WO2008065898A1 - Moteur à aimant de type à espace dans la direction radiale - Google Patents
Moteur à aimant de type à espace dans la direction radiale Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008065898A1 WO2008065898A1 PCT/JP2007/072174 JP2007072174W WO2008065898A1 WO 2008065898 A1 WO2008065898 A1 WO 2008065898A1 JP 2007072174 W JP2007072174 W JP 2007072174W WO 2008065898 A1 WO2008065898 A1 WO 2008065898A1
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- magnetic pole
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- magnet
- magnet motor
- radial
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
- H02K1/2781—Magnets shaped to vary the mechanical air gap between the magnets and the stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K15/03—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0578—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/059—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and Va elements, e.g. Sm2Fe17N2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/06—Magnetic cores, or permanent magnets characterised by their skew
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a radial gap magnet motor characterized by a low cogging torque and a high torque density, which are constituted by magnetically anisotropic magnetic poles having a non-radial magnetic anisotropic region at the magnetic pole tips. More specifically, power saving, resource saving, miniaturization, and noise reduction of radial gap magnet motors of approximately 50W or less, which are widely used as various drive sources for home appliances, air conditioning equipment, and information equipment. Involved.
- Non-Patent Document 1 is one of the basic characteristics of magnets. From the relationship between residual magnetic flux density Br and motor constant KJ (KJ is the ratio of output torque KT and square root of resistance loss) as an index of motor performance, When the motor diameter, rotor diameter, air gap, soft magnetic material, magnet size, etc. are fixed, the increase in magnet energy density (BH) max is increased in the radial air gap type magnet motor targeted by the present invention! /, Higher torque and torque density can be obtained.
- KJ residual magnetic flux density
- an increase in the energy density (BH) max of the magnet can achieve a higher torque density in the radial gap magnet motor targeted by the present invention. Since the stator core has slots for accommodating the windings and teeth forming part of the magnetic circuit, the permeance changes with rotation. For this reason, an increase in magnet energy density (BH) max increases torque pulsation, ie, cogging torque. An increase in cogging torque is accompanied by adverse effects such as hindering smooth motor rotation, increasing motor vibration and noise, and deteriorating rotational controllability.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes a radial gap-type magnet motor having an uneven thickness magnetic pole 1, a stator core 2, a stator core slot 3, and a stator core teeth 4 as shown in FIG. 9A. It is stated that the cogging torque can be minimized if the residual magnetization Br is 1.2T, the maximum thickness of the magnetic pole center is 3mm, and the minimum thickness of both ends of the magnetic pole is 12mm and 18 slots. . In this case, it is well-known that the cogging torque can be reduced even if the magnetic force is uneven from the outer diameter side of the magnetic pole, and the magnetic pole is uneven from the inner diameter side of the magnetic pole.
- Non-Patent Document 2 in order to minimize the cogging torque by making the magnetic pole uneven, the minimum thickness force at both ends of the magnetic pole is about / 2 with respect to the maximum thickness of the magnetic pole center. It is necessary to make the wall thickness uneven. Therefore, if the thickness of the magnetic pole, that is, the direction of magnetization (thickness) is reduced, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained even if it is attempted to minimize the cogging torque by reducing the thickness of the magnetic pole. In addition, it is generally difficult to machine due to mechanically weak magnetic poles.
- the magnetic pole ends of the thick magnetic poles are thinned to about 1/2 to widen the gap with the stator core, or the area between the magnetic poles of the thin magnetic poles is reduced. Therefore, the amount of the static magnetic field Ms generated from the magnetic poles flowing into the stator core as the magnetic flux ⁇ is suppressed. As a result, these methods generally reduce cogging torque by generally 10 to 15% Of torque density. Therefore, the conventional cogging torque reduction method shown in FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C is intended to increase the torque density of the radial space magnet motor by increasing the magnet energy density (BH) max. Were in conflict.
- BH magnet energy density
- Non-Patent Document 5 an NdFeB rare earth sintered magnet with a high energy density with a thinning force of 1.2mm in the magnetization direction and a remanent magnetization Mr of 1T is used.
- Figure 9A an NdFeB rare earth sintered magnet with a high energy density with a thinning force of 1.2mm in the magnetization direction and a remanent magnetization Mr of 1T is used.
- the so-called Halbach Cylinder is composed of fragments obtained by dividing each magnetic pole into 2 to 5 pieces as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D, and the magnetization direction (direction of anisotropy) is adjusted stepwise for each piece.
