WO2008101444A1 - Système multimédia en flux, dispositif de transmission de signalisation et procédé d'envoi de multimédia en flux - Google Patents

Système multimédia en flux, dispositif de transmission de signalisation et procédé d'envoi de multimédia en flux Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008101444A1
WO2008101444A1 PCT/CN2008/070328 CN2008070328W WO2008101444A1 WO 2008101444 A1 WO2008101444 A1 WO 2008101444A1 CN 2008070328 W CN2008070328 W CN 2008070328W WO 2008101444 A1 WO2008101444 A1 WO 2008101444A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
media server
signaling
media
forwarding device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/070328
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mo Gan
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 200710073386 external-priority patent/CN101018318A/zh
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008101444A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008101444A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23103—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion using load balancing strategies, e.g. by placing or distributing content on different disks, different memories or different servers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
    • H04N21/2405—Monitoring of the internal components or processes of the server, e.g. server load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/64322—IP
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H04N21/64738—Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of streaming media, and more particularly to a streaming media system, a signaling forwarding device, and a streaming media transmitting method.
  • IPTV Internet Protocol TV or Interactive Personal TV
  • CDN Content Distribution Network
  • mobile streaming media The on-demand media files are unicast by the media server to the terminal. Provide services.
  • the signaling flow and the data flow are directly exchanged between the media server and the terminal, and all signaling messages are separately managed by each media server, and the charging message is reported.
  • a real-time streaming protocol is used to perform a request or response signaling interaction between a terminal and a media server based on a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • a complete RTSP interaction consists of requests and responses.
  • Common RTSP request messages are: Description (DESCRIBE), Operation (OPTIONS), Transmission Channel Establishment (SETUP), Play (PLAY), and Disconnect (TEARDOWN).
  • the media server generally uses the Real Time Transform Protocol (RTP) to send media streams to the terminal based on the UDP/TCP protocol, and the terminal receives the media stream and performs decoding and playback.
  • RTP Real Time Transform Protocol
  • Step 101 to step 102 The terminal initiates a TCP connection establishment request, and the terminal and the media server go through
  • Step 103 to step 104 The terminal initiates an operation (OPTIONS) request for querying the media server capability, for example, which mode is supported (TRICK MODE), and the media server returns its own capability to the terminal through an operation ( OPTIONS ) response message; Steps 105 to 108.
  • OTIONS operation
  • TONE MODE mode is supported
  • OPTIONS operation response message
  • the terminal initiates a description (DESCRIBE) request, requests a detailed description of the requested media file or live channel, and the server returns a result by using a response message (DESCRIBE) request, such as the video and audio encoding format of the media, Rate, the transport stream encapsulation format, etc., in this process, the media server needs to report the authentication message and the initial charging message to the service support system, where the authentication message and the initial charging message are generally reported to the service support system, In the process of receiving the entire on-demand, the media server needs to report the authentication and charging messages to the service support system.
  • DESCRIBE description
  • DESCRIBE response message
  • the first authentication message and the initial charging message are generally reported to the service support system, and may be selected to be reported when the description (DESCRIBE) request message is received, and the return message according to whether the authentication of the service support system passes is determined whether to The terminal provides services, and the authentication passes to provide services to the terminal;
  • DESCRIBE description
  • the terminal initiates a SETUP request, and establishes an AV connection channel with the media server, and carries the IP, port, and media server required by the server in the protocol. Returns a success response message.
  • RTP Real Time Transform Protocol
  • SETUP two transmission channel setup (SETUP) requests are required to establish a video and audio transmission channel;
  • Step 113 to step 115 After the video and audio channel is correctly established, the terminal initiates a play (PLAY) request to request media data from the media server; after responding to the message, the media server starts to transmit data through the video and audio channel by using unicast mode.
  • PLAY play
  • Step 116 to step 123 the terminal can request the message carrying mode (TRICK MODE) information in the play (PLAY), and the media server can send data packets such as fast forward, fast reverse, and positioning according to the terminal requirements.
  • the media server In the process of playing, that is, the media server outputs the media stream to the terminal through the unicast mode, the media server can report the intermediate charging message to the service support system every interval, so that the service support system provides the real-time deduction function;
  • Step 124 to Step 127 When the playback needs to be ended, the terminal sends a TEARDOWN message to the media server. After the media server returns successfully, the media server stops sending the media stream to the terminal, and the playback ends. At the end of the playback, the media server supports the service. The system reports the accounting stop message and ends the user's deduction.
  • the inventors have found through research that the signaling flow is directly interacted by the terminal and the media server, and the signaling interaction is dispersed, and unified management cannot be achieved, and the current state and the playback success rate are Information cannot be collected in real time; at the same time, the media server needs additional reporting
  • the fee message to the service support system affects the performance of the media server.
  • all the signaling control messages directly interact with the media server, if the media server needs to connect with different terminals, it needs to adapt different signaling control protocols, resulting in media.
  • the server needs to perform complex modification when implementing docking with multiple terminals; and each media server interacts with the terminal by itself, and there is no association between different media servers, so load balancing between different media servers cannot be implemented.
  • the present invention provides a streaming media system, including: a signaling forwarding device and a media server, where the signaling forwarding device includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive a signaling flow sent by the terminal; and a forwarding unit, For forwarding the signaling flow to a media server selected for the terminal, and forwarding a response message from the media server to the terminal; and a media server, configured to forward the message sent by the device according to the received signaling Let the flow send the media stream to the terminal.
  • the signaling forwarding device includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive a signaling flow sent by the terminal; and a forwarding unit, For forwarding the signaling flow to a media server selected for the terminal, and forwarding a response message from the media server to the terminal; and a media server, configured to forward the message sent by the device according to the received signaling Let the flow send the media stream to the terminal.
  • Receiving a signaling flow sent by the terminal selecting a media server for the terminal according to a predetermined policy; transmitting the received signaling flow to a media server selected for the terminal, and forwarding a response message from the media server To the terminal.
  • a further aspect provides a signaling forwarding device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive a signaling flow sent by the terminal; and a forwarding unit, configured to forward the signaling flow to a media server selected by the terminal, and A response message from the media server is forwarded to the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a scheme for separately transmitting a signaling flow and a data flow, and a signaling channel is transmitted from a terminal to a signaling channel of the signaling forwarding device to the media server, and the media server sends the media through a data channel between the terminal and the terminal.
  • the stream which interacts directly with the terminal, allows the media server to focus on its own functions by separating the signaling stream from the data stream.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a process for a media server to provide a media service to a terminal in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a flow media system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Embodiment 3 is a streaming media system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a signaling forwarding device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a media server providing media services to a terminal according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of switching between different media servers according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the service support system 304 authenticates the terminal 301, and the authentication result of the terminal 301 is sent, and the signaling forwarding device 302 reports the authentication result reported by the received service support system 304 and
  • the received signaling stream sent by the terminal 301 is sent to the media server 303.
  • the media server 303 determines whether to send the media stream to the terminal 301 according to the received authentication result and the signaling flow, and the received authentication result is a reference.
  • the media stream is sent to the terminal 301 when the right passes and receives the signaling flow of the play request.
  • the mapping relationship between the terminal 301 and a media server in the media server 303, such as the media server A 3031, is established, and when the signaling flow sent by the terminal 301 is received, directly This signaling is forwarded to the media server A 3031 that has established a mapping relationship with the terminal 301.
  • signaling forwarding device 302 manages three media servers: the media server A 3031, the media server B 3032, and the media server C 3033
  • signaling forwarding The device 302 can select one of the three media servers managed to provide services to the terminal 301.
