WO2008110776A2 - Composant de centrale à vapeur - Google Patents

Composant de centrale à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008110776A2
WO2008110776A2 PCT/GB2008/000823 GB2008000823W WO2008110776A2 WO 2008110776 A2 WO2008110776 A2 WO 2008110776A2 GB 2008000823 W GB2008000823 W GB 2008000823W WO 2008110776 A2 WO2008110776 A2 WO 2008110776A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strainer
steam
screen
float
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2008/000823
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008110776A3 (fr
Inventor
Richard Anthony Fear
Original Assignee
Spirax-Sarco Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Spirax-Sarco Limited filed Critical Spirax-Sarco Limited
Publication of WO2008110776A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008110776A2/fr
Publication of WO2008110776A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008110776A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16TSTEAM TRAPS OR LIKE APPARATUS FOR DRAINING-OFF LIQUIDS FROM ENCLOSURES PREDOMINANTLY CONTAINING GASES OR VAPOURS
    • F16T1/00Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B01D46/521Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16TSTEAM TRAPS OR LIKE APPARATUS FOR DRAINING-OFF LIQUIDS FROM ENCLOSURES PREDOMINANTLY CONTAINING GASES OR VAPOURS
    • F16T1/00Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers
    • F16T1/20Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers with valves controlled by floats
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/265Apparatus for washing and purifying steam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/50Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for air conditioning