- the subscripts (2) to (5) of the magnetic pole 1 indicate the number of pieces obtained by dividing the magnetic pole 1 into 2 to 5 parts.
- the direction of the arrow of each piece represents the direction of the magnetization vector M along the oriented easy axis (C axis), that is, the direction of anisotropy.
- the cogging torque is plotted as shown in FIG. 11 with respect to the number of magnetic pole pieces into which the magnetic poles are divided.
- Fig. 11 shows that when ⁇ is the magnetization vector M at an arbitrary mechanical angle ⁇ and M ⁇ is the angle with respect to the circumferential tangent of the magnetic pole, This suggests that it is ideal to change continuously.
- it is a Nd Fe B rare earth sintered magnet with a thickness of 1.2mm and a remanent magnetization Mr of 1T and a high energy density.
- An object of the present invention is to reduce the volume or area of a magnetic pole in a magnetic anisotropic magnetic pole having a thin shape, such as a thickness of 1.5 mm, which is difficult to be unevenly thick and having a high energy density.
- T cog 61.753exp ( ⁇ 0.1451N) holds for the number N of fragments obtained by dividing the magnetic pole and the cogging torque Tcog in Non-Patent Document 5.
- the mechanical angle of the magnetic pole is ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
- the angle of the magnetization vector ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with respect to the circumferential tangent of the magnetic pole ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in the region of 1 degree between the N and S poles When the magnetic vector angle ⁇ ⁇ is continuously changed with respect to the mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ of the magnetic pole ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ is specified, the cogging torque is suppressed and the torque density is increased by the magnetic anisotropic magnetic pole with high energy density.
- the purpose is to achieve both functions.
- a radial gap magnet motor that employs magnetic anisotropy magnetic poles with an energy density ( ⁇ H) max ⁇ 150 kj / m 3 and achieves the contradictory effects of suppressing cogging torque and increasing energy density.
- the mechanical angle ⁇ t of the stator core teeth of the radial gap magnet motor, the mechanical angle ⁇ p of the magnetic pole, and the magnetization vector angle with respect to the circumferential tangent of the magnetic pole are M ⁇
- the mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ of the opposite magnetic pole center region is 75-90 degrees, more preferably 90 degrees, and the average error is within 5 degrees
- the circumferential magnetic pole end that is, between different poles ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.1 Magnitude anisotropic magnetic pole of ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 7 in the region of 1 degree.
- ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ are assumed to be accurate enough to achieve a linear approximation with a correlation coefficient of 0.99 or more.
- the magnetic anisotropy magnetic pole described above first gives an angle change H ⁇ / ⁇ p when the angle with respect to the tangent of the mechanical angle ⁇ p between the direction of the homogeneous external magnetic field Hex and the inner and outer surfaces of the magnetic pole is H ⁇
- heat and external force are applied to the deformed magnetic pole to form a predetermined arc-shaped magnetic pole.
- the obtained arc-shaped magnetic pole is magnetized by applying a uniform external magnetic field Hex in the same direction as the direction again oriented.
- each part of the magnetic pole is magnetized in the direction of the easy axis (C axis). Therefore, the magnetization vector angle M ⁇ with respect to the circumferential tangent of the arc-shaped magnetic pole coincides with H ⁇ with some error.
- the rigid body with an arbitrary H ⁇ / p composing a deformed magnetic pole rotates and moves, and the easy axis of magnetization is maintained without breaking the degree of anisotropy. If only the direction of the (C-axis) changes, it is desirable to obtain the shape of the deformed magnetic pole by nonlinear structural analysis of the assembly of these rigid bodies.
- the degree of anisotropy of a set of rigid bodies with arbitrary H ⁇ / ⁇ p Rotational movement in which only the direction of the easy magnetization axis (c-axis) changes without breaking the flow, such as shear flow, extension flow, and viscous deformation in which they overlap, are caused by heat and external force.
- the magnetic performance of the magnetic pole is preferably one having a remanent magnetization Mr ⁇ 0.95T, an intrinsic coercive force HcJ ⁇ O.9 MA / m, and an energy density (BH) max ⁇ 150 kj / m 3 .
