WO2008089757A1 - Système optique pour éclairage - Google Patents

Système optique pour éclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008089757A1
WO2008089757A1 PCT/DK2007/050010 DK2007050010W WO2008089757A1 WO 2008089757 A1 WO2008089757 A1 WO 2008089757A1 DK 2007050010 W DK2007050010 W DK 2007050010W WO 2008089757 A1 WO2008089757 A1 WO 2008089757A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reflector
optical system
ellipse
light
focal point
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2007/050010
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jens Gudum
Original Assignee
Dki Plast A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dki Plast A/S filed Critical Dki Plast A/S
Priority to PCT/DK2007/050010 priority Critical patent/WO2008089757A1/fr
Publication of WO2008089757A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008089757A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/08—Optical design with elliptical curvature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/402—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for working places

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical system for illumination, said optical system having rotational symmetry about a main axis, and said optical system comprising a first reflecting part and a second reflecting part for reflecting light from a light source.
  • a luminaire When illuminating workspaces such as tabletops below a lumi- naire, it is of interest to have a luminaire with a good light distribution.
  • This inter alia means having a high degree of efficiency in illuminating the workspace, where most of the light hits the workspace area and an minor part of the light illuminates the room around the workspace area.
  • the luminaire should not glare in the surroundings of the workspace.
  • a reflector/refractor comprising prismatic elements, which may reflect or refract the light depending of the incidence angle of the light from the light source located within the reflector/refractor, is known.
  • the reflector/refractor is somewhat bowl-shaped and has an overall rotational symmetry about a main axis. Along the main axis the overall contour of the bowl-shaped reflector/refractor is composed of a number of contiguous segments. These segments are frustro-toroidal at the bottom of the bowl shape and frustro-conical at the light exit opening at the top of the bowl.
  • the light distribution of un- scattered light over the workspace below the reflector/refractor is however somewhat narrow or localized.
  • the exit angle for un- scattered light i.e. the angle between the light rays and the main axis, is not as high as could be desired. Outside the somewhat narrow area the workplace is only lighted by scattered light, which has passed the reflector/refractor.
  • this object is achieved by an optical system according to the opening paragraph, where said first reflecting part has a curvature corresponding to a segment of the peri- phery of a first ellipse, and wherein the second reflecting part has a curvature corresponding to a segment of the periphery of a second ellipse, wherein the second reflecting part comprises prismatic elements providing total internal reflection.
  • At least one of said first and second reflecting parts comprises a sector of an ellipsoid having an axis coinciding with the main axis of the light control device.
  • At least one of said first and second reflecting parts comprises a sector corresponding to the revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse having both of its major axes inclined at an angle with respect to the main axis of the optical system and having a focal point coinciding with the focal point of the respective other one of said first and second ellipse.
  • At least one of said first and second reflecting parts comprises a further sector corresponding to the revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse having both of its major axes inclined at an angle with respect to the main axis of the optical system and having a focal point coinciding with the focal points of said first and second ellipses.
  • said second reflecting part comprises a number of sectors, each corresponding to the revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse having its major axis inclined at an angle with respect to the main axis of the optical system and having a focal point coinciding with the focal points of said first and second ellipses, and wherein said angle increases with the eccentricity of said ellipse.
  • said first and second ellipses have a coinciding focal point.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of an optical system according to the invention with indication of the directly emitted light form the light source
  • Fig. 2 shows the optical system of fig. 1, with indications of the light reflections from the first reflector
  • Fig. 3 shows the optical system of fig. 1, with indications of the light reflections from the second reflector
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the total internal reflection of a light ray in the second reflector of the first embodiment
  • Fig. 5 shows a diagram of the light distribution from the optical system according to the first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 6 shows a second embodiment of an optical system accord- ing to the present invention with indications of the light reflections from the first reflector
  • Fig. 7 shows the optical system of fig. 6 with indications of the light reflections from the second reflector.