  • the selected policy can be based on CPU, memory, disk read/write rate (disk I/O), number of users, bandwidth, and application running status. Information such as the distribution status of media content, such selection strategies can be determined by user customization to determine their priority.
  • the running status of the media server and the running status of the application software are the primary conditions.
  • the forwarding device uses the CPU,
  • the load parameters such as memory and disk I/O are calculated according to the weighted sum to calculate the load status of each media server, and the scheduling is selected according to the load from light to heavy.
  • the scheduling can also be distributed according to the media content.
  • To schedule first select a media server with media content to prioritize the user experience. In the case where the content is distributed across multiple media servers, scheduling is performed according to the load.
  • Each media server 303 needs to maintain a normal heartbeat connection with the signaling forwarding device 302, so that the signaling forwarding device detects the load status of each media server in real time.
  • the signaling forwarding device may reselect other media servers, such as the media server B 3032, to provide services to the terminal 301 according to the formulated selection policy, that is, send a disconnect message to the media server A 3031, send a connection message to the media server B 3032, and simultaneously terminate the terminal.
  • the mapping relationship between the 301 and the media server A 3031 is updated to a mapping relationship between the terminal 302 and the media server B 3032.
  • the signaling forwarding device 302 can also directly report the charging message of each terminal 301 to the service supporting system 304.
  • the charging message is a start charging message, an intermediate charging message, or a stop charging message, and all charging messages are used by the signaling forwarding device.
  • the unified management of 302 saves the performance of the media server 303.
  • the signaling forwarding device 302 Since all the signaling message interactions are forwarded by the signaling forwarding device 302, the signaling forwarding device 302 stores the number of connections of the terminal 301, the number of connections per media server 303 (such as live broadcast, on-demand, etc.), and each media server.
  • the 305 docking greatly saves the performance of the media server 303, allowing it to focus on the basic performance of the media service.
  • the signaling forwarding device can be used as a signaling gateway to convert a signaling protocol initiated by the terminal, such as the SIP protocol, into a signaling protocol that the media server can receive, such as the RTSP protocol, because the protocols used by the signaling messages of different terminals may be different. In this way, when supporting different terminals, the signaling forwarding device can perform protocol conversion without media server modification to support different terminals.
  • a signaling protocol initiated by the terminal such as the SIP protocol
  • a signaling protocol that the media server can receive such as the RTSP protocol
  • Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a signaling forwarding device, which is shown in FIG. 4, and includes a receiving unit.
  • the policy unit 402 provides a policy for the terminal to select a media server, selects a media server for the terminal according to the policy, and the forwarding unit 403 sends the received signaling flow to the selected media server. .
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a signaling forwarding device, which is shown in FIG. 5, and includes: an authentication unit 505, the authentication request of the terminal is reported to the service support system, and the authentication result of the terminal sent by the service support system is received, the receiving unit 501 receives the signaling flow sent by the terminal, and the sending unit 503 sends the authentication result and the signaling flow. Give the media server.
  • the signaling forwarding device includes a mapping relationship unit 507.
  • the signaling forwarding device forwards the signaling flow for the first time, establishing a mapping relationship between the terminal and the media server, and then receiving the signaling flow sent by the terminal, directly Forward to a media server that has established a mapping relationship with this terminal.
  • the signaling forwarding device receives the signaling flow sent by the terminal, the signaling flow may be forwarded to one of the multiple media servers, where the signaling forwarding device includes a policy unit 506 to set a selection policy for selecting the media server, and the selected The policy can be based on CPU, memory, disk I/O, number of users, bandwidth, application running status, media content distribution status, etc. Such selection policies can be customized by user to determine their priority.
  • the media server runs. The status and application running status are the primary conditions.
  • the signaling forwarding device uses the load parameters such as CPU, memory, and disk I/O to calculate the load status of each media server according to the weighted sum.
  • the scheduling can be performed according to the distribution of media content. First, the media server with media content is selected to ensure the user experience preferentially, and the content is distributed in multiple media. In the case of the server, follow the load Degree.
  • the signaling forwarding device includes a detecting unit 508, and each media server needs to maintain a normal heartbeat connection with the signaling forwarding device, so that the detecting unit in the signaling forwarding device detects the fault and/or load status of each media server in real time, when When the media server that is providing the media stream is overloaded, the signaling forwarding device may re-select other media servers to provide services to the terminal according to the selected selection policy, that is, send the disconnection message to the overloaded media server, and send the connection message.
  • the mapping between the terminal and the media server is updated at the same time to the reselected media server.
  • the signaling forwarding device includes a performance data unit 509. Since all signaling message interactions are forwarded through the signaling forwarding device, the number of terminal connections and the number of connections per media server (such as live broadcast, on-demand, etc.) are saved on the signaling forwarding device. ), the performance data of each media server's mode (Trick Mode), the load status of each media server, etc., so such performance data can be reported to the network management system by the performance data unit in the signaling forwarding device, without The media server interfaces with the network management system, which greatly saves the performance of the media server, so that it can focus on the basic performance of the media service.
  • the signaling forwarding device includes a charging unit 504, and reports the charging of each terminal to the service supporting system.
  • the message, the charging message includes a start charging message and a stop charging message, and may also include an intermediate charging message. All charging messages are uniformly managed by the charging unit 504 in the signaling forwarding device, thus saving the performance of the media server.
  • the signaling forwarding device includes a signaling protocol conversion unit 502.
  • the signaling protocol conversion unit 502 in the signaling forwarding device may use a signaling protocol initiated by the terminal, such as the SIP protocol, because the protocols used by the signaling messages of different terminals may be different. It is converted into a signaling protocol that the media server can receive, such as the RTSP protocol.
  • the signaling forwarding device can perform protocol conversion without modifying the media server to support different terminals, thereby saving the performance of the media server.
  • Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a processing procedure for a media server to provide a media service to a terminal, as shown in FIG. 6 (the dotted line indicates the signaling flow interaction, and the solid line indicates the data flow interaction):
  • Step 601 to step 605. The terminal initiates a TCP connection establishment request, and after receiving the TCP connection request, the signaling forwarding device initiates a TCP connection establishment request to the media server, and the media server sends a TCP connection response to the signaling forwarding device, and the signaling forwarding device Upon receiving the TCP connection response sent by the media server, a TCP connection is established with the media server, and a TCP connection response message is sent to the terminal, and a TCP connection is also established with the terminal.
  • the signaling forwarding device selects the media server to establish a TCP connection, and the signaling forwarding device selects the media server's policy to be customized, including but not limited to CPU, memory, number of users, bandwidth, application running status, and media content distribution status. .
  • the signaling forwarding device establishes a mapping relationship internally when forwarding the signaling to the media server for the first time. After receiving the signaling request of the terminal, the signaling forwarding device can directly follow the signaling request. The mapping relationship forwards the signaling request to the corresponding media server, and forwards the response message of the media server to the terminal according to the mapping relationship.
  • Terminals include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, personal computers (PCs), personal digital assistants (PDAs), set-top boxes;
  • Step 606 to step 609. The terminal initiates an operation (OPTIONS ) request for querying the media server capability, for example, which mode is supported (TRICK MODE ). After receiving the request, the signaling forwarding device forwards the request to the media server, and the media server passes its own capability. The operation (OPTIONS) response message is returned to the signaling forwarding device, and the signaling forwarding device forwards the response message to the terminal;
  • OPTIONS operation
  • Step 610 to step 614 The terminal initiates a description (DESCRIBE) request, requests a detailed description of the requested media file or live channel, and the signaling forwarding device forwards the message to the media server.
