WO2008086679A1 - Générateur d'impulsions manuel bi-mode à main et à bouton-poussoir équipé d'indicateurs lumineux intégrés - Google Patents

Générateur d'impulsions manuel bi-mode à main et à bouton-poussoir équipé d'indicateurs lumineux intégrés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008086679A1
WO2008086679A1 PCT/CN2007/003185 CN2007003185W WO2008086679A1 WO 2008086679 A1 WO2008086679 A1 WO 2008086679A1 CN 2007003185 W CN2007003185 W CN 2007003185W WO 2008086679 A1 WO2008086679 A1 WO 2008086679A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
central processing
processing unit
signal
pulse generator
outer ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/003185
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dehai Yu
Xingjia He
Fuzheng Sun
Hongqi Chen
Xicai Liu
Defeng Gao
Original Assignee
Dalian Guangyang Science & Technology Engineering Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CNB2007100100599A external-priority patent/CN100475441C/zh
Priority claimed from CNU2007200101309U external-priority patent/CN201002198Y/zh
Priority claimed from CNU2007200101296U external-priority patent/CN201009117Y/zh
Priority claimed from CNB200710010064XA external-priority patent/CN100450710C/zh
Priority claimed from CN 200720010266 external-priority patent/CN200995344Y/zh
Application filed by Dalian Guangyang Science & Technology Engineering Co., Ltd filed Critical Dalian Guangyang Science & Technology Engineering Co., Ltd
Priority to DE112007003259T priority Critical patent/DE112007003259B4/de
Priority to US12/522,536 priority patent/US8299780B2/en
Priority to JP2009545795A priority patent/JP5149306B2/ja
Publication of WO2008086679A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008086679A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pulse generator for moving and positioning a tool, a workpiece or the like on a machine tool in the field of numerical control, and more particularly to a manual pulse generator having an indicator light, a function button and a power-on self-test function.
  • the manual pulse generator is used on the machine tool to realize the movement and precise positioning of the tool, workpiece or similar device. It is widely used in the field of numerical control. It is usually output by a manual rotary rocker, and a scale is rotated to output a pulse. Or the distance the workpiece moves is proportional to the number of pulses output. When the manual pulse generator is turned, it can output a pulse (a positive pulse is output during forward rotation and a reverse pulse is output when inverted).
  • FIG. 1 is an intermediate device for allowing a user to perceive an angle fine-tuning input, comprising a rotating disk 101 provided with a tooth synchronously rotating in association with the rotating shaft, and the spring 103 rotates
  • the small shaft 102 always abuts against the teeth of the rotating disk 101.
  • the small shaft 102 is transferred from the valley to the tooth peak or from the tooth peak to the valley, so that the amount of spring contraction changes, and elastic damping is generated, which hinders the rotation, thereby allowing the user to rotate the rocker.
  • a stepwise feeling is obtained, so that the spring 103 is elastically damped, and when the pulse generator is rotated, the rotated scale can be felt, and then the number of output pulses is known, but there is a full-contact mechanical structure, because There are defects in wear that can affect the service life of the device.
  • the conventional manual pulse generator has no indication function.
  • the operator rotates the manual pulse generator, it is usually impossible to know whether there is a pulse output, and whether the number of pulses output is consistent with the rotation scale. This is prone to misuse, can damage the tool in severe cases, causing significant losses; it also affects the use of the machine and thus reduces work efficiency.
  • the distance the tool or workpiece moves is proportional to the number of pulses output. If the tool or workpiece needs to move a larger distance, the more the number of turns of the manual pulse generator is, the longer the time required, and the lower the working efficiency. .
  • prior art manual pulse generator is proportional to the number of pulses output.
  • the present invention addresses the deficiencies of the prior art by developing a manual pulse generator with self-test, indication and fine-tuning state sensing functions.
  • the technical means of implementation are as follows:
  • a manual pulse generator comprising a rotary pulse input unit, characterized by further comprising a central processing unit; the rotary pulse input unit transmits the output signal to the central processing unit, and after processing, outputs a control signal through the differential chip, and the central portion
  • the processing unit is further connected with a feedback loop to collect the control signal to realize self-testing; the central processing unit is further connected with a positive and negative indicator light.
  • the rotary pulse input unit includes a manual rotation mechanism, a signal generating mechanism, and a magnetic brake mechanism: the manual rotation mechanism includes a dial associated with the rotating shaft;
  • the signal generating mechanism includes a code wheel fixed to the rotating shaft and rotating therewith, and a photoelectric switch for monitoring the code wheel, and an electrical signal generated by the photoelectric switch is transmitted to the central processing unit;
  • the moving mechanism includes an iron bowl and an outer ring tooth damper piece associated with the dial and synchronously rotating, and a fixed inner ring tooth damper piece is disposed concentrically with the outer ring tooth damper piece;
  • the outer ring tooth damper is respectively provided with a tooth having a gap in the middle and an inner ring corresponding to each other and having the same number of teeth; the inner ring tooth damper is abutted against one side of the ring magnet, the magnet The other side is associated with the outer ring tooth damper sheet by an iron bowl;
  • the inner and outer ring tooth damper sheets are each made of a magnetically permeable material, so that the inner and outer ring tooth damper sheets have teeth
  • the magnetic pole N and the magnetic pole S are respectively formed on the upper side, and the polarities of the magnetic
  • the positive and negative indicator lights are mounted on the fixed seat.
