WO2008064598A1 - Procédé et système pour transmettre des données et dispositif de nœud et dispositif de coordination - Google Patents

Procédé et système pour transmettre des données et dispositif de nœud et dispositif de coordination Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008064598A1
WO2008064598A1 PCT/CN2007/071001 CN2007071001W WO2008064598A1 WO 2008064598 A1 WO2008064598 A1 WO 2008064598A1 CN 2007071001 W CN2007071001 W CN 2007071001W WO 2008064598 A1 WO2008064598 A1 WO 2008064598A1
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Prior art keywords
node
data
gts
coordinator
priority
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PCT/CN2007/071001
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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Zhihui Gu
Ling Zhang
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2008064598A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008064598A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to Zigbee network technology, and more particularly to a method and system for transmitting data, and a node device and a coordination device. Background of the invention
  • Zigbee is an emerging short-range, low-rate, low-cost, low-power wireless communication technology used in home control, industrial inspection and sensor networks.
  • the Zigbee network is a wireless network composed of a number of wireless transmission nodes. These transmission nodes communicate with each other throughout the network.
  • Zigbee mainly works in the three frequency bands of 868MHz (Europe), 915 MHz (US) and 2.4GHz (World).
  • the transmission rate is less than 250 Kb/s
  • the communication distance is within 100 meters
  • the IEEE 802. 15. 4 standard As the physical layer and media access control (MAC) layer standard, the Zigbee Alliance also develops application layer and network layer standards.
  • MAC media access control
  • the Zigbee network includes three types of devices: a coordinator, a forwarding node, and a terminal node.
  • the coordinator is responsible for network management and maintenance, including network establishment, primary address allocation, and the like, and is a core part of the network;
  • the forwarding node has a routing function. It can also be used as a parent node to receive a new node's request to join the network and assign an address to it;
  • the terminal node has no forwarding function and is the end of the network.
  • Zigbee network can be divided into star network, tree network and mesh network.
  • Zigbee network can be divided into beacon network and non-beacon.
  • - Beacon no-beacon
  • all nodes are in the form of carrier sense multiple access/collision prevention (CSMA/CA).
  • the access channel transmits data; in the beacon network, time synchronization and time slot allocation are performed by the beacon frame, and the node transmits data in a guaranteed time slot (GTS) or CSMA/CA mode.
  • GTS guaranteed time slot
  • CSMA/CA guaranteed time slot
  • the application layer when the node application layer has data to send, the application layer first constructs an application layer protocol data unit (APDU) and sends an application support sublayer data entity data request (APSDE-DATA.REQUEST) command to the network layer.
  • the command carries the destination address and other information;
  • the network layer sends a network layer data entity data request (NLDE-DATA.REQUEST) command to the MAC layer, and adds a network layer packet header to the MAC layer before receiving the APDU;
  • MCPS-DATA. REQUEST MAC layer common part sub-layer data request
  • the /CA mechanism performs frame transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a superframe structure in an existing Zigbee beacon network. As shown in FIG. 1 , each superframe includes an active period and an inactive period, and the active period is further divided into 16 time slots, wherein 0 time slots are used to send beacon frames for time synchronization and time slot allocation; The remaining 15 time slots are divided into non-contention period (CFP) and contention access period (CAP).
  • CFP non-contention period
  • CAP contention access period
  • CFP non-contention period
  • CFP non-contention period
  • CAP contention access period
  • the time slot; CAP is the time slot when the node uses the CSMA/CA method to compete for the access channel to transmit data.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of sending data by using the GTS mechanism in the existing Zigbee beacon network. As shown in Figure 2, the following steps are included:
  • Step 201 A node in the network needs to send data at the MAC layer. The node first checks whether there is still a GTS available in the node. If yes, step 202 is performed. Otherwise, step 203 is performed.
  • Step 202 The node sends data by using an existing GTS slot, and after the data is sent. End this process.
  • Step 203 The node sends a GTS request command to the coordinator.
  • the GTS request command carries a GTS length field (GTS length), a GTS direction field (GTS direction), and a feature type field (Identity type): where GTS length identifies the number of requested slots; GTS direction is set to 0, identifies the GTS Used for sending; the Characteristics type is set to 1, identifying the GTS request to allocate time slots for the request.
  • Step 204 The coordinator allocates time slots to the nodes according to the principle of first-come, first-served allocation.
  • the coordinator allocates a GTS time slot for the node.
  • Step 205 The coordinator constructs the GTS description, sets the start slot field to the start slot of the GTS in the superframe, sets the length field to the allocated number of slots, and encapsulates the description in the beacon frame.
