Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
  • D01F1/106—Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08L23/06—Polyethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
  • C08L23/12—Polypropene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
  • C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
  • C08L9/08—Latex
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/04—Pigments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
  • D01F6/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins from polypropylene
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D01F6/30—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising olefins as the major constituent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
  • D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
  • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
  • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2201/00—Properties
  • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
  • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
  • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/22—Physical properties protective against sunlight or UV radiation
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
  • D10B2505/202—Artificial grass

Definitions

• Multifilament monofilament, non-woven or tape
• the present invention relates to a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape, each having 1 to 2000 Denier per filament and a draw ratio of 1 :2 to 1 :1 1 and each made of a composition containing a polyolefin, two specific sterically hindered amine compounds and optionally an inorganic and/or an organic pigment, as well as to an article made of the multifilament, the monofilament, the non-woven or the tape.
• Stabilizer mixtures containing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine derivatives are described for example in US-A-2005/049,336, US-A-6,747,077, EP-A-1 ,338,622 and EP-A-1 ,077,227.
• the present invention relates to a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape, each having 1 to 2000 Denier per filament, preferably 1 to 1000 Denier per filament, in particular 1 to 500 Denier per filament, and a draw ratio of 1 :2 to 1 : 11 , preferably 1 :3 to 1 :8, in particular 1 :3 to 1 :6, and each made of a composition containing the components
• E is hydrogen, d-C 4 alkyl, d-Ci 8 alkoxy, cyclohexyloxy, C 2 -C 2 oalkanoyloxy or a group -0-E 1 -OH wherein E 1 is C 2 -C 18 alkylene or cyclohexylene or -E 1 -OH is a group -C(C 6 H 5 )(H)CH 2 -OH;
• 0I 1 is 1 or 2
• E 2 is CrC 25 alkyl or a group , if 0I 1 is 2, E 2 is CrC 14 alkylene;
• Ri, R 3 , R 4 and R 5 independently of one another are hydrogen, d-C ⁇ alkyl, C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl, Ci-C 4 -alkyl-substituted C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl which is substituted by -OH and/or Ci-Cioalkyl; C 7 -C 9 phenylalkyl, C 7 -C 9 phenylalkyl which is substituted on the phenyl radical by -OH and/or Ci-Cioalkyl; or a group of the formula (c-l)
• R 2 is C 2 -Ci 8 alkylene, C 5 -C 7 cycloalkylene or Ci-C 4 alkylenedi(C 5 -C 7 cycloalkylene), or the radicals Ri, R 2 and R 3 , together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are bonded, form a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring, or
• R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a 5- to
• R 6 is hydrogen, C r C 8 alkyl, O ' , -OH, -CH 2 CN, d-Ci 8 alkoxy, C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkoxy, C 3 -C 6 alkenyl,
• R 7 and Rn independently of one another are hydrogen or d-C ⁇ alkyl
• R 8 , Rg and Ri 0 independently of one another are C 2 -Ci 0 alkylene, and
• Xi, X2, X ⁇ , X 4 , X5, X ⁇ , X7 and X 8 independently of one another are a group of the formula
• R 12 is hydrogen, d-C ⁇ alkyl, C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl, d-C 4 alkyl-substituted C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl, phenyl, -OH- and/or d-Ci O alkyl-substituted phenyl, d-C 9 phenylalkyl, d-C 9 phenylalkyl which is substituted on the phenyl radical by -OH and/or d-d o alkyl; or a group of the formula (c-l) as defined above, and R- I 3 has one of the meanings of Re',
• b 2 is a number from 2 to 50;
• the radicals Ri 4 independently of one another are C 2 -Ci 0 alkylene;
• the radicals Ri 5 independently of one another are hydrogen, d-C ⁇ alkyl, C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl, phenyl or C 7 -C 9 phenylalkyl, and the radicals Ri 6 independently of one another have one of the meanings of R 6 ;
• Ri7 and R 21 independently of one another are a direct bond or a -N(X 9 )-CO-Xi 0 -CO-N(Xn)- group, where X 9 and Xn independently of one another are hydrogen, d-C 8 alkyl,
• X 1 0 is a direct bond or d-C 4 alkylene
• R 1 8 has one of the meanings of R 6 ,
• Ri 9 , R 20 , R 2 3 and R 24 independently of one another are hydrogen, d-C 3 oalkyl,
• R 22 is hydrogen, d-C 3 oalkyl, C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl, phenyl, d-C 9 phenylalkyl or a group of the formula (c-l), and b 3 is a number from 1 to 50; or
• E is in particular a group -0-E 1 -OH.
