈通道预失真系数。反馈通道校正单元 205也可以通过控制接口关闭信号源,使其不输出信号,避免干扰反馈通道 204 对射频信号的处理。
预失真系数计算单元 203 用于根据输入信号和发射通道输出的部分信号 经过反馈通道输出的信号、 以及反馈通道的失真系数, 产生预失真系数, 即用 于将所述采样信号与基带信号比较,监测整个装置的非线性变化,提取出装置 预失真系数, 扣除其中的反馈通道的失真系数, 获得预失真系数, 发送给预失 真处理单元 201对输入的基带信号进行预失真处理。
隔离网络 207用于隔离通道 2、 3, 使通道 2、 3不同时与通道 1相通。 隔 离网络 207在反馈通道 204处理来自 PA22的信号时隔离通道 3 ,即阻止信号 源 206向反馈通道 204输出信号;当反馈通道 204处理信号源 206的信号时隔 离通道 2 , 即阻止 PA22向反馈通道 204输出信号。
下面参照附图 1对本发明的预失真装置实施例一的操作进行说明: 其中预失真处理单元 201根据预失真系数对基带信号进行预失真处理;发 射通道 202对预失真处理单元 201的输出信号进行处理 ,部分输出信号经由隔 离网络 207发送到反馈通道 204中。 反馈通道 204对接收到的信号进行混频、 放大、采样等处理。反馈通道校正单元 205通过控制接口控制信号源 206的信
号特性, 如信号的形式、 大小等。 信号源 206根据控制产生数字的测试信号, 经过信号源 206内部的高精度 DAC转换为模拟形式的测试信号, 并经过适当 的混频、滤波和放大转换为射频信号之后, 经由隔离网络 207发送给反馈通道 204。 反馈通道校正单元 205通过比较信号源 206产生的测试信号以及测试信 号经过反馈通道 204后的信号,获得反馈通道预失真系数, 并将其发送到预失 真系数计算单元 203。 预失真系数计算单元 203比较输入的基带信号以及反馈 通道 204的输出信号,获得整个装置的失真系数,从中扣除反馈通道预失真系 数, 进而获得预失真系数, 并将预失真系数送给预失真处理单元 201 , 对输入 基带信号进行预失真处理。
通过本实施例可以看出, 因为所采用的预失真系数是对应于发射通道的, 而没有将反馈通道的失真折算在发射通道的失真上,所以预失真处理能够完全 补偿发射通道的失真, 而不会产生新的失真。
图 2是 ^居本发明装置实施例的图 1的预失真处理单元 201的详细框图: 包括预失真器 31, 用于根据预失真系数分别对 I ( Inphase, 同相)路和 Q ( Quadrature, 正交)路数字输入信号进行预失真处理; 调制器 32, 用于将预 失真器 31的输出信号调制为数字中频信号; DAC33 ,用于将调制器 32输出的 数字中频信号转换为模拟中频信号。
对于图 1的预失真处理单元 201并不局限于图 2所示的具体实施方式,还 可以按照图 3和图 5所示的实施方式设计。 图 3所示的预失真处理单元包括: 预失真器 41 , 用于根据预失真系数对 I路和 Q路数字输入信号分别进行预失 真处理; DAC42, 用于将预失真器 41输出的 I路数字信号转换为 I路模拟信 号, 并将 Q路数字信号转换为 Q路模拟信号; 调制器 43 , 用于将 DAC输出 的 I路和 Q路模拟信号调制为模拟中频信号。图 4所示的预失真处理单元包括: 调制器 51 , 用于将 I路和 Q路数字输入信号调制为数字中频信号; 预失真器 52, 用于根据预失真系数对调制器 51输出的数字中频信号进行预失真处理; DAC53 , 用于将预失真器 52输出的信号转换为模拟中频信号。
图 5所示为本发明装置实施例的图 1的反馈通道 204的详细框图:包括反 馈接收机 61 , 用于对收到的大功率射频信号进行频率变换、 放大等处理; 反 馈 ADC62用于将反馈接收机 61输出的信号通过采样进行模数转换变为数字信
号。在此反馈接收机 61输出的信号可以是模拟中频信号,反馈 ADC62在收到 模拟中频信号后,可以先将模拟中频信号转换为数字中频信号,再将数字中频 信号转换为数字基带信号; 也可以先将模拟中频信号转换为模拟信号,再将模 拟信号转换为数字基带信号; 还可以只进行模拟中频信号转换为数字中频信 号, 将数字中频信号发送到预失真系数计算单元 203 , 由预失真系数计算单元 203先进行数字中频信号到数字基带信号的转换, 再提取预失真系数。
