WO2008060225A1 - Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material - Google Patents
Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008060225A1 WO2008060225A1 PCT/SE2007/001010 SE2007001010W WO2008060225A1 WO 2008060225 A1 WO2008060225 A1 WO 2008060225A1 SE 2007001010 W SE2007001010 W SE 2007001010W WO 2008060225 A1 WO2008060225 A1 WO 2008060225A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- range
- brazing
- brazing material
- alloy
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for instance Cu- Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/011—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/089—Coatings, claddings or bonding layers made from metals or metal alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
- B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
- Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
Definitions
- Brazing material a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material
- the present invention relates to a high alloyed iron-based braze filler material, a method of brazing, a product brazed with the high alloyed iron- based braze filler material.
- brazing is a process for joining parts of metals, but brazing can also be used for sealing objects or coating objects.
- the brazing temperature is below the original solidus temperature of the base material. During brazing of materials the brazing material is completely or partly melted during the heat treatment.
- Nickel-based or Copper-based brazing materials can cause corrosion due to for example differences in electrode potential. The corrosion problem will be enhanced when the brazed object is exposed to a chemically aggressive environment.
- the use of Nickel-based or Copper-based brazing material can also be limited in a number of food applications due to jurisdictions.
- One problem is the melting point of the coating or brazing materials, which are highly alloyed.
- a brazing material or a coating material considerations are based on the solidus or liquidus temperatures of the alloy and the base material.
- Lately iron-based brazing materials have been developed for brazing objects of traditional stainless steel. These iron-based brazing materials are functioning quite well.
- One problem will evidently occur when the base material of an object is a high- alloyed iron-based material, since these lately developed iron-based brazing materials will have a different electrode potential compared to the high-alloyed iron-based material. Differences in electrode potential between the brazed areas and the base material of the object can cause corrosion problems when the high-alloyed steel objects are use in certain environments and applications.
- the high-alloyed steels have been developed to obtain improved properties for applications in environments, which are corrosive, chemically aggressive etc. Therefore there is a need that the brazing material, when brazing highly alloyed steels, has similar properties such as corrosion resistance as the high alloyed base material, otherwise the brazing material may be limiting the properties of the brazed product.
- High-alloyed iron-based materials are today mainly welded, since the difference in properties between the present brazing materials like for instance Cu-, Ni, and Fe based brazing materials are too wide.
- the welding technique is costly and time consuming and thus not wished for because the welding normally results in quite large stresses in the produced product.
- the present invention provides a new iron-based brazing material, which has a more equal electrode potential between the brazed areas and the high-alloyed iron-based base material of the object.
- the present invention does also have a property to braze an area below the temperature where the brazing material is fully melted and be able to fill and wet the area and crevices etc. when brazing.
- the present invention thus relates to an iron-based brazing material comprising an alloy containing three or more elements of the group consisting of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo).
- the alloy contains also one or more melting point depressing elements selected from the group consisting of silicon (Si), boron (B), and phosphorus (P).
- the alloy may contain an amount of chromium (Cr), an amount of nickel (Ni), and an amount of molybdenum 5 (Mo), which being defined by the formula (wt% Cr + wt% Ni + wt% Mo) > 33 wt%.
- the amount of chromium (Cr), the amount of nickel (Ni), and the amount of molybdenum (Mo) be defined by the formula (wt% Cr + wt% Ni + wt% Mo) > 38 wt%.
- the iron-based5 brazing material comprise an alloy containing elements of the group consisting of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo), and melting point depressing elements, which comprise one or more of the elements of the group consisting of silicon
- Si silicon
- B boron
- P phosphorus
- the present invention relates also to an iron-based brazing material comprising an alloy containing essentially 15 to 30 percent by weight,0 hereinafter wt%, chromium (Cr), 0 to 5.0 wt% manganese (Mn), 15 to 30 wt% nickel (Ni), 0 to 12 wt% molybdenum (Mo), 0 to 4.0 wt% copper (Cu) 1 0 to 1.0 wt% nitrogen (N), 0 to 20 wt% silicone (Si), 0 to 2.0 wt% boron (B), 0 to 16 wt% phosphorus (P), and optionally 0.0 to 2.5 wt% of each of one or more of elements selected from the group consisting of carbon (C), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), aluminium (Al), niobium (Nb), hafnium (Hf), and tantalum (Ta); the alloy being balanced with Fe, and small inevitable amounts of contaminating elements;
- the alloy consist of the above-mentioned elements wherein chromium is within the range from about 18 to about 26 wt% or nickel is within the range of from about 16 to about 26 wt% or molybdenum is within the range from about 1.0 to about 12.0 wt%, or combinations thereof.