• a non-woven is in particular a spun bonded or carded web (e.g. needle punched, non- bonded, chemically bonded or hydroentangled) made of staple fibers.
• Preferred is a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape, containing the components (A), (B), (C) and (D).
• component (A) examples are:
• Polymers of monoolefins and diolefins for example polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybut-1-ene, poly-4-methylpent-1-ene, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, as well as polymers of cycloolefins, for instance of cyclopentene or norbornene, polyethylene (which optionally can be crosslinked), for example high density polyethylene (HDPE), high density and high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-HMW), high density and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), branched low density polyethylene (BLDPE).
• HDPE high density polyethylene
• HDPE-HMW high density and high molecular weight polyethylene
• HDPE-UHMW high density and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene
• MDPE medium density polyethylene
• LDPE low density polyethylene
• LLDPE linear low density
• Polyolefins i.e. the polymers of monoolefins exemplified in the preceding paragraph, preferably polyethylene and polypropylene, can be prepared by different, and especially by the following, methods:
• a catalyst that normally contains one or more than one metal of groups IVb, Vb, VIb or VIII of the Periodic Table.
• These metals usually have one or more than one ligand, typically oxides, halides, alcoholates, esters, ethers, amines, alkyls, alkenyls and/or aryls that may be either ⁇ - or ⁇ -coordinated.
• These metal complexes may be in the free form or fixed on substrates, typically on activated magnesium chloride, titanium(lll) chloride, alumina or silicon oxide.
• These catalysts may be soluble or insoluble in the polymerisation medium.
• the catalysts can be used by themselves in the polymerisation or further activators may be used, typically metal alkyls, metal hydrides, metal alkyl halides, metal alkyl oxides or metal alkyloxanes, said metals being elements of groups Ia, Na and/or Ilia of the Periodic Table.
• the activators may be modified conveniently with further ester, ether, amine or silyl ether groups.
• These catalyst systems are usually termed Phillips, Standard Oil Indiana, Ziegler (-Natta), TNZ (DuPont), metallocene or single site catalysts (SSC).
• Mixtures of the polymers mentioned under 1 for example mixtures of polypropylene with polyisobutylene, polypropylene with polyethylene (for example PP/HDPE, PP/LDPE) and mixtures of different types of polyethylene (for example LDPE/HDPE).
• Copolymers of monoolefins and diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers for example ethylene/propylene copolymers, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and mixtures thereof with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene/but-1-ene copolymers, propylene/isobutylene copolymers, ethylene/but-1-ene copolymers, ethylene/hexene copo- lymers, ethylene/methylpentene copolymers, ethylene/heptene copolymers, ethylene/octene copolymers, propylene/butadiene copolymers, isobutylene/isoprene copolymers, ethy- lene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers and their copolymers with carbon monoxide or ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers and
• polystyrene resin polystyrene resin
• polypropylene polypropylene
• an ethylene copolymer or a propylene copolymer or mixtures thereof are particularly preferred.
• alkyl having up to 30 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1 ,3-dimethyl- butyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, 1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylheptyl, 3- methylheptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1 ,1 ,3-trimethylhexyl, 1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethylpentyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, 1-methylundecyl, dodecyl, 1 ,1 ,3,3,5,5
• alkoxy having up to 18 carbon atoms examples include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, pentoxy, isopentoxy, hexoxy, heptoxy, octoxy, decyloxy, dodecyloxy, tetradecyloxy, hexadecyloxy and octadecyloxy.
• One of the preferred meanings of Re and R 1 3 is propoxy.
• C 2 -C 2 oalkanoyloxy examples include methanoyloxy, ethanoyloxy, propanoyloxy, butanoyloxy, pentanoyloxy, hexanoyloxy, heptanoyloxy, octanoyloxy, nonanoyloxy and decanoyloxy.
• C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl examples are cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl and cyclododecyl.
• Ci-C 4 Alkyl-substituted C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkyl is for example methylcyclohexyl or dimethylcyclohexyl.
• C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkoxy examples are cyclopentoxy, cyclohexoxy, cycloheptoxy, cyclooctoxy, cyclodecyloxy and cyclododecyloxy.
• -OH- and/or d-Ci O alkyl-substituted phenyl is for example methylphenyl, dimethylphenyl, trimethylphenyl, tert-butylphenyl or 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl.