  • the inner and outer ring tooth dampers are each formed by laminating a plurality of damping sheets.
  • a manual pulse generator comprising a rotary pulse input unit, characterized by further comprising a central processing unit and a button signal input unit; the rotary pulse input unit and the button signal input unit transmit the output signal to the central processing unit, after processing
  • the control signal is outputted by the differential chip, and the central processing unit is further connected with a feedback loop to collect the control signal to realize the self-detection of the boot; the central processing unit is further connected with the forward and reverse indicator lights.
  • the rotary pulse input unit includes a manual rotation mechanism, a signal generating mechanism and a magnetic brake mechanism: the manual rotation mechanism includes a dial associated with the rotating shaft;
  • the signal generating mechanism includes a code wheel fixed to the rotating shaft and rotating therewith, and a photoelectric switch for monitoring the code wheel, and an electrical signal generated by the photoelectric switch is transmitted to the central processing unit;
  • the moving mechanism includes an iron bowl and an outer ring tooth damper piece associated with the dial and synchronously rotating, and a fixed inner ring tooth damper piece is disposed concentrically with the outer ring tooth damper piece;
  • the outer ring tooth damper is respectively provided with a tooth having a gap in the middle and an inner ring corresponding to each other and having the same number of teeth; the inner ring tooth damper is abutted against one side of the ring magnet, the magnet The other side is associated with the outer ring tooth damper sheet by an iron bowl;
  • the inner and outer ring tooth damper sheets are each made of a magnetically permeable material, so that the inner and outer ring tooth damper sheets have teeth
  • the magnetic pole N and the magnetic pole S are respectively formed on the upper side, and the polarities of the magnetic
  • the inner and outer ring tooth dampers are each formed by laminating a plurality of damping sheets.
  • a method for operating a manual pulse generator comprising the steps of: inputting a signal to a central processing unit by a rotation signal input unit, and an operation step of outputting a control signal by the central processing unit; and further comprising: inputting a signal to the central processing unit by a button Step, finally, the central processing unit outputs an operation step of the control signal.
  • the step of inputting a signal to the central processing unit by the button includes the step of forming a pulse signal in the central processing unit for realizing the output of the control signal when the button is pressed less than 0.5 seconds; a step of forming a pulse signal output at a frequency of 10 Hz in the central processing unit at a time of 0.5 seconds to 2 seconds; forming a frequency of 100 Hz in the central processing unit when the button is pressed for 2 seconds to 5 seconds.
  • the step of outputting the pulse signal; when the button is pressed for more than 5 seconds, a step of generating a pulse signal at a frequency of 100 Hz is formed in the central processing unit.
  • control signal is fed back to the central processing unit to perform the self-detecting operation.
  • the central processing unit activates a forward or reverse indicator in the control signal output state for indicating the positive and negative states of the motor.
  • the outer edge of the inner ring tooth damper sheet and the inner edge of the outer ring tooth damper sheet generate a zigzag magnetic field, and the two magnetic fields form a damping effect, which can be changed by adjusting the number of inner and outer ring tooth dampers.
  • the strength of the damping effect The number of pieces is large, the damping effect is strong, the number of pieces is small, and the damping effect is weak. Therefore, the magnetic damper type manual rotary input disk with teeth of the invention has good damping effect, is easy to sense, and rotates. It has a good hand-feeling feature and, thanks to the non-contact structure, it has a much longer service life than the prior art and is durable.
  • the controller and indicator light are installed on the manual pulse generator to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art manual pulse generator. It has a self-detection function. With the aid of the indicator light, the operator can know when turning on the CNC machine. Whether the manual pulse generator is normal, it is easy to eliminate the system failure; and the indicator function of the indicator light enables the operator to know whether the manual pulse generator has a pulse output, and whether the number of pulses output is consistent with the rotating scale, and the manual is enhanced.
  • the reliability of the pulse generator, and the invention adopts the two modes of inputting the rotation and the button.
  • the output of the control signal can be realized only by using the button, without the need to
  • the traditional method of shaking the handle hundreds of laps is time-consuming and laborious, thus greatly reducing the time wasted when shaking, avoiding misoperation, reducing the incidence of failures, and greatly improving work efficiency. Because of its simple structure, it is easy to produce, and the cost is low and it is suitable for widespread promotion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art rotary input disk using a spring damping principle
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotary input disk of the present invention using a magnetic damping principle
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the mechanical structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a manual pulse generator with an indicator light according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rotary and button dual-purpose manual pulse generator circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a panel of a manual pulse generator provided with an indicator light according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rotary pulse and button dual-purpose manual pulse generator panel according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a summary drawing of the specification of the present invention.