- BH energy density
- a magnetically isotropic magnet can be freely magnetized in any direction according to the direction of the applied magnetic field and the magnetic field strength distribution. For this reason, by optimizing the shape of the magnetized yoke and the magnetomotive force, a magnetization pattern as shown by the arc-shaped arrow of the magnetic pole 1 in FIG. 12 can be provided. As a result, the gap magnetic flux density distribution between the magnetic pole and the stator core can be easily adjusted to a sine wave shape. Therefore, the cogging torque reduction of the radial gap magnet motor is extremely easy compared to the case where the thin magnetic pole is made of a magnetically anisotropic magnet material.
- isotropic magnet materials including various nano-composite magnet materials, in which various alloy structures are micro-controlled
- isotropic magnet materials with different powder shapes are also available industrially. See, for example, Non-Patent Documents 6--10.
- Non-Patent Document 10 HA Davies Report that (BH) max reaches 220 kj / m 3 while being isotropic.
- the isotropic magnet material that can be used industrially has a (BH) max of 134 kj / m 3 at most, and is suitable for a magnet motor represented by a small radial gap magnet motor of about 50 W or less.
- the energy density (BH) max of an isotropic Nd Fe B bonded magnet, which is commonly used in applications, is approximately
- 80kj / m 3 is equal to or less than. That is, since to produce an isotropic Nd Fe B based bonded magnet with RW Lee et al. (BH) maxl l lkj / m 3 ribbon 1985 (BH) max72kj / m 3, 2
- the energy density is increased after the progress of the isotropic magnet material, and it is not expected to increase the density of the radial gap magnet motor targeted by the present invention.
- Patent Document 1 J. Schulze, "Application of high performance magnets i or small motorsj, Proc. Of the 18th international workshop on high performance magnets and their applications, 2004, pp. 908-915
- Non-Patent Document 2 Y. Pang , ZQ Zhu, S. Ruangsinchaiwanich, D. Howe, ⁇ and omparison of brushless motors having renzach magnetized magnets and shaped parallel magnetized magnetsj, Proc. Of the 18th inter national workshop on high performance magnets and their applicat ions, 2004, pp. 400— 407
- Non-Patent Document 3 W. Rodewald, W. Rodewald, M. Katter, “Properties and applications of high performance magnetsj, Proc. Of the 18th inter national workshop on high performance magnets and their applicat ions, 2004, pp. 52 — 63
- Non-Patent Document 4 Atsushi Matsuoka, Togo Yamazaki, Hitoshi Kawaguchi, “Examination of high performance brushless DC motors for blowers”, IEEJ rotating machine workshop, RM-01-161, 2001
- Patent Document 5 D. Howe, ZQ Zhu, "Application oi nalbach cylinders to electrical machinej, Proc. Of the 17th int. Workshop on rare earth magnets and their applications, 2000, pp. 903-922
- Non-Patent Document 6 Yasuhiko Iriyama, “Development Trends of High Performance Rare Earth Bond Magnets”, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Innovation Creation / Effective Use of Rare Earth Resources and Advanced Materials Symposium, 2002, pp. 19-26
- Non-Patent Document 7 B. H. Rabin, B. M. Ma, “Recent developments in Nd—Fe— B powderj, 120th Topical Symposium of the Magnetic Society of Japan, 2001, pp. 23— 28
- Non-Patent Document 8 B. M. Ma, "Recent powder development at magnequen ch", Polymer Bonded Magnets 2002, 2002
- Non-Patent Document 9 S. Hirasawa, H. Kanekiyo, T. Miyoshi, K. Murakami, Y. Shi gemoto, T. Nishiucm, “Structure and magnetic properties of Nd2F e l4BZt exB— type nanocomposite permanent magnets prepared by strip casting ], 9th Joint MMM / INTERMAG, FG—05, 2004
- Non-Patent Document 10 ⁇ ⁇ A. Davies, JI Betancourt, CL Harland, “Nanophase Pr and Nd Pr based rare—earth—iron—boron alloys”, Proc. of 16th Int. Workshop on Rare— Earth Magnets and Their Applicatio ns, 2000, pp. 485 -495
- the energy density (BH) max which is a disadvantage of isotropic magnets, is increased more than approximately twice, so that the torque density of the radial gap magnet motor is increased.
- the cogging torque will be reduced to the same shape and below the isotropic magnet.
- the energy density (BH) max increases, the change of the magnetization vector angle ⁇ ⁇ relative to the mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ between different poles ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ tended to increase exponentially .
- ⁇ / ⁇ of the magnetic anisotropy magnetic pole of the present invention can be suppressed below the isotropic magnet by controlling the magnetization vector angle ⁇ , that is, the direction of the anisotropy.