• Cr-Cgphenylalkyl examples include benzyl and phenylethyl.
• Cr-CgPhenylalkyl which is substituted on the phenyl radical by -OH and/or by alkyl having up to 10 carbon atoms is for example methylbenzyl, dimethylbenzyl, trimethylbenzyl, tert- butylbenzyl or 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl.
• alkenyl having up to 6 carbon atoms examples include allyl, 2-methallyl, butenyl, pentenyl and hexenyl. Allyl is preferred.
• the carbon atom in position 1 is preferably saturated.
• acyl containing not more than 8 carbon atoms are formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, heptanoyl, octanoyl, acryloyl, methacryloyl and benzoyl.
• Ci-C 8 Alkanoyl, C 3 -C 8 alkenoyl and benzoyl are preferred.
• Acetyl and acryloyl are especially preferred.
• alkylene having up to 18 carbon atoms examples include methylene, ethylene, propylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, 2,2-dimethyltrimethylene, hexamethylene, trimethylhexamethylene and octamethylene.
• C 5 -C 7 cycloalkylene is cyclohexylene.
• Ci-C 4 alkylenedi(C5-C 7 cycloalkylene) is methylenedicyclohexylene.
• this ring is for example
• a 6-membered heterocyclic ring is preferred.
• radicals R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring
• this ring is for example 1 -pyrrolidyl, piperidino, morpholino, 1 -piperazinyl, 4-methyl-1 -piperazinyl, 1 -hexahydroazepinyl, 5,5,7-trimethyl-1 - homopiperazinyl or 4,5,5,7-tetramethyl-1 -homopiperazinyl.
• Morpholino is particularly preferred.
• Ri 9 and R 23 is phenyl.
• bi is preferably a number from 2 to 25, in particular 2 to 20.
• b 2 is preferably a number from 2 to 20, in particular 2 to 10.
• b ⁇ is preferably a number from 1 to 25, in particluar 1 to 20.
• b 4 and b 4 * are preferably a number from 2 to 25, in particular 2 to 20.
• components (B) and (C) are essentially known and commercially available. All of them can be prepared by known methods.
• Component (B) is for example DASTIB 845 (RTM), ADK Stab LA 81 (RTM), TINUVIN 770 (RTM) or TINUVIN 123 (RTM).
• Component (C) is preferably selected from the group consisting of the following commercial products:
• CHIMASSORB 944 (RTM), CHIMASSORB 2020 (RTM), CYASORB UV 3346 (RTM), CYASORB UV 3529 (RTM), DASTIB 1082 (RTM), CHIMASSORB 1 19 (RTM), UVASORB
• HA 88 (RTM), UVINUL 5050 H (RTM), LICHTSCHUTZSTOFF UV 31 (RTM), LUCHEM HA B 18 (RTM) and HOSTAVIN N 30 (RTM).
• terminal groups which saturate the free valences in the compounds of the formulae (C-1 ), (C-3), (C-4), (C-5-a) and (C-5-b) depend on the processes used for their preparation.
• the terminal groups can also be modified after the preparation of the compounds.
• X is halogen, it is advantageous to replace this, for example, by -OH or an amino group when the reaction is complete.
• amino groups which may be mentioned are pyrrolidin-1-yl, morpholino, -NH 2 , -N(Ci-C8)alkyl) 2 and -NR(Ci-C8alkyl), in which R is hydrogen or a group of the formula (c-l).
• the compounds of the formula (C-1 ) also cover compounds of the formula
• R 1 , R 2 , R3, R 4 , R5 and bi are as defined above and R 4 * has one of the meanings of R 4 and R 5 * has one of the meanings of R 5 .
• One of the particularly preferred compounds of the formula (C-1 ) is H
• the terminal group bonded to the triazine radical is, for example, Cl or a
• the terminal group bonded to the amino radical is, for example, hydrogen or a
• the terminal group bonded to the 2,5-dioxopyrrolidine ring is, for example, hydrogen
• the terminal group bonded to the -C(R 2 3)(R 24 )- radical is, for example,
• the terminal group bonded to the nitrogen can be, for example, hydrogen and the terminal group bonded to the 2-hydroxypropylene radical can be, for example, a
• the terminal group bonded to the dimethylene radical can be, for example, -OH, and the terminal group bonded to the oxygen can be, for example, hydrogen.
• the terminal groups can also be polyether radicals.
