WO2008060196A1 - A cooling system and method including coolant accumulator and solar cells for electricity production - Google Patents

A cooling system and method including coolant accumulator and solar cells for electricity production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008060196A1
WO2008060196A1 PCT/SE2006/001301 SE2006001301W WO2008060196A1 WO 2008060196 A1 WO2008060196 A1 WO 2008060196A1 SE 2006001301 W SE2006001301 W SE 2006001301W WO 2008060196 A1 WO2008060196 A1 WO 2008060196A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coolant
cooling
generating device
accumulator
cooling system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2006/001301
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marco Rydbo
Original Assignee
Gf Konsult Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gf Konsult Ab filed Critical Gf Konsult Ab
Priority to PCT/SE2006/001301 priority Critical patent/WO2008060196A1/en
Publication of WO2008060196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008060196A1/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/02Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
    • F24F1/022Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing comprising a compressor cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/272Solar heating or cooling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20Solar thermal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14Thermal energy storage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • TITLE a cooling system and method including coolant accumulator and solar cells for electricity production
  • the invention concerns a cooling system for a house comprising an electrically driven cool generating device for cooling a coolant, and a power source for driving the cool generating device.
  • the cooling system also comprises a coolant feeding system comprising a coolant feeding device and a cooling device for cooling the house, wherein the coolant feeding device is arranged to feed coolant from the cooling generating device to the cooling device.
  • the invention also concerns a method for such a system.
  • cooling systems comprising a compressor, a decompressing mechanism, an evaporator, a condenser, and a tubing arrangement interconnecting the said parts and comprising a refrigerant.
  • the condenser is positioned outside the house and the evaporator is positioned inside the house.
  • the compressor compresses the refrigerant wherein the energy in the refrigerant increases.
  • the refrigerant is then fed to the condenser where the excess energy is removed by the refrigerant giving off heat to the surroundings via condenser walls.
  • the refrigerant is then fed to the decompressing mechanism, for example a check valve, where the refrigerant is decompressed wherein the energy in the refrigerant decreases to a low temperature according to the vapour pressure diagram of the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant is then fed to the evaporator where the temperature of the refrigerant is lower than the surroundings wherein the refrigerant takes up energy from its surroundings via walls in the evaporator and consequently evaporates.
  • the surroundings i.e. air in the house or a room, then become cooler du to the energy transferred to the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant is then fed to the compressor and the cycle is complete.
  • One problem with this cycle is that power continuously has to be fed to the compressor for continuous cooling of the surroundings.
  • a further disadvantage with the previously known system is that the compressor is arranged to frequently be switched on and off dependent on the needed cooling effect. This uneven mode of operation shortens the life expectancy of the compressor and thus the system.
  • the object of the present invention is to find an improved cooling system for a house, especially for a house being positioned in a climate being hot day and night.
  • a house positioned in such a hot climate may need cooling day and night and possibly also all-the-year-round and the benefits of the invention then becomes more evident than if the cooling system is used in a climate that needs cooling only during a part of the day and night and/or during a part of the year.
  • the invention thus refers to a cooling system for a house comprising an electrically driven cool generating device for cooling a coolant, and a power source for driving the cool generating device.
  • the cooling system also comprises a coolant feeding system comprising a coolant feeding device and a cooling device for cooling the house, wherein the coolant feeding device is arranged to feed coolant from the cooling generating device to the cooling device.
  • the invention is characterised in that the power source comprises solar cells arranged to generate electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device and wherein the coolant feeding system comprises an accumulator for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day and wherein the coolant feeding device is arranged to feed coolant from the accumulator to the cooling device during the non-sunny hours of the day.
  • coolant refers to a liquid cooling medium
  • refrigerant refers to a compressible medium
  • accumulator refers to a device for storing a coolant
  • the cooling system may comprise batteries or the like for storing electricity from the solar cells for driving the cooling system during the night, but the cooling system may also use external electrical sources for driving the system during the night.
  • the cool generating device is shut off and the only thing that has to be driven is the circulation of the coolant from the accumulator to the cooling device.
  • the circulation may be achieved by use of a pump or the like that consumes very little energy compared to the cool generating device.
  • the system thus saves energy compared to the previously known systems.
  • the small amount of energy needed for driving the pump may be produced by a small wind power station positioned at a suitable location on the house or in the vicinity of the house.
  • the cool generating device then becomes self supported with regard to energy and power sources are all harmless to the environment.
  • the circulation may also be achieved by arranging the components in the system so that potential energy, for example by the coolant, is used for circulating the coolant.
  • the potential energy may, for example, be gained if the accumulator is positioned on the roof the cooling device at a lower position. If the accumulator is positioned on the roof it should be protected by a sun shelter.
  • the sun shelter preferably allows the wind to pass by the accumulator so that the cooling effect of the wind may be used.
  • the solar cells provide for an electricity production that is harmless to the environment, i.e. the production of electricity is done without using any hydrocarbon fuels or nuclear power.
  • the cool generating device works only during daytime conditions, i.e. when the sun is up. This has the advantage that the system runs essentially continuously when running, which gives an optimum efficiency during the cooling operation, and that the cool generating device is disengaged during night time, which increases the life expectancy of the cool generating device.
  • a further advantage with the invention is thus that the compressor works during long cycles since the coolant needs to be fed more or less continuously to the accumulator during the day. This even mode of operation increases the life expectancy of the compressor and thus the cooling system.
  • Yet another advantage is that the accumulation of the coolant in the accumulator is a cheap, easy and silent way to provide a cool environment during night time for the house to be cooled.
  • the coolant is advantageously a liquid fluid for example water or ethylene glycol or the like.
