WO2008104158A2

WO2008104158A2 - Hollow flame

Info

Publication number: WO2008104158A2
Application number: PCT/DE2008/000328
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ulrich Dreizler; Daniel Dreizler
Original assignee: Ulrich Dreizler
Priority date: 2007-02-27
Filing date: 2008-02-27
Publication date: 2008-09-04
Also published as: EP2126471B1; WO2008104158A3; DE102007009922A1; EP2126471A2

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and an burner apparatus for burning oil and/or gas as fuel. In said method and apparatus, a combined flame (16,3) is generated by means of individual flames (16.1 and 16.2), and a hollow flame is formed within the combined flame, downstream of a fire tube (1) and upstream of the combustion process. In a separate embodiment, exhaust gas can recirculate within said hollow flame. A baffle plate (3) that is disposed inside the air flow is an important structural element for forming the hollow flame.

Description

DREIZLER, Ulrich: 78595 Hausen if Verena

hollow flame

State of the art

The invention is based on a method or a burner device, in particular for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claims 1 and of claim 15.

An increasing problem in combustion plants consists in the relatively large heat demand and thereby to be observed limits of the poison content in the exhaust gas. Here, especially the pollution of the environment NO _{x plays} a major role, the share known also increases with increasing temperature of the combustion process (flame).

A second significant problem is the increasing fuel prices in the implementation of potential energy present in the fuel into heat and their transition to the heat transfer medium, such as water in a heating system, of course, with the least possible effort a favorable related efficiency is sought. As is known, direct convection of a hot flame on the boiler wall is particularly favorable for heat transfer to the heat transfer material. However, such a particularly hot flame generates a lot of NO _x in the exhaust gas. For the heat transfer, of course, the radiation of a flame of importance, but less significant than their Konvektionswirkung and depending on a number of other factors, such as. B. absorption and reflection through the boiler wall.

This problem of heat transfer relates to the shape and design of the flame in the furnace and so far is independent of the nature of the fuel to see, for example, whether it is a combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels.

In known generic method and

Burner devices (EP 0 347 834, Dreizier and EP 0 857 915, Elco) is a central fuel nozzle is present, the continuous operation of the Nachzündmöglichkeit the other nozzle causes a safe combustion process in the other nozzles. In addition, flow resistances are present in the combustion chamber, which cause a recirculation of exhaust gas in the outer flame area, whereby a reduction of the combustion temperature takes place with a given decrease of the NO _x , without therefore the important also for the heat transfer radiation temperature of the flame goes back. Each of the individual flames has in tearing off the centrally formed total flame an extraordinary importance for the current reignition of the fuel-air mixture, which is crucial for a good efficiency.

In another known burner device (EP 0 478 305, Hitachi), which is primarily used as a premix burner for gas turbines are arranged centrally symmetrical gas nozzles and a flow resistance is arranged in the mixture stream of combustion air and fuel gas in the flame, thereby to recirculate "combustion gas substantially downstream of the center of the eddy current." Essentially, it is free-blowing, which by external nozzles Although a cooling of the center of the flame and thus a reduction of the NOχ-share is achieved, but without the help of recirculating exhaust gas and at the cost of a great effort bezgl. Design and arrangement of this central in the flame In addition, due to the flow dynamics at and around the flow resistance, there are considerable doubts about the flame stability of this burner device.

A problem completely independent of the reduction of the NO _x content in the exhaust gas is the special combustion of special substances such as regenerative substances or additives which either do not burn on their own or cause a reduction of the toxic constituent in the exhaust gas during combustion. For example, urea feed causes a reduction in the NO _x content, or the glycerol accumulated in the production of biodiesel can be detoxified by a post-combustion chemical conversion. Among the difficult to dispose of substances include, among others, heavy oils, frying fats udgl. The disposal of these substances by combustion is known to take place in very complex processes and devices.

So far, the state of the art of central flame formation and fuel injection, which always accompanied with the problem of mixing material flows with the Additives / special fuels in the atomization phase with the constant risk of incomplete combustion and poison emission in the exhaust, which could be countered only with high excess air and lower efficiency.

The problem underlying the invention

The invention has for its object a method, or to develop a burner device for carrying out this method, with or with the cooling of individual flames and the total flame formed therefrom with a total given reduction of NO _{x is} given without one in the flame arranged device and also with the ability to easily change the given burner performance on the fuel side without disadvantage for a detoxification of the exhaust gases. The invention is also based on the object to achieve a simplified solution for special combustion of particular non-burning substances, without therefore a deterioration of the exhaust gas occurs.