  • the body server returns the result by the response message (DESCRIBE) request, such as the video and audio encoding format of the media, the sampling rate, the transport stream encapsulation format, etc. If it is transmitted through multicast, it also needs to return the multicast IP information.
  • the forwarding device receives the packet, it forwards it to the terminal;
  • Step 615 to step 622 In the case of unicast, the terminal initiates a transmission channel setup (SETUP) request, and requires the server to establish an AV connection channel, and carries the IP address, port, and signaling required by the server in the protocol.
  • the forwarding device forwards the information to the media server, and the success response message returned by the media server is forwarded to the terminal by the signaling forwarding device.
  • SETUP transmission channel setup
  • two transmission channel establishment (SETUP) requests need to be sent, respectively.
  • the IP address is the terminal IP address, and the signaling forwarding device does not modify this when notifying the media server.
  • the address server then sends the media stream directly to the terminal instead of sending the media stream to the signaling forwarding device.
  • Steps 615 to 622 can be expressed as follows:
  • Transport MP2T/[RTP]/TCP
  • Step 623 to step 633 After the video and audio channel is correctly established, the terminal initiates a play (PLAY) request, requests media data from the media server, and the signaling forwarding device forwards the message to the media server, and the media server responds to the message and starts to view
  • PLAY play
  • the audio channel transmits data to the terminal in a unicast manner
  • the terminal can carry the mode (TRICK MODE) information in the PLAY message and forward it to the media server via the signaling forwarding device.
  • the media server can send data such as fast forward, fast rewind, and positioning according to the terminal requirements.
  • Step 634 Step 637.
  • the terminal sends a disconnect (TEARDOWN) Requesting a message signaling forwarding device, and the signaling forwarding device forwards to the media server, and after the media server returns successfully, stops sending the media stream to the terminal, and the playing ends;
  • the signaling forwarding device can report the intermediate charging message to the service support system every time interval for each connection, so that the service support system provides the real-time deduction function, such as step 628; at the end of the broadcast, the letter After the forwarding device receives the TEARDOWN message, it can report the accounting stop message to the service support system and end the user's deduction.
  • this method is applicable to the use of a TCP direct connection or a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) method to transmit media data between the media server and the terminal.
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • Each media server and the signaling forwarding device maintain a normal heartbeat connection, so that the signaling forwarding device detects the load condition of each media server in real time.
  • the signaling forwarding is performed.
  • the device can re-select other media servers to provide services to the terminal according to the selected selection policy, and update the mapping relationship between the terminal and the media server.
  • the signaling forwarding device can be used as a signaling gateway to convert a signaling protocol initiated by the terminal, such as the SIP protocol, into a signaling protocol that the media server can receive, such as the RTSP protocol, because the protocols used by the signaling messages of different terminals may be different. In this way, when supporting different terminals, the signaling forwarding device can perform protocol conversion without media server modification to support different terminals.
  • a signaling protocol initiated by the terminal such as the SIP protocol
  • a signaling protocol that the media server can receive such as the RTSP protocol
  • Step 706 The signaling forwarding device updates the mapping relationship between the terminal and the media server A to a mapping relationship between the terminal and the media server B.
  • Step 707 The signaling forwarding device notifies the media server B to send the IP address and port (Port) of the media stream;
  • the signaling forwarding device forwards the signaling flow to the media server, and forwards the message replied by the media server to the terminal, so as to maintain a signaling channel from the terminal to the signaling forwarding device to the media server, and the media server passes between the terminal and the terminal.
  • the data channel sends the media stream and directly interacts with the terminal.