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam plant component for installation in a steam plant, in particular a steam plant component incorporating a strainer screen for removing debris from steam or condensate flowing through the plant.
  • Strainer screens are generally incorporated as part of a corresponding steam plant component installed in the steam plant, the component generally comprising a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and a strainer chamber in-between the fluid inlet and outlet for accommodating the strainer screen. Fluid in the form of steam or condensate enters the steam plant component through the fluid inlet and exits the component through the fluid outlet, passing through the strainer screen along the way.
  • the steam plant component may be a dedicated strainer or some other plant component such as a steam trap providing both a strainer function and a trap function. Where the component is a steam trap, the strainer chamber is usually situated upstream of the trapping components, and in particular upstream of any valve seat of the trap to prevent debris from reaching the trapping components.
  • the strainer screen itself is generally of very simple construction, typically comprising a perforated or wire-mesh screen spanning the cross-section of the relevant strainer chamber and having a straightforward shape such as a regular cylindrical shape (angled to the direction of steam flow so as to span the cross section of the strainer chamber). It is an object of the present invention to seek to provide a steam plant component incorporating an improved strainer screen.
  • the strainer screen may be generally cylindrical and incorporates circumferential corrugations forming a series of circumferential ridges and valleys along the longitudinal axis of the strainer screen.
  • the screen may be of generally cylindrical configuration, with axially extending pleats forming ridges and valleys as viewed from the exterior of the screen.
  • the opposite faces of each ridge may be parallel to each other.
  • the screen may have an axially extending opening over part of its periphery, bounded by screen edges situated at or near the radially outermost regions of respective ridges.
  • At least one axial end of the screen may be closed.
  • the steam plant component may be a strainer or a steam trap, for example a float trap, which incorporates a strainer,
  • a steam trap may comprise a single body which accommodates a steam trap mechanism and also includes a strainer chamber provided with a strainer screen.
  • a float operated valve mechanism comprising a valve element which is movable into and out of engagement with a valve seat, the valve element being connected for actuation to a float lever by a connecting arm, the float lever carrying a float and being pivotable about a fulcrum, the moment arm between the fulcrum and the line of action of a buoyancy force on the float, acting through the centre of buoyancy of the float, being greater than the moment arm between the fulcrum and the line of action of a force applied at a pivotal connection between the lever arm and the connecting arm in a direction corresponding to opening movement of the valve element, the mechanism including a counterweight which generates a moment about the fulcrum in the sense opposite to that generated by the weight of the float.
  • the float operated valve mechanism seeks to address a problem associated with float traps.
  • float traps When used in pressurised systems such as steam traps, floats must be strong enough to withstand the pressure of the steam to which they are subjected. In practice, this means that floats are made from strong materials, such as stainless steel, and need to have a significant wall thickness, for example in the range 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm. As a result, the efficiency of the float, in terms of the ratio of the buoyancy available to operate the valve to the total buoyancy of the float, can be less than 50% and sometimes significantly so.
  • float traps It is desirable for float traps to have as large a discharge orifice as possible, so that accumulated condensate can be discharged quickly. Since the valve element must be displaced from the valve seat against the pressure within the chamber, an increased discharge capacity requires a greater buoyancy force. This, in turn, requires a larger float, leading to the need for a larger chamber to accommodate the float. It would therefore be desirable for the discharge orifice to be as large as possible, while keeping the overall dimensions of the float trap as small as possible.
  • the counterweight may be mounted on the float lever at a position on the opposite side from the float of a vertical plane containing the fulcrum.
  • this can result in the counterweight being situated above the valve seat, and will move upwardly as the float descends. If the mechanism is to be installed within the chamber of a float trap, the size of the chamber may need to be increased to accommodate the movement of the counterweight.
  • the counterweight is mounted on a counterweight arm which is rigidly connected to the carrier in such a way that the counterweight acts on the carrier in the direction to displace the valve element away from the valve seat.
  • the counterweight can thus be situated on the same side as the float of the vertical plane containing the fulcrum.
  • the carrier may be pivotably mounted with respect to the valve seat by a pivot shaft, in which case the counterweight arm may be connected by the same pivot shaft to the carrier, and a locking pin may be provided at a position spaced from the pivot shaft to secure the counterweight arm against rotation relatively to the carrier about the pivot shaft.
  • the locking pin and the pivot shaft may be parallel to each other, and situated on opposite sides of the valve seat.
  • the locking pin may also extend through the connecting arm, so as to provide the pivotable connection between the carrier and the connecting arm.
  • FIGURE 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a strainer screen employed in a Y- type strainer
  • FIGURE 2 is a cut-away view of a float trap
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic side view of a float operated valve mechanism of the float trap of figure 1 ;
  • FIGURE 4 shows a strainer screen employed in the float trap of Figure 1 ;
  • FIGURE 5 corresponds to Figure 3, but shows an alternative embodiment of the float operated valve mechanism
  • FIGURE 6 shows an end-on perspective view of a strainer screen located within the strainer chamber of a float trap:
  • FIGURE 7 corresponds to an isometric drawing of the strainer screen shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 1 shows a steam plant component, in this case a dedicated strainer 100.
  • the strainer 100 comprises a strainer body 100a of generally conventional Y-shaped construction incorporating a fluid inlet in the form of a steam inlet 102, a fluid outlet in the form of a steam outlet 104 generally aligned with the steam inlet 102, and a blind cylindrical "pocket" 106 which diverges from the outlet 104 along the direction of steam flow A and forms a strainer chamber 108 in between the inlet 102 and the outlet 104.
  • a strainer screen 110 is accommodated in the strainer chamber 108.
  • the strainer screen 110 comprises a sheet material, for example stainless steel or Monel®, which is perforated by holes (not shown) of sufficiently small size to allow the strainer screen 110 to intercept and arrest movement of debris incident on the strainer screen 110, while nevertheless permitting relatively free flow of fluid through the strainer screen 110.
  • the perforations may circular and each perforation may be 0.8mm to 3mm wide.
  • the strainer screen 110 is generally cylindrical, but with a convoluted configuration incorporating a series of circumferential corrugations 112.
  • the corrugations 112 form a series of alternating circumferential ridges 114 and valleys 116 along the longitudinal axis B of the strainer screen 110, giving the strainer 110 a "ribbed" appearance as shown in Figure 1.