• inorganic pigments are titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc ferrite, carbon black, cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, lead oxide, lead chromates, bismuth vanadate and so on.
• TiO 2 is one of the preferred examples of component (D).
• organic pigments examples include azo and azo-condensation pigments, anthraquinones, phthalocyanines, tetrachloroisoindolinones, quinacridones, isoindolines, perylenes, pyrrolopyrroles (such as Pigment Red 254), metal complex pigments and so on.
• AII pigments described in "Gachter/M ⁇ ller: Plastics Additives Handbook, 3rd Edition, Hanser Publishers, Kunststoff Vienna New York", page 647 to 659, point 11.2.1.1 to 1 1.2.4.2 can be used as component (D).
• organic pigments examples include: C.I. Pigment Yellow 93, C.I. Pigment Yellow 95, C.I. Pigment Yellow 109; C.I. Pigment
• Pigment Yellow 150 C.I. Pigment Yellow 155, C.I. Pigment Yellow 162, C.I. Pigment Yellow
• Pigment Red 44 C.I. Pigment Red 170, C.I. Pigment Red 202, C.I. Pigment Red 214, C.I. Pigment Red 254, C.I. Pigment Red 264, C.I. Pigment Red 272, C.I. Pigment Red 283, C.I.
• C.I. Pigment Yellow 93 and C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3 are particularly preferred.
• a further example of a yellow pigment which can be used according to the present invention is Pigment Yellow 108.
• a red pigment such as e.g. Ciba ® CROMOPHTAL ® Red BNFP (RTM), a yellow pigment such as e.g. Ciba ® CROMOPHTAL ® Yellow 3GNP (RTM) or a blue pigment such as e.g. Ciba ® CROMOPHTAL ® Blue 4GNP (RTM) is also preferred as component (D).
• Component (B) is preferably a compound of the formula (B-1-a-0), (B-1-a-1 ), (B-1-a-2), (B-1-a-3) or (B-1-b); wherein the radicals E are identical and are hydrogen, methyl, octyloxy or cyclohexyloxy.
• the compound of the formula (B-1 -a-1 ) is of particular interest.
• Component (C) is preferably a compound of the formula (C-1-a), (C-1-b), (C-1-c), (C-1-d), (C-2-a), (C-3-a), (C-4-a), (C-4-b), (C-4-c), (C-5-a) or (C-5-b);
• bi is a number from 2 to 20 and
• R 6 is hydrogen, Ci-C 8 alkyl, O-, -OH, -CH 2 CN, d-Ci 8 alkoxy, C 5 -Ci 2 cycloalkoxy, C 3 -C 6 alkenyl,
• Ci-C 8 acyl wherein R 13 has one of the meanings of R 6 ;
• b 3 is a number from 1 to 20 and Ri 8 has one of the meanings of R 6 ;
• D 4 and D 4 * are a number from 2 to 20.
• the radicals R 6 , R 1 3, R 1 6 and Ri 8 are preferably hydrogen, Ci-C 4 alkyl or Ci-C 4 alkoxy.
• a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape according to claim 1 , wherein component (B) is a compound of the formula (B-1-a-1 )
• component (C) is a compound of the formula (C-1-b-1 ).
• a further preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape as defined above, containing as additional component (E) an UV absorber.
• the UV absorber of component (E) is preferably a 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, a 2- hydroxybenzophenone, an ester of substituted or unsubstituted benzoic acid, an acrylate, an oxamide, a 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1 ,3,5-triazine, a monobenzoate of resorcinol or a formamidine.
• the 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole is for example 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzo- triazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphe- nyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-(1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di- tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl- 2'-hydroxy-5'-methyl- phenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, 2-(3'-sec-butyl-5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-4
• the 2-hydroxybenzophenone is for example the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octyloxy, 4-decyl- oxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy or 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy derivatives. 2-Hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone is preferred.
• the ester of a substituted or unsubstituted benzoic acid is for example 4-tert-butyl-phenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoyl resorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylben- zoyl) resorcinol, benzoyl resorcinol, 2,4-di-tertbutylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzo- ate, hexadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy- benzoate or 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
• the acrylate is for example ethyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ , ⁇ -diphenylacrylate, isooctyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ , ⁇ -di- phenylacrylate, methyl ⁇ -carbomethoxycinnamate, methyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -methyl-p-methoxy- cinnamate, butyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -methyl-p-methoxy-cinnamate, methyl ⁇ -carbomethoxy-p- methoxycinnamate or N-( ⁇ -carbomethoxy- ⁇ -cyanovinyl)-2-methylindoline.