- the energy density (BH) max is approximately 2 to 10 times, and the torque density without increasing the cogging torque of the radial gap magnet motor can be increased regardless of the magnetic anisotropy magnetic pole 10 times as large. . Therefore, progress of power saving, resource saving, miniaturization, and noise reduction of radial gap magnet motors of approximately 50W or less, which are widely used as various drive sources for home appliances, air conditioning equipment, information equipment, etc. It is effective for.
- FIG. 1A is a first conceptual diagram showing the anisotropic direction control of the magnetic pole.
- FIG. 1B is a second conceptual diagram showing the anisotropic direction control of the magnetic poles.
- FIG. 1C is a third conceptual diagram showing magnetic pole anisotropic direction control.
- FIG. 1D is a fourth conceptual diagram showing magnetic pole anisotropic direction control.
- FIG. 1E is a fifth conceptual diagram showing magnetic pole anisotropic direction control.
- FIG. 1F is an enlarged view of a main part showing the anisotropic direction control of the magnetic pole.
- FIG. 2A is a first conceptual diagram showing the flow form of molten polymer due to external force.
- FIG. 2B is a second conceptual diagram showing the flow form of the molten polymer due to the external force.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a molecular structure of a thermosetting resin composition that imparts plastic workability to a magnetic pole.
- FIG. 4 is an electron micrograph showing the macro structure of the magnetic anisotropic magnetic pole.
- FIG. 5 is a shape diagram showing the control of the anisotropic direction of the magnetic poles with coordinate values.
- FIG. 6A is a characteristic diagram showing the forming temperature and energy density of the magnetic pole.
- FIG. 6B is a characteristic diagram showing a comparison of demagnetization curves.
- FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ of the magnetic pole and the static magnetic field Ms direction.
- FIG. 8A is a characteristic diagram showing energy density (BH) max and M ⁇ / ⁇ .
- Fig. 8 ⁇ is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between ⁇ / ⁇ and cogging torque.
- FIG. 9B is a first conceptual diagram showing a cogging torque reduction method using a magnet shape.
- FIG. 9B is a second conceptual diagram showing a cogging torque reduction method using a magnet shape.
- FIG. 9C is a third conceptual diagram showing a cogging torque reduction method using a magnet shape.
- FIG. 10A is a first conceptual diagram showing a cogging torque reduction method by discontinuous control of the magnetization direction.
- FIG. 10B is a second conceptual diagram showing a cogging torque reduction method by discontinuous control of the magnetization direction.
- FIG. 10C is a third conceptual diagram showing a cogging torque reduction method by discontinuous control of the magnetization direction.
- FIG. 10D is a fourth conceptual diagram showing a cogging torque reduction method by discontinuous control of the magnetization direction.
- FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the number of magnetic pole pieces having different magnetization directions and the cogging torque.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram showing a magnetization pattern of an isotropic magnet.
- the present invention relates to a radial gap magnet motor, and the present invention relates to the mechanical angle (i> t, the mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ of the magnetic pole, the circumferential tangent of the magnetic pole) of the stator core teeth of the radial gap magnet motor.
- the magnetic anisotropy magnetic pole should be within 5 degrees and M ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 7 in the circumferential magnetic pole tip, that is, ⁇ p X O.
- FIG. 1A a deformed magnetic pole is prepared in which a portion close to the in-plane anisotropy is mechanically applied to the magnetic pole end. Then, the arc-shaped magnetic pole is formed in a pattern as shown in FIG. 1A-1B-1C 1D-1.
- Fig. 1A to Fig. 1E show the cross-sectional shape of the right half from the center of the magnetic pole, and ⁇ ⁇ in Fig.
- 1A is a uniform external magnetic field Hex with respect to the inner and outer peripheral sections of the deformed magnetic pole at an arbitrary position. Is an angle. This ⁇ corresponds to the direction of magnetic anisotropy with respect to the tangent of any magnetic pole surface in FIG. IE, that is, the magnetization vector angle M ⁇ with respect to the circumferential tangent of the magnetic pole of the present invention.
- Fig. 1F is an enlarged view of the main part showing the anisotropic direction control of the magnetic pole.
- thermosetting resin composition adjusted so as to give plastic workability to the magnetic pole is essential.