- the alloy consist of the above-mentioned elements wherein chromium is within the range from about 19 to about 25 wt% or nickel is within the range of from about 17 to about 26 wt% or molybdenum is within the range from about 3.5 to about 8.0 wt%, or combinations thereof.
- any one of the elements selected from the group consisting of carbon (C), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), aluminium (Al) 1 niobium (Nb), hafnium (Hf), and tantalum (Ta) be in an amount within the range from about 0 to 1.5 wt%.
- the contaminating elements in the alloy be any one of carbon (C), oxygen (O), and sulphur (S).
- Ni be present in the alloy and the amount is within the range of 0.1 to 1.0.
- manganese be present in the alloy and the amount is within the range of 0.1 to 4.5.
- the alloy may contain silicone within the range from about 8.0 to about 12 wt% or boron within the range from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt% or phosphorus within the range from about 5.0 to about 14 wt%, or combinations thereof.
- the alloy may contain silicone within the range from about 8.0 to about 12 wt% or boron within the range from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt% or phosphorus within the range from about 5.0 to about 14 wt%, or combinations thereof.
- the alloy may contain silicone within the range from about 8.0 to about 12 wt% and boron within the range from about 0.25 to about 0.80 wt% B.
- the alloy may contain phosphorus within the range from about 7.0 to about 13 wt%. According to yet another alternative aspect of the present invention may the alloy contain silicone within the range from about 2.0 to about 8.0 wt% and phosphorus within the range from about 2.0 to about 8.0 wt%.
- the alloy may contain silicone less than 10 wt% or boron less than 1.5 wt% or phosphorus less than 12 wt%, or combinations thereof.
- the alloy may contain silicone within the range of from about 8.0 to about 12 wt% and boron is within the range of from about 0.1 to about 1.5 wt%.
- the alloy may contain silicone within the range of from about 2.5 to about 9.0 wt% and phosphorous is within the range of from about 2.5 to about 9.0 wt%.
- the brazing cycle involves both melting and solidifying of the brazing material.
- the melting temperature and solidifying temperature may be the same for very specific materials, but the usual situation is that materials are melting within temperature range of melting, and solidifying within another temperature range of solidifying.
- the temperature range between the solidus state and the liquidus state is herein defined as the temperature difference between the solidus state and the liquidus state, and is measured in a number of 0 C.
- the brazing material of the invention has thus a temperature range between the solidus state and the liquidus state, which according to one alternative aspect of the invention may be within a temperature range of 200 0 C. According to another alternative may the alloy have solidus temperature and a liquidus temperature within a temperature range of 150 0 C.
- the alloy have solidus temperature and a liquidus temperature within a temperature range of 100 0 C. According to another alternative aspect of the invention may the alloy have solidus temperature and a liquidus temperature within a range of 75°C. According to another alternative aspect of the invention may the alloy have solidus temperature and a liquidus temperature within a range of 50 0 C.
- the alloy of the invention may suitable be obtained by gas or water atomising processes, by melt-spinning process, by crushing of ingots containing the iron-based alloy material, or by mixing alloy such as high alloyed steels with alloys containing Si, P, B, or combinations thereof, in a higher amount than the high alloyed steels used when blending or by mixing alloy such as alloys with high chromium content, nickel content, molybdenum content, or combinations thereof, with alloys containing Si, P, B, or combinations thereof, in a higher amount than the alloys used when blending.
- the iron-based brazing material be manufactured as a paste.
- the iron-based brazing paste of the invention may comprise the iron-based brazing material and an aqueous binder system or an organic binder system.
- the binder system may comprise a solvent, which could be hydrophilic or hydrophobic i.e. water-based or oil-based.
- the oil-based binder could be polymers such as poly (met) acrylate among others, could be biopolymers such as cellulose derivatives, starches, waxes, etc.