• the oxamide is for example 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'-diethoxyoxanilide, 2,2'-dioctyloxy- 5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxamide, 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-ethoxanilide or its mixture with 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert-butoxanilide or mixtures of ortho- and para-methoxy— disubstituted oxanilides or mixtures of o- and p-ethoxy-disubstituted oxanilides.
• the 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1 ,3,5-triazine is for example 2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) ⁇ 1 ,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2- (2, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-propyl- oxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(4- methylphenyl)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-
• the monobenzoate of resorcinol is for example the compound of the formula
• the formamidine is for example the compound of the formula
• the UV absorber of component (E) is preferably a
• the multifilament, the monofilament, the non-woven or the tape according to the present invention may optionally contain one or more conventional additives.
• Examples are: 1.
• Alkylthiomethylphenols for example 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dioctyl- thiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-dodecylthiomethyl-4- nonylphenol.
• Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxy- phenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octade- cyloxyphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-bu- tyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl stearate, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hy- droxyphenyl) adipate.
• 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxy- phenol 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amyl
• Tocopherols for example ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol and mixtures thereof (vitamin E).
• Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers for example 2,2'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-2- methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(3,6-di-sec-amylphenol), 4,4'-bis(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)- disulfide.
• 2,2'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-2- methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(3,6-di-sec-amylphenol), 4,4'-bis(2,6
• Alkylidenebisphenols for example 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'- methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[4-methyl-6-( ⁇ -methylcyclohexyl)- phenol], 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-nonyl-4- methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-tert-butyl- phenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[6-( ⁇ -methylben- zyl)-4-nonylphenol], 2,2'-methylenebis[6-( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyl
• Hydroxybenzylated malonates for example dioctadecyl-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hy- droxybenzyl)malonate, di-octadecyl-2-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)malonate, di- dodecylmercaptoethyl-2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate, bis[4-(1 ,1 ,3,3-te- tramethylbutyl)phenyl]-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate.
• dioctadecyl-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hy- droxybenzyl)malonate di-octadecyl-2-(3-tert-butyl-4-
• Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds for example 1 ,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1 ,4-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrame- thylbenzene, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phenol.
• Triazine compounds for example 2,4-bis(octylmercapto)-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy- anilino)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-1 ,3,5-tri- azine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1 ,2,3-triazine, 1 ,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyben- zyl)isocyanurate, 1 ,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl
• Benzylphosphonates for example dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphospho- nate, diethyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hy- droxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl-S-tert-butyM-hydroxy-S-methylbenzylphosphonate, the calcium salt of the monoethyl ester of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid.
• Acylaminophenols for example 4-hydroxylauranilide, 4-hydroxystearanilide, octyl N- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate.
• esters of ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hvdroxyphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g. with methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9- nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethy- lene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hy- droxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylol- propane, 4-hydroxy
• esters of ⁇ -(5-tert-butyl-4-hvdroxy-3-methylphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g. with methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis- (hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethyl- olpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1 -phos
• esters of ⁇ -(3,5-dicvclohexyl-4-hvdroxyphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g. with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)ox- amide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hy- droxymethyl-1 -phospha-2,6,7-trio
• esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hvdroxyphenyl acetic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g. with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)ox- amide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hy- droxymethyl-i-phospha ⁇ j-trioxabicyclop ⁇
• Aminic antioxidants for example N,N'-di-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-sec-bu- tyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1 ,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-ethyl-3- methylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-methylheptyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-dicy- clohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(2-naphthyl)-p- phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-(1 ,3-dimethylbutyl
• 2-(2'-Hvdroxyphenyl)benzotriazoles for example 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzo- triazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphe- nyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-(1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di- tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphe- nyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, 2-(3'-sec-butyl-5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'
• 2-Hvdroxybenzophenones for example the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octyloxy, 4-decyl- oxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy and 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy derivatives.
• Esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids for example 4-tert-butyl-phenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoyl resorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylben- zoyl)resorcinol, benzoyl resorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzo- ate, hexadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyben- zoate, 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
• Acrylates for example ethyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ , ⁇ -diphenylacrylate, isooctyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ , ⁇ -diphe- nylacrylate, methyl ⁇ -carbomethoxycinnamate, methyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -methyl-p-methoxycinna- mate, butyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -methyl-p-methoxy-cinnamate, methyl ⁇ -carbomethoxy-p-methoxycin- namate, N-( ⁇ -carbomethoxy- ⁇ -cyanovinyl)-2-methylindoline, neopentyl tetra( ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ , ⁇ -di- phenylacrylate.