图 6至图 9为本发明实施例中的隔离网络 207的详细结构示意图: 图 6没有开关, 是一种最简单的形式。 通过电子器件 71、 72减弱通道 2 和通道 3的信号, 使得两者干扰减小。 当反馈通道校正单元 205与信号源 206 之间有控制接口时, 为了避免信号源 206输出信号对反馈通道信号形成干扰, 反馈通道校正单元 205可以通过控制接口使信号源 206无输出信号。
图 7中使用了一个开关 73 , 可以在对反馈通道提取反馈通道预失真系数 的时候隔离发射通道耦合过来的信号的影响。 同样的,在提取装置预失真系数 的时候,反馈通道校正单元 205可以通过与信号源 206之间控制接口关闭信号 源输出信号。
图 8中使用了两个开关, 开关 73和开关 74, 控制可以更加灵活。 所述开 关可以是电子开关, 也可以是继电器。
图 9中将图 8的两个开关 73和 74换成一个单刀双掷切换开关 75 , 结构 更加紧凑了。
图 6至图 9中的电子元件 71和 72分别可以是电阻、 电容、 电感、耦合器 之一或组合。 开关 73、 74、 75都可由反馈通道校正单元 205与隔离网络 207 之间设置的控制接口进行控制; 也可以在反馈通道校正单元 205与信号源 206 之间,信号源 206与隔离网络 207之间同时设置控制接口,反馈通道校正单元 205控制信号源 206开启时, 信号源 206与反馈通道 204相通, 当反馈通道校 正单元 205控制信号源 206关闭时, 从发射通道 202与反馈通道 204相通。
上述描述中隔离网络可以使反馈通道接收发射通道信号时减小或避免信 号源的干扰,从而提高预失真系数计算单元获取的装置预失真系数的精度, 以 及反馈通道在接收信号源的信号时减小或避免发射通道输出信号的干扰,从而 提高了反馈通道校正单元获取的反馈通道预失真系数的精度,进而提高了整个
预失真装置的精度。上述图 6至图 9仅为隔离网络的几个实施例,本领域的普 通技术人员知道, 其他经过变形的隔离网络并不脱离本发明的精神。
如图 10所示为本发明实施例二中发射机的结构图:
所述发射机包括预失真处理单元 201、 发射通道 202、 预失真系数计算单 元 203、 反馈通道 204、 反馈通道校正单元 205、 信号源 206, 隔离网络 207。
其中预失真处理单元 201用于对基带信号进行预失真处理,此处的失真是 将基带信号朝发射通道 202失真的反向进行的信号改变,这样可以补偿发射通 道 202的失真。 基带信号经过预失真处理后发送给发射通道 202。 此处的基带 信号作为输入信号,预失真处理单元根据预失真系数对输入信号进行预失真处 理。
发射通道 202用于对预失真处理单元 201的输出信号进行处理。发射通道 202包括射频小信号单元 21、 PA22。 其中, 当预失真处理单元 201输出的是 中频信号时, 射频小信号单元 21主要是先将中频信号进行混频、 滤波, 转换 为射频信号, 并经放大后, 输出给 PA22; 当预失真处理单元 201输出的是射 频信号时, 射频小信号单元 21主要是进行滤波, 并经放大后, 输出给 PA22。 PA22用于对射频小信号单元 21的输出信号进行功率放大,以满足无线口发射 的需要。 包括射频小信号单元和 PA22的发射通道将预失真处理单元的输出信 号转换为大功率射频信号。 发射通道 202中包含各种非线性失真, 其中 PA22 是非线性失真的主要来源。 PA22的输出端有耦合器, 将功率放大后的射频信 号的一部分经由隔离网络 207发送到反馈通道 204。
信号源 206 用于产生用于反馈通道校正的测试信号, 经由隔离网络 207 发送给反馈通道 204。
反馈通道 204获取发射通道输出的部分信号, 并对输入信号进行频率变 换、放大、 采样等处理。 发射通道输出的部分射频信号经过反馈通道 204处理 后得到采样信号。 当反馈通道 204输入信号为经隔离网络 207的 PA22输出耦 合信号时, 则所述采样信号为含有发射通道失真特性的反馈信号,这个反馈信 号 送到预失真系数计算单元 203。 当反馈通道 204输入信号为经隔离网络 207的来自信号源 206的信号时, 则所述采样信号为反馈通道测试信号, 这个 测试信号被发送到反馈通道校正单元 205。