  • the signaling forwarding device implements special signaling unified management, and all auxiliary functions such as charging report, performance data collection, and signaling
  • the conversion of protocols, scheduling between different media servers, etc. are all done by the signaling forwarding device, which focuses on its own functions.
  • the streaming media system In the IPTV field, the CDN field, the mobile field, or other related fields, the streaming media system, the signaling forwarding device, and the streaming media sending method provided by the foregoing embodiments can be applied, and terminal signaling control protocols and streaming in various fields.
  • the agreement is different, for example, the terminal in the IPTV field generally uses RTSP.
  • the protocol establishes a connection, but it is possible to use RTSP or MPEG2 TS specifications for streaming; in the CDN field, it is possible to use MMS and other protocols for signaling control, and use Microsoft or RealNetworks proprietary streaming protocol for streaming; Use RTSP for signaling control and RTP for streaming; in some areas, SIP and H.323 protocol families may be used for control and transmission protocols, but no matter which protocol, signaling forwarding devices can be applied to the terminal. Forwarding and controlling signaling messages between the media server and the media server.
  • MMS Modifying protocol
  • MMS Mobility Management Protocol

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)

Description

一种流媒体系统、 信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法
本申请要求于 2007 年 2 月 25 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710073386.9、 发明名称为"一种流媒体系统、 信令转发设备以及流媒体发 送方法，，； 及 2007年 6月 26 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200710127753.9、 发明名称为"一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法 "的中国专利 申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及流媒体领域， 特别是一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒 体发送方法。
背景技术
目 前 网 络 电 视 也 称 交 互 式 网 络 电 视 ( IPTV , Internet Protocol TV or Interactive Personal TV ) 涉及内容分发网络 ( CDN、 Content Distribution Network )以及移动流媒体领域， 点播媒体文件通过单播的 方式由媒体服务器给终端提供服务。信令流和数据流直接在媒体服务器和终端 间交互， 所有信令消息由各台媒体服务器单独管理， 并进行计费消息的上报。
在流媒体系统中，终端与媒体服务器间使用实时流协议（RTSP, Real Time Streaming Protocol )基于传输控制协议 ( TCP, Transfer Control Protocol )进行 请求或响应的信令交互。 一次完整的 RTSP交互由请求和响应组成， 常用的 RTSP请求消息有： 描述（DESCRIBE ) 、 操作 （OPTIONS ) 、 传输通道建立 ( SETUP ) 、 播放（PLAY ) 、 断连（ TEARDOWN )等。 正常流程下媒体服 务器一般会使用实时传输协议（RTP , Real time Transform Protocol )基于 UDP/TCP协议向终端发送媒体流， 终端接收媒体流并进行解码播放。
如图 1所示 （图中虚线表示信令流交互， 实线表示数据流交互） ， 现有媒 体服务器对终端提供媒体服务时处理流程如下：
步骤 101〜步骤 102. 终端发起 TCP连接建立请求， 终端和媒体服务器经过
TCP协商后建立 TCP连接， 此 TCP通道用于 RTSP协议消息传输；
步骤 103〜步骤 104. 终端发起操作（OPTIONS )请求， 用于查询媒体服务 器能力， 例如支持哪些模式（TRICK MODE ) , 媒体服务器将自身能力通过 操作 ( OPTIONS )响应消息返回给终端； 步骤 105〜步骤 108. 终端发起描述（DESCRIBE )请求， 请求所点播的媒 体文件或直播频道的详细描述， 服务器通过描述（DESCRIBE )请求的响应消 息返回结果， 例如媒体的视音频编码格式、 釆样率、 传输流封装格式等， 在此 过程中，媒体服务器需要向业务支撑系统上报鉴权消息和起始计费消息， 其中 鉴权消息和起始计费消息一般一起上报到业务支撑系统，可以选择在收到整个 点播的过程中， 媒体服务器需要向业务支撑系统上报鉴权、 计费消息。 其中第 一次鉴权消息和起始计费消息一般一起上报到业务支撑系统，可以选择在收到 描述（DESCRIBE )请求消息时上报， 根据业务支撑系统的鉴权是否通过的返 回消息决定是否向终端提供服务， 鉴权通过则向终端提供服务；
步骤 109〜步骤 112. 在单播情况下， 终端发起传输通道建立（SETUP )请 求，要求和媒体服务器建立视音频连接通道， 并在协议中携带要求服务器发送 的 IP、端口（Port ) ,媒体服务器返回成功响应消息。在釆用实时传输协议（RTP, Realtime Transform Protocol ) 作为传输流时， 需要发送两次传输通道建立 ( SETUP )请求， 分别用于建立视频和音频的传输通道；
步骤 113〜步骤 115. 在正确建立了视音频通道后， 终端发起播放（PLAY ) 请求， 向媒体服务器请求媒体数据； 媒体服务器响应此消息后， 开始通过视音 频通道釆用单播的方式传输数据到终端；
步骤 116〜步骤 123. 在播放过程中， 终端可以通过在播放（PLAY )请求 消息携带模式（TRICK MODE )信息， 媒体服务器按照终端要求， 可发送快 进、 快退、 定位等数据报文， 在播放过程中， 即媒体服务器通过单播方式向终 端输出媒体流的过程中，媒体服务器可每间隔一定周期向业务支撑系统上报中 间计费消息， 供业务支撑系统提供实时扣费功能；
步骤 124〜步骤 127.需要结束此次播放时， 终端发送断连（TEARDOWN ) 消息到媒体服务器，媒体服务器返回成功后停止发送媒体流到终端，播放结束， 在播放结束时，媒体服务器向业务支撑系统上报计费停止消息， 结束此次用户 的扣费。
在实现本发明的过程中，发明人经过研究发现上述现有技术中，信令流是 由终端和媒体服务器直接交互的， 而且信令交互分散， 无法做到统一管理， 当 前状态、播放成功率等信息无法实时釆集； 同时媒体服务器还需要额外上报计 费消息到业务支撑系统， 影响了媒体服务器的性能； 另外， 由于所有的信令控 制消息直接和媒体服务器交互， 因此媒体服务器如果需要和不同终端对接， 需 要适配不同信令控制协议，导致媒体服务器在实现和多终端对接时需要进行复 杂修改； 并且每个媒体服务器独自和终端进行交互， 不同的媒体服务器之间没 有关联， 所以无法实现在不同的媒体服务器之间进行负载均衡。
发明内容
有鉴于此， 一方面提供了一种流媒体系统， 包括： 信令转发设备和媒体服 务器，其中，所述信令转发设备包括：接收单元，用于接收终端发送的信令流； 转发单元， 用于将所述信令流转发给为所述终端选择的媒体服务器， 并将来自 所述媒体服务器的响应消息转发给所述终端； 媒体服务器， 用于根据接收的信 令转发设备发送的信令流向终端发送媒体流。
另一方面提供了一种流媒体发送方法， 包括以下步骤：
接收终端发送的信令流； 根据预定的策略为所述终端选择媒体服务器； 将所接收到的信令流发送给为所述终端选择的媒体服务器，并将来自所述媒体 服务器的响应消息转发给所述终端。
再一方面提供了一种信令转发设备， 包括： 接收单元， 用于接收终端发送 的信令流；转发单元，用于将所述信令流转发给为所述终端选择的媒体服务器， 并将来自所述媒体服务器的响应消息转发给所述终端。
本发明实施例提供了一种信令流和数据流分开传输的方案，由一个终端到 信令转发设备到媒体服务器的信令通道传输信令流，媒体服务器通过和终端间 的数据通道发送媒体流， 直接和终端进行交互， 通过信令流和数据流的分离， 使媒体服务器专注于其本身的功能。
附图说明
图 1为现有技术中媒体服务器对终端提供媒体服务的处理流程图； 图 2为本发明实施例一提供的一种流媒体系统；
图 3为本发明实施例二提供的一种流媒体系统；
图 4为本发明实施例三提供的一种信令转发设备；
图 5为本发明实施例四提供的一种信令转发设备；
图 6 为本发明实施例五提供的一种媒体服务器对终端提供媒体服务的处 理流程图；
图 7为本发明实施例六提供的不同媒体服务器之间的切换流程示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明实施例一提供了一种流媒体系统， 参见附图 2, 流媒体系统包括终 端 201、 信令转发设备 202、 媒体服务器 203 , 其中终端 201向信令转发设备 202发送媒体信令流， 信令转发设备 202接收终端 201发送的信令流， 将收到 的信令流发送给媒体服务器 203 , 媒体服务器 203根据接收到的信令转发设备 202发送的信令流决定是否向所述终端 201发送媒体流。