  • the strainer screen may have an axial length of 46 to 298mm, and the ridge to ridge pitch of the corrugations may independently be in the range 5 to 20mm, more specifically 8 to 15mm.
  • the diameter of the strainer screen may be in the range 18 to 208mm.
  • each ridge 114 and valley 116 is defined by a circular arc of 180°, so that the flanks of each corrugation between the respective ridge 114 and the corresponding valleys 116 are parallel to each other.
  • the strainer screen 110 sits co-axially in the cylindrical strainer chamber 108 and extends back towards the inlet so as to span the cross-section of the strainer chamber 108, thus ensuring that steam passing through the inlet 102 and exiting the outlet 104 passes through the screen 110 along the way.
  • the strainer 100 is configured for installation in a steam plant between two sections of a steam pipeline (not shown) using attachment flanges 114, 116, associated with the inlet 102 and outlet 104 respectively; the flanges 114, 116 may be fixedly attached to corresponding flanges on the pipeline sections (not shown) in conventional manner to secure the strainer 100 between the pipeline sections.
  • fluid primarily steam in this case, flowing from one of the pipeline sections to the other of the pipeline sections enters the strainer 100 through the steam inlet 102, passes through the strainer chamber 108, where the strainer screen 110 acts to 'sieve' debris from the steam, and then exits through the outlet 104.
  • the convoluted configuration of the strainer screen 110 provides a relatively large surface area for the size of the strainer screen 110, thus tending to optimise the flow capacity of the strainer 110 and minimise the pressure drop across the strainer 110 as a function of the overall size of the strainer 110.
  • Figure 2 shows a steam plant component in the form of a float trap, comprising a casing 2 defining a chamber 4.
  • the chamber 4 has an inlet 6 and an outlet 8.
  • the inlet 6 opens into a strainer chamber 10; the strainer chamber 10 also has an outlet (also not shown in Figure 2) that communicates with the chamber 4.
  • a strainer screen 12 is accommodated in the strainer chamber 10; the strainer screen 12 is not illustrated in Figure 2 for the purposes of clarity, but is shown clearly in Figure 7.
  • the strainer screen 12 comprises a sheet material, for example stainless steel or Monel®, which is perforated by holes (not shown) of sufficient size to intercept solid matter passing through the inlet 6, while permitting relatively free flow of fluid, primarily condensate in this case, through the strainer chamber 10.
  • the perforations in the strainer may be circular, having a diameter of approximately 0.5 to 3mm.
  • the sheet material of the strainer screen 12 is folded into a generally cylindrical, convoluted configuration of non-circular form, giving the strainer screen 12 a somewhat star-shaped configuration as viewed from the end.
  • the strainer screen 12 has a plurality of pleats in the sheet material, which define alternate valleys 40 and ridges 42.
  • the ridges 42 form radially extending arms 38, each of which has opposite sides 44 that are parallel to each other.
  • the strainer screen 12 has an axially extending opening 46, defined between edges 48 along the ridges 42 of respective half-arms 50.
  • the strainer screen 12 shown in Figure 7 is open-ended, the strainer being closed by contact with the ends of the strainer chamber 10. In other embodiments, one or both ends of the strainer screen 12 may be closed by end panels.
  • the strainer screen 12 is positioned within the strainer chamber 10 so that the opening 46 faces the inlet 6. Consequently, condensate flowing into the strainer chamber 10 enters the interior of the strainer screen 12 and flows through the perforations into the valleys 40 between the arms 38. The condensate flows axially along the valleys 40 into the chamber 4.
  • the float trap is installed in a steam plant at a position below a device, such as a heat exchanger (not shown), in which steam is utilised for heating purposes. Condensate forming as a result of loss of heat from the steam drains to the inlet 6 and flows under gravity into the strainer chamber 10, where the strainer screen 12 "sieves" the condensate to remove debris, and out into the chamber 4.
  • a device such as a heat exchanger (not shown)
  • Condensate forming as a result of loss of heat from the steam drains to the inlet 6 and flows under gravity into the strainer chamber 10, where the strainer screen 12 "sieves" the condensate to remove debris, and out into the chamber 4.
  • strainer screen 12 advantageously has a relatively large screening area in relation to its overall (volumetric) size.
  • a float lever support 20 is secured to the valve housing 16 and supports a float lever 22 for pivotal movement about a float lever pin 24, serving as a fulcrum.
  • the float lever 22 carries a float 26 at one end and a counterweight 28 at the other end.
  • the centre of buoyancy of the float 26 is indicated at 27.
  • the accumulated condensate in the chamber 4 can then flow through the valve seat 18 and the valve housing 16 to the outlet 8 under the action of the system pressure in the chamber 4.
  • the float 26 then falls again, so closing the valve element 30 against the seat 18, allowing condensate to accumulate again within the chamber 4.
  • the moment arm between the centre of buoyancy 27 of the float 26 and the fulcrum constituted by the pivot pin 24, measured in the horizontal direction, is significantly greater than the moment arm between the fulcrum 24 and the line of action of the force applied at the pivot pin 38 to the connecting arm 36 owing to the movement of the float arm 22.
  • the counterweight 28 applies to the float arm 22 a moment in the same direction as the buoyancy force acting on the float 26.
  • the buoyancy of the float 26 is sufficient to withdraw the valve element 30 from the seat 18 against the differential pressure acting on the valve element 30 in the direction towards the valve seat 18.
  • FIG 4 shows an alternative configuration for the float operated valve mechanism 14. Parts corresponding to those shown in Figures 1 and 2 are identified by the same reference numbers.
  • the float lever 22 extends generally only to one side of the pivot pin 24 and carries the float 26.
  • the counterweight 28 is carried on a separate lever 56 which is connected to the carrier 32 by the pivot pin 34 about which the carrier 32 is pivotable relative to the valve seat support 20.
  • the lever 56 is cranked, and as shown in Figure 4 it extends upwardly from the pivot pin 34 to the pivot pin 40 which extends through the carrier 32 and the counterweight lever 56.
  • the pivot pin 40 thus serves as a locking pin to secure the counterweight in a fixed orientation with respect to the carrier 32.
  • the pin 40 serves both as the locking pin and as the connection pin between the connecting arm 36 and the carrier 12. In other embodiments, these can be performed by separate pivot pins.
  • the counterweight is in the form of a cylindrical mass, and may be manufactured by cutting an appropriate length of bar stock which is subsequently secured, for example by welding, to the counterweight arm 56.
  • the counterweight 28 may be formed integrally with the arm 56, for example by casting from a suitable material such as steel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Float Valves (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un composant de centrale à vapeur configuré pour être installé dans une centrale à vapeur, le composant définissant une chambre de crépine présentant une entrée de fluide et une sortie de fluide pour laisser passer la vapeur ou un condensat à travers la chambre de crépine dans la centrale à vapeur, la chambre de crépine logeant un écran de crépine présentant une configuration alvéolée.
PCT/GB2008/000823 2007-03-09 2008-03-10 Composant de centrale à vapeur WO2008110776A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0704633A GB0704633D0 (en) 2007-03-09 2007-03-09 A float operated mechanism
GB0704633.7 2007-03-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008110776A2 true WO2008110776A2 (fr) 2008-09-18
WO2008110776A3 WO2008110776A3 (fr) 2011-03-17