反馈通道校正单元 205用于比较所述测试信号与经过反馈通道 204处理后 的测试信号, 获得反馈通道的失真系数, 发送到预失真系数计算单元 203。 信 号源 206最初产生的信号是数字信号,所述的数字信号发送到反馈通道校正单 元 205 , 所述数字信号通过信号源 206内置的高精度的 DAC ( Digital Analog Converter, 数字到模拟转换器, 简称数模转换器)转换为模拟信号, 并经过适 当的混频、滤波和放大转换为射频信号之后, 经隔离网络 207发送到反馈通道 204中; 信号源 206也可以直接产生模拟信号, 发送给反馈通道 204。 这种情 况下, 反馈通道校正单元 205可以通过 3种方式获知信号源信息。 方式 1 : 系 统将配置给信号源的频率、 波形、 幅度、 相位, 等参数, 提供给反馈通道校正 单元 205; 方式 2: 在信号源 206与反馈通道校正单元 205之间插入一个 ADC ( Analog to Digital Converter,模拟数字转换器,简称模数转换器),信号源 206 产生的模拟信号经过 ADC转换为数字信号后发送给反馈通道校正单元 205; 方式 3: 方式 1 与方式 2结合的方法, 即不但系统提供给反馈通道校正单元 205如信号源频率、 波形、 幅度、 相位等参数, 而且反馈通道校正单元 205通 过信号源 206与反馈通道校正单元 205之间插入的 ADC获取信号源数据, 以 进一步增加关于信号源的信息量。在信号源 206与反馈通道校正单元 205之间 的 ADC可以与信号源 206集成在一起, 也可以与反馈通道校正单元 205集成 在一起。。 可以在反馈通道校正单元 205与信号源 206之间设有控制接口, 反 馈通道校正单元 205可以通过控制接口控制信号源 206的输出的测试信号的特 性,如测试信号的形式和功率等, 所以信号源 206的产生的信号对于反馈通道 校正单元 205是已知的,这个已知的信号被称为反馈通道校正参考信号。反馈 通道校正单元 205在收到测试信号经过反馈通道 204后的信号后就可以将两者 进行比较,获得反馈通道预失真系数。反馈通道校正单元 205也可以通过控制 接口关闭信号源,使其不输出信号,避免干扰反馈通道 204对射频信号的处理。
预失真系数计算单元 203 用于根据输入信号和发射通道输出的部分信号 经过反馈通道输出的信号、 以及反馈通道的失真系数, 产生预失真系数, 即用 于将所述反馈信号与预失真参考信号比较,监测发射通道与反馈通道相串联的 预失真校正环路的非线性变化,提取出预失真校正环路的预失真系数,扣除其 中的反馈通道的失真系数,获得真正的发射通道的预失真系数,发送给预失真
处理单元 201对输入的基带信号进行预失真处理。
隔离网络 207用于隔离通道 2、 3, 使通道 2、 3不同时与通道 1相通。 隔 离网络 207在反馈通道 204处理来自 PA22的信号时隔离通道 3 ,即阻止信号 源 206向反馈通道 204输出信号;当反馈通道 204处理信号源 206的信号时隔 离通道 2, 即阻止 PA22向反馈通道 204输出信号。
下面参照附图 10对本发明的发射机实施例的操作进行说明:
其中预失真处理单元 201根据预失真系数对基带信号进行预失真处理;发 射通道 202对预失真处理单元 201的输出信号进行处理 ,部分输出信号经由隔 离网络 207发送到反馈通道 204中。 反馈通道 204对接收到的信号进行混频、 放大、 采样等处理。 当反馈通道的输入信号来自 PA22耦合口的时候, 反馈通 道 204输出反馈信号给预失真系数计算单元。当反馈通道的输入信号来自信号 源 206的时候,反馈通道 204输出反馈通道测试信号给反馈通道校正单元 205。 反馈通道校正单元 205通过控制接口控制信号源 206的信号特性,如信号的形 式、 大小等。 信号源 206根据控制产生数字的测试信号, 经过信号源 206内部 的高精度 DAC转换为模拟形式的测试信号, 并经过适当的混频、 滤波和放大 转换为射频信号之后, 经由隔离网络 207发送给反馈通道 204。 反馈通道校正 单元 205通过比较反馈通道校正参考信号以及信号源 206输出的测试信号经过 反馈通道 204后的信号, 就可获得反馈通道预失真系数, 并将其发送到预失真 系数计算单元 203。 预失真系数计算单元 203比较输入的基带信号以及反馈通 道 204的输出信号,获得发射通道和反馈通道相串联的预失真校正环路的预失 真系数, 从中扣除反馈通道预失真系数, 进而获得预失真系数, 并将预失真系 数送给预失真处理单元 201, 对输入基带信号进行预失真处理。