  • the 0 time slot of the frame is broadcast to each node in the network.
  • Step 206 The node sends data in the allocated GTS slot according to the indication in the GTS description.
  • Step 207 After the data transmission is completed, the node sends a release GTS request to the coordinator.
  • the coordinator can only perform GTS allocation on a first-come, first-served basis, and cannot adjust the order in which data is sent. That is, important data cannot be sent preferentially.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for transmitting data, which can ensure that important information in a network is preferentially transmitted.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a system for transmitting data, which is capable of ensuring that important information in a network is preferentially transmitted.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a node device, and applying the node device to the network ensures that important information in the network is preferentially transmitted.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a coordination device, and the application of the coordination device to the network ensures that important information in the network is preferentially transmitted.
  • a method of transmitting data comprising the steps of:
  • the node sends a guaranteed time slot GTS request to the coordinator;
  • the node transmits data in a GTS slot allocated by the coordinator according to the request, the GTS slot being allocated by the coordinator according to a priority level of data to be transmitted in the node.
  • a system for transmitting data including nodes and coordinator devices;
  • the node configured to send a GTS request to the coordinator
  • the coordinator is configured to receive a GTS request of the node, and allocate a GTS slot to the node according to a priority level of data to be sent in the node;
  • the node transmits data in a GTS slot allocated by the coordinator.
  • a node device includes: an application layer module, a network layer module, a MAC layer module, and a physical layer module;
  • the application layer module is configured to determine a priority level of the data to be sent, and transmit the priority level of the data to be sent and the data to be sent to the MAC layer module through the network layer module;
  • the MAC layer module is configured to save the received data to be sent according to its priority level Stored in the corresponding transmit queue; send a GTS request to the coordinator in descending order of the transmit queue priority level, and send data to the physical layer module in the allocated GTS slot.
  • a coordination device the device includes: a requesting module and a GTS allocation module; the requesting module, configured to receive a GTS request of the node;
  • the GTS allocation module is configured to allocate a GTS slot to the node according to a priority level of data to be sent in the node.
  • the data to be sent in the node is classified according to the priority level, and the GTS time slot is preferentially allocated to the high priority data, so that the high priority data, that is, the important information is preferentially transmitted.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a superframe structure in an existing Zigbee beacon network
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of transmitting data by using a GTS mechanism in an existing Zigbee beacon network
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coordinator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a general flow chart of a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • a node in a network sends a GTS request to a coordinator;
  • the GTS request of the receiving node is received, and the GTS time slot is allocated to the node according to the priority level of the data to be transmitted in the node; the node transmits data in the allocated GTS time slot.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the system is mainly composed of a coordinator and a plurality of nodes, such as node 1, node 2, and node 3, and each node has the same function.
  • a node configured to send a GTS request to the coordinator, and send data in the allocated GTS slot;
  • the coordinator is configured to receive the GTS request of the node, and allocate the GTS time slot to the node according to the priority level of the data to be sent in the node.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a node structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the node mainly includes an application layer module 401, a network layer module 402, a MAC layer module 403, and a physical layer module 404.
  • the application layer module 401 is configured to encapsulate the to-be-sent data into the APDU, and determine a priority level of the to-be-sent data according to a preset priority level table indicating a priority level of different data in the network, and prioritize the APDU and the to-be-sent data.
  • the level is transmitted to the network layer module 402;
  • the network layer module 402 is configured to receive an APDU from the application layer module 401 and a priority level of the data to be sent, and encapsulate the data layer into a network layer protocol data unit, and transmit the data to the MAC layer module 403.
  • the MAC layer module 403 is configured to receive a network layer protocol data unit from the network layer module 402, and encapsulate the network layer protocol data unit into a MAC frame that identifies a priority level; set the sending queue in a priority order, and encapsulate the
  • the MAC frames are stored in different priority transmission queues; the MAC layer module 403 sends GTS requests to the coordinator in descending order of the transmission queue priority level; and sends data to the physical layer module 404 in the allocated GTS slots; For the data to be sent in the lowest priority transmission queue, it can also be
  • the CSMA/CA mode competes for the access channel to be transmitted in the CAP; and for the remaining higher priority transmission queues, the data to be transmitted is sent in GTS mode according to the priority order;
  • the physical layer module 404 is configured to receive data from the MAC layer module 403 and transmit the data.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a coordinator, that is, a coordination device, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the coordinator device of the present invention mainly includes a request module 501 and a GTS allocation module 502 from a functional logic point of view.