  • an optical system 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • the optical system is symmetrical with rotational symmetry about a main axis 2 of the optical system 1.
  • the optical system comprises a first reflecting part in the form of a first reflector 3 and a second reflecting part in the form of a second reflector 4.
  • the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 4 are interconnected by an interconnection means 5.
  • the interconnection 5 means is preferably a frustro-conical screen of an opaque or translucent material. The material, however, may also be transparent. Also, if desired, the interconnection means 5 could be an open structure e.g. a number of struts.
  • the first reflector 3 is generally cup-shaped, with an opening 6, through which light from a light source 7 may exit as direct light or as reflected light.
  • the arrows 8 indicate light rays of direct, i.e. non-reflected light from the light source 7.
  • the light source 7 is a point light source corresponding to the optical centre of a lamp 11.
  • the second embodiment according to the invention is preferred. This embodiment will be discussed further below after the discussion of the first embodiment.
  • the first reflector 3 is preferably of a reflective metal or of a material such as glass or plastic with a reflective metallic coating. The reflectance is preferably more than 0.85.
  • the second reflector 4 has an overall annular shape.
  • the second reflector 4 is made of a transparent material such as plastic or glass and has a number of prismatic elements 9 projecting externally and thus forming the outer surface. These prismatic elements 9 provide total in- ternal reflection of incident light as illustrated in figs. 3 and 4.
  • the inner surface of the second reflector 4 is preferably smooth.
  • the shaded area in fig. 1 illustrates the light emanating directly from the light source 7, i.e. as the light rays 8, and passing unhindered and without reflection through the second reflector 4.
  • an encapsulation 10 for e.g. a socket for the lamp
  • This encapsulation 10 does not form part of the optical system 1 as such, and will not be discussed any further.
  • Fig. 2 shows examples of light rays 27 emanating from the light source 7 located in the first focal point F and reflected by the first reflector 3.
  • the first reflector 3 is preferably composed of several sectors 12, 13, 14 as indicated by the interrupted lines 15, 16, 17, 18. In the illustrated example, the number of sectors is three, but there could of course be more or less.
  • Each of these sectors 12, 13, 14 have a different ge- ometry, but they all have rotational symmetry about the main axis 2. They are all formed by rotation of a segment of the periphery of a respective ellipse about the main axis 2.
  • the respective ellipses differ in eccentricity, dimensions of their major axis and the inclination of their major axis with respect to the main axis 2.
  • the inclination of the major axis of at least one of the ellipses may be zero degree with respect to the main axis 2, in which case the sector in question is a sector of an ellipsoid.
  • the respective ellipses have one thing in common, a focal point.
  • ellipses have two focal points.
  • the ellipses forming the sectors 12, 13 and 14, respectively all have as a common focal point the focal point F.
  • the first sector 12 of the first reflector 3 is formed by revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse with a low eccentricity of approximately 0.25 and a high inclination of the major axis of 70°, thus having a first focal point in F and second focal point in Fl.1. Since, however, the ellipse is rotated, the focus Fl.1 of the first sector 12 of the first reflector 3 is actually ring-shaped. For typical dimensions in practical use, where the diameter of the output opening 6 is 120 mm, the distance between F and Fl.1 in the embodi- ment illustrated is then approximately 20 mm. As can be seen from fig.
  • the low eccentricity in combination with the high inclination is advantageous in the sense that the light reflected by the first sector 12 is not reflected back into the lamp 11 providing the light source 7, and thus is not wasted.
  • the second sector 13 of the first reflector 3 in the illustrated embodiment is also formed by revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse.
  • the inclination of the major axis is 0° and the sector is thus an ellipsoid.
  • the eccentricity of the ellipse, and hence the ellipsoid is approximately 0.5.
  • the second focal point Fl.2 of the el- lipse is also the focal point of the ellipsoid. With the 120 mm output opening 6 mentioned above, the distance between F and Fl.2 is approximately 60 mm.