• Nickel compounds for example nickel complexes of 2,2'-thio-bis[4-(1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethyl- butyl)phenol], such as the 1 :1 or 1 :2 complex, with or without additional ligands such as n- butylamine, triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel salts of the monoalkyl esters, e.g. the methyl or ethyl ester, of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert- butylbenzylphosphonic acid, nickel complexes of ketoximes, e.g. of 2-hydroxy-4-methylphe- nylundecylketoxime, nickel complexes of 1-phenyl-4-lauroyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, with or without additional ligands.
• additional ligands such as n- butylamine, triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldi
• Sterically hindered amines for example carbonic acid bis(1-undecyloxy-2, 2,6,6- tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)ester, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate, bis(2, 2,6,6- tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)succinate, bis(1 ,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate, bis(1- octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate, bis(1 ,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) n- butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmalonate, the condensate of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and succinic acid, linear or cyclic condensates of N,N'
• Oxamides for example 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'-diethoxyoxanilide, 2,2'-dioctyloxy- 5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxamide, 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-ethoxanilide and its mixture with 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert-butoxanilide, mixtures of o- and p-methoxy-disubstituted oxanilides and mixtures of o- and p-ethoxy-disubstituted oxanilides.
• Metal deactivators for example N,N'-diphenyloxamide, N-salicylal-N'-salicyloyl hydrazine, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)hydrazine, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1 ,2,4-triazole, bis(benzylidene)oxalyl dihydrazide, oxanilide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenylhydrazide, N,N'-diacetyladipoyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(salicyl- oyl)oxalyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)thiopropionyl dihydrazide.
• Phosphites and phosphonites for example triphenyl phosphite, diphenylalkyl phosphites, phenyldialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearylpentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di- cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphos
• Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (lrgafos ® 168, Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc.), tris(no- nylphenyl) phosphite,
• Hydroxylamines for example N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, N, N- dioctylhydroxylamine, N,N-dilaurylhydroxylamine, N,N-ditetradecylhydroxylamine, N, N- dihexadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dioctadecylhydroxylamine, N-hexadecyl-N-octadecylhydrox- ylamine, N-heptadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine derived from hydrogenated tallow amine.
• Nitrones for example, N-benzyl-alpha-phenylnitrone, N-ethyl-alpha-methylnitrone, N-octyl- alpha-heptylnitrone, N-lauryl-alpha-undecylnitrone, N-tetradecyl-alpha-tridecylnnitrone, N- hexadecyl-alpha-pentadecylnitrone, N-octadecyl-alpha-heptadecylnitrone, N-hexadecyl-al- pha-heptadecylnitrone, N-ocatadecyl-alpha-pentadecylnitrone, N-heptadecyl-alpha-hepta- decylnitrone, N-octadecyl-alpha-hexadecylnitrone, nitrone derived from N
• Thiosynergists for example dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimistryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate or distearyl disulfide.
• Peroxide scavengers for example esters of ⁇ -thiodipropionic acid, for example the lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercapto- benzimidazole, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis( ⁇ - dodecylmercapto)propionate.
• esters of ⁇ -thiodipropionic acid for example the lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters
• mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercapto- benzimidazole zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate
• dioctadecyl disulfide pentaerythritol tetrakis( ⁇ - dodecyl
• Polyamide stabilizers for example copper salts in combination with iodides and/or phosphorus compounds and salts of divalent manganese.
• Basic co-stabilizers for example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zinc pyrocatecholate.
• Basic co-stabilizers for example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium ric
• Nucleating agents for example inorganic substances, such as talcum, metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, phosphates, carbonates or sulfates of, preferably, alkaline earth metals; organic compounds, such as mono- or polycarboxylic acids and the salts thereof, e.g. 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodium succinate or sodium benzoate; polymeric compounds, such as ionic copolymers (ionomers).
• inorganic substances such as talcum, metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, phosphates, carbonates or sulfates of, preferably, alkaline earth metals
• organic compounds such as mono- or polycarboxylic acids and the salts thereof, e.g. 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodium succinate or sodium benzoate
• polymeric compounds such as ionic copolymers (
• Fillers and reinforcing agents for example calcium carbonate, silicates, glass fibres, glass beads, asbestos, talc, kaolin, mica, barium sulfate, metal oxides and hydroxides, car- bon black, graphite, wood flour and flours or fibers of other natural products, synthetic fibers.