Family

ID=37988725

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2008/000823 WO2008110776A2 (fr) 2007-03-09 2008-03-10 Composant de centrale à vapeur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB0704633D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008110776A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010042400A3 (fr) * 2008-10-09 2011-01-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Sphere de mélange de systeme de demarrage
WO2010089250A3 (fr) * 2009-02-03 2011-03-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Filtre à vapeur et procédé de réalisation d'un filtre à vapeur
EP3459612A1 (fr) * 2017-09-22 2019-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Filtre à vapeur pour vanne de prise de vapeur

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB586855A (en) * 1944-07-29 1947-04-02 George M Walton A method and means for separating oil from air
GB730259A (en) * 1952-08-01 1955-05-18 Combustion Eng Improvements in or relating to a steam purifying apparatus and a method of obtainingpurified steam
DE976411C (de) * 1953-02-15 1963-08-14 Adolf Karel Velan Dampfwasserableiter
US3467066A (en) * 1966-12-29 1969-09-16 Combustion Eng Stack drier for shell and tube vapor generator
US4745943A (en) * 1987-04-28 1988-05-24 Mortensen Erik M Continuous flow steam condensate removal device
US5137556A (en) * 1991-06-11 1992-08-11 Accu-Flow Tech, Inc. Steam condensate drainage device for a steam piping system
US5190161A (en) * 1987-04-22 1993-03-02 Arai Machinery Corporation Cylindrical element for filtering and separation
DE10345925A1 (de) * 2003-10-02 2005-05-04 Opel Adam Ag Partikelfilter für einen Verbrennungsgasstrom mit induktivem Regenerationsverfahren
EP1806168A1 (fr) * 2006-01-04 2007-07-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tamis à vapeur
JP2007330913A (ja) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-27 Daiwa Kagaku Kogyo Kk 焼酎粕の処理方法及び処理装置

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB586855A (en) * 1944-07-29 1947-04-02 George M Walton A method and means for separating oil from air
GB730259A (en) * 1952-08-01 1955-05-18 Combustion Eng Improvements in or relating to a steam purifying apparatus and a method of obtainingpurified steam
DE976411C (de) * 1953-02-15 1963-08-14 Adolf Karel Velan Dampfwasserableiter
US3467066A (en) * 1966-12-29 1969-09-16 Combustion Eng Stack drier for shell and tube vapor generator
US5190161A (en) * 1987-04-22 1993-03-02 Arai Machinery Corporation Cylindrical element for filtering and separation
US4745943A (en) * 1987-04-28 1988-05-24 Mortensen Erik M Continuous flow steam condensate removal device
US5137556A (en) * 1991-06-11 1992-08-11 Accu-Flow Tech, Inc. Steam condensate drainage device for a steam piping system
DE10345925A1 (de) * 2003-10-02 2005-05-04 Opel Adam Ag Partikelfilter für einen Verbrennungsgasstrom mit induktivem Regenerationsverfahren
EP1806168A1 (fr) * 2006-01-04 2007-07-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tamis à vapeur
JP2007330913A (ja) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-27 Daiwa Kagaku Kogyo Kk 焼酎粕の処理方法及び処理装置

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010042400A3 (fr) * 2008-10-09 2011-01-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Sphere de mélange de systeme de demarrage
CN102177315A (zh) * 2008-10-09 2011-09-07 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 启动系统混合球
US8230686B2 (en) 2008-10-09 2012-07-31 Banas John M Start-up system mixing sphere
WO2010089250A3 (fr) * 2009-02-03 2011-03-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Filtre à vapeur et procédé de réalisation d'un filtre à vapeur
EP3459612A1 (fr) * 2017-09-22 2019-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Filtre à vapeur pour vanne de prise de vapeur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008110776A3 (fr) 2011-03-17
GB0704633D0 (en) 2007-04-18

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