  • the third sector 14 of the first reflector 3 is formed by revolution of a segment of the pe- riphery of an ellipse. This ellipse, however, has a higher degree of eccentricity that the ellipses forming the first and second sectors 12, 13.
  • the third sector 14 of the first reflector has an eccentricity of approximately 0.7 and an inclination of the major axis of 17°, thus having a first focal point in F and second focal point in Fl.3. Since, however, the ellipse is rotated, the focus Fl.3 of the third sector 12 of the first reflector 3 is also ring-shaped.
  • the distance between F and Fl.3 is then approximately 120 mm.
  • the optical centre of the lamp 11 corresponding to the light source 7 lies entirely within the cup-shaped first reflector 3, i.e. above the interrupted line 18 in fig. 2, where the output opening 6 of the first reflector 3 faces downward. Having the light source 7 within the first reflector 3, provides good lighting on the workspace, because the light is reflected only once from the reflecting surface, the light thus neither being scattered nor being absorbed.
  • this geometry of the first reflector matches very well the geometry of the second reflector 4, to be described in details below, and thus contributing to the overall good lighting quality of the optical system 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • lamps with integrated ellipsoidal reflectors exist.
  • the first reflector 3 could thus be constituted by the integrated reflector of such a lamp.
  • Examples of such lamps are Philips Masterline ES low voltage halogen reflector lamps, and Master Colour CDM-R PAR20 and 3OL, having a light distribution angles in the interval from 10° to 60°.
  • Fig. 3 shows examples of light rays 28 emanating from the light source 7 located in the first focal point F and reflected by the second reflector 4.
  • the second reflector 4 is preferably also composed of several sectors 19, 20, 21 as indicated by the interrupted lines 22, 23, 24, 25. In the illustrated example the number of sectors are three, but there could of course be more or less.
  • Each of these sectors 19, 20, 21 has a different geometry, but they all have rotational symmetry about the main axis 2. They are all generally formed as a rotation of a segment of the periphery of a respective ellipse about the main axis 2. Since however the external surface of the second reflector 4 comprises a number of prismatic elements 9, the rotational symmetry is an n'th order symmetry, where n is the number of prismatic elements 9.
  • the respective ellipses, from which the sectors of the second reflector 4 are formed, differ in eccentricity, dimensions of their major axis and the inclination of their major axis with respect to the main axis 2.
  • the inclination of the major axis of at least one of the ellipses may be zero degree with respect to the main axis 2, in which case the sector in question is a sector of an ellipsoid.
  • the respective ellipses have one thing in common, a focal point. This focal point is the very same focal point F, which the sectors 12, 13, 14 of the first reflector 3 also share.
  • the dimensions of the second reflector are larger than those of the first reflector 3.
  • the light output opening 26 of the sec- ond reflector 4 is approximately 380 mm in the illustrated embodiment, where the light output opening 6 of the first reflector 3 is approximately 120 mm.
  • the three sectors of the second reflector 4 increase in both inclination with respect to the main axis 2 and in eccentricity.
  • the first sector 19 of the second reflector 4 in the illustrated embodiment is formed by revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse, where the inclination of the major axis is 0°.
  • the sector is thus an ellipsoid.
  • the eccentricity of the ellipse, and hence the ellip- soid, is approximately 0.6.
  • the second focal point F2.1 of the ellipse is also the focal point of the ellipsoid. With the 380 mm output opening 26 mentioned above, the distance between F and F2.1 is approximately 300 mm.
  • the second sector 20 of the second reflector 4 is also formed by revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse.
  • the major axis of the ellipse however is in this case inclined with respect to the main axis 2, at an angle of 8°.
  • the focus F2.2 of the second sector 20 of the second reflector is actually ring- shaped in a manner similar to the foci Fl.1 and Fl.3 of the first sector 12 and third sector 14 of the first reflector 3.
  • the third sector 21 of the second reflector 4 is also formed by revolution of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse.
  • the major axis of the ellipse however is in this case inclined with respect to the main axis 2, at an angle of 25°.