通过本实施例可以看出, 因为所采用的预失真系数是对应于发射通道的, 而没有将反馈通道的失真折算在发射通道的失真上 ,所以预失真处理能够完全 补偿发射通道的失真, 而不会产生新的失真。
图 11是 ^居本发明装置实施例的图 10的预失真处理单元 201的详细框 图: 包括预失真器 31 , 用于根据预失真系数对输入的基带信号进行预失真处 理。 输入的基带信号由 I ( Inphase, 同相)路和 Q ( Quadrature, 正交)数字 信号组成, 表现为 I+jQ的复信号的形式。 数字正交调制器 32, 用于将预失真
器 31的输出信号调制为数字中频信号; DAC33 ,用于将调制器 32输出的数字 中频信号转换为模拟中频信号。 并将预失真器 31的输入信号作为预失真参考 信号送给预失真系数计算单元 203。
对于图 10的预失真处理单元 201并不局限于图 11所示的具体实施方式, 还可以按照图 12、 图 13、 图 14、 图 15、 图 16所示的实施方式设计。
图 12所示的预失真处理单元将预失真器 31的输出信号作为预失真参考信 号送给预失真系数计算单元 203。 除此之外, 其与图 11 中的预失真处理单元 完全相同。
图 13所示的预失真处理单元包括: 预失真器 41 , 用于才 据预失真系数对 I路和 Q路数字输入信号分别进行预失真处理; DAC42, 用于将预失真器 41 输出的 I路数字信号转换为 I路模拟信号,并将 Q路数字信号转换为 Q路模拟 信号; 模拟正交调制器 43 , 用于将 DAC输出的 I路和 Q路模拟信号调制为中 频信号或射频信号。 并将预失真器 41的输入信号作为预失真参考信号送给预 失真系数计算单元 203。
图 14所示的预失真处理单元将预失真器 41的输出信号送给预失真系数计 算单元 203。 除此之外, 其与图 13中的预失真处理单元完全相同。
图 15所示的预失真处理单元包括: 数字正交调制器 51 , 用于将 I路和 Q 路数字输入信号调制为数字中频信号; 预失真器 52, 用于根据预失真系数对 数字正交调制器 51输出的数字中频信号进行预失真处理; DAC53 ,用于将预 失真器 52输出的信号转换为模拟中频信号。并将预失真器 52的输入信号作为 预失真参考信号送给预失真系数计算单元 203。
图 16所示的预失真处理单元将预失真器 52的输出信号作为预失真参考信 号送给预失真系数计算单元 203。 除此之外, 其与图 15 中的预失真处理单元 完全相同。图 17所示为本发明装置实施例的图 10的反馈通道 204的详细框图: 包括反馈接收机 61,用于对收到的 PA22输出端的耦合信号或信号源 206的输 出信号进行频率变换、放大等处理;反馈 ADC62用于将反馈接收机 61输出的 信号通过采样进行模数转换变为数字信号。 反馈接收机 61输出的信号可以是 模拟中频信号, 也可以是模拟基带信号。 反馈 ADC62将输入的模拟中频信号 或模拟基带信号进行采样,转换为数字信号。如果反馈接收机的输入为经过隔
离网络 207的 PA22输出端的耦合信号, 则此数字信号被送到预失真系数计算 单元 203。 如果反馈接收机的输入为经过隔离网络 207的信号源 206的输出信 号, 则此数字信号被送到反馈通道校正单元 205。
使用数字中频预失真技术的时候,可以同时对反馈通道进行校正, 就是说 使用图 10作为框图, 图 10中的预失真处理单元内部框图为图 15或图 16。 但 是也可以不对反馈通道进行校正, 就是说使用图 18作为框图。 图 18中的数字 中频预失真处理单元内部框图为图 15或图 16。
到目前为止, 所有的数字预失真都是在数字基带信号上进行的, 即是对数 字基带信号进行预失真处理的, 所处理的信号为复信号。 而图 14中的预失真 处理是在数字中频信号上进行的, 即是对数字中频信号进行预失真处理的, 所 处理的信号为实信号。
数字中频预失真单元的内部框图见图 15与图 16。 首先, 要将数字中频预 失真处理单元输入的数字基带信号调制为数字中频信号 ,然后利用预失真系数 计算单元送来的预失真系数对数字中频信号进行预失真处理 ,处理之后的数字 中频信号被输出, 送到 DAC, 转换为模拟中频信号, 然后再送到射频小信号 单元。
图 15与图 16的差异是: 图 15输出的预失真参考信号为预失真之前的信 号, 图 16输出的预失真参考信号为预失真之后的信号。