本发明实施例二提供了一种流媒体系统， 参见附图 3 , 流媒体系统包括终 端 301、 信令转发设备 302、 媒体服务器 303 (包括媒体服务器 A 3031 , 媒体 服务器 B 3032, 媒体服务器 C 3033 )、 业务支撑系统 304, 网关系统 305 , 其 中终端 301向信令转发设备 302发送媒体信令流，信令转发设备 302向业务支 撑系统 304上报终端 301 的鉴权请求和接收业务支撑系统 304下发的对终端 301的鉴权结果， 业务支撑系统 304对终端 301进行鉴权， 下发对终端 301的 鉴权结果，信令转发设备 302将收到的业务支撑系统 304上报的鉴权结果以及 接收到的终端 301发送的信令流发送给媒体服务器 303 , 媒体服务器 303根据 接收到的鉴权结果以及信令流决定是否向所述终端 301发送媒体流，当接收到 的鉴权结果为鉴权通过且收到播放请求的信令流时向终端 301发送媒体流。
信令转发设备 302首次转发信令流时，建立终端 301和媒体服务器 303中 的某个媒体服务器如媒体服务器 A 3031之间的映射关系， 以后再接收到终端 301发送的信令流时， 直接将此信令转发到已经和此终端 301建立了映射关系 的媒体服务器 A 3031。
如果信令转发设备 302管理了三台媒体服务器： 媒体服务器 A 3031、 媒体 月良务器 B 3032和媒体服务器 C 3033 , 则当终端 301发送信令流到信令转发设备 302时， 信令转发设备 302可在所管理的三台媒体服务器中选择一台给终端 301 提供服务， 选择的策略可以基于 CPU、 内存、 磁盘读写速率（磁盘 I/O ) 、 用 户数、 带宽、 应用软件运行状态、 媒体内容分布状态等信息， 这类选择策略可 以由用户自定义来决定其优先级， 一般来说媒体服务器运行状态、应用软件运 行状态是首要的条件， 在媒体服务器运行的情况下， 信令转发设备使用 CPU、 内存、 磁盘 I/O等负载参数按照加权和的方式来计算各台媒体服务器的负载情 况， 并按负载由轻到重的方式选择调度； 考虑到用户体验优先原则， 也可以按 照媒体内容分布情况进行调度， 先选择有媒体内容的媒体服务器，优先保证用 户体验， 在内容分布在多台媒体服务器的情况下， 再按照负载情况进行调度。
各台媒体服务器 303需要和信令转发设备 302维持正常心跳连接，以便信令 转发设备实时检测到各台媒体服务器的负载情况，当某台正在提供媒体流的媒 体服务器 A 3031负载过重时，信令转发设备可以根据制定的选择策略重新选择 其它的媒体服务器如媒体服务器 B 3032给终端 301提供服务， 即发送断连消息 到媒体服务器 A 3031 , 发送连接消息到媒体服务器 B 3032, 同时将终端 301和 媒体服务器 A 3031之间的映射关系更新为终端 302和媒体服务器 B 3032之间的 映射关系。
信令转发设备 302还可以直接向业务支撑系统 304上报各个终端 301的计费 消息， 计费消息为开始计费消息、 中间计费消息或停止计费消息， 所有计费消 息由信令转发设备 302统一管理， 节省了媒体服务器 303的性能。
由于所有的信令消息交互都通过信令转发设备 302来转发， 因此信令转发 设备 302上保存了终端 301连接数、 每台媒体服务器 303连接数（如直播、 点播 等） 、 每台媒体服务器 303的模式（Trick Mode )状态、 每台媒体服务器 303的 负载情况等性能数据， 因此此类性能数据均可以由信令转发设备 303向网管系 统 305上报， 而不需要媒体服务器 303来和网管系统 305对接， 大大节省了媒体 服务器 303的性能， 使其可以专注于媒体服务的基本性能。
由于不同终端的信令消息釆用的协议可能有所区别， 信令转发设备可作为 信令网关， 将终端发起的信令协议如 SIP协议转换为媒体服务器能接收的信令 协议如 RTSP协议， 这样在支持不同终端时， 信令转发设备可进行协议转换， 而不需要媒体服务器修改以支持不同终端。
本发明实施例三提供了一种信令转发设备， 参见附图 4 , 包括接收单元
401 , 接收终端发送的信令流； 策略单元 402 , 提供终端选择媒体服务器的策 略， 根据该策略为终端选择媒体服务器； 转发单元 403 , 向所述选择的媒体服 务器发送所述接收的信令流。
本发明实施例四提供了一种信令转发设备， 参见附图 5 , 包括： 鉴权单元 505 向业务支撑系统上报终端的鉴权请求和接收业务支撑系统下发的所述终 端的鉴权结果，接收单元 501接收终端发送的信令流，发送单元 503将鉴权结 果以及信令流发送给媒体服务器。
信令转发设备包括映射关系单元 507,当信令转发设备首次转发信令流时， 建立终端和媒体服务器之间的映射关系， 此后再接收到该终端发送的信令流 时， 直接将此信令转发到已经和此终端建立了映射关系的媒体服务器。
如果信令转发设备接收到终端发送的信令流时 ,可以将此信令流转发给多 个媒体服务器中的一个，信令转发设备包括策略单元 506设定选择媒体服务器 的选择策略， 选择的策略可以基于 CPU、 内存、 磁盘 I/O、 用户数、 带宽、 应 用软件运行状态、媒体内容分布状态等信息， 这类选择策略可以由用户自定义 来决定其优先级， 一般来说媒体服务器运行状态、应用软件运行状态是首要的 条件， 在媒体服务器运行的情况下， 信令转发设备使用 CPU、 内存、 磁盘 I/O 等负载参数按照加权和的方式来计算各台媒体服务器的负载情况，并按负载由 轻到重的方式选择调度； 考虑到用户体验优先原则，也可以按照媒体内容分布 情况进行调度， 先选择有媒体内容的媒体服务器， 优先保证用户体验， 在内容 分布在多台媒体服务器的情况下， 再按照负载情况进行调度。
信令转发设备包括检测单元 508 , 各台媒体服务器需要和信令转发设备维 持正常心跳连接，以便信令转发设备中的检测单元实时检测到各台媒体服务器 的故障和 /或负载状况， 当某台正在提供媒体流的媒体服务器负载过重时， 信 令转发设备可以根据制定的选择策略重新选择其它的媒体服务器给终端提供 服务， 即发送断连消息到负载过重的媒体服务器，发送连接消息到重新选择的 媒体服务器同时将终端和媒体服务器之间的映射关系更新。
信令转发设备包括性能数据单元 509, 由于所有的信令消息交互都通过信 令转发设备来转发， 因此信令转发设备上保存了终端连接数、每台媒体服务器 连接数（如直播、 点播等）、 每台媒体服务器的模式（Trick Mode )状态、 每 台媒体服务器的负载情况等性能数据，因此此类性能数据均可以由信令转发设 备中的性能数据单元向网管系统上报， 而不需要媒体服务器来和网管系统对 接， 大大节省了媒体服务器的性能， 使其可以专注于媒体服务的基本性能。
信令转发设备包括计费单元 504, 向业务支撑系统上报对各个终端的计费 消息，计费消息包括开始计费消息和停止计费消息，也可能包括中间计费消息。 所有计费消息由信令转发设备中的计费单元 504统一管理，因此节省了媒体服 务器的性能。
信令转发设备包括信令协议转化单元 502, 由于不同终端的信令消息釆用 的协议可能有所区别，信令转发设备中的信令协议转化单元 502将终端发起的 信令协议如 SIP协议转换为媒体服务器能接收的信令协议如 RTSP协议， 这样 在支持不同终端时，信令转发设备可进行协议转换， 而不需要媒体服务器修改 以支持不同终端， 节省了媒体服务器的性能。
本发明实施例五提供了一种媒体服务器对终端提供媒体服务的处理流程， 参见附图 6 (图中虚线表示信令流交互， 实线表示数据流交互 ):
步骤 601〜步骤 605. 由终端发起 TCP连接建立请求， 信令转发设备收到 TCP连接请求后， 向媒体服务器发起 TCP连接建立请求， 媒体服务器向信令 转发设备发送 TCP连接响应， 信令转发设备在收到媒体服务器发送的 TCP连 接响应时， 和媒体服务器建立 TCP连接， 并向终端发送 TCP连接响应消息， 同时也和终端建立 TCP连接。 这个过程中， 信令转发设备选择媒体服务器建 立 TCP连接， 信令转发设备选择媒体服务器的策略可以自定义， 包括但不限 于 CPU、 内存、 用户数、 带宽、 应用软件运行状态、 媒体内容分布状态。 对 于每个终端、媒体服务器的连接，信令转发设备在首次将信令转发给媒体服务 器时在内部建立一个映射关系， 在后续接收到此终端的信令请求后，信令转发 设备可直接按照映射关系将信令请求转发到对应的媒体服务器上，并根据该映 射关系将媒体服务器的响应消息转发给终端。终端包括但不限于手机、个人电 脑（ PC, Personal Computer )、个人数字助理 ( PDA, Personal Digital Assistant )、 机顶盒；
步骤 606 ~步骤 609. 终端发起操作 ( OPTIONS )请求， 用于查询媒体服 务器能力， 例如支持哪些模式（TRICK MODE ) , 信令转发设备收到请求后， 转发给媒体服务器， 媒体服务器将自身能力通过操作 （OPTIONS ) 响应消息 返回给信令转发设备， 信令转发设备再将此响应消息转发给终端；
步骤 610〜步骤 614. 终端发起描述（DESCRIBE )请求， 请求所点播的媒 体文件或直播频道的详细描述，信令转发设备将此消息转发给媒体服务器，媒 体服务器通过描述（DESCRIBE )请求的响应消息返回结果， 例如媒体的视音 频编码格式、 釆样率、 传输流封装格式等， 如果是通过组播方式传输， 还需要 返回组播的 IP信息， 信令转发设备收到后再转发给终端；
步骤 615〜步骤 622. 在单播情况下， 终端发起传输通道建立（SETUP )请 求， 要求和服务器建立视音频连接通道， 并在协议中携带要求服务器发送的 IP 地址、 端口 （Port ) ， 信令转发设备将此信息转发给媒体服务器， 媒体服务器 返回的成功响应消息经信令转发设备转发给终端，在釆用 RTP协议作为传输流 时， 需要发送两次传输通道建立（SETUP )请求， 分别用于建立视频和音频的 传输通道，由于终端在传输通道建立（ SETUP )消息中记录了目的（ destination ) IP地址， 此 IP地址是终端 IP地址， 信令转发设备在通知媒体服务器时， 不修改 此地址， 则媒体服务器后续会向终端直接发送媒体流， 而不是发送媒体流到信 令转发设备， 步骤 615〜步骤 622可表示如下：
SETUP rtsp： //example . com/ foo/bar/baz . m g RTSP/1.0
CSeq:3
Transport:MP2T/[RTP]/TCP|UDP;unicast;destination=172.18.79.120;client_port=4 588-4589
[Range: npt=now-end]
[Accept: application/sdp]
[x-Properties: mac_address=0050BFFB9FAl ]
上述过程中的 destination=172.18.79.120为终端的 IP地址， 媒体服务器最终会 按照该地址给终端发送媒体流
步骤 623 ~步骤 633. 在正确建立了视音频通道后， 终端发起播放 ( PLAY ) 请求， 向媒体服务器请求媒体数据， 信令转发设备转发此消息到媒体服务器， 媒体服务器响应此消息， 开始通过视音频通道釆用单播的方式传输数据到终 端；
在播放过程中， 终端可以通过在播放 ( PLAY ) 消息中携带模式 ( TRICK MODE )信息，经信令转发设备转发到媒体服务器，媒体服务器按照终端要求， 可发送快进、 快退、 定位等数据报文；