- the iron-based brazing paste of the invention comprise the iron-based brazing material and an aqueous binder system or an organic binder system based on a solvent such as water, oils, or combinations thereof.
- the alloy comprised in the paste may be in form of powder, granules etc.
- the present invention relates also to a method of brazing articles of stainless steel, comprising the following steps: step (i) applying the brazing material of the invention on to parts of stainless steel; step (ii) optionally assembling the parts; step (iii) heating the parts from step (i) or step (ii) in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, in a reducing atmosphere, in vacuum or combinations thereof up to a temperature of at least 900 0 C, and then brazing the parts at the temperature of at least 1070 0 C for at least 15 minutes; and optionally step (iv) repeating one or more of step (i), step (ii) and step (iii).
- step (iv) Different brazed products need different brazing procedures; some products could be brazed by just going through step (i), step (ii) and step (iii), but other products are more complicated and one or more of step (i), step (ii) and step (iii) need to be repeated is indicated in step (iv).
- the parts are brazed at the temperature of at least 1100 0 C.
- the method also comprise that the parts in step (iii) are heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, in a reducing atmosphere, in vacuum, or combinations thereof, up to a temperature of at least 250 0 C for at least 10 minutes, then heating the parts up to a temperature of less then 1080 0 C for at least 30 minutes, then heating the parts up to a temperature over about 1100 0 C for less than 720 minutes, and then cooling the parts.
- the heating the parts up to a temperature over about 1100 0 C be for less than 360 minutes before the cooling the parts.
- the heating the parts up to a temperature over about 1100°C be for less than 180 minutes before the cooling the parts.
- the method also comprise that the parts in step (iii) are preheated to a temperature below 1120 0 C before heating to a temperature of about 1200 0 C for at least 30 minutes.
- the method also comprise that the parts in step (iii) are preheated up to a temperature below 1120 0 C before heating up to a temperature within the range from 1150°C to 1250°C for at least 30 minutes.
- the method also comprise that the parts in step (iii) are preheated up to a temperature below 1120°C before heating up to a temperature of app. 1200 0 C for at least 120 minutes. And then heat treating the parts at a temperature above 950°C for at least accumulated 20 min, this can be made in the braze cycle, but also after the braze in e.g. at a second heating source.
- the brazing material be sprayed as a powder on the surfaces, which shall be joined by for instance by a paint spray gun", rolling, brushing, thermal spraying, e.g. high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) etc or may the surface, joint etc. be coated by melts.
- a paint spray gun rolling, brushing, thermal spraying, e.g. high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) etc or may the surface, joint etc. be coated by melts.
- HVOF high velocity oxygen fuel
- the iron based brazing filler material may be applied to planar surfaces or to large surfaces by the aid of capillary force breakers.
- the capillary force breakers can be in form of grooves, traces, paths, passages, v or u shaped tracks or pathways etc. or in form of nets etc.
- the iron-based brazing filler material may be applied into the capillary force breakers, i.e. into the grooves, traces, paths, passages, v or u shaped tracks, pathways, nets etc., or may the brazing filler material be applied close to the capillary force breakers. During heating the applied iron-based brazing filler material will flow to the area where the capillary force may be broken and braze together the surfaces, which are adjacent to each other.
- the brazed area provides brazed, sealed or tight cervices, joints etc. between planar surface where it is hard otherwise to braze uniformly.
- the capillary force breakers enable also brazing of surfaces having large crevices, parts having odd shape, etc.
- a reactor channel may be functioning as a capillary force breaker.
- a plate having a reactor channel is applied with brazing material and a barrier plate or the like is placed in contact with the reactor channel plate. The flowing brazing material will stop and set at boarder of the reactor channel, which will seal the reactor plate against the barrier plate without filling the reactor channel with set brazing material.
- brazing material How far the brazing material can flow between two bordering surfaces depends partly on the brazing materials setting time and the distance between the surfaces, and the amount of brazing material. Since the brazing material "sticks" to each surface, which is to be brazed, the intermediate space between the surfaces becomes smaller. As the intermediate space becomes smaller while at the same time the brazing material sets, it also becomes more difficult for the brazing material to flow in between.
- the desired amount of brazing material is supplied to the contact points, which are to be brazed together in any of the described or other ways.