  • code wheel 4
  • photoelectric switch 5
  • shaft 7, circuit board, 8, dial, 9, iron bowl, 10
  • circular ring magnet 11, inner ring tooth damping sheet, 12,
  • Outer ring tooth damper 14, fixed seat, 16, gap, 18, central processing unit, 101, rotating disk, 102, small shaft, 103, spring, 111, 112, tooth, 801, forward indicator light, 802, reverse indicator, 803, forward button, 804, reverse button.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, the manual pulse generator designed by the present invention is provided with an indicator light and a self-test circuit, mainly by a rotary pulse input unit and a central processing unit 18.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the functions of the central processing unit CPU mainly include the function of converting the pulse signal into a function for controlling the machine tool signal, the function of controlling the indicator light, and the function of the power-on self-test, the detection circuit shown in Fig. 7, the forward rotation indicator 801 and the anti-right Turn the indicator light 802.
  • the detection circuit is used to detect whether the manual pulse generator circuit part is normal when the power is turned on.
  • the indicator light is used to detect whether the manual pulse generator has a pulse output, and whether the output is a positive pulse or a reverse pulse; Indicates that the manual pulse generator has a positive pulse output; the reverse indicator light indicates that the manual pulse generator has a reverse pulse output.
  • the pulse generator of the present invention is provided with front and reverse indicator lights 801, 802 on the panel.
  • the pointing and reverse indicator lights 801, 802 are connected to the central processing unit CPU via wires (as shown in FIG. 5).
  • the signal output from the rotary pulse input unit is transmitted to the central processing unit 18; the central processing unit 18 outputs a control signal for moving or positioning the tool or workpiece on the machine tool through the differential chip.
  • the control signal is fed back to the central processing unit 18 via the line for realizing the self-test.
  • the self-test phase is entered when the manual pulse generator is powered on.
  • the A+ and B+ signal samples output from the differential chip are fed back to the CPU, and then the entire circuit is detected. If the circuit is normal, the forward indicator and the reverse indicator are on for 1 second at the same time; if the circuit is abnormal The forward and reverse indicators are off.
  • the self-test After the self-test, it enters the running phase.
  • the manual pulse generator sends a positive pulse, the forward rotation indicator flashes and the reverse rotation indicator turns off.
  • the manual pulse generator sends a reverse pulse, the reverse indicator flashes, and the forward rotation indication The light is off; when the manual pulse generator is not pulsed, the forward and reverse lights are off.
  • the output pulse frequency of the manual pulse generator is high, the frequency of the indicator light flashes high, which makes it impossible for the naked eye to observe that the indicator light is blinking. Therefore, when the manual pulse generator output pulse frequency is high, the indicator light is manually pulsed.
  • the generator outputs a pulse frequency of n (n is a natural number) divided by flicker.
  • the inner and outer ring tooth dampers 11 and 12 and the ring magnet 10 are formed by laminating magnetic materials, and the inner ring tooth damper 11 and the outer ring tooth damper 12 are concentrically arranged, and the inner and outer ring teeth are arranged.
  • the damper sheets 11, 12 are provided with teeth 111, 112 having a gap therebetween, a tooth shape corresponding to each other, and an equal number of teeth, respectively, in the outer ring and the inner ring.
  • the active dial 8 is associated with the driven shaft 13, and an outer ring tooth damper 12 and an iron bowl 9 are fixed inside the scale cover 8, and the iron bowl 9 is mainly used to conduct the magnetic force of the magnet 10 to Outer ring tooth damper sheet 12.
  • the gap 16 can be realized due to the small gap.
  • the inner ring tooth damper sheet 11 and the ring magnet 10 are fixed to a fixing base 14. This arrangement causes the magnetic poles N to be formed on the teeth of the inner and outer ring tooth dampers 11, 12, respectively. Set with the magnetic pole S or the opposite magnetic pole mode.
  • a code wheel 3 which is concentrically rotated with the rotating shaft 5, and a photoelectric switch 4 for detecting a rotating state are further included. Since the code wheel 3 is engraved with a uniformly distributed slit, the photoelectric switch 4 can output a desired pulse while it is rotating, and the number of output pulses is proportional to the angle at which the code wheel 3 is rotated. The electrical signals generated by the photoelectric switch 4 are transmitted to a central processing unit on the circuit board 7.
  • the inner and outer ring tooth dampers 11 and 12 are formed by laminating a plurality of damping sheets; the number of sheets is large, the damping effect is strong, the number of sheets is small, and the damping effect is weak. Further, the above magnets may be disposed on both sides of the inner and outer ring tooth dampers 11, 12 as long as the corresponding magnetic poles N and S are formed between the teeth of the inner and outer ring tooth dampers 11, 12 can.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6, and Fig. 8, the present invention can also be provided with a rotary and push button dual-purpose manual pulse generator.
  • the invention mainly consists of a rotary signal input unit, a button signal input unit and a central processing unit 18 CPU.
  • the functions of the central processing unit 18 CPU mainly include converting the key input signal into a pulse signal and converting the pulse signal into a machine tool for controlling the machine tool.
  • the function of the signal as well as the function of the selection circuit and other auxiliary operations.