步骤 634 ~步骤 637. 需要结束此次播放时， 终端发送断连（ TEARDOWN ) 请求消息信令转发设备，信令转发设备转发给媒体服务器，媒体服务器返回成 功后停止发送媒体流到终端， 播放结束；
在整个点播的过程中， 由于所有信令控制消息都经过信令转发设备转发， 因此所有计费消息都可以由信令转发设备上报给业务支撑系统，第一次鉴权消 息和起始计费消息一般一起上报到业务支撑系统， 可以选择在内容描述 ( DESCRIBE )过程中上报， 通过业务支撑系统的鉴权返回消息决定是否向终 端提供服务， 如步骤 611 ;
在播放过程中，信令转发设备对每个连接， 都可每间隔一定周期向业务支 撑系统上报中间计费消息， 供业务支撑系统提供实时扣费功能， 如步骤 628; 在播放结束时， 信令转发设备收到断连（TEARDOWN ) 消息后， 可向业 务支撑系统上报计费停止消息， 结束此次用户的扣费。
对于 RTSP协议来说， 此方式适用于媒体服务器和终端之间釆用 TCP直接 连接或者用户数据报协议（ User Datagram Protocol, UDP )方式来发送媒体数 据。
各台媒体服务器和信令转发设备持正常心跳连接，以便信令转发设备实时 检测到各台媒体服务器的负载情况，当检测到某台正在提供媒体流的媒体服务 器负载过重时，信令转发设备可以根据制定的选择策略重新选择其它的媒体服 务器给终端提供服务， 同时将终端和媒体服务器之间的映射关系更新。
由上述处理流程可知， 所有的信令消息交互都通过信令转发设备来转发， 因此信令转发设备上保存了终端连接数、 每台媒体服务器连接数（如直播、 点 播等） 、 每台媒体服务器的模式（Trick Mode )状态、 每台媒体服务器的负载 情况等性能数据， 因此此类性能数据均可以由信令转发设备向网管系统上报， 而不需要媒体服务器来和网管系统对接， 大大节省了媒体服务器的性能，使其 可以专注于媒体服务的基本性能。
由于不同终端的信令消息釆用的协议可能有所区别，信令转发设备可作为 信令网关， 将终端发起的信令协议如 SIP协议转换为媒体服务器能接收的信令 协议如 RTSP协议， 这样在支持不同终端时， 信令转发设备可进行协议转换， 而不需要媒体服务器修改以支持不同终端。
本发明实施例六提供了不同媒体服务器之间的切换流程示意图，参见附图 7:
步骤 701. 媒体服务器 A给终端提供媒体服务， 发给终端媒体数据流； 步骤 702〜步骤 703. 信令转发设备检测各媒体服务器的运行状态， 媒体服 务器 A返回负荷超过限定的消息；
步骤 704. 信令转发设备断开其和媒体服务器 A之间的信令连接；
步骤 705. 信令转发设备建立其和媒体服务器 B之间的信令连接；
步骤 706. 信令转发设备将终端和媒体服务器 A之间的映射关系更新为终 端和媒体服务器 B之间的映射关系；
步骤 707. 信令转发设备通知媒体服务器 B发送媒体流的 IP地址和端口 ( Port ) ；
步骤 708. 媒体服务器 B向终端发送媒体数据流。
上述切换过程较短， 因此终端的緩存数据可以支持此切换时间。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤 是可以通过程序来执指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可以存储于一计算机 可读介质中， 所述存储介质， 如： ROM/RAM、 磁碟、 光盘等。
上述实施例提供的流媒体系统、信令转发设备和流媒体发送方法均提供了 一种在终端和媒体服务器间，信令流和数据流分开传输的方案。信令流通过统 一的信令转发设备和各台媒体服务器交互 ,信令转发设备在所管理的各台媒体 服务器中选择一台进行调度， 此时负载均衡选择标准可以按照业务要求定制， 如 CPU、 内存、用户数、 带宽、应用软件运行状态、媒体内容分布状态等信息。 信令转发设备将信令流转发给媒体服务器，并将媒体服务器回应的消息再转发 给终端， 以此来维持一个终端到信令转发设备到媒体服务器的信令通道，媒体 服务器通过和终端间的数据通道发送媒体流， 直接和终端进行交互，通过信令 流和数据流的分离，信令转发设备实现了专门的信令统一管理， 所有辅助功能 如计费上报、 性能数据搜集、 信令协议的转换、 不同媒体服务器之间的调度等 都由信令转发设备来完成， 媒体服务器专注于其本身的功能。
在 IPTV领域、 CDN领域、移动领域中或其他相关领域中， 上述实施例提 供的流媒体系统、信令转发设备和流媒体发送方法都可以得到应用，各个领域 的终端信令控制协议和流传输协议有所区别，如 IPTV领域终端一般釆用 RTSP 协议建立连接， 但有可能使用 RTSP或 MPEG2 TS的规范进行流传输; CDN领 域有可能釆用 MMS等协议进行信令控制，釆用微软或 RealNetworks公司的私 有流传输协议进行流传输;移动领域釆用 RTSP进行信令控制， 釆用 RTP协议 进行流传输； 另外某些领域可能釆用 SIP、 H.323协议族等控制、 传输协议,但 无论哪种协议，信令转发设备都可以应用在终端和媒体服务器之间， 实现信令 消息的转发和控制。 明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属 于本发明权利要求 及其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 包括： 信令转发设备和媒体服务器， 其中，
所述信令转发设备包括： 接收单元， 用于接收终端发送的信令流； 转发单 元， 用于将所述信令流转发给为所述终端选择的媒体服务器， 并将来自所述媒 体服务器的响应消息转发给所述终端；
所述媒体服务器，用于根据接收的所述信令转发设备发送的信令流向所述 终端发送媒体流。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述信令转发设备还 包括： 策略单元， 用于提供终端选择媒体服务器的策略， 根据所述策略为所述 终端选择媒体服务器；
所述转发单元将所述信令流转发给所述策略单元选择的媒体服务器。
3. 如权利要求 2 所述的流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述策略单元根据以 下参数的一个或者多个制定选择策略： CPU 占用率、 内存占用率、 媒体服务 器上所连接的用户数、 带宽、 应用软件运行状态、 或媒体内容分布状态。
4. 如权利要求 2 所述的流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述信令转发设备还 包括： 映射关系单元， 用于首次转发所述信令流时建立终端和媒体服务器之间 的映射关系；
所述转发单元按照所述映射关系转发所述终端和媒体服务器之间交互的 信令流。
5. 如权利要求 4 所述的流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述信令转发设备还 包括： 检测单元， 用于检测各媒体服务器的故障和 /或负载状况；
所述策略单元根据所述检测结果和所述选择策略重新为终端选择媒体服 务器；
所述映射单元更新所述终端和所述媒体服务器的映射关系为所述终端和 重新选择的媒体服务器的映射关系。
6. 如权利要求 1 所述流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统还包括： 业务 支撑系统， 用于对所述终端进行鉴权， 向所述信令转发设备发送对所述终端的 鉴权结果； 信令转发设备还包括鉴权单元， 用于接收所述终端的鉴权请求， 将所述鉴 权请求发送给所述业务支撑系统， 接收所述鉴权结果；
所述转发单元将所述鉴权结果发送给所述媒体服务器。
7. 如权利要求 1 所述流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述信令转发设备还包 括： 计费单元， 用于将对所述终端的计费消息发送给所述业务支撑系统； 所述系统还包括： 业务支撑系统， 用于根据所述计费消息对所述终端进行 计费。
8. 如权利要求 1 所述流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述信令转发设备还包 括： 性能数据单元， 用于根据转发终端和媒体服务器之间交互的信令流， 搜集 所述各媒体服务器的性能数据， 上报给网管系统。
9. 如权利要求 1 所述流媒体系统， 其特征在于， 所述信令转发设备还包 括： 信令协议转化单元， 用于将所述终端发送的信令协议转化为所述流媒体服 务器能够接收的信令协议，将所述流媒体服务器发送的信令协议转化为所述终 端能够接收的信令协议。
10. 一种流媒体发送方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收终端发送的信令流；
根据预定的策略为所述终端选择媒体服务器；
将所接收到的信令流发送给为所述终端选择的媒体服务器， 并将来自所 述媒体服务器的响应消息转发给所述终端。
11. 如权利要求 10所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 根据设定的为终端 选择媒体服务器的选择策略选择媒体服务器，将所述信令流转发给所述选择的 媒体服务器。
12. 如权利要求 11所述的方法，其特征在于，根据以下参数的一个或者多 个设定为终端选择媒体服务器的选择策略： CPU 占用率、 内存占用率、 媒体 服务器上所连接的用户数、 带宽、 应用软件运行状态、 或媒体内容分布状态。
13. 如权利要求 11所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 首次转发所述信令 流时建立终端和媒体服务器之间的映射关系，按照所述映射关系转发所述终端 和媒体服务器之间交互的信令流。
14. 如权利要求 13所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 检测到所述媒体服务器故障或者负载超过设定额时，按照所述选择策略重 新为终端选择媒体服务器，将所述终端发送的信令流转发给所述重新选择的媒 体服务器；
将所述终端和所述媒体服务器的映射关系更新为所述终端和重新选择的 媒体服务器的映射关系。
15. 如权利要求 10所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括：
接收所述终端发送的鉴权请求；
将所述鉴权请求发送给业务支撑系统；
将所述业务支撑系统对所述终端进行鉴权的结果发送给所述媒体服务 器， 以使所述媒体服务器根据所述鉴权结果确定是否向所述终端发送媒体流。
16. 如权利要求 10 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 将对所述终端的 计费消息发送给业务支撑系统， 以供所述业务支撑系统对所述终端进行计费。
17. 如权利要求 10 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 根据转发终端和 媒体服务器之间交互的信令流，搜集所述各媒体服务器的性能数据， 上报给网 管系统。
18. 如权利要求 10 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 将所述终端发送 的信令协议转化为所述流媒体服务器能够接收的信令协议，将所述流媒体服务 器发送的信令协议转化为所述终端能够接收的信令协议。