数字中频预失真技术所使用的预失真处理与数字基带预失真不同, 相应 地, 其需要的校正系数与数字基带预失真技术不同, 进一步相应地, 要求预失 真系数计算单元使用与数字基带预失真不同的预失真系数计算方法。
对于数字中频预失真技术, 使用图 10的框图的时候, 需要对反馈通道进 行校正,相应地,在计算预失真系数的时候,需要扣除反馈通道的失真的影响。 而在使用图 18的框图的时候, 则无须对反馈通道进行校正, 相应地, 在计算 预失真系数的时候, 不需要扣除反馈通道的失真的影响。
虽然通过以上实施例描绘了本发明, 本领域普通技术人员知道, 本发明有 许多变形和变化而不脱离本发明的精神,希望所附的权利要求包括这些变形和 变化而不脱离本发明的精神。
Claims
1、 一种预失真装置, 其特征在于, 包括预失真处理单元、 发射通道、 预 失真系数计算单元、 反馈通道、 信号源、 反馈通道校正单元;
所述预失真处理单元, 用于根据预失真系数对输入信号进行预失真处理; 所述发射通道,用于将所述预失真处理单元输出的信号转换为大功率射频 信号;
所述反馈通道, 用于获取所述发射通道输出的部分信号;
所述信号源, 用于产生测试信号, 发送给所述反馈通道;
所述反馈通道校正单元,用于根据所述信号源产生的测试信号以及经过所 述反馈通道后的测试信号, 获取所述反馈通道的失真系数;
所述预失真系数计算单元,用于根据所述输入信号和所述发射通道输出的 部分信号经过所述反馈通道输出的信号、 以及所述反馈通道的失真系数,产生 预失真系数发送给所述预失真处理单元。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的预失真装置, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 隔离网络, 与发射通道、 反馈通道、 信号源相连接, 用于所述发射通道与 所述反馈通道相通时隔离所述信号源,或者所述信号源与所述反馈通道相通时 隔离所述发射通道。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的预失真装置, 其特征在于, 所述隔离网络包括 电子器件和 /或开关, 所述电子器件为电阻、 电容、 电感、 耦合器之一或组合。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的预失真装置, 其特征在于, 所述反馈通道校正 单元与所述信号源之间设有控制接口,所述反馈通道校正单元通过所述控制接 口控制所述信号源的开关和 /或信号源输出信号的特性。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的预失真装置, 其特征在于, 所述发 射通道包括射频转换单元、 功率放大器;
所述射频转换单元,用于将所述预失真处理单元的输出信号转换为射频信 号;
所述功率放大器, 用于将所述射频转换单元输出的射频信号放大。
6、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的预失真装置, 其特征在于, 所述反 馈通道包括模数转换器、 反馈接收机;
所述反馈接收机, 用于接收所述发射通道输出的部分信号;
所述模数转换器, 用于对所述反馈接收机的输出信号进行采样。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的预失真装置, 其特征在于, 所述预 失真处理单元包括预失真器、 调制器、 数模转换器:
所述预失真器, 用于将所述输入信号进行预失真处理; 所述调制器, 用于 将所述预失真器输出的信号调制为中频信号; 所述数模转换器, 用于将所述调 制器输出的信号转换为模拟信号;
或者,所述调制器,用于将所述输入信号调制为中频信号;所述预失真器, 用于将所述调制器输出的信号进行预失真处理; 所述数模转换器, 用于将所述 预失真器输出的信号转换为模拟信号;
或者, 所述预失真器, 用于将所述输入信号进行预失真处理; 所述数模转 换器, 用于将所述预失真器输出的信号转换为模拟信号; 所述调制器, 用于将 所述数模转换器输出的信号调制为中频信号。
8、 一种预失真方法, 包括以下步骤: 根据预失真系数, 使输入信号预失 真; 将预失真后的输入信号经发射通道转换为射频信号,部分射频信号耦合到 反馈通道中 ,根据所述输入信号和通过反馈通道的射频信号,获得预失真系数, 其特征在于, 进一步包括:
获取所述反馈通道的失真系数;
从根据所述输入信号和通过所述反馈通道的射频信号获得的预失真系数 中扣除所述反馈通道的失真系数,扣除反馈通道的失真系数后的预失真系数用 于使所述输入信号预失真。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的预失真方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取所述反馈 通道的失真系数包括:
比较输入所述反馈通道的信号与经过所述反馈通道输出的信号,获取反馈 通道的失真系数。
10、 一种发射机, 其特征在于, 包括预失真处理单元、 发射通道、 预失真 系数计算单元、 反馈通道、 信号源、 反馈通道校正单元;
预失真处理单元, 用于根据预失真系数对输入信号进行预失真处理, 并输 出预失真参考信号;
发射通道, 用于将所述预失真处理单元输出的信号处理为大功率射频信 号;
反馈通道, 用于获取所述发射通道输出的部分信号;
信号源, 用于产生测试信号, 发送给所述反馈通道;
反馈通道校正单元,用于根据所述测试信号以及经过所述反馈通道后的测 试信号, 获取所述反馈通道的失真系数;
预失真系数计算单元,用于根据所述预失真参考信号和所述发射通道输出 的部分信号经过所述反馈通道输出的信号、 以及所述反馈通道的失真系数,产 生预失真系数发送给所述预失真处理单元。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的发射机, 其特征在于, 所述预失真处理单元 包括预失真器、 数字正交调制器、 数模转换器,
所述预失真器的输入信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真系数 计算单元: 所述预失真器, 用于将所述输入信号进行预失真处理; 所述数字正 交调制器,用于将所述预失真器输出的信号调制为中频信号;所述数模转换器, 用于将所述数字正交调制器输出的信号转换为模拟信号;
或者, 所述预失真器, 用于将所述输入信号进行预失真处理, 所述预失真 器的输出的信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真系数计算单元;所述 数字正交调制器,用于将所述预失真器输出的信号调制为中频信号; 所述数模 转换器, 用于将所述数字正交调制器输出的信号转换为模拟信号;
或者,所述预失真器的输入信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真 系数计算单元: 所述数字正交调制器, 用于将所述输入信号调制为中频信号; 所述预失真器, 用于将所述数字正交调制器输出的信号进行预失真处理; 所述 数模转换器, 用于将所述预失真器输出的信号转换为模拟信号;
或者, 所述数字正交调制器, 用于将所述输入信号调制为中频信号; 所述 预失真器, 用于将所述数字正交调制器输出的信号进行预失真处理, 所述预失 真器的输出信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真系数计算单元;所述 数模转换器, 用于将所述预失真器输出的信号转换为模拟信号。
12、 根据权利要求 10所述的发射机, 其特征在于, 所述预失真处理单元 包括预失真器、 数模转换器和模拟正交调制器,
所述预失真器的输入信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真系数 计算单元: 所述预失真器, 用于将所述输入信号进行预失真处理; 所述数模转 换器,用于将所述预失真器输出的信号转换为模拟信号;所述模拟正交调制器, 用于将所述数模转换器输出的信号调制为中频信号或射频信号;
或者, 所述预失真器, 用于将所述输入信号进行预失真处理, 所述预失真 器的输出信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真系数计算单元;所述数 模转换器, 用于将所述预失真器输出的信号转换为模拟信号; 所述模拟正交调 制器, 用于将所述数模转换器输出的信号调制为中频信号或射频信号。
13、根据权利要求 11或 12所述的发射机, 其特征在于, 所述发射通道包 括射频小信号单元和功率放大器:
所述射频小信号单元,用于将所述预失真处理单元的输出信号转换为射频 信号, 所述预失真处理单元的输出信号是模拟基带信号或者模拟中频信号; 所 述功率放大器, 用于将所述射频小信号单元输出的射频信号放大;
或者, 所述射频小信号单元, 用于对所述预失真处理单元的输出信号进行 滤波, 所述预失真处理单元的输出信号是射频信号; 所述功率放大器, 用于将 所述射频小信号单元输出的信号放大。
14、 一种预失真方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤:
根据预失真系数, 使输入信号预失真, 并提供预失真参考信号;
将预失真输出信号经发射通道后输出射频信号;
将部分射频信号耦合到反馈通道中;
根据所述预失真参考信号和通过反馈通道的输出信号 , 获得预失真系数; 获取反馈通道的失真系数;
从所述预失真系数中扣除所述反馈通道的失真系数;
根据扣除所述反馈通道的失真系数后的预失真系数,使所述输入信号预失 真。
15、一种发射机, 其特征在于, 该装置包括: 预失真处理单元、发射通道、 预失真系数计算单元、 反馈通道、 信号源、 反馈通道校正单元;
所述预失真处理单元, 用于将数字基带信号调制为数字中频信号后,根据 预失真系数对所述数字中频信号进行预失真处理 ,然后将预失真处理输出的数
字中频信号转换为模拟中频信号, 并输出预失真参考信号;
所述发射通道,用于将所述预失真处理单元输出的模拟中频信号处理为大 功率射频信号;
所述反馈通道, 用于获取所述发射通道输出的部分信号;
所述预失真系数计算单元,用于根据所述预失真参考信号和所述发射通道 输出的部分信号经过所述反馈通道输出的信号,产生预失真系数发送给所述预 失真处理单元。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的发射机, 其特征在于, 所述预失真处理单元 包括预失真器、 数字正交调制器、 数模转换器,
将所述预失真器的输入信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真系 数计算单元: 所述数字正交调制器, 用于将所述数字基带信号调制为数字中频 信号; 所述预失真器, 用于将所述数字正交调制器输出的数字中频信号进行预 失真处理; 所述数模转换器, 用于将所述预失真器输出的数字中频信号转换为 模拟中频信号;
或者, 所述数字正交调制器, 用于将数字基带信号调制为数字中频信号; 所述预失真器,用于将所述数字正交调制器输出的数字中频信号进行预失真处 理 ,所述预失真器的输出信号作为所述预失真参考信号送给所述预失真系数计 算单元; 所述数模转换器, 用于将所述预失真器输出的数字中频信号转换为模 拟中频信号。
17、 一种预失真方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤:
将数字基带信号调制为数字中频信号;
根据预失真系数, 使所述数字中频信号预失真, 并提供预失真参考信号; 将预失真后的数字中频信号经发射通道后输出射频信号;
将部分射频信号耦合到反馈通道中;
根据所述预失真参考信号和通过反馈通道的输出信号,获得当前的预失真 系数。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的预失真方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据预失真 系数, 使所述数字中频信号预失真, 并提供预失真参考信号包括:
将所述数字中频信号进行预失真处理,预失真之前的信号作为所述预失真
参考信号; 将预失真输出的数字中频信号转换为模拟中频信号; 或者,将所述数字中频信号进行预失真处理,预失真之后的信号作为所述 预失真参考信号; 将预失真输出的数字中频信号转换为模拟中频信号。
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CN100556015C (zh) * | 2007-03-27 | 2009-10-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种预失真装置及方法 |
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