  • the selection circuit When the rotation signal generating unit has a pulse output, and the button unit has no output, the selection circuit will rotate the pulse generated by the unit; when the button unit has an output, and the rotating unit has no output, the selection circuit outputs the pulse generated by the button unit; When the rotating unit has output, press the button again, the button is invalid; when the button generating unit has output, then the rotating pulse unit is shaken, the rotating unit is invalid; when the rotating unit and the button unit have output or no output, the selection circuit controls the manual pulse. The generator does not output pulses.
  • the signals output from the rotation signal input unit and the key signal input unit are transmitted to the central processing unit; the central processing unit 18 outputs a control signal for implementing tool or workpiece movement or positioning on the machine tool through the differential chip.
  • the pulse generator of the present invention comprises a rotating unit and a button unit in a mechanical structure.
  • the button unit is composed of positive and negative buttons 803 and 804. Therefore, the central processing unit 18 is also connected to the CPU. Reverse the indicators 801, 802 ( Figure 6).
  • the operation of the button can be further functionalized as follows: When the forward button 803 is pressed, the pulse generator outputs a positive pulse; when the reverse button is pressed, the pulse generator outputs a reverse pulse 804; when the forward button is simultaneously pressed When the button is reversed, the pulse generator does not output a pulse. Short time (less than 0.5 seconds) When the button is pressed, only one pulse is output; when the button is pressed for 0. 5 seconds to 2 seconds, the pulse signal is output at 10 Hz, and the button is pressed for 2 seconds. The pulse signal is output at a frequency of 100 Hz at 5 seconds, and the pulse signal is output at a frequency of 1000 Hz when the button is pressed for 5 seconds or longer.
  • the manual pulse generator of the present invention can be operated in the following two ways. That is, the signal is input to the central processing unit by the rotation signal input unit, and finally the central processing unit outputs the control signal; or the operation step of outputting the control signal by the central processing unit by inputting a signal to the central processing unit by pressing the key.
  • the rotation signal input unit inputs signals and mechanical structures to the central processing unit as in Embodiment 1.

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Description