The invention and its advantages

An advantage of the inventive method over the known methods that the recirculating exhaust gases are also supplied to the interior of the overall flame in order to achieve the desired NO _x decontamination in the desired extent.

The inventive method, or the burner device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1, 10 and 15 has the advantage over the known methods and burner devices that the usual there central flame or core flame is omitted and instead the individual flames form an internally hollow stable overall flame.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, for the control of the combustion air this is at least partially directed to the center of the total flame, in which case a congestion or a negative pressure in the flame center is formed, so that this hollow flame has an internal, taking place within the cavity recirculation of exhaust gases ,

Such a hollow flame, which is open against the air flow, has a central exhaust gas recirculation, with no combustion forming inside the cavity due to the central orifice plate opening. The arrangement according to the invention makes it easy to change the heat output via the flames and there is a central recirculation of exhaust gas which is important for the detoxification (NO _x ) of the flames or flame.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the individual flames or nozzles consist of base flames or basic nozzles and additional flames or additional nozzles, of which the base flames serve to ignite and control the combustion. An additional flame, for example, which is further outwardly arranged base flame is assigned, which is controlled and ignited by the base flame, the final flame formed from the base flame as well as in combination with the additional flame is a hollow flame. To achieve this, according to the invention a corresponding control of the combustion air is required, for example in the form of a baffle plate with a central opening, so that in the interior of this due to the baffle plate arranged in the air flow and in conjunction with the distance from the center arranged individual nozzles (individual flames) formed hollow-shaped overall flame a central recirculation of exhaust gas is effected. It is particularly advantageous in this case that the additional flame of the base flame can be superimposed with a corresponding increase in power or can be switched off without, therefore, the exhaust gas detoxifying criteria, such as the internal recirculation of exhaust gas are deteriorated. While in the hollow flame, the recirculation of the exhaust gases automatically changes with the size of the flame, the recirculation on the outside of the flame can be done anyway by the means known in the art.

An additional advantage is that this type of firing device with basic nozzle and additional nozzle is particularly inexpensive to produce and, above all, is easy to control. This advantage relates above all to the possibility of arranging such a firing device within the tubular combustion head center, besides nozzles for a liquid fuel, such as light fuel oil, nozzles for a gaseous fuel, such as natural gas.

Advantageously, according to the invention, the base flames, or rather the base nozzles, are arranged more outside, that is, farther away from the center of the combustion area, wherein one base flame can control a plurality of additional flames. Thus, in an embodiment of the invention, the nozzles of the individual flames, ie of the base flame and additional flame, can also be arranged side by side on a circle, with the advantage that the hollow shape of the overall flame formed above all by the additional flames is favorable and causes a uniform internal recirculation regardless of whether only the base flame or the additional flames are in operation. According to the invention, the individual flames, for example base flame or additional flame, can also be operated alternatively. For example, a 3-stage performance can be achieved. In this case, the first stage could be achieved by the base flame, the second alternatively by the additional flame and the third stage by the addition of the base flame and additional flame.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control of the flames via the control of the reflux of the fuel in a return of the same can take place. In this case, it is particularly advantageous that the power of the flame is controlled by the amount of backflow given by the nozzles, so that stepless control is possible.

While in the flame the recirculation of the exhaust gases changes automatically with the size of the flame, the recirculation on the outside of the flame is anyway controlled by means known in the art.

Thus, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a recirculation of exhaust gas on the outside of the flame is achieved by arranged in the air flow means. Such a recirculation of the exhaust gases by projecting into the combustion air flow webs is known (EP 0 347 834 Bl, Dreizier). Hereby is achieved that the flames on the outside because of the exhaust gas recirculation to be cooled in order to achieve a reduction of NO _x, therefore, without actual power losses in the convection between the flame and heat transfer occur. This embodiment of the invention is a combination of the outer recirculation with the hollow flame or with the recirculation of exhaust gas in the center of the flames, the total flame according to the invention forms a total of a hollow flame. Depending on the control of individual flames, ground flames and additional flame formed overall flame has this in its central hollow-shaped area by the recirculation taking place there a relatively low temperature but with little, there anyway ineffective, radiation intensity. The fuel energy is thus converted primarily to the outer region of this hollow overall flame and transferred to the heat transfer material, for example, water next to a boiler wall, optionally with the interposition of a flame tube.