  • the focus F2.3 of the second sector 21 of the second reflector is also ring shaped in a manner similar to the foci Fl.1 and Fl.3 of the first sector 12 and third sector 14 of the first reflector 3 as well as the focus F2.2 of the second sector 20 of the second reflector 4.
  • the dimensions mentioned above are of course only examples.
  • the output opening 6 of the first reflector 3 could typically lie in the interval from 50 mm to 150 mm and the output opening 26 of the second reflector could typically lie in the interval from 200 mm to 600 mm.
  • the first reflector 3 is a metallic or metal-coated reflector and relies on the light reflecting properties of the metal. Ideally, it should reflect all impinging light, i.e. have a low absorbance and a low transmittance. The reflectance is preferably above 85%.
  • the second reflector 4 is of a transparent material such as plastic, and relies instead on a prismatic surface geometry providing total internal reflection properties. These properties are provided by means of a number of elongate prismatic elements 9, each comprising two flanks 29 and 30. The angle between the flanks 29 and 30 is preferably 90°, as seen in the plane perpendicular to a tangent to the elliptical curvature, which the prismatic elements 9 follow, in any given sector 19, 20, 21.
  • the total internal reflection of a light ray 28 in this surface geometry is illustrated in fig. 4. Here a light ray 28 from the light source 7 impinges on the internal surface 31 of the second reflector 4 at a point 32.
  • the light ray 28 is refracted at the point 32 and continues inside the transparent material, of which the second reflector 4 is made.
  • the light ray 28 continues within the transparent material and hits the external surface at the flank 29 in the point 33, where it is totally internally reflected due to the difference in refractive index of the transparent material, of which the second reflector 4 is made, and the surrounding atmospheric air.
  • the light ray thus continues inside the transparent mate- rial, of which the second reflector 4 is made, until it hits the other flank 30 of the respective prismatic element 9 in the point 34, where it is again totally internally reflected, this time back towards the surface 31 again.
  • the angle is such that it is not totally internally reflected, but refracted.
  • the light ray then leaves the surface 31 at a desired angle.
  • the refractive material, of which the second reflector is made preferably has a refractive index in the interval from 1.4 to 1.5
  • the light distribution is illustrated in fig. 5.
  • the curve 35 illustrates the intensity of the light output through the output opening 26 of the second reflector 4 as a function of the angle to the main axis 2 of the optical system according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the optical system 1' of the second embodiment is symmetrical with rotational symmetry about a main axis 2 of the optical system 1'.
  • the optical system 1' comprises a first reflect- ing part in the form of a first reflector 3' and a second reflecting part in the form of a second reflector 4.
  • the second reflector 4 may be, and preferably is, identical in construction to the second reflector 4 of the first embodiment and will not be discussed in further detail.
  • the second reflector 4 can be regarded as a unique optical element in its own right, which may be used in other applications than the embodiments of the invention described herein.
  • the first reflector 3' and the second reflector 4 are connected by means of an interconnection means 5' of a construction similar to that of the interconnection means 5 of the first embodiment.
  • the first reflector 3' is preferably of a reflective metal or of a material such as glass or plastic with a reflective metallic coating.
  • the reflectance is preferably more than 0.85.
  • first and second embodiments reside mainly in the first reflector, which is especially adapted to accommodate a lamp 11' which cannot be considered to be a point light source.
  • Comparison between e.g. Fig. 1 and 6 reveals that for identical second reflectors 4 the first reflector 3' according to the second embodiment is somewhat larger than the first reflector 3 of the first embodiment.
  • the first reflector 3' is also generally cup-shaped, with an opening 6, through which light from a the lamp 11' forming the light source may exit as direct light or as reflected light.
  • the first reflector 3' is preferably composed of several sectors 12', 13' as indicated by the interrupted lines 15', 16', 17'. In the illustrated example, the number of sectors is two, but there could of course be more or less.