设有指示灯的手摇与按键两用式手动脉冲发生器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于数控领域实现刀具、 工件或相似器件在机床上移动和 定位的脉冲发生器, 尤其涉及一种具有指示灯、 功能按键和开机自检功能的手 动脉冲发生器。
背景技术
手动脉冲发生器是用在机床上, 实现刀具、 工件或相似器件移动和精确定 位的装置, 目前被广泛用于数控领域, 通常通过手动回转摇把输出脉冲, 转动 一个刻度对应输出一个脉冲, 刀具或工件移动的距离与输出的脉冲个数成正比。 在转动手动脉冲发生器时, 其可以输出脉冲 (正转时输出正向脉冲, 反转时输 出反向脉冲)。
问题在于, 在微调状态下, 转轴处于无阻尼自由回转的状态, 使用者无法 感知输入的角度, 当工作人员转动时不易控制。 因此目前比较先进的做法是, 如图 1 所示一种让使用者感知角度微调输入的中间装置, 包括一个与上述转轴 相关联同步转动的设有齿牙的旋转盘 101,弹簧 103将一个旋转的小轴 102始终 顶靠在旋转盘 101的齿牙上。 在旋转盘 101回转过程中, 小轴 102由齿谷转到 齿峰或由齿峰转到齿谷, 使弹簧收縮量发生变化, 产生弹性阻尼, 阻碍旋转, 从而让使用者在旋转摇把的过程中获得步进式的感受, 这样作弹簧 103 的弹性 阻尼作用, 转动脉冲发生器时可感受到转过的刻度, 进而知道输出脉冲数, 但 是这样作存在着全接触式的机械结构, 由于存在磨损, 因此会影响装置的使用 寿命的缺陷。
另外传统的手动脉冲发生器均无指示功能, 操作者在转动手动脉冲发生器 时, 通常无法知道是否有脉冲输出, 输出的脉冲个数是否与转动的刻度一致。 这样容易发生误操作, 严重时刻能损坏刀具, 造成重大损失; 同时也影响机床 的使用, 并因此降低了工作效率。 刀具或工件移动的距离与输出的脉冲个数成 正比, 刀具或工件需要移动距离越大, 则摇动手动脉冲发生器的圈数就越多, 需要的时间就较长, 同样也会降低工作效率。 而且现有技术的手动脉冲发生器
认本 当出现问题时只有与机床系统相关联才能检测, 这也带来了一个问题, 当机床 出现故障, 并且故障发生在手脉的情况下, 需要维修人员检査其他不相关的所 有元器件, 并且需要反复的将出现故障的手动脉冲发生器安装到系统中, 才能 最终确定问题的所在, 这也影响了检测和维修操作的工作效率。 所以急需一种 新型的手动脉冲的出现来解决以上不足。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足, 研制一种具有自检、 指示和微调状态感知功 能手动脉冲发生器。 其技术实现手段如下:
一种手动脉冲发生器, 包括转动脉冲输入单元, 其特征在于还包括中央处 理单元; 所述转动脉冲输入单元将输出信号传送至中央处理单元, 经过处理后 再经差分芯片输出控制信号, 同时中央处理单元还接有反馈回路对控制信号进 行采集, 实现开机自检测; 所述中央处理单元还连有正、 反转指示灯。
所述的转动脉冲输入单元包括手动旋转机构、 信号发生机构和磁力制动机 构: 所述手动旋转机构包括与转轴相关联的刻度盘;
所述信号发生机构包括固定于所述转轴与之同步转动的码盘以及用于监测 所述码盘的光电开关, 所述光电开关产生的电信号传送至所述中央处理单元; 所述磁力制动机构包括与刻度盘相关联且同步转动的铁碗和外环齿牙阻尼 片, 与所述外环齿牙阻尼片同心设置有一个固定不动的内环齿牙阻尼片; 所述 内、 外环齿牙阻尼片分别在外圈和内圈设置有中间留有间隙、 齿形相互对应, 齿数相等的齿牙; 所述内环齿牙阻尼片贴靠于环形磁铁的一侧, 所述磁铁的另 一侧通过铁碗与所述外环齿牙阻尼片相关联; 所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片均由导 磁材料构成, 从而所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片的齿牙上分别形成磁极 N和磁极 S, 且齿牙相邻处形成磁极的极性相反。
所述正、 反转指示灯安装在固定座上。
所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片均由若干阻尼片层叠而成。
一种手动脉冲发生器, 包括转动脉冲输入单元, 其特征在于还包括中央处 理单元、 按键信号输入单元; 所述转动脉冲输入单元和按键信号输入单元将输 出信号传送至中央处理单元, 经过处理后再经差分芯片输出控制信号, 同时中 央处理单元还接有反馈回路对控制信号进行采集, 实现开机自检测; 所述中央 处理单元还连有正、 反转指示灯。 所述的转动脉冲输入单元包括手动旋转机构、 信号发生机构和磁力制动机 构: 所述手动旋转机构包括与转轴相关联的刻度盘;
所述信号发生机构包括固定于所述转轴与之同步转动的码盘以及用于监测 所述码盘的光电开关, 所述光电开关产生的电信号传送至所述中央处理单元; 所述磁力制动机构包括与刻度盘相关联且同步转动的铁碗和外环齿牙阻尼 片, 与所述外环齿牙阻尼片同心设置有一个固定不动的内环齿牙阻尼片; 所述 内、 外环齿牙阻尼片分别在外圈和内圈设置有中间留有间隙、 齿形相互对应, 齿数相等的齿牙; 所述内环齿牙阻尼片贴靠于环形磁铁的一侧, 所述磁铁的另 一侧通过铁碗与所述外环齿牙阻尼片相关联; 所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片均由导 磁材料构成, 从而所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片的齿牙上分别形成磁极 N和磁极 S, 且齿牙相邻处形成磁极的极性相反。
所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片均由若干阻尼片层叠而成。
一种手动脉冲发生器的操作方法, 包括通过转动信号输入单元向中央处理 单元输入信号的步骤, 中央处理单元输出控制信号的操作步骤; 其特征在于, 还包括通过按键向中央处理单元输入信号的步骤, 最终所述中央处理单元输出 控制信号的操作步骤。
所述通过按键向中央处理单元输入信号的步骤包括当按键按下小于 0. 5秒 时, 在所述中央处理单元中形成一个脉冲信号用于实现所述控制信号的输出的 步骤; 当按键按下 0. 5秒到 2秒时, 在所述中央处理单元中形成以 10Hz频率输 出的脉冲信号的步骤; 当按键按下 2秒到 5秒时, 在所述中央处理单元中形成 以 100Hz频率输出的脉冲信号的步骤; 当按键按下 5秒以上时, 在所述中央处 理单元中形成以 lOOOHz频率输出的脉冲信号的步骤。
