Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
  • H04W68/02—Arrangements for increasing efficiency of notification or paging channel
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
  • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
  • H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
  • H04B7/2671—Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
  • H04B7/2678—Time synchronisation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
  • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
  • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
  • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower
  • H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
  • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
  • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
  • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower
  • H04W52/0219—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower where the power saving management affects multiple terminals
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
  • H04W52/04—Transmission power control [TPC]
  • H04W52/54—Signalisation aspects of the TPC commands, e.g. frame structure
  • H04W52/545—Signalisation aspects of the TPC commands, e.g. frame structure modifying TPC bits in special situations
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
  • H04W68/02—Arrangements for increasing efficiency of notification or paging channel
  • H04W68/025—Indirect paging
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W76/00—Connection management
  • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
  • H04W76/28—Discontinuous transmission [DTX]; Discontinuous reception [DRX]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W8/00—Network data management
  • H04W8/18—Processing of user or subscriber data, e.g. subscribed services, user preferences or user profiles; Transfer of user or subscriber data
  • H04W8/186—Processing of subscriber group data
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
  • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
  • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
  • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
  • H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
  • H04L1/0007—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format by modifying the frame length
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
  • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
  • H04L2101/618—Details of network addresses
  • H04L2101/654—International mobile subscriber identity [IMSI] numbers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W72/00—Local resource management
  • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
  • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
  • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W84/00—Network topologies
  • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
  • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
  • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

• This application is related to wireless communications.
• LTE long term evolution
• the LTE program is undertaken in order to provide improved spectral efficiency, reduced latency, and better utilization of radio resources, thereby providing faster user experiences and richer applications and services with less associated cost.
• the LTE system may use the downlink layer 1 (Ll) and layer 2 (L2) control signaling channel to signal paging indicators to groups of wireless transmit/receive units
• WTRUs with the same paging group identity.
• this may not be practical in the implementation of certain aspects of paging group handling with respect to idle mode paging fundamentals, (e.g., total system paging capacity, system paging load distribution, and flexibility in assigning WTRUs different discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle lengths within a single paging group of
• a method and apparatus for paging group handling is disclosed.
• the method includes grouping wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) into a paging group.
• the paging group is assigned a paging occasion, and an existence of a page is indicated to the WTRUs.
• Figure 1 shows an example wireless communication system including a plurality of WTRUs and a base station
• Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of a WTRU and the base station of Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a flow diagram of a method of paging group handling
• Figure 4 shows an example base paging occasion
• Figure 5 shows an example bitmap representation of paging groups
• Figure 6 is a diagram of an example LTE paging message.
• wireless transmit/receive unit includes but is not limited to a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a pager, a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computer, or any other type of user device capable of operating in a wireless environment.
• base station includes but is not limited to a Node-B, a site controller, an access point (AP), or any other type of interfacing device capable of operating in a wireless environment.
• FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system 100 including a plurality of WTRUs 110 and a base station 120.
• the WTRUs 110 are separated, for purposes of example, into three paging groups designated "A" which includes WTRUs HO 1 , "B” which includes WTRUs HO 2 , and "C” which includes WTRUs HO3.
• the WTRUs HO are in communication with the base station 120. It should be noted that, although an example configuration of WTRUs 110 and base station 120 is depicted in Figure 1, any combination of wireless and wired devices may be included in the wireless communication system 100.
• FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram 200 of a WTRU 110 and the base station 120 of the wireless communication system 100 of Figure 1.
• the WTRU 110 is in communication with the base station 120 and both are configured to perform a method of paging group handling.
• the WTRU 110 includes a processor 115, a receiver 116, a transmitter 117, and an antenna 118.
• the processor 115 is configured to perform a paging group handling procedure.
• the receiver 116 and the transmitter 117 are in communication with the processor 115.
• the antenna 118 is in communication with both the receiver 116 and the transmitter 117 to facilitate the transmission and reception of wireless data.