According to an additional advantageous embodiment of the invention, apart from the possibility of controlling the individual flames or of the base flame and additional flame and the respectively supplied amount of fuel can be controlled. Such amounts of control can be done on one of the types of flames (single flame, flame, additional flame), but also with the use of different fuels in the claimed burner device on one of these different fuels, which of course then only in the leads to the respective other nozzles and control means can be done. As a device for controlling the fuel lines, an electrically actuated valve or an electrically operated slide can be used according to the invention. In this way, the firing capacity can be controlled in a known manner. However, it can also be arranged for the control of the amount of fuel supplied in at least one of the fuel lines, a quantity control valve, in addition to a merely the supply of fuel releasing or blocking device.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the respective flames or nozzles may be provided with their own ignition devices, since unlike the known firing device, a central ignition and control device is missing. Although such Individual facilities would result in an additional expense, they would be in terms of the overall device cheaper than a central control flame, especially as regards the consumption of fuels, which also increases due to increasing prices also in importance.

According to an additional embodiment of the burner device branch off the fuel lines to the individual nozzles as to the basic nozzles and / or auxiliary nozzles of each one connected to the fuel source central line, in each of which a control device for the flow control of the fuel is arranged. In this way, the desired connection, shutdown or alternative switching of the fuel to the nozzles can be achieved in a simple manner. Again, it should be noted that it may be different fuels, for example, that the base flame is that of an oil burner, whereas the additional flame is formed by a gas flame.

In particular, when it comes to the same fuel, according to an additional embodiment of the invention, the lines leading to the base nozzle and auxiliary nozzle lines are preceded by a main line which connects these lines with each other and is controllably supplied with fuel.

According to an additional advantageous, also claimed for themselves embodiment of the invention, the base nozzle and the additional nozzle are arranged coaxially to each other, for example, a central Ölbrennerdüse within a coaxially arranged around this gas nozzle. As a result, the passage cross section for the combustion air is not unnecessarily restricted. One can thereby structurally accommodate and apply this method even with smaller burner heads.

According to an additional claimed embodiment of the invention, in the method according to the invention or the burner device within the hollow flame, a special combustion of special substances not suitable for the independent flame generation takes place, by passing them into the cavity present there, in particular in the burner device by using a special special nozzle, which is arranged centrally to the nozzle forming the hollow flame. On the one hand, these special substances are additives which detoxify the main fuel by means of a catalytic reaction in the hollow flame or combustible liquid or gaseous wastes, which can now be economically supplied to energy utilization and utilization in a cost-effective manner.

According to an additional embodiment of the invention, the combustion method according to the invention and the burner device is advantageously supplemented by the use of an additive atomization, wherein the additives according to the invention are fed to the center of the hollow flame, which takes place in particular via a centrally introduced, hydraulically controlled lance. Thus, for example, the additive effect of the exhaust gas detoxification along the entire hollow flame-forming space can take effect without affecting the combustion process.

Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the following description, the drawings and claims removed. Description of the embodiments

Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

It shows very simplified:

1 shows a longitudinal section with function symbols.

Fig. 2 is a view from the front side of

Oil burner device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for a

Oil burner device;

Fig. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for a

Oil burner device with basic and additional nozzle;

Fig. 5 frontal view of an oil burner device to

Fig. 4 with circular arrangement of the nozzles;

Fig. 6 longitudinal section with function symbols with

Arrangement of the nozzle pairs radially to each other;

Fig. 7 longitudinal section with function symbols for a

Gas fire;

Fig. 8 longitudinal section and end view of a

Combination burners for oil and gas;

Fig. 9 frontal view of a combination burner with two parallel oil burner nozzles; Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section through a combination burner with coaxial arrangement of oil and gas nozzle;

Figure 11 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for an oil burner, combined with a nozzle for special combustion.

Fig. 12, the frontal view of the oil burner with

Special combustion according to Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for a

Oil burner device with basic and additional nozzle as well as two nozzles for special combustion;

Fig. 14 is an end view of the oil burner with

Special combustion from FIG. 13;