机床开机启动时, 所述控制信号反馈回所述中央处理单元实现自检测的操 作的步骤。
所述中央处理单元在控制信号输出状态下启动正转或反转指示灯用于指示 电机正、 反转状态。
通过上述技术方案, 本发明在内环齿牙阻尼片的外沿和外环齿牙阻尼片的 内沿产生锯齿形磁场, 两磁场形成阻尼作用, 通过调整内外环齿牙阻尼片的数 量可改变阻尼效果的强弱。 片数多, 阻尼效果强, 片数少, 阻尼效果弱。 从而 本发明带有齿牙的磁阻尼式手动旋转输入盘, 具有阻尼效果好, 易于感知, 转 动手感好的特点, 并且因采用非接触式结构, 较现有技术大大延长了使用寿命, 具有经久耐用的特点。
另外在手动脉冲发生器上安装控制器和指示灯, 弥补了现有技术中手动脉 冲发生器的缺点, 具有自检测功能, 在指示灯的辅助下, 使操作者在开启数控 机床时就能够知道手动脉冲发生器是否正常, 从而易于排除系统故障; 并且利 用指示灯的指示功能, 使操作者能够知道手动脉冲发生器是否有脉冲输出, 输 出的脉冲个数是否与转动的刻度一致, 增强了手动脉冲发生器的可靠性, 还有 本发明采用转动与按键两种方式输入脉冲, 在刀具或工件需要移动距离较大情 况下, 仅需利用按键, 即可实现控制信号的输出, 而无需再以传统的方式摇动 摇把上百圈, 费时费力, 因而大大减少了摇动时所浪费的时间, 还避免了误操 作, 降低故障发生率, 大大提高了工作效率。 由于其结构简单, 便于生产, 而 且成本低廉适于广泛推广。
附图说明
图 1为现有技术的旋转输入盘使用了弹簧阻尼原理的结构示意图; 图 2为本发明旋转输入盘使用了磁阻尼原理的结构示意图;
图 3为是图 2中的剖面图;
图 4为本发明机械结构示意图;
图 5为本发明设有指示灯的手动脉冲发生器的电路原理图;
图 6为本发明旋转与按键两用式手动脉冲发生器电路原理图;
图 7为本发明设有指示灯的手动脉冲发生器的面板结构示意图;
图 8为本发明转动与按键两用式手动脉冲发生器面板结构示意图; 图 5为本发明的说明书摘要附图。
图中: 3、 码盘, 4、 光电开关, 5、 转轴, 7、 电路板, 8、 刻度盘, 9、 铁碗, 10、 圆环形磁铁, 11、 内环齿牙阻尼片, 12、 外环齿牙阻尼片, 14、 固定座, 16、 间隙, 18、 中央处理单元, 101、 旋转盘, 102、 小 轴, 103、 弹簧, 111, 112、 齿牙, 801、 正转指示灯, 802、 反转指示 灯, 803、 正转按键, 804、 反转按键。
具体实施方式
实施例 1: 如图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 5、 图 7所示, 本发明设计的手动脉冲发 生器设有指示灯和自检电路, 主要由转动脉冲输入单元和中央处理单元 18 CPU 两部分组成。 其中, 中央处理单元 CPU 的功能主要包括将脉冲信号转化成用于 控制机床信号的功能、 控制指示灯的功能, 及开机自检功能, 图 7所示检测电 路、正转指示灯 801和反右转指示灯 802。检测电路在开机时用于检测手动脉冲 发生器电路部分是否正常, 在运行阶段指示灯用于检测手动脉冲发生器是否有 脉冲输出, 以及输出的是正向脉冲还是反向脉冲; 正转指示灯用于指示手动脉 冲发生器有正向脉冲输出; 反转指示灯用于指示手动脉冲发生器有反向脉冲输 出。如图 7所示,本发明的脉冲发生器在面板上设置的正、反转指示灯 801、 802。 指正、 反转指示灯 801、 802通过导线与中央处理单元 CPU相连 (如图 5所示)。
转动脉冲输入单元输出的信号传送至中央处理单元 18;中央处理单元 18通 过差分芯片输出用于在机床上实现刀具或工件移动或定位的控制信号。 在开始 启动状态下, 控制信号通过线路反馈回到中央处理单元 18内用于实现开机自检 测。 具体地说, 在手动脉冲发生器上电开机时进入自检测阶段。 如图 7所示, 将差分芯片输出的 A+和 B+信号取样反馈到 CPU, 然后对整个电路进行检测, 若 电路正常, 正转指示灯与反转指示灯同时亮 1 秒钟; 若电路不正常, 正转指示 灯与反转指示灯均熄灭。
自检测之后进入运行阶段, 当手动脉冲发生器发出正向脉冲时, 正转指示 灯闪烁, 反转指示灯熄灭; 当手动脉冲发生器发出反向脉冲时, 反转指示灯闪 烁, 正转指示灯熄灭; 当手动脉冲发生器无脉冲发出时, 正转指示灯和反转指 示灯均熄灭。 当手动脉冲发生器输出脉冲频率较高时, 指示灯闪烁的频率也会 较高, 致使肉眼无法观察到指示灯在闪烁, 因此当手动脉冲发生器输出脉冲频 率较高时,指示灯以手动脉冲发生器输出脉冲频率的 n (n是自然数)分频闪烁。
如图 4所示, 结合图 2和 3原理说明转动单元的结构。 可以看到, 导磁材 料层叠构成的内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 11、 12和环形磁铁 10, 内环齿牙阻尼片 11 与外环齿牙阻尼片 12同心设置, 内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 11、 12分别在外圈和内 圈设置有中间留有间隙、 齿形相互对应、 齿数相等的齿牙 111, 112。
其中, 主动的刻度盘 8和从动的转轴 13相关联, 在刻度盖 8的内部固定了 外环齿牙阻尼片 12和一个铁碗 9,铁碗 9主要用于将磁铁 10的磁力传导到外环 齿牙阻尼片 12。 尽管图中铁碗 9与磁铁 10之间存在间隙 16, 但该间隙由于较 小, 可以实现导磁。 此外, 内环齿牙阻尼片 11和环形磁铁 10固定在一个固定 座 14上。 这样设置使得内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 11、 12的齿牙上分别形成磁极 N 和磁极 S或者相反的磁极方式设置。 当转动刻度盘 8时, 外环齿牙阻尼片 12就 会随之做同心旋转, 外环齿牙阻尼片 12与内环齿牙阻尼片 11产生相对运动, 依据上面所述的原理转动时可以感受到 "咔咔"的感觉, 进而感知转过的刻度。 此外, 图 2中, 还包括与转轴 5—起做同心旋转的码盘 3, 以及用于检测转动状 态的光电开关 4。 由于码盘 3上刻有均匀分布的狭缝, 在其旋转时光电开关 4即 可输出所需的脉冲, 输出脉冲的个数与码盘 3 转过的角度成正比。 光电开关 4 产生的电信号传送至电路板 7上的中央处理单元。