- the plastic workability referred to here is, as shown in the conceptual diagrams of FIGS. 2A and 2B, interposed in the magnetic pole as a thread-like molecular chain in which some of the components of the thermosetting resin composition are entangled, and heat and external force F—Based on rheology based on the principle of viscous deformation such as shear flow or elongational flow depending on F ′.
- the components of the thermosetting resin composition shown in FIG. 3 are made into a three-dimensional network structure by a crosslinking reaction. As a result, the heat resistance and durability of the magnetic pole can be improved.
- Fig. 3 is a thermosetting resin composition comprising a nopolac-type epoxy oligomer, a spring-like polyamide, 2-phenenole 4,5-dihydroxymethylimidazole, which gives the present invention power and plastic workability to the magnetic pole. It is an example of the thermosetting resin composition adjusted so that it might obtain.
- the linear polyamide when the linear polyamide is in a molten state, it is uniformly interspersed with the matrix in the magnetic pole as an intertwined thread-like molecular chain, causing shear flow or elongational flow depending on the external force F—F ′. It is responsible for the deformation of the magnetic pole.
- 2A and 2B are not necessarily limited to those shown in FIG. 3.
- the torque density of the radial gap type magnet motor is proportional to the static magnetic field Ms generated by the magnetic pole, that is, the gap magnetic flux density between the stator core and the magnetic pole.
- the air gap magnetic flux density of a radial air gap type magnet motor formed of magnetic poles and stator cores of the same dimensions and the same structure is roughly proportional to the square root of the ratio of the magnetic energy density (BH) max, the energy density (BH) Max level force Isotropic Nd Fe B bond magnet with an upper limit of approximately 80 kj / m 3
- the magnetic anisotropic magnet forming the magnetic pole according to the present invention has a residual magnetization Mr ⁇ 0.95T, an intrinsic coercive force HcJ ⁇ O. 9MA / m, and an energy density (BH) max from the viewpoint of increasing the torque density.
- Examples of magnetic anisotropic rare earth magnet materials that can be applied to the present invention include single domain particle type 1-5 type S mCo rare earth magnet fine powder, and two-phase separated 2-17 type SmCo rare earth magnet particles. Some or all of them can be used. However, rare earth-iron-based rare earth magnet materials are preferred from the viewpoint of resource balance. For example, A. Kawamoto et al. RD (Reduction and Diffusion) — Sm Fe N rare earth magnet fine powder (A. Kawamoto, T. Ishikawa, S. Yasuda, K
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a scanning electron micrograph showing a macro structure of a deformed magnetic pole having a force and a density of 6.01 Mg / m 3 according to the present invention.
- anisotropic Sm Fe N rare earth magnet fine powder having a particle size of 3 to 5 111, energy density (BH) max of 290 kj / m 3 , and particle size
- the structure is separated by a matrix (continuous phase) made of a conductive resin composition.
- the volume fraction of Sm Fe N and Nd Fe B rare earth magnet materials is 81 vol.%.
- thermosetting resin composition has an epoxy equivalent of 205 to 220 g / eq and a melting point of 70-76 shown in FIG. C nopolac-type epoxy oligomer, melting point 80.
- C molecular weight 4000 ⁇ ; 12000 spring polyamide, 2 phenyl 4, 5 It intervenes inside and causes shear flow and extension flow depending on the direction of heat and external force as shown in Fig. 2B. As a result, it has a viscous deformability corresponding to FIG. 1A-IB-1C-ID-1E.
- FIG. 5 shows two kinds of magnetic anisotropic deformed magnetic poles having the above macro structure according to the present invention, and arc-shaped magnetic anisotropic magnetic poles obtained by deforming them, that is, magnetic poles before and after deformation by coordinate values.
- FIG. 5 the origin A in FIG. 5 is the circumferential center of the outer peripheral surface, and FIG. 5 shows a half of the magnetic pole cross section.
- the deformed magnetic pole indicated by coordinates A—B1—C1 D is shown in Example 1
- the deformed magnetic pole indicated by coordinates A—B2—C2—D is given in Example 2
- coordinates A—B′-CD The arc-shaped magnetic pole shown is the shape of the magnetic pole after deformation, and the actual deformation processing is performed by inserting a deformed magnetic pole into a cavity having coordinates A—B'-CD, 135 ° C in air, lMPa, and pressure holding time Went without.
- the deformed arc-shaped magnetic pole according to the present invention is subjected to a heat treatment in the atmosphere at 170 ° C. for 20 minutes to crosslink the thermosetting resin composition containing linear polyamide as shown in FIG. did.