  • the requesting module 501 is configured to receive a GTS request of the node.
  • the GTS allocation module 502 is configured to allocate a GTS time slot to the node according to a priority level of the data to be sent in the node; if the GTS allocation module 502 receives the GTS request of the new high priority node, suspend or reduce the allocation to the current low.
  • the GTS time slot of the priority node is then allocated for use by the high priority node and broadcast to the node in the 0 time slot of the next superframe; after the high priority node data transmission is completed, the time slot is reassigned to the A low priority node that suspends or reduces a time slot, or is assigned to a high priority node that has sent a new GTS request.
  • the present invention provides two solutions: One way is to set a first timer in the node, when the data is written into the MAC layer module 403 sending queue, The first timer is started, and when the data waiting duration exceeds a predetermined duration, the priority of the data is increased according to a preset rule.
  • the rule may increase the priority of the data when the current predetermined duration expires. Once the time is reached again, the data is still not sent, and its priority level is increased again, and so on. The longer the waiting time, the higher the priority level, thus increasing the data transmission rate.
  • the other way is to set the second in the coordinator.
  • FIG. 6 is a general flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is specifically described as follows: Step 601: A node in a network sends a GTS request to a coordinator.
  • the lowest priority data to be sent it can be transmitted in the CAP according to the existing CSMA/CA method.
  • Step 602 The coordinator receives the GTS request of the node, and allocates the GTS time slot to the node according to the priority level of the data to be sent in the node.
  • Step 603 The node transmits data in the allocated GTS slot.
  • the coordinator If the coordinator receives a high priority GTS request after the current time slot is allocated, the coordinator will suspend or reduce the time slot allocated to the current low priority node, and then assign it to the high priority node for use, and In the case where the high priority node transmits data and no other high priority node sends a GTS request, the time slot is reassigned to the low priority node that is suspended or reduced.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention. This embodiment uses a Zigbee beacon network as an example. As shown in FIG. 7, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 701 Each node in the Zigbee beacon network, when there is data to be sent, first encapsulates the to-be-sent data into the APDU in the application layer, and determines the priority level of the data to be sent according to a preset priority level table.
  • Priority level 0 represents the highest priority level and is used to identify some urgent services or events in the network, such as network reconfiguration, important alarm information, and other emergency notifications.
  • the priority level data is generally the least;
  • Priority level 1 represents a high priority level for identifying important network management commands, some command frames in the network, such as association requests, and voice data;
  • Priority 2 represents a medium priority and is used to identify common network management commands, networks.
  • Some command frames in the network such as data polling requests, and some application business data such as information published data, data of positioning services, data of network chats and online games;
  • Priority level 3 represents a low priority level and is used to identify data for some common services, such as data shared data and periodic sensor data.
  • the node application layer transmits the priority level of the APDU corresponding to the data to be transmitted to the node network layer.
  • Step 702 The node network layer encapsulates the APDU transmitted by the application layer and the priority level of the data to be sent to the network layer protocol data unit, and identifies the priority level of the packet in the frame control domain of the network layer packet.
  • Table 1 shows the format of the network layer protocol data unit, as shown in Table 1:
  • the format of the frame control field of the network layer protocol data unit is as shown in Table 2:
  • 11 to 12 bits are used to identify the priority level of the message, and the information identified by the remaining bits is the same as the prior art.
  • Step 703 The node MAC layer receives the network layer protocol data unit from the network layer, adds a MAC frame header in front of the network layer protocol data unit, identifies the priority level of the frame in the frame control field of the MAC frame header, and encapsulates the MAC frame. .
  • Table 3 shows the format of the MAC frame, as shown in Table 3:
  • a plurality of sending queues of different priority levels are set in the MAC layer, and the encapsulated MAC frames are written into different sending queues according to the priority level, and are waiting to be sent.
  • the higher the priority the shorter the corresponding send queue, the lower the priority, and the longer the corresponding send queue.
  • the specific queue length can be determined according to the services carried by the Zigbee network.
  • the CSMA/CA mode in the prior art is used to transmit the access channel in the CAP, and the data in the remaining three higher-level transmission queues is to be sent.
  • GTS transmission is performed in the order of high priority to low priority.
  • Step 704 The node sends a GTS request command to the coordinator in the Zigbee network, requesting to allocate the GTS time slot required for transmitting the data.
  • Table 5 shows the format of the GTS request command: Octet information
  • the 6-7 bits in the above GTS request command are used to identify the priority level of the data frame to be transmitted, and the information identified by the remaining bits is the same as the prior art.