  • Each of these sectors 12', 13' have a different geometry, but they all have rotational symmetry about the main axis 2. They are all formed by rotation of a segment of the periphery of a respective ellipse about the main axis 2.
  • the respective ellipses differ in eccentricity, dimensions of their major axis and the inclination and/or offset of their major axis with respect to the main axis 2.
  • the upper sector 12' is formed as a circular arc segment offset from and rotated about the main axis 2.
  • a circle is considered only to be the special case of an ellipse, where the major axes are equal, and the two focal points thus merge in the centre of the circle.
  • the upper sector 12' thus does not have a focal point as such, but rather a ring- shaped focus indicated by Fl.1' in Fig. 6. This ring-shaped focus lies outside the lamp 11'.
  • the lower sector 13' is also formed by rotation of a segment of the periphery of an ellipse.
  • This ellipse has an inclination with respect to the main axis 2. It furthermore has one focal point coinciding with the focal point Fl.1' of the circle segment from which the first sector 12' is formed.
  • the other focal point Fl.2' of the ellipse lies at the lower edge of the second reflector 4.
  • the second sector 13' has two ring-shaped focuses Fl.1' and Fl.2'. This geometry ensures that those portions of the light reflected from the first reflector, which hit the second reflector 4, does this under an angle of incidence, which allows it to be totally internally reflected.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système optique (1) pour éclairage. Le système optique présente une symétrie de rotation par rapport à un axe principal (2). Ledit système optique (1) comporte une première partie réfléchissante (3) et une seconde partie réfléchissante (4) pour réfléchir la lumière provenant d'une source de lumière (7). La courbure de la première partie réfléchissante (3) correspond à un segment de la périphérie d'une première ellipse; la courbure de la seconde partie réfléchissante (4) correspond à un segment de la périphérie d'une seconde ellipse. Le foyer de la première et de la seconde ellipse coïncident (F). La seconde partie réfléchissante (4) inclut des éléments prismatiques (9) produisant une réflexion interne totale.
PCT/DK2007/050010 2007-01-24 2007-01-24 Système optique pour éclairage WO2008089757A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK2007/050010 WO2008089757A1 (fr) 2007-01-24 2007-01-24 Système optique pour éclairage

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK2007/050010 WO2008089757A1 (fr) 2007-01-24 2007-01-24 Système optique pour éclairage

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WO2008089757A1 true WO2008089757A1 (fr) 2008-07-31

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013116343A1 (fr) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-08 GE Lighting Solutions, LLC Système optique et dispositif d'éclairage composé de celui-ci

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2173889A (en) * 1985-04-05 1986-10-22 Manville Corp A reflector including prisms and a reflective coating thereon
EP0621440A1 (fr) * 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 D. Swarovski & Co. Elément transparent pour modifie les rayons lumineux issus d'une source lumineux
US20030185012A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-02 Lexalite International Corporation Lighting fixture optical assembly including relector/refractor and collar for enhanced directional illumination control
EP1524468A1 (fr) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-20 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Améliorations à un appareil d'éclairage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2173889A (en) * 1985-04-05 1986-10-22 Manville Corp A reflector including prisms and a reflective coating thereon
EP0621440A1 (fr) * 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 D. Swarovski & Co. Elément transparent pour modifie les rayons lumineux issus d'une source lumineux
US20030185012A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-02 Lexalite International Corporation Lighting fixture optical assembly including relector/refractor and collar for enhanced directional illumination control
EP1524468A1 (fr) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-20 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Améliorations à un appareil d'éclairage

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013116343A1 (fr) * 2012-02-03 2013-08-08 GE Lighting Solutions, LLC Système optique et dispositif d'éclairage composé de celui-ci
CN104145158A (zh) * 2012-02-03 2014-11-12 通用电气照明解决方案有限责任公司 光学系统和包含该光学系统的照明装置
US9464784B2 (en) 2012-02-03 2016-10-11 GE Lighting Solutions, LLC Optical system and lighting device comprised thereof

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