- Fig. 3 shows a force S indicating a free epoxy group, and it is desirable that these all react with imidazoles, an amino-active hydrogen of linear polyamide, or a terminal carboxyl group.
- the obtained arc-shaped magnetic pole (2g) which is a force applied to the present invention, has an outer radius of 20.45mm, an inner radius of 18.955mm, and a thickness of 1.5mm, and uses a solenoid coil and a pulse magnetizing power source. 2. Magnetized in a homogeneous external magnetic field H ⁇ of 4 MA / m. Thereafter, the magnetic poles were bonded and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of a laminated electromagnetic steel sheet having an outer diameter of 37.9 mm, and the diameters of the first and second embodiments according to the present invention were 40.9 mm, the axial length was 14.5 mm, and an 8-pole magnet It was a rotor.
- Table 3 shows the result of analysis of the angle and degree of anisotropy from cylindrical magnets with a diameter of lmm taken from the position corresponding to the set value of M ⁇ with respect to the mechanical angle ⁇ p for deformed and arc-shaped magnetic poles. Indicates. First, when the center position of the cylindrical magnet is M ⁇ set angle at ⁇ p, the angles at which the remanent magnetization Ms is maximum in all directions of the cylindrical sample, that is, H ⁇ and M ⁇ with respect to ⁇ p were obtained.
- the anisotropy dispersion ⁇ of the deformed magnet and arc magnet is 0.5 at the maximum, and this level is the same considering the measurement error. This is because in the process of changing from a deformed magnet to an arc-shaped magnet, when each part rotates and moves, only the direction of anisotropy is observed without deterioration of the degree of anisotropy, that is, energy density (BH) max. It proves that it is changing.
- BH energy density
- Conventional example 1 is an 8 pole magnet rotor with a diameter of 40.9 mm and an axial length of 14.5 mm made from an arc-shaped magnetic anisotropic magnetic pole with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B show the energy after the 2.4 MA / m pulse magnetization of the magnetic anisotropic magnetic pole according to the present invention, in which the volume fraction of the rare earth magnet material occupying the magnetic pole is 8 lvol.%. It is a characteristic view which shows a density (BH) max.
- FIG. 6A is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the forming temperature of the deformed magnetic pole and the energy density (BH) max.
- the energy density (BH) max exceeds 150 kj / m 3 at a molding temperature of 150 ° C. or higher.
- the thermosetting resin composition containing the linear polyamide contained in the deformed magnetic pole as shown in Fig. 3 exposure to 170 ° C in the atmosphere for 20 minutes, It is understood that the rare earth magnet material surface is maintained at ⁇ 150 kj / m 3 without causing a structural change in the oxidation reaction from the remaining gap of the magnetic pole.
- FIG. 6B the molding temperature was 160 ° C, after which 170 ° C, 20 minutes of demagnetization curve of the magnetic poles of 1 55 kJ / m 3 which has been subjected to heat treatment, 80 kJ / m 3 isotropic
- Fig. 5 is a characteristic diagram compared with a 16 kj / m 3 pole anisotropic magnet (magnetization pattern is the same as an isotropic magnet with sinusoidal magnetization as shown in Fig. 4).
- the 80 kj / m 3 isotropic magnet (16g) is ring-shaped and bonded and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the laminated electrical steel sheet with the same outer diameter of 37.9 mm as in the present invention.
- a sinusoidally magnetized 8-pole magnet rotor was formed using a magnetizing yoke and a pulse magnetizing power source.
- the rotor was mounted on an 8-pole, 12-slot radial gap magnet motor (this is called Conventional Example 2).
- the 16 kj / m 3- pole anisotropic magnet (83g) is an 8-pole magnet that has a diameter of 50.3 mm and an axial length of 25 mm, and is then sinusoidally magnetized using a magnetizing yoke and a pulse magnetizing power source. It was a rotor. The rotor was mounted on an 8-pole 12-slot radial gap magnet motor (this is conventionally referred to as Example 3).
- the magnetic anisotropy magnetic pole which is the force of the present invention, is magnetized in a radial direction by a solenoid coil with a uniform external magnetic field Hex of 2.4 ⁇ / m.
- Such magnetic anisotropy magnetic poles which are effective in the present invention, are applied to the magnetizing magnetic field Hm.