  • the node first sends a GTS request for the data in the current highest priority queue.
  • Step 705 The coordinator receives the GTS request of each node during the start of the next superframe, and allocates GTS slots to each node according to the priority order.
  • the coordinator first allocates time slots for high priority nodes, then allocates time slots for the next highest priority nodes, and so on. If multiple GTS requests of the same priority are received during this time, they are received on a first-come, first-served basis. The order is allocated in time slots: The coordinator first constructs the GTS description and writes this information into the beacon frame, broadcasting the beacon frame to each node in the 0 slot of the next superframe.
  • Step 706 Each node sends data according to the allocated GTS slot.
  • the corresponding node sends a GTS release request to the coordinator after the data is sent, and after receiving the response from the coordinator, releases the occupied GTS slot; if the data to be sent is If the transmission cannot be completed within one superframe, the node continues to transmit data with the allocated time slot in the next superframe until the transmission is completed.
  • Step 707 The coordinator determines whether a new high priority node GTS request is received. If not, the step 706 is repeated. If yes, step 708 is performed. Step 708: The coordinator adjusts the current time slot allocation, suspends or reduces the time slot allocated by the node with the lowest priority, allocates to the high priority node that sends the new request, and broadcasts to each time slot 0 of the next beacon frame. node.
  • Step 709 After receiving the beacon frame, the high priority node sends data in the designated time slot according to the GTS description; and the low priority node can only suspend transmission or send data in the reduced time slot.
  • Step 710 The high priority node data is sent, requesting to release the occupied GTS time slot.
  • the node releases the GTS slot after the current data is sent.
  • Step 711 The coordinator again determines whether the GTS request of the high priority node is received. If yes, step 708 is repeated; if not, step 712 is performed.
  • Step 712 The coordinator reassigns the released time slot according to the record to the low priority node that is suspended or reduced in the GTS slot.
  • Step 713 The low priority node continues to transmit data, and if no other high priority node is disturbed, the data is always sent, and then the GTS slot is released.
  • the coordinator After the low priority node releases the GTS time slot, if there are new GTS requests in the network or nodes that have not sent data due to reasons such as suspension, the coordinator still performs time slot allocation according to the priority order; otherwise, the coordinator will The released GTS time slot is allocated to the CAP, and the process ends. Of course, if the coordinator receives a new GTS request again, the time slot is assigned to the CFP from the CAP.
  • low priority data may be always unable to be transmitted due to being continuously suspended or reduced.
  • the present invention provides two solutions: One way is at the node MAC layer.
  • the timer is set in the sending queue. When the data is written into the MAC layer sending queue, the timer is started. When a certain data waiting time exceeds the timing duration, the priority of the data is raised according to a preset rule. For example, the rule may be For When the current scheduled timeout expires, the priority level of the data is increased by one level. If the data is not sent again after reaching the timing duration again, the priority level is raised again, and so on, the longer the waiting time is, the higher the priority level is, thereby increasing the data.
  • the other is to set a timer in the coordinator.
  • the coordinator starts the timer.
  • the recorded node pauses for more than the time duration, it is preferentially allocated when there is a free time slot. Used for this node.
  • the module in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by using hardware or any suitable combination of software and hardware.
  • the control method in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by using a software carrier or a data storage device carrying the software. to realise.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour transmettre des données. Il comprend les étapes suivantes : un nœud transmet une requête d'intervalle de temps de garantie (GTS) à un coordinateur et transmet des données dans l'intervalle GTS distribué par le coordinateur en fonction de la requête, l'intervalle GTS est distribué par le coordinateur en fonction de la priorité des données à transmettre dans la requête de nœud. Après cela, si le coordinateur a reçu une requête GTS d'un nœud avec une priorité supérieure, il suspend ou réduit l'intervalle GTS distribué du nœud actuel avec une priorité inférieure, les distribue sur un nœud avec une priorité supérieure pour l'utilisation et s'assure donc que des informations importantes sur le réseau soient transmises de préférence. L'invention concerne simultanément un système pour transmettre des données, un dispositif de nœud et un dispositif de coordination. En appliquant le procédé, le système et le dispositif décrits par l'invention, la transmission préférentielle des informations importantes dans le réseau peut être obtenue, puis on fournit partiellement un service de qualité de service réseau (QoS).
PCT/CN2007/071001 2006-11-28 2007-11-01 Procédé et système pour transmettre des données et dispositif de nœud et dispositif de coordination WO2008064598A1 (fr)

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