• additives for example plasticisers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, rheology additives, catalysts, flow-control agents, optical brighteners, flameproofing agents, antistatic agents and blowing agents.
• the conventional additive as listed above is optionally present in the multifilament, the monofilament, the non-woven or the tape in an amount of for example 0.001 to 10 %, preferably 0.01 to 5 %, relative to the weight of component (A).
• Component (B) is present in the multifilament, the monofilament, the non-woven or the tape in an amount of for example 0.025 to 1.5 %, preferably 0.05 to 1 %, relative to the weight of component (A).
• Component (C) is present in the multifilament, the monofilament, the non-woven or the tape in an amount of for example 0.025 to 1.5 %, preferably 0.05 to1 % , relative to the weight of component (A).
• Component (D) is present in the multifilament, the monofilament, the non-woven or the tape in an amount of for example 0 to 3 %, preferably 0 to 2 % , relative to the weight of component (A).
• Component (E) is present in the multifilament, the monofilament, the non-woven or the tape in an amount of for example 0 to 0.5 %, preferably 0 to 0.3 % , relative to the weight of component (A).
• a further embodiment of the present invention relates to an article comprising a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape as defined above and being selected from the group consisting of a carpet, for example a sport surface or an artificial turf; a roofing membrane, a geotextile, an automotive polyolefin structure, for example a kick panel, a back sheet or a trunk liner; and a shade cloth.
• An interior pigmented automotive polyolefin structure is of particular interest.
• a green artificial turf is also particularly preferred.
• An artificial turf comprising a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape and containing a yellow pigment may also be of interest.
• An artificial turf comprising a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape as defined above, wherein component D is a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 110; or a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 128; or a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 199; or a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 34; or a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 119; or a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 150; is of further interest.
• component D is a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 110; or a pigment formulation containing C.I. Pigment Green 7 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 128; or a pigment formulation
• An artificial turf comprising a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape as defined above, containing additionally a shading component selected from the group consisting of C.I. Pigment Black 7, C.I. Pigment White 6, C.I. Pigment Red 101 and C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3; is of further interest.
• the article containing a multifilament, a monofilament, a non-woven or a tape as defined above is in contact with a latex or a rubber.
• latex or rupper examples include styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), coated SBR, ethylene propylene diene elastomer (EPDM) new or recycled and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) new or recycled.
• SBR styrene butadiene rubber
• EPDM ethylene propylene diene elastomer
• TPE thermoplastic elastomer
• Polypropylene (Moplen HP 451 N (RTM); Basell), the light stabilizers indicated in Table 1 , and a pigment (0.07 % by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene, of CROMOPHTAL Blue 4GNP (RTM) and 0.035 % by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene, of CROMOPHTAL Yellow 3GNP (RTM)) are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature.
• the mixture obtained is compounded at 230 0 C in a twin screw extruder. Spinning at 240 0 C gives fibers of 5 Denier per filament and a draw ratio of 1 :3.2.
• the filaments obtained are exposed in a Xenon arc light Weather-Ometer (0.35 W/m 2 at 340 nm, black panel temperature: 63°C, dry conditions).
• the exposure time corresponding to 50 % retained tenacity (loss of mechanical properties) is a measure for the efficiency of the light stabilizers.
• the results are shown in Table 1.
• EXAMPLE 2 Polypropylene (Moplen HP 551 M (RTM); Basell), the light stabilizers indicated in Table 2, and TiC> 2 (0.25% by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene) are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature. The mixture obtained is compounded at 230 0 C in a twin screw extruder. Spinning at 240 0 C gives a 180 Denier yarn of 4.5 Denier per filament with a draw ratio of 1 :3.2.
• the yarns obtained are exposed in a Xenon arc light Weather-Ometer (0.35 W/m 2 at 340 nm, black panel temperature: 63°C, dry conditions).
• the exposure time corresponding to 50 % retained tenacity (loss of mechanical properties) is a measure for the efficiency of the light stabilizers.
• the results are shown inTable 2.
• Polypropylene (Moplen HP 551 M (RTM); Basell), the light stabilizers indicated in Table 3 and Ciba ® CROMOPHTAL ® Red BNFP (RTM) pigment (0.15% by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene) are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature.