• the base station 120 includes a processor 125, a receiver 126, a transmitter 127, and an antenna 128.
• the processor 125 is configured to perform a paging group handling procedure.
• the receiver 126 and the transmitter 127 are in communication with the processor 125.
• the antenna 128 is in communication with both the receiver 126 and the transmitter 127 to facilitate the transmission and reception of wireless data.
• the arrival of an incoming page at a WTRU 110 is a random event.
• FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a method 300 of paging group handling.
• WTRUs 110 are grouped into paging groups. For example, referring back to Figure 1, WTRUs HO 1 are placed in paging group A, WTRUs 1 IO2 are placed in paging group B, and WTRUs 1 IO3 are placed in paging group C.
• PG-ID may be defined in a number of ways.
• WTRUs can be grouped numerically by the WTRU entity, such as the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), or the temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI). Due to the temporary nature of the TMSI, however, the IMSI may be a more stable identity to be used in LTE for paging handling in idle mode.
• the paging group can be grouped logically by the network operators for the purpose of service classification or distinction, network service treatment differential and paying customer prioritization.
• the resulting paging group, PG-ID becomes the basic-paging-occasion-offset frame number when all the paging occasions for a particular WTRU are determined and a group of WTRUs with a similar numerical property of their IMSIs (or TMSI) with respect to the shortest DRX cycle length is defined by the LTE system.
• WTRUs 110 are assigned to different logical paging groups by the service/network provider within a particular service category, within a network origin, or using other properties.
• Example groupings may depend on the WTRU IMSI's mobile network code (MNC), mobile country code (MCC), or on certain attributes of the WTRU's IMSI's mobile station identification number (MSIN).
• MNC mobile network code
• MCC mobile country code
• MSIN mobile station identification number
• PG-ID eUTRAN-Prefix
• PG-ID eUTRAN-Prefix
• PG-ID eUTRAN-Prefix
• eUTRAN-suffix where the eUTRAN-Prefix and eUTRAN-suffix can be any value, except one that is used for another PG-ID in subsequent operations.
• a PG-ID with other desired properties may be assigned.
• paging occasions are assigned to the paging groups (step 320).
• a paging occasion which may occur at the beginning of an LTE frame, defines a particular time that a WTRU should wake up to check if it is being paged.
• the LTE system distributes these paging occasions in the time domain so that the paging load at any time is equalized, and the paged WTRU receives the paging with minimum delay with respect to its sleep/wake-up cycle, (i.e., DRX cycle).
• step 330 WTRUs within a paging group may be assigned different DRX cycle lengths. Accordingly, for a particular paging group, with respect to the PG-ID, the system will have to determine a base-paging-occasion- offset that would be equivalent to a frame number. The subsequent and continuous paging occasions are built on top of the base-paging-occasion-offset. This base-paging-occasion-offset may be referred to as the PO-GP. [0031] In the total paging occasion distribution for different WTRUs having different DRX cycle lengths, the PO-GP indicates, at the beginning of the system frame, a number scale that is used as the offset frame number.
• This may be the shortest DRX cycle length by the LTE system due to the variable DRX cycle length assignment that a WTRU may have, regardless of the paging group in which it belongs.
• a particular WTRU 110 may have the shortest or longest DRX cycle.
• Figure 4 shows an example base paging occasion 400.
• Figure 4 shows a group of WTRUs 110 within the PG-ID "A" that also include the PO-GP of "1". These WTRUs have different DRX-Cycle-lengths which are shown as 8 or 16. Accordingly, the WTRUs may expect their respective paging occasions in the time scale of system frame numbers (SFNs).
• SFNs system frame numbers
• a choice between DRX-cycle-lenghts may include considerations of performance versus power savings. For example, the WTRU with a DRX cycle length of 8 may consume more power, but it may have more chances to receive paging, resulting in faster incoming call reception, and the like.
• the PO-PG may be determined numerically or logically.
• the PG-OP can also be organized logically, especially for those paging groups formed logically.