19. 一种信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收单元， 用于接收终端发送的信令流；
转发单元， 用于将所述信令流转发给为所述终端选择的媒体服务器， 并将 来自所述媒体服务器的响应消息转发给所述终端。
20. 如权利要求 19 所述的信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 策略单 元， 用于提供终端选择媒体服务器的策略，根据所述策略为所述终端选择媒体 服务器；
所述转发单元将所述信令流转发给所述策略单元选择的媒体服务器。
21. 如权利要求 20 所述的信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 所述策略单元根 据以下参数的一个或者多个制定选择策略： CPU 占用率、 内存占用率、 媒体 服务器上所连接的用户数、 带宽、 应用软件运行状态、 或媒体内容分布状态。
22. 如权利要求 20所述的信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 映射关系单元，用于首次转发所述信令流时建立终端和媒体服务器之间的 映射关系；
所述转发单元按照所述映射关系转发所述终端和媒体服务器之间交互的 信令流。
23. 如权利要求 19所述的信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 鉴权单元， 用于接收所述终端的鉴权请求， 向业务支撑系统上报所述鉴权 请求、接收业务支撑系统发送的所述终端的鉴权结果，将所述鉴权结果发送给 所述媒体服务器。
24. 如权利要求 19所述的信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 计费单元， 用于将对所述终端的计费消息发送给所述业务支撑系统， 以供 所述业务支撑系统对所述终端进行计费。
25. 如权利要求 19所述的信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 性能数据单元， 用于根据转发终端和媒体服务器之间交互的信令流， 搜集 所述各媒体服务器的性能数据， 上报给网管系统。
26. 如权利要求 19所述的信令转发设备， 其特征在于， 还包括： 信令协议转化单元，用于将所述终端发送的信令协议转化为所述流媒体服 务器能够接收的信令协议，将所述流媒体服务器发送的信令协议转化为所述终 端能够接收的信令协议。
PCT/CN2008/070328 2007-02-25 2008-02-19 Système multimédia en flux, dispositif de transmission de signalisation et procédé d'envoi de multimédia en flux WO2008101444A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 200710073386 CN101018318A (zh) 2007-02-25 2007-02-25 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法
CN200710073386.9 2007-02-25
CN2007101277539A CN101123527B (zh) 2007-02-25 2007-06-26 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法
CN200710127753.9 2007-06-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008101444A1 true WO2008101444A1 (fr) 2008-08-28

Family

ID=39085714

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2008/070328 WO2008101444A1 (fr) 2007-02-25 2008-02-19 Système multimédia en flux, dispositif de transmission de signalisation et procédé d'envoi de multimédia en flux

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080209065A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1962507A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101123527B (zh)
WO (1) WO2008101444A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101123527B (zh) * 2007-02-25 2010-10-27 华为技术有限公司 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法
EP2248300B1 (en) * 2008-02-25 2013-06-12 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (PUBL) Delivery of multicast data
US8621045B2 (en) * 2008-09-12 2013-12-31 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Portable communication interface for accessing media content
JP5326557B2 (ja) * 2008-12-25 2013-10-30 富士通株式会社 資源配付システム
US9055085B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2015-06-09 Comcast Cable Communications, Llc Dynamic generation of media content assets for a content delivery network
US8225137B2 (en) 2010-09-04 2012-07-17 Cisco Technology, Inc. System and method for providing media server redundancy in a network environment
US8510591B2 (en) * 2010-09-04 2013-08-13 Cisco Technology, Inc. System and method for providing media server redundancy in a network environment
CN102148813B (zh) * 2010-09-30 2014-02-26 华为技术有限公司 媒体内容的传输方法和系统
CN102111310B (zh) * 2010-12-31 2013-11-27 网宿科技股份有限公司 Cdn设备状态监控方法
CN102176763B (zh) * 2011-01-28 2013-06-05 深圳市同洲电子股份有限公司 广播电视系统及信息交互方法
US8984144B2 (en) 2011-03-02 2015-03-17 Comcast Cable Communications, Llc Delivery of content
CN102137047B (zh) * 2011-03-21 2013-09-25 华中科技大学 一种多参数媒体适配网关及其适配方法
CN103780693B (zh) * 2014-01-21 2017-07-28 北京科技大学 一种利用用户视图协作感知的最佳副本服务器选择方法和系统
CN103841102B (zh) * 2014-02-25 2017-10-31 汉柏科技有限公司 一种屏蔽网络视频广告的方法及设备
CN105450715A (zh) * 2014-09-22 2016-03-30 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种业务处理模块负载均衡的方法及媒体服务器
US10091629B2 (en) * 2015-04-07 2018-10-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and system for providing broadcast media services in a communication system
CN105516176B (zh) * 2015-12-25 2018-09-14 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 一种呼叫中心系统及其通信连接方法和装置
CN105824715B (zh) * 2016-03-15 2018-10-02 南京邮电大学 基于Storm的CVFDT在CDN运维预测中的方法
CN109618005B (zh) * 2019-01-18 2020-12-08 华为终端有限公司 调用服务器的方法和代理服务器
CN110740161B (zh) * 2019-08-30 2022-05-13 武汉烽火众智数字技术有限责任公司 一种适配融合通信的系统及方法
CN111787078B (zh) * 2020-06-19 2023-05-05 揭阳市聆讯软件有限公司 一种基于电梯物联网的信令控制系统及通讯方法
CN112188227A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-05 武汉中科通达高新技术股份有限公司 一种流媒体数据分发方法和装置
CN112235771A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-15 深圳市中诺通讯有限公司 降低网络负荷的业务下载方法及设备
CN112751880A (zh) * 2021-01-06 2021-05-04 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 流服务异常控制方法、系统、设备及存储介质

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1545275A (zh) * 2003-11-21 2004-11-10 清华大学深圳研究生院 基于Netfilter架构的流媒体集群服务内容调度方法
CN1838641A (zh) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-27 华为技术有限公司 在网络中实现代理的系统及其方法
CN1878126A (zh) * 2005-06-07 2006-12-13 华为技术有限公司 通信网络中实现信令代理的方法