- the brazing material may cover an area that is somewhat larger than the contact joint point.
- the contact joint points may have a diameter of at least 0.5 mm.
- brazing process is a metallic process and the respective surfaces for brazing take the form of metallic material, then iron-based brazing material during the brazing process diffuses with bordering surfaces, which are to be brazed together.
- the joint or seam between the two joined surfaces will more or less "disappear” during the brazing process according to one aspect of the invention.
- the brazed seam together with the surfaces of the metallic parts will become a unity with only small changes in material composition of the alloys.
- brazing material migrate by capillary forces to areas to be joined by brazing.
- the brazing material according to the invention has good wetting ability and good flow ability, which will result that residual alloys around the brazing areas will be small.
- the residual alloys after brazing have a thickness less than 0.1 mm on the applied surfaces.
- the present invention relates also to an article of stainless steel obtained by the present method.
- the present invention relates further to a brazed article of stainless steel, which comprises at least one base material of stainless steel and brazed brazing material of the invention.
- the articles or the parts be selected from reactors, separators, columns, heat exchangers, or equipments for chemical plants or food plants, or for car industry.
- the objects be heat exchangers, plate reactors, or combinations thereof.
- the brazed article be a paring disc, which is used in a separator.
- the articles be brazed heat exchanger plates, brazed reactor plates, or combinations thereof.
- the plates can be endplates, adaptor plates, sealing plates, frame plates etc., and constitute a heat exchanger system.
- Each of the heat exchanger plates comprise at least one port recess, which port recesses together form part of a port channel when the plates are placed on one another.
- the plates are stacked together in a plate stack or a plate pack in the heat exchanger.
- the plate package comprises between the plates a number of channels, which accommodate a number of media.
- the media in adjacent channels are subject to temperature transfer through the heat transfer plate in a conventional manner.
- the plates may comprise an edge, which may partly extend down and over the edge portion of an adjacent heat transfer plate in the plate stack.
- a channel may be formed between the plates.
- This channel either allows flow of a medium or is closed so that no flow takes place and the channel is therefore empty.
- an adaptor plate or an endplate may be fitted to the package.
- the surfaces of the endplate or the adaptor plate are with may be planar so that contact surfaces between the surfaces may be maximised.
- the respective port recesses on the plates coincide, thereby forming a channel.
- brazing material may be applied round the port region between the plates.
- the brazing material may be placed in or close by a capillary force breaker, which may extend wholly or partly round the port region between the plates.
- a capillary force breaker which may extend wholly or partly round the port region between the plates.
- brazing material may be applied on different pre-designed or predetermined parts of the plates. During the brazing process, the brazing material will become viscous and will flow from the applied parts out between the plates due to the action of capillary force.
- the advantage of applying brazing material on to predetermined places makes it possible to control volume and amount of the brazing material, and to control which parts of the surfaces to be brazed and which are not.
- brazing a heat exchanger at least three heat exchanger plates are needed, but it is usual that several plates are brazed together.
- the brazing method of the invention may either comprise brazing the article assembled with all its parts at the same time or may the article be brazed in a stepwise fashion where parts are first assembled and brazed together, and then assembled with further parts and brazed together, and so on using the same type of brazing material in each brazing cycle.
- Test samples 1 to 12 were made for checking the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the brazing material of the invention.
- the compositions of the test samples are summarised in Table 1.
- the liquidus and solidus temperature of the samples was tested by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA).
- the atmosphere used when analysing was Argon.
- the test was performed with a heating and cooling rate of 10°C/min.
- the liquidus temperature is the temperature above which a substance is completely liquid.
- the solidus temperature is the temperature below which a substance is completely solid.
- the values for the solidus and liquidus temperature were established by estimations where the melting process started and stopped. The estimations were performed by approximation of the melting curve, which was measured and registered as a DTA-curve, see Figure 3.
- the melting process can be seen in the DTA-curve by the change in the gradient of the heating curve. When the process is finalised, the gradient becomes constant again.
- a "bend test” was performed on sample no. 6 and a photo was taken on the result, see Figure 1.
- Sample 6 was placed on a plate of base material and heated in a vacuum furnace for at least 10 minutes at approximately 1200 0 C. The test plate was then cooled to room temperature and a "bend test" was performed.