• the PG-ID is converted to PO-GP via a mapping table if there is no short formula to numerically translate from PG-ID to PO-GP where, for instance, the PG-IDs are not consecutively sequenced.
• the mapping table may also be used to achieve the intended PO-GP distribution, or to retain the flexibility of assignment, so that, for example, reassignment can be arranged easily. Table 1 below shows an example mapping table of a PG-ID to a PO-GP.
• Nmax-PG-m is the maximum number of paging groups the LTE system will be able to accommodate.
• the ⁇ is an absolute value smaller or equal to the shortest DKX-cycle-len minus one ( ⁇ ⁇ shortest-DRX- cycle-len - 1).
• Multiple paging groups can be assigned to the same PO-GP.
• the PO-GP needs to be distributed to all the frame occasions covered in the shortest DRX cycle, so as to even the paging load as well as to maintain the paging performance. Additionally, more than one paging group can be assigned to the same PO-GP so that DRX cycle length flexibility can be maintained and system paging capability may be maximized.
• the paging status for any particular WTRU 110 is indicated (step 340).
• a WTRU 110 in idle mode DRX cycle, as well as WTRUs 110 in its paging occasion group or other groups with the same PO-GP wake up to read the paging indication (step 350) based on the PO- GP it is in and DRX cycle length it is assigned to. Since more than one group of WTRUs 110 may be in the process of checking the paging indicator to find the paging status toward its group at the same time, the system may need to accommodate more paging groups in the limited space of the paging indicator, and, at the same time, efficiently organize the space for multiple paging group status indication.
• FIG. 5 shows an example bitmap representation of paging groups 500. As shown in Figure 5, paging group ID "A” includes a PO- GP of 1, paging group ID "B” includes a PO-GP of 4, and paging group ID "C” includes a PO-GP of 1.
• Each WTRU within a paging group reads the paging status bit in the bitmap during the group's paging occasion and in accordance with the WTRU's DRX-cycle-len, as indicated by the arrows shown in Figure 5, in order to determine whether or not a page exists for the WTRU.
• the bitmap construction essentially is a line of up of N bits with bit-
• bitmap for one PO-GP.
• Bit-0 Bit-1 Bit-2 >>> Bit-n
• N shortest DRX cycle length - 1
• bitmaps in the system with one for each PO-GP position.
• the E-UTRAN system broadcasts this PG-ID/PO-GP mapping in the system information broadcast.
• the WTRU 110 may calculate the bit position of its paging group based on the rule specified in Table 2 above.
• a WTRU 110 in idle mode wakes up at the paging occasions indicated by the PO-FN and checks on the paging indicator. Based on its assigned PG-ID and the bit position in the bitmap, the WTRU 110 checks whether its paging group, or groups, has an active page, which may include whether the bit position J in the paging-group-bitmap is set or not.
• the WTRU 110 If the bit position is set, (i.e., a page is indicated), the WTRU 110 reads the LTE physical channel (PDSCH) (step 360), described by the radio bearer (RB)-allocation portion of the paging indicator, where a higher layer paging message will list the exact IMSI/TMSI of each of the WTRUs 110 being paged. If the WTRU 110 finds an exact match of its IMSI/TMSI, it indicates that a page exists for the WTRU 110.
• PDSCH LTE physical channel
• RB radio bearer
• bitmap is defined by the E-UTRAN and is broadcast for each of the PO-GPs in the system information when the PO-GP is given such information with respect to PG-IDs. Only one bitmap for each PO-GP needs to be broadcast. Accordingly, while the WTRUs in any particular group may have varying DRX-cycles, they are able to use the same bitmap for all PG- FNs.
• an LTE Paging message may be used when a
• FIG. 6 is an example diagram of an example LTE paging message 600.