CN101018318A (zh) * 2007-02-25 2007-08-15 华为技术有限公司 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法
CN101123527A (zh) * 2007-02-25 2008-02-13 华为技术有限公司 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6185619B1 (en) * 1996-12-09 2001-02-06 Genuity Inc. Method and apparatus for balancing the process load on network servers according to network and serve based policies
JPH09179820A (ja) * 1995-12-26 1997-07-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 負荷分散方式及び方法
US7168086B1 (en) * 1998-11-30 2007-01-23 Microsoft Corporation Proxy for video on demand server control
US6529950B1 (en) * 1999-06-17 2003-03-04 International Business Machines Corporation Policy-based multivariate application-level QoS negotiation for multimedia services
US7020698B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2006-03-28 Lucent Technologies Inc. System and method for locating a closest server in response to a client domain name request
US7054949B2 (en) * 2001-01-19 2006-05-30 World Streaming Network, Inc. System and method for streaming media
US20040025186A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2004-02-05 Jennings Charles A. System and method for managing media
US20030088686A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2003-05-08 Jennings Charles A. System and method for streaming media
US7873734B1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2011-01-18 Computer Associates Think, Inc. Management of multiple user sessions and user requests for multiple electronic devices
US8180921B2 (en) * 2001-06-19 2012-05-15 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for load balancing
CN1599910A (zh) * 2001-12-06 2005-03-23 株式会社爱可信 用于向移动设备提供订购内容服务的系统和方法
SE524989C2 (sv) * 2002-05-08 2004-11-09 Marratech Ab Anordning och förfarande för distribution av flödande realtidsinformation mellan klienter
US8606885B2 (en) * 2003-06-05 2013-12-10 Ipass Inc. Method and system of providing access point data associated with a network access point
CN1303790C (zh) * 2003-06-18 2007-03-07 清华大学 远程用户拨号认证服务协议数据包的重发与放弃方法
US9413487B2 (en) * 2004-06-01 2016-08-09 Alcatel Lucent System and method for providing packetized video over an optical network
CN1835443A (zh) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-20 浙江移动通信有限责任公司 一种基于移动网络流媒体业务的费用计量方法
US9060047B2 (en) * 2005-12-21 2015-06-16 Genband Us Llc Media stream management

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1545275A (zh) * 2003-11-21 2004-11-10 清华大学深圳研究生院 基于Netfilter架构的流媒体集群服务内容调度方法
CN1838641A (zh) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-27 华为技术有限公司 在网络中实现代理的系统及其方法
CN1878126A (zh) * 2005-06-07 2006-12-13 华为技术有限公司 通信网络中实现信令代理的方法
CN101018318A (zh) * 2007-02-25 2007-08-15 华为技术有限公司 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法
CN101123527A (zh) * 2007-02-25 2008-02-13 华为技术有限公司 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20080209065A1 (en) 2008-08-28
EP1962507A1 (en) 2008-08-27
CN101123527B (zh) 2010-10-27
CN101123527A (zh) 2008-02-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2008101444A1 (fr) Système multimédia en flux, dispositif de transmission de signalisation et procédé d'envoi de multimédia en flux
US8332527B2 (en) Streaming media network system, streaming media service realization method and streaming media service enabler
US9026677B2 (en) Method and apparatus for providing video on demand
US20150181285A1 (en) Media Playback Method, Control Point, and Terminal
CN101018318A (zh) 一种流媒体系统、信令转发设备以及流媒体发送方法
JP5474983B2 (ja) Ｉｐｔｖセッションをセットアップするためのネットワーク装置及び方法
WO2010031335A1 (zh) 一种媒体服务器的控制方法和系统
WO2008134955A1 (fr) Procédé, système et appareil pour appliquer des informations de capacité de terminal dans un service iptv
US11051078B2 (en) Video distribution method and device
WO2008122222A1 (fr) Procédé, équipement et système pour mettre en œuvre une diffusion vidéo en direct
WO2011017982A1 (zh) 媒体业务处理系统、方法及终端
WO2014183540A1 (zh) 一种视频监控的内容适配方法、系统及中心服务器、装置
KR20100065005A (ko) 모바일 기기의 ｉｐｔｖ 서비스 방법 및 시스템
CN111107445B (zh) 一种媒体协议流优化方法及系统
WO2011143881A1 (zh) 实现移动终端电视互动的方法、系统及背靠背的用户代理
WO2008098500A1 (fr) Procédé et appareil pour découvrir un service de flux de données multimédia et appareil pour découvrir un service
WO2010012165A1 (zh) 接收紧急事件通知的方法、装置和系统
CN101815210A (zh) 一种基于下一代网络的数字家庭远程视频监控系统
WO2008148326A1 (fr) Procédé, système, agent d'activité et terminal pour réaliser une activité de convergence
WO2010028601A1 (zh) 以文件方式传输媒体内容的方法、系统及设备
WO2009015539A1 (fr) Procédé de commande multidiffusion pour service de demande de contenu multimédia et son système
WO2010028591A1 (zh) 实现客户端录制的方法、系统及录制控制实体
JP2007527576A (ja) コンテンツを配信するためのシステム、レシーバ、方法及びプログラム
WO2008089702A1 (fr) Système et procédé de mise en oeuvre de service multimédia en flux, et entité de fonction de commande de ce service
WO2010025635A1 (zh) 一种播放切换方法、媒体服务器、用户终端和系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08706701

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 08706701

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1