为了便于改变磁阻尼的大小, 内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 11、 12均由若干阻尼片 层叠而成; 片数多, 阻尼效果强, 片数少, 阻尼效果弱。 而且上述磁铁还可以 设置在内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 11、 12的两侧, 只要能够保证内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 11、 12的齿牙之间形成相对应的磁极 N和 S即可。
实施例 2: 如图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 6、 图 8所示, 本发明还可设有转动与按 键两用式手动脉冲发生器。 本发明主要由转动信号输入单元、 按键信号输入单 元和中央处理单元 18 CPU三部分组成, 中央处理单元 18 CPU的功能主要包括 将按键输入信号转成脉冲信号、 将脉冲信号转化成用于控制机床信号的功能, 以及选择电路的功能和其他辅助操作的功能。 当转动信号发生单元有脉冲输出, 而按键单元无输出时, 选择电路将转动单元产生的脉冲输出; 当按键单元有输 出, 而转动单元无输出时, 选择电路将按键单元产生的脉冲输出; 当转动单元 有输出时再按下按键, 按键无效; 当按键发生单元有输出时再摇动转动脉冲单 元, 转动单元无效; 当转动单元和按键单元均有输出或均没有输出时, 选择电 路控制手动脉冲发生器不输出脉冲。
如图 6所示, 转动信号输入单元和按键信号输入单元输出的信号传送至中 央处理单元; 中央处理单元 18通过差分芯片输出用于在机床上实现刀具或工件 移动或定位的控制信号。 如图 8所示, 本发明的脉冲发生器在机械结构上包括 转动单元和按键单元两部分, 按键单元由正、 反转按键 803, 804构成, 因此, 中央处理单元 18 CPU还连接有正、 反转指示灯 801、 802 (如图 6)。 按键的操 作可以进一步功能化为: 当按下正转按键 803 时, 脉冲发生器输出正向脉冲; 当按下反转按键时, 脉冲发生器输出反向脉冲 804; 当同时按下正转按键和反转 按键时,.则脉冲发生器不输出脉冲。 短时 (小于 0. 5秒) 按下按键时只输出一 个脉冲; 按键按下 0. 5秒到 2秒时以 10Hz频率输出脉冲信号, 按键按下 2秒到 5秒时以 100Hz频率输出脉冲信号, 按键按下 5秒以上时以 1000Hz频率输出脉 冲信号。
本发明的手动脉冲发生器可以以下两种方式操作。 即, 通过转动信号输入 单元向中央处理单元输入信号, 最终中央处理单元输出控制信号; 或者通过按 键向中央处理单元输入信号, 最终中央处理单元输出控制信号的操作步骤。 其 中转动信号输入单元向中央处理单元输入信号及机械结构如实施例 1。
以上所述, 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局 限于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 根据本 发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护 范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种手动脉冲发生器, 包括转动脉冲输入单元, 其特征在于还包括中央 处理单元(18); 所述转动脉冲输入单元将输出信号传送至中央处理单元(18), 经过处理后再经差分芯片输出控制信号, 同时中央处理单元 (18 ) 还接有反馈 回路对控制信号进行采集, 实现开机自检测; 所述中央处理单元 (18) 还连有 正、 反转指示灯 (801、 802 )。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的手动脉冲发生器, 其特征在于所述的转动脉冲输 入单元包括手动旋转机构、 信号发生机构和磁力制动机构:
所述手动旋转机构包括与转轴 (5) 相关联的刻度盘 (8);
所述信号发生机构包括固定于所述转轴 (5 ) 与之同步转动的码盘 (3 ) 以 及用于监测所述码盘 (3 ) 的光电开关 (4), 所述光电开关 (4) 产生的电信号 传送至所述中央处理单元 (18);
所述磁力制动机构包括与刻度盘 (8) 相关联且同步转动的铁碗 (9 ) 和外 环齿牙阻尼片 (12), 与所述外环齿牙阻尼片 (12) 同心设置有一个固定不动的 内环齿牙阻尼片 (11 ); 所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 (11、 12) 分别在外圈和内圈 设置有中间留有间隙、 齿形相互对应, 齿数相等的齿牙 (111、 112); 所述内环 齿牙阻尼片 (11 ) 贴靠于环形磁铁 (10 ) 的一侧, 所述磁铁 (10) 的另一侧通 过铁碗(9)与所述外环齿牙阻尼片(12)相关联;所述内、外环齿牙阻尼片(11、 12 ) 均由导磁材料构成, 从而所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 (11、 12 ) 的齿牙上分 别形成磁极 N和磁极 S, 且齿牙 (111、 112) 相邻处形成磁极的极性相反。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的手动脉冲发生器, 其特征在于所述正、 反转 指示灯 (801、 802) 安装在固定座 (14) 上。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的手动脉冲发生器, 其特征在于所述内、 外环齿牙 阻尼片 (11、 12) 均由若干阻尼片层叠而成。
5、 一种手动脉冲发生器, 包括转动脉冲输入单元, 其特征在于还包括中央 处理单元 (18)、 按键信号输入单元; 所述转动脉冲输入单元和按键信号输入单 元将输出信号传送至中央处理单元(18), 经过处理后再经差分芯片输出控制信 号, 同时中央处理单元 (18) 还接有反馈回路对控制信号进行采集, 实现开机 自检测; 所述中央处理单元 (18) 还连有正、 反转指示灯 (801、 802)。 .