• a WTRU at frame 9 receives a paging indicator (hatched), which contains a "Paging Status Bitmap" and an "RB (LTE resource block) allocation information" for the WTRU to receive the real paging message, (e.g., the LTE paging message), from another channel that carries the real paging message. This gives the timing and physical channel information. If the bitmap status bit for its paging-group is not set, then the WTRU may not read the real paging message in order to conserve power.
• the LTE paging message 600 contains the paging records, (i.e., the real WTRU IMSIs), for each really paged WTRUs.
• a WTRU checks the bitmap to see its PG-ID bit is set and uses the RB allocation information to read the LTE paging message 600.
• a WTRU ascertains that it is paged when it has confirmed that its IMSI is in the paging records.
• the number of IMSIs capable of being addressed in an LTE paging message represents the LTE paging capacity at its maximum, and should be designed to take peak paging load into consideration. If the defined IMSI carrying capability is not big enough, then certain WTRUs 110 may be left out of the paging confirmation and may not receive incoming calls in time. [0049] In addition, the LTE paging message paging record should contain as many paged WTRU IMSIs as possible. If allocated RB space is limited, extensions can be made to include all the paging records/IMSIs.
• the extension could be made in the paging indicator RB-allocation part, where a pointer can indicate another, or auxiliary RB-allocation for the LTE paging message extension.
• the extended space may be resolved in the PCH domain, where extra space can be temporarily provided for the LTE Paging message extension.
• signaling compression can be applied.
• the duplicated MCCs and MNCs do not need to be included in the message, resulting in direct list of MSINs of IMSIs in most instances, thus saving message space.
• the formatting of the IMSI may start with the MCC, and then move to the MNC, and lastly the MSIN.
• the MCC is the leading index, then the MNC. If the next MCC or MNC is not different than the previous one, then they do not need to be included.
• a WTRU search for an IMSI match can also take advantage of this formatting rule, skipping unmatched MCCs and MNCs by directly going to the matching MCC and MNC to increase matching process efficiency.
• ROM read only memory
• RAM random access memory
• register cache memory
• semiconductor memory devices magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
• Suitable processors include, by way of example, a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), and/or a state machine.
• a processor in association with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), terminal, base station, radio network controller (RNC), or any host computer.
• WTRU wireless transmit receive unit
• UE user equipment
• RNC radio network controller
• the WTRU may be used in conjunction with modules, implemented in hardware and/or software, such as a camera, a video camera module, a videophone, a speakerphone, a vibration device, a speaker, a microphone, a television transceiver, a hands free headset, a keyboard, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, and/or any wireless local area network (WLAN) or Ultra Wide Band (UWB) module.
• modules implemented in hardware and/or software, such as a camera, a video camera module, a videophone, a speakerphone, a vibration device, a speaker, a microphone, a television transceiver, a hands free headset, a keyboard, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a liquid crystal display (LCD)
• a method for paging group handling 2. The method of embodiment 1 , further comprising grouping wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) into at least one paging group.
• WTRUs wireless transmit/receive units
• DRX discontinuous reception
• IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
• LTE long term evolution
• LTE paging message includes an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) of a WTRU for which a page exists.
• IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
• a base station configured to perform a method as in any preceding embodiment.
• a base station as in any of embodiments 21-23, further comprising a processor in communication with the receiver and the transmitter.
• a base station as in any of embodiments 21-24 wherein a processor is configured to group wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) into at least one paging group, assign paging occasions to the at least one paging group, and indicate an existence of a page to the WTRUs.
• WTRUs wireless transmit/receive units
• DRX discontinuous reception
• LTE long term evolution
• LTE long term evolution
• a wireless transmit/receive unit configured to perform a method as in any of embodiments 1-20.
• a WTRU as in any of embodiments 31-33, further comprising a processor in communication with the receiver and the transmitter.
• a WTRU as in any of embodiments 31-34 wherein a processor is configured to wake up during a paging occasion, determine whether or not a page exists for the WTRU, and read a long term evolution (LTE) physical channel (PDSCH) based upon the determination of whether the page exists.
• LTE long term evolution

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