• the mixture obtained is compounded at 230 0 C in a twin screw extruder. Spinning at 240°C gives a 180 Denier yarn of 4.5 Denier per filament with a draw ratio of 1 :3.2.
• the yarns obtained are exposed in a Xenon arc light Weather-Ometer (0.35 W/m 2 at 340 nm, black panel temperature: 63°C, dry conditions).
• Polypropylene (Moplen HP 551 M (RTM); Basell), the light stabilizers indicated in Table 4 Ciba ® CROMOPHTAL ® Red BNFP (RTM) pigment (0.15% by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene) are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature.
• the mixture obtained is compounded at 230 0 C in a twin screw extruder. Spinning at 240 0 C gives a 180 Denier yarn of 4.5 Denier per filament with a draw ratio of 1 :3.2.
• the yarns obtained are exposed in a Xenon arc light Weather-Ometer (0.35 W/m 2 at 340 nm, black panel temperature: 63°C, dry conditions).
• the exposure time corresponding to 50 % retained tenacity (loss of mechanical properties) is a measure for the efficiency of the light stabilizers.
• the results are shown in Table 4.
• Polypropylene (Moplen HP 551 M (RTM); Basell), the light stabilizers indicated in Table 5 and Ciba ® CROMOPHTAL ® Red BNFP (RTM) pigment (0.15% by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene) are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature.
• the mixture obtained is compounded at 230 0 C in a twin screw extruder. Spinning at 240 0 C gives a 180 Denier yarn of 4.5 Denier per filament with a draw ratio of 1 :3.2.
• the yarns obtained are exposed in a Xenon arc light Weather-Ometer (0.45 W/m 2 at 340 nm, black standard temperature: 100 0 C, dry conditions).
• the exposure time corresponding to 50 % retained tenacity (loss of mechanical properties) at increased temperature is a measure for the efficiency of the light stabilizers in hot light environment.
• the results are shown in Table 5.
• Polypropylene (Moplen HP 551 M (RTM); Basell), the light stabilizers indicated in Table 6, and TiO 2 (0.25% by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene) are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature.
• the mixture obtained is compounded at 230 0 C in a twin screw extruder. Spinning at 240°C gives a 400 Denier yarn of 10 Denier per filament with a draw ratio of 1 :3.2.
• the yarns obtained are exposed in a Xenon arc light Weather-Ometer (0.45 W/m 2 at 340 nm, black standard temperature: 100 0 C, dry conditions).
• the exposure time corresponding to 50 % retained tenacity (loss of mechanical properties) at increased temperature is a measure for the efficiency of the light stabilizers in hot light environment.
• the results are shown in Tables 6a and 6b.
• Polypropylene (Moplen HP 551 M (RTM); Basell), the light stabilizers indicated in Table 7, and TiC> 2 (0.25% by weight, relative to the weight of the polypropylene) are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature.
• the mixture obtained is compounded at 230 0 C in a twin screw extruder.
• Spinning at 240 0 C gives a 400 Denier yarn of 10 Denier per filament with a draw ratio of 1 :3.2.
• the yarns obtained are treated with X SBR Latex and annealed at 120 0 C for 20min. Afterwards they are exposed in a Xenon arc light Weather-Ometer (0.35 W/m 2 at 340 nm, black panel temperature: 63°C, dry conditions).
• the exposure time corresponding to 50 % retained tenacity is a measure for the efficiency of the light stabilizers in yarns with contact to a latex binder. The results are shown in Table 7.
• the filaments obtained are treated with SBR rubber for 100h at 70°C and afterwards exposed in a fluorescence weathering device (0.77 W/m 2 at 340 nm, periodically 8h at 60 0 C, 4h condensation phase at 50°C). SBR rubber treatment is repeated every 25Oh for 24h.
• the exposure time corresponding to time to surface cracking is a measure for the efficiency of the light stabilizers.
• the results are shown in Table 8.
• Polyethylene (Dowlex SC 2108 (RTM); DOW) and the light stabilizers indicated in Table 9 are mixed in a high speed mixer at room temperature.
• the mixture obtained is compounded at 200 0 C in a twin screw extruder.
• Cast fim extrusion at 220 0 C, slitting and drawing gives tape filaments with 900 Denier.
• the filaments obtained are exposed in a fluorescence weathering device (0.63 VWm 2 at 313 nm, periodically 8h at 60°C, 4h condensation phase at 50 0 C).

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• 2007
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