- magnetization is performed along the anisotropy direction, so the direction of the magnetization vector M in Fig. 7 means the direction of magnetic anisotropy. If the magnetization solid angle is M ⁇ , then / ⁇ / ⁇ p means the angle distribution of magnetic anisotropy with respect to the mechanical angle ⁇ p of the magnetic pole.
- the linear expression ⁇ -6.4575 ⁇ + 289.76
- the phase correlation number was 0.9975, where the slope of the straight line ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ is the degree of change in the direction of the magnetization vector angle ⁇ ⁇ relative to the mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ between the magnetic poles of different polarities, that is, the magnetic pole Change of the magnetic anisotropy with respect to the mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ of the material, in other words, it means that it is continuously controlled by the discontinuous direction control of the magnetic anisotropy of Non-Patent
- FIG. 8 ⁇ shows ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ for Examples 1 and 2 and Conventional Examples 1, 2, and 3 in the range of mechanical angle ⁇ ⁇ (45 degrees) XO.
- FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram plotted against the energy density.
- R 2 in Fig. 8 ⁇ is the correlation coefficient of / ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ in each regression analysis.
- Fig. 8 (b) is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between ⁇ / ⁇ and the cogging torque of the radial gap magnet motor.
- the cogging torque of the radial gap magnet motor is based on the mechanical angle ⁇ of the magnetic pole ⁇ 45 (45 °) and the mechanical angle ⁇ between the magnetic poles having different polarities in the region of XO.1 °. It is clear that the degree of change in the direction of the static magnetic field Ms strongly depends on ⁇ / ⁇ p. In other words, the degree of change in the direction of the magnetization vector ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with respect to the mechanical angle ⁇ between the magnetic poles of different polarities in the region of the magnetic angle ⁇ (45 degrees) XO.1 degree of the magnetic pole ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ is 0.7 or less.
- the density (BH) max is approximately 2 to; the same as the conventional examples 2 and 3 having the magnetization pattern shown in Fig. 4 regardless of the radial gap magnet motor with 10 times the magnetic anisotropic magnetic pole mounted. It became clear that the cogging torque could be reduced to a level or lower.
- the induced voltage value proportional to the torque density of the radial gap type magnetic anisotropic magnet motor is 24. IV of Example l (155 kj / m 3 ), whereas Conventional Example 1 (same structure and same dimensions) 155 kj / m 3 ) was 25.IV, and Conventional Example 2 (80 kj / m 3 ) was 18V.
- Example 1 according to the present invention has a torque density with respect to a conventional magnetic anisotropic magnetic pole.
- the torque density was reduced by 4% and the cogging torque was reduced by 50%.
- the torque density was increased by 34% and the cogging torque was reduced by 21% compared to the conventional example 2 (80 kj / m 3 ) magnetized with sine waves. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the torque density while suppressing an increase in cogging torque of the radial gap type magnetic anisotropic magnet motor by increasing the energy density (BH) max. Therefore, it is expected that the motor will save power, save resources, reduce size, and reduce noise.
- BH energy density
- the motor according to the present invention has a non-radial magnetic anisotropy region at the magnetic pole end, is used for a motor characterized by low cogging torque and high torque density, and has very high industrial applicability.
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US12/312,792 US8044547B2 (en) | 2006-11-27 | 2007-11-15 | Radial-direction gap type magnet motor |
JP2008546942A JP5470851B2 (ja) | 2006-11-27 | 2007-11-15 | 径方向空隙型磁石モータ |
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JP6706487B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-19 | 2020-06-10 | 日東電工株式会社 | 希土類永久磁石をもった回転子を備える回転電機 |
DE102017104076A1 (de) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | Kongsberg Automotive Inc. | Gebläseeinheit für einen Fahrzeugsitz |
CN106683816B (zh) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏北方永磁科技有限公司 | 一种永磁复合材料及制备方法 |
FR3134929A1 (fr) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-10-27 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Rotor pour machine électrique tournante, machine électrique tournante et procédé de fabrication d’un rotor |
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JP2002191144A (ja) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 永久磁石ロータ及びその製造方法 |
JP2002262533A (ja) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-13 | Hitachi Ltd | 永久磁石式回転電機 |
JP2006080115A (ja) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 異方性希土類−鉄系ボンド磁石 |
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JP2002191144A (ja) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 永久磁石ロータ及びその製造方法 |
JP2002262533A (ja) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-13 | Hitachi Ltd | 永久磁石式回転電機 |
JP2006080115A (ja) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 異方性希土類−鉄系ボンド磁石 |
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