Fig. 15 longitudinal section through an externally controlled lance.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, an oil burner is shown in longitudinal section, or viewed from the front side, in which in a burner tube 1 oil nozzles 2 are arranged in a circle around a baffle plate 3, which has a central opening 4. The burner tube 1 has on its end facing the baffle plate 3 an inwardly directed cone 5, which forms an annular passage opening 6 with the outer edge of the baffle plate 3. The liquid fuel is supplied from a fuel tank 7 via a line 8 by means of a pump 9 to the oil nozzles 2, wherein in the line 8 to the control of a solenoid valve 10 is arranged. For distribution to the individual oil nozzles 2, a branch 11 to individual lines 12 is provided in the line 8. The combustion air is introduced by known means, not shown, such as a radial fan on the back 13 of the burner tube 1, in this in the flow direction 14 as soon as the furnace is in operation. This air flow impinges on the baffle plate 3 and is guided via the circular passage opening and the central opening in the combustion chamber 15. About the solenoid valve 10, the oil flow to the oil nozzles 2 is delayed transmitted and atomized after exiting the nozzle 2 and ignited. This creates the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2. In the baffle plate also radially extending swirl blades 17 are provided, through which the combustion air is swirled on exiting the burner tube 1 into the combustion chamber 15 in order to achieve a good mixing with the fuel atomized via the oil nozzles 2. In addition, recirculation 18 of exhaust gas on the outside to the total flame 16.3 formed by the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2 is achieved by the cone 5 on the burner tube 1.

At the foot of the total flame formed by the individual flames 16.1 and .2 16.3 and downstream of the central opening 4 of the baffle plate 3 according to the invention forms a cavity 19 which is open to the central opening 4 and off the same by the total flame 16.3 can be open to the flame end and allows a central flame-free zone, wherein in this cavity 19 due to the stowage effect is lack of combustion air, or lack of oxygen prevails. This lack of oxygen leads to CO formation. Due to the design of the central opening 4 is achieved, however, that within the cavity 19, a recirculation of exhaust gas takes place with the result of detoxification of NO _x -Anteils during the combustion process by the high internal CO content, which burns downstream completely in the flame chamber 15 pollutant-free , The very low temperatures in the central area of the total flame 16.3 lead to the fact that no harmful NO _x - share can form at all.

In the hydraulic circuit diagram shown in Fig. 3 for an oil burner with four each individual flames 16.1 and .2 generating oil nozzles 2 20 pressure-opening control heads 21 are arranged on the nozzle rods, which open into a common pressure-leading control line 23. This control line 23 comes from the pressure side of the pump 9 and serves to supply the individual nozzles 2. The control heads 21 (FIG. 15) open the needle valves 43 effectively via a spring-actuated auxiliary cylinder only from a defined pressure in the supply line 22 from the control line 23 In the case of pressure drop, the nozzles allow automatic nozzle closure, which prevents the fuel from spilling at standstill. From the control heads 21 is in each case a return line 12, which opens into a return manifold 8 with downstream pressure control part 26 for power regulation. In the return line 8 additional control valves 10 may be arranged, which operate independently of the quantity control. This advantageous arrangement makes it possible to regulate the atomization pressure at the nozzles 2 steplessly via the pressure control part 26.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is an oil burner, in each of which close to each other and on a circle two oil nozzles 27 and 28 are arranged in pairs, each generating 16.1 u 16.2 single flames and of which a nozzle 27 serves as a basic nozzle, while the adjacent second nozzle 28 is provided as an additional nozzle, wherein the base nozzle 16.1 generates a base flame and the auxiliary nozzle an additional flame 16.2. The basic flames and additional flames cause the total flame 16.3, wherein for adjusting, or tuning of the individual nozzles each other, the passage through the individual lines 12 can be adjusted. Basically, the oil lines are formed as in the previous examples, namely with a line 8, in which a solenoid valve 10 is arranged, which leads to a branch 11, from which the individual lines 12 branch off, leading to the oil nozzles. The oil supply takes place via a pump 9 to a manifold 29, from which the two lines 8 lead to the branches 11.

The working pressure in the distributor 29 is controlled by two pressure meter 30. According to the invention instead of this

Double nozzle arrangement also be provided a single nozzle, in which the flow, as in this embodiment but also the embodiment of FIG. 1, is shown. But it can also be controlled by the return of one or both of these total flame 16.3 forming the base nozzle or auxiliary nozzle. The particular advantage of the double nozzle arrangement is that one of the nozzles operates continuously, so that its flame, the base flame 16.1 or additional flame 16.2, controls the other flames. In this way, it is ensured that a multi-level regulation of the overall flame 16.3 can be easily switched to trouble-free burner output regulation.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 6, as in Fig. 1, a burner tube 1, but with independent of the type of fuel in pairs and radially arranged nozzles 31 and 32, their supply lines 33 and 34 according to the different nature of the fuel via one Valve 35 and 36 are controlled. Again, the cavity 19 is mainly formed by the central opening 4 and between the individual flames 16.1 and 16.2, and the total flame 16.3, which are generated via the nozzles 32. The flames caused by the nozzles 31 are the base flames 16.1, the supplemented by connecting the nozzles 32 with additional flames 16.2 in the sum of the total flame 16.3 form a hollow flame.