- Figure 1 is showing the base material 1 at the bottom of the photo, a reaction zone 2 above the base material, which reaction zone is a zone where the brazing material and the base material has diffused together.
- On top of the reaction zone is the brazed material 3.
- the photo is showing that the bending test created a crack 4 in the brazed material 3, which was expected.
- the surprising result was that the crack did not pass the reaction zone 2, but instead the crack turned and stopped.
- a new test was made using sample no. 7 and the same procedure, see photo in Figure 2. The second test did result with a similar crack, which also was turning away from the reaction zone.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/515,046 US8287805B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material |
BRPI0718907A BRPI0718907B1 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | iron-based brazing material, stainless steel brazing material, and brazed article |
JP2009537116A JP2010510067A (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, brazing method, brazed article, and paste containing the brazing material |
CA2669961A CA2669961C (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material |
KR1020147026277A KR20140119204A (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material |
EP07835209A EP2081730A4 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material |
CN2007800425315A CN101588890B (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material |
AU2007320099A AU2007320099B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material |
KR1020167017205A KR20160083130A (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material |
NO20091967A NO20091967L (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2009-05-20 | Hard solder material, hard solder method, soldered article and a paste comprising this solder material |
US13/609,681 US20130084467A1 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2012-09-11 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article, and a paste comprising this brazing material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0602466-5 | 2006-11-17 | ||
SE0602466A SE530724C2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2006-11-17 | Solder material, method for soldering with this solder material, soldered object produced by the method and solder paste comprising the solder material |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/609,681 Continuation-In-Part US20130084467A1 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2012-09-11 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article, and a paste comprising this brazing material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008060225A1 true WO2008060225A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
WO2008060225B1 WO2008060225B1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/SE2007/001010 WO2008060225A1 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-11-14 | Brazing material, a method of brazing, a brazed article and a paste comprising this brazing material |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8287805B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2081730A4 (en) |
JP (2) | JP2010510067A (en) |
KR (3) | KR20160083130A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101588890B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007320099B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0718907B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2669961C (en) |
NO (1) | NO20091967L (en) |
RU (1) | RU2458770C2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE530724C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008060225A1 (en) |
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-
2006
- 2006-11-17 SE SE0602466A patent/SE530724C2/en unknown
-
2007
- 2007-11-14 EP EP07835209A patent/EP2081730A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-11-14 BR BRPI0718907A patent/BRPI0718907B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-14 CN CN2007800425315A patent/CN101588890B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-14 US US12/515,046 patent/US8287805B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-14 KR KR1020167017205A patent/KR20160083130A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-11-14 JP JP2009537116A patent/JP2010510067A/en active Pending
- 2007-11-14 WO PCT/SE2007/001010 patent/WO2008060225A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-11-14 KR KR1020147026277A patent/KR20140119204A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-11-14 RU RU2009122975/02A patent/RU2458770C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-14 AU AU2007320099A patent/AU2007320099B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-11-14 KR KR1020097012450A patent/KR20090084942A/en active Search and Examination
- 2007-11-14 CA CA2669961A patent/CA2669961C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-05-20 NO NO20091967A patent/NO20091967L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2012
- 2012-09-11 US US13/609,681 patent/US20130084467A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2013
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2007320099A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
AU2007320099B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
EP2081730A1 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
CN101588890A (en) | 2009-11-25 |
WO2008060225B1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
BRPI0718907B1 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
JP2010510067A (en) | 2010-04-02 |
CA2669961A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
JP2013208650A (en) | 2013-10-10 |
JP6170723B2 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
RU2458770C2 (en) | 2012-08-20 |
RU2009122975A (en) | 2010-12-27 |
CA2669961C (en) | 2014-08-12 |
US8287805B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 |
EP2081730A4 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
KR20160083130A (en) | 2016-07-11 |
NO20091967L (en) | 2009-06-16 |
KR20140119204A (en) | 2014-10-08 |
KR20090084942A (en) | 2009-08-05 |
US20130084467A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
US20090305078A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
CN101588890B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
BRPI0718907A2 (en) | 2013-12-10 |
SE530724C2 (en) | 2008-08-26 |
SE0602466L (en) | 2008-05-18 |
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