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的手动脉冲发生器, 其特征在于所述的转动脉冲输 入单元包括手动旋转机构、 信号发生机构和磁力制动机构:
所述手动旋转机构包括与转轴 (5) 相关联的刻度盘 (8);
所述信号发生机构包括固定于所述转轴 (5) 与之同步转动的码盘 (3 ) 以 及用于监测所述码盘 (3 ) 的光电开关 (4), 所述光电开关 (4)产生的电信号 传送至所述中央处理单元 (18);
所述磁力制动机构包括与刻度盘 (8) 相关联且同步转动的铁碗 (9) 和外 环齿牙阻尼片 (12), 与所述外环齿牙阻尼片 (12) 同心设置有一个固定不动的 内环齿牙阻尼片 (11 ); 所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 (11、 12) 分别在外圈和内圈 设置有中间留有间隙、 齿形相互对应, 齿数相等的齿牙 (111、 112); 所述内环 齿牙阻尼片 (11 ) 贴靠于环形磁铁 (10) 的一侧, 所述磁铁 (10) 的另一侧通 过铁碗(9)与所述外环齿牙阻尼片(12)相关联;所述内、外环齿牙阻尼片(11、 12 ) 均由导磁材料构成, 从而所述内、 外环齿牙阻尼片 (11、 12) 的齿牙上分 别形成磁极 N和磁极 S, 且齿牙 (111、 112) 相邻处形成磁极的极性相反。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的手动脉冲发生器, 其特征在于所述内、 外环齿牙 阻尼片 (11、 12) 均由若干阻尼片层叠而成。
8、 一种手动脉冲发生器的操作方法, 包括通过转动信号输入单元向中央处 理单元 (18) 输入信号的步骤, 中央处理单元 (18) 输出控制信号的操作步骤; 其特征在于, 还包括通过按键向中央处理单元 (18) 输入信号的步骤, 最终所 述中央处理单元 (18) 输出控制信号的操作步骤。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述手动脉冲发生器的操作方法, 其特征在于所述通过 按键向中央处理单元输入信号的步骤包括当按键按下小于 0. 5秒时, 在所述中 央处理单元中形成一个脉冲信号用于实现所述控制信号的输出的步骤; 当按键 按下 0. 5秒到 2秒时, 在所述中央处理单元中形成以 10Hz频率输出的脉冲信号 的步骤; 当按键按下 2秒到 5秒时, 在所述中央处理单元中形成以 100Hz频率 输出的脉冲信号的步骤; 当按键按下 5秒以上时, 在所述中央处理单元中形成 以 1000Hz频率输出的脉冲信号的步骤。
10、 根据权利要求 8或 9所述手动脉冲发生器的操作方法, 其特征在于机 床开机启动时, 所述控制信号反馈回所述中央处理单元 (18) 实现自检测的操 作的步骤。
11、 根据权利要求 8所述手动脉冲发生器的操作方法, 其特征在于所述中 央处理单元在控制信号输出状态下启动正转或反转指示灯用于指示电机正、 反 转状态。
PCT/CN2007/003185 2007-01-15 2007-11-12 Générateur d'impulsions manuel bi-mode à main et à bouton-poussoir équipé d'indicateurs lumineux intégrés WO2008086679A1 (fr)

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US12/522,536 US8299780B2 (en) 2007-01-15 2007-11-12 Hand and press-button dual-way manual pulse generator with built-in indicator lamps
JP2009545795A JP5149306B2 (ja) 2007-01-15 2007-11-12 作りつけの表示ランプを有する手動式および押ボタン式両用の手動パルス発生器

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CNB2007100100599A CN100475441C (zh) 2007-01-15 2007-01-15 手摇与按键两用式手动脉冲发生器及其操作方法
CNU2007200101309U CN201002198Y (zh) 2007-01-15 2007-01-15 带有齿牙的磁阻尼式手动旋转输入盘
CN200710010064.X 2007-01-15
CNU2007200101296U CN201009117Y (zh) 2007-01-15 2007-01-15 设有指示灯的手动脉冲发生器
CNB200710010064XA CN100450710C (zh) 2007-01-15 2007-01-15 设有指示灯的手动脉冲发生器
CN200720010130.9 2007-01-15
CN200710010059.9 2007-01-15
CN200720010129.6 2007-01-15
CN 200720010266 CN200995344Y (zh) 2007-01-24 2007-01-24 手摇与按键两用式手动脉冲发生器
CN200720010266.X 2007-01-24

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