In Fig. 7, a gas burner is shown in simplified longitudinal section, which basically corresponds in structure to the example of FIG. 1 with the difference that instead of four oil burner nozzles four gas nozzles 37 are used. The gas flow in the supply line 38 is controlled by a gas slide 39. Again, according to the invention forms with the help of the baffle plate 3, the cavity 19 within the 16.4 formed from the individual flames 16.1 Gesamtflamme.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is shown in two the burner side end shown partial sections and an end view of a combined oil / gas burner, arranged on a circle arranged in accordance with the example of FIG. 2 four oil burner nozzles and according to the embodiment according to Fig. 7, however, eight additional gas burner nozzles 37 are provided. In this case, both the total flame 16.3 can be formed from the nozzles 2 and / or from the nozzles 37.

In Fig. 9 is exemplified over the front view of an oil / gas burner, as are similar to the embodiment of FIG. 5 oil nozzles arranged in pairs and in turn according to the embodiment of FIG. 8 are combined with gas nozzles 37, wherein each nozzle on a Are arranged circle.

In the embodiment of FIG. 10 is also an oil / gas burner, in which, however, the oil lines 41 and the gas lines 42 sections are arranged coaxially, so that the oil nozzles 2 and the gas nozzles 37 are arranged coaxially with each other.

FIGS. 11 and 13 show the hydraulic supplementary plans for the control of the heavy or non-combustible special fuels which are used in combination with the hydraulic circuit diagrams according to FIGS. 3 and 4 and according to which additives are introduced into the hollow flame via a spray nozzle 40. The function is congruent with the control of the fuels of FIG. 3 or 4 and realized with identical or similar components.

12 and 14 show the supplementary arrangement of the difficult or incombustible special fuels or additives and their Einleitungsgeometrie on the atomizer nozzle 40 to the same basic arrangements of FIG. 2 and Fig. 5 of the nozzles for the formation of the hollow flame.

Fig. 15 shows the basic design of the hydraulic control of the control head 21. The control heads 21 open via a spring-actuated auxiliary cylinder 25 from a defined pressure in the supply line 22 only the needle valves 43 effectively to the nozzles and allow for pressure drop the automatic nozzle closure, the leakage of the Fuel at standstill prevented.

All in the description, the following claims and the drawings illustrated features may be essential to each other, both individually and in any combination with each other. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 flame tube

2 oil nozzles

3 baffle plate

4 centr. opening

5 cone

6 passage opening

7 tank

8 return manifold

9 pump

10 solenoid valve

11 diversion

12 return line

13 back side

14 flow direction air

15 combustion chamber

16.1 basic flame

16.2 Additional flame

16.3 total flame

17 swirl blades

18 recirculation

19 cavity

20 nozzle

21 control head

22 supply line

23 control line

24 solenoid valve

25 auxiliary cylinders

26 pressure control part

27 oil base nozzle

28 oil additive nozzle

29 distributors

30 pressure meters

31 basic nozzles radially

32 additional nozzles radially

33 supply line

34 supply line

35 valve

36 valve

37 gas nozzles

38 supply line

39 throttle valve

40 special fuel / additive nozzle

41 oil line

42 gas line

43 needle valve

Claims

claims

A process for burning liquid and / or gaseous fuels with combustion air in a combustion chamber (15) with or without exhaust gases recirculated to the flame, comprising a plurality of individual nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) of the fuel supplied Individual flames (16.1 and 16.2), with a total flame formed by the sum of the individual flames (16.1 and 16.2) (16.3) and with control of the combustion air in quantity and / or shape according to the process requirement, characterized in that the individual flames (16.1 and 16.2) with respect to the center of the overall flame (16.3) are spaced apart from each other and so that the total flame (16.3) downstream of a baffle plate forms a hollow flame with a corresponding cavity (19) open towards the air flow.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein for the control of the combustion air, this at least partially to the center of the overall flame (16.3) is passed, in which case a congestion or a negative pressure through the baffle plate (3) in the cavity (19) is formed, and in that the hollow flame has an internal recirculation of exhaust gases taking place within its cavity (19).

3. Method in particular according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the individual flames consist of base flames (16.1) and additional flames (16.2), of which the base flames the ignition and control of the additional flames and thus the total flame (16.3) serve.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the power control of at least some flames via the control of the reflux of the fuel.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel supply to at least 3 individual nozzles independently and / or can be switched off.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of fuel supplied to at least one of the individual nozzles is changeable.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the amount change to zero is possible.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the individual flames (base flame and / or additional flame) has its own ignition device.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that arranged in the flow of combustion air to the outer edge region of the overall flame towards means (3, 5) a recirculation (18) of exhaust gas also takes place on the outside of the flames.

10. A method in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by introducing heavy and / or non-combustible substances (oils, additives, urea or the like.) In the cavity (19) of the hollow flame, a special combustion or detoxification reaction takes place not for flammable substances.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the materials for the special combustion in the center of the cavity (19) of the hollow flame are passed.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that for special combustion for not combustible independently, suitable for flame generation substances (glycerol, lean gases, etc.) can be used.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that for flame detoxification additives (ureas, water steam or the like.) Can be used.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the special combustion takes place in the manner of a post-combustion after switching off the overall flame or single flame.

15. burner device for oil and / or gas as fuel for forming individual flames (16.1 and 16.2) or a total flame (16.3),

with a flame tube (1) open towards the flame in the flow direction (14),

with individual nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) arranged at a distance from each other and to the center of the flame tube (1) within the same and a cone (5) for the injection, atomization or introduction of the fuel,

with fuel lines (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42) to the individual nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37),

- with control means (10, 24, 35, 26, 35, 36, 39) in the fuel lines (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42) for the control of the fuel,

- With one of the promotion of the combustion air serving air blower device and

- With an existing in the flow of combustion air, the flow of air controlling flow control means (3), in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that as a flow control means a baffle plate (3) each centrally to the air flow and the Single nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) is arranged, whereby a negative pressure in the central region of the overall flame is formed to produce a flame cavity.

16. Burner device according to claim 15, characterized in that the baffle plate (3) has a central opening (4) which is arranged centrally to the air flow and to the individual nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37).

17. burner device in particular according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that a tubular, for the fuel nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) common flame tube (1) is provided upstream of the flame region and that in this common flame tube ( 1) in addition to the individual nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) a plurality of additional nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) are arranged at a distance from each other and at a distance from the central axis of the flame tube (1) ,

18. Burner device according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that as a control device in at least one of the fuel lines (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42) an electrically operated valve or actuated slide (10, 24, 35 , 26, 35, 36, 39) is arranged.

19. Burner device according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that for controlling the amount of fuel supplied to the nozzles in at least one of the fuel lines, a quantity control valve is arranged.

20. Burner device according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that at least one of the fuel nozzles except the supply line (22, 23) has a return line (8, 12) for the fuel, in which a control device (26) for a Rückströmmenge Fuel is arranged.

21. Burner device according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the different nozzles (individual nozzle, basic nozzle, Additional nozzle 2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) are arranged independently of the fuel on at least one circle next to each other, whose center is largely in the center of the baffle plate (3).

22. Burner device according to one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that the fuel lines (8, 12, 22, 23, 38, 41, 42) to the base nozzles (27, 31) and / or additional nozzles (28, 32) of in each case branch off a connected to the fuel source, controllable by itself central line and that in the branch lines in each case a control device for the flow control of the fuel (35, 36, 10) is arranged.

23. Fuel device in particular according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that a combined arrangement of oil nozzles (2, 27, 28) and gas nozzles (31, 32, 37) is provided and that the base nozzle and the additional nozzle as an oil nozzle or Gas nozzle is used.

24. Fuel device according to claim 23, characterized in that the oil nozzle is arranged coaxially within the gas nozzle.

25. burner device in particular according to one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that central to the hollow flame forming nozzles (2, 27, 28, 31, 32 and 37) in the flame tube (1) a special nozzle (40) is arranged, for Introduction of non-combustible additives or for the special combustion of flame-retardant

Special fuels.

26. A burner device according to claim 25, characterized in that the special nozzle (40) has a projecting into the hollow region of the flame lance for supplying the non-combustibles in the recirculation of the exhaust gases having a hollow flame.

27. Burner device according to one of claims 25 and 26, characterized in that the special nozzle (40) has a flow and a return for the non-fuel.

28. Burner device according to claim 27, characterized in that the special nozzle (40) is hydraulically actuated.