  • the coolant feeding device therefore advantageously comprises a first tubing arrangement for transporting the coolant.
  • the first tubing arrangement is arranged to interconnect the accumulator, the cooling device and the cool generating device.
  • the first tubing arrangement may comprise any type of pipes or tubes, for example, plastic, or metallic, and is advantageously isolated by a suitable material so that the coolant is not accidentally heated during the fluid transport in the first tubing arrangement.
  • the accumulator advantageously comprises an isolated container comprising an inlet opening and an outlet opening to which the first tubing arrangement is connected.
  • the coolant feeding system comprises a valve, for example a shunt, (hereinafter called a shunt) arranged to control the flow in the coolant feeding device so that a part of the coolant being fed from the cool generating device is fed to the cooling device and that another part of the coolant is bypassed the cooling the device, for example so that the coolant is fed to the accumulator or is fed to and consequently mixed with the flux of coolant emanating from the cooling device.
  • the shunt is a device that can control the flow of coolant in the first tubing arrangement. The shunt divides the flow of coolant into at least two pipes and the amount of coolant for the pipes may be controlled by the shunt.
  • the shunt may control the flow from zero to full in one of the pipes, e.g. the pipe going from the shunt to the cooling device, and consequently from full to zero in the other pipe, e.g. the pipe that goes from the shunt to the accumulator.
  • the cooling device advantageously comprises an assembly of cooling elements in which the coolant flows.
  • the cooling efficiency may be enhanced by the use of an external fan arranged to blow air passing the cooling elements.
  • the coolant feeding system may comprise a first pump for transporting coolant in the first tubing arrangement.
  • the first pump may be positioned anywhere in the system as long as the cooling device is feed coolant during both day and night. When positioning the first pump, it must be taken into consideration that the cool generating device only works during daytime and that the coolant must be fed from the accumulator.
  • the first pump is arranged between the shunt and the cooling device. The shunt then decides how much coolant that shall be bypassed the cooling device and how much coolant that shall be fed to the coolant device.
  • the coolant feeding system comprises a second pump for transporting coolant in the first tubing arrangement. The second pump is advantageously arranged between the accumulator and the cool generating device, for feeding coolant through the cool generating device.
  • the first pump is thus preferably arranged to control the flow of the coolant through the cooling device and the second pump is arranged to control the flow of the coolant through the cool generating device.
  • the first tubing arrangement is thus arranged so that the first pump and the second pump control the flow of the coolant to and from the accumulator.
  • the first pump is arranged in a position relative the cool generating device, the cooling device and the accumulator so that the flow of coolant can be directed to and from the accumulator and through the cooling device by either passing the cool generating device or by by-passing the cool generating device.
  • the flow of the coolant in the first tubing arrangement may be controlled by one or more shunts or flow-switches, comprised in the coolant feeding system, and arranged to direct and/ or divide the flow of coolant.
  • the cool generating device comprises an energy transfer unit for transferring energy from the coolant to the cool generating device.
  • the transfer of energy from the coolant lowers the temperature of the coolant in a known manner.
  • the cool generating device comprises a second tubing arrangement comprising a refrigerant.
  • the cool generating device is then preferably a compressor driven refrigerating machine of evaporation type comprising a compressor, a check valve, a condenser and the energy transfer unit in the form of an evaporator.
  • the refrigerant takes up heat from the coolant in the energy transfer unit whereafter the energy from the coolant and the energy given to the refrigerant in the compressor is given off in the condenser.
  • the condenser is preferably positioned outside of the house so that the heat from the condenser does not affect the in-house environment.
  • One benefit of using a compressor driven refrigerating machine is that the components are cheap and easy to maintain and that the hot part of the machine easily can be put outside the house. Furthermore, such a machine can produce a high cooling effect and the machine may easily be upgraded by change of compressor should there exist a need for an increased cooling effect in the house.
  • the compressor may be arranged so that it uses the maximum energy from the solar cells even if this energy is not enough to drive the compressor at its maximum capacity. This has the advantage that the compressor starts working when the sun rises and increases its efficiency with the change of inclination of the sun in relation to the solar cells when the sun moves over the sky, and that the compressor continuous to work with decreasing effect when the sun starts to set.
  • the cool generating device may comprise an electrically driven cooling element.
  • a cooling element may be in the form of a semi-conductor and is known from, for example, United States Patent 7096676.
  • the energy transfer unit comprises a part of the first tubing arrangement and a part of the cool generating device.
  • the invention also refers to a method for a cooling system for a house comprising a cool generating device for cooling a coolant driven by a en electrical power source.
  • the cooling system also comprises a coolant feeding system comprising a coolant feeding device and a cooling device for cooling the house, wherein the coolant feeding device feeds coolant from the cooling generating device to the cooling device/battery.
  • the power source comprises solar cells for generating electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device and in that the coolant feeding system comprises an accumulator for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day and wherein the coolant feeding device feeds coolant from the accumulator to the cooling device during the non-sunny hours of the day.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a cooling system for a house according to a first embodiment of the invention, and where;
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a cooling system for a house according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a cooling system 1 for a house 2 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the cooling system 1 comprises a cool generating device 3 and a coolant feeding system 4 comprising a coolant feeding device 5 and a cooling device 6 for cooling the house.
  • the coolant feeding device 5 comprises a first tubing arrangement 7 arranged to feed coolant from the cool generating device 2 to the cooling device 6.
  • the cooling device 6 is connected to the cool generating device 3 via the first tubing arrangement 7.
  • the house 2 is seen in cross-section and has only one room, but this is of course only to simplify the description.
  • the house 2 may comprise a number of rooms and at different levels.
  • the cooling system 1 may be used in every room by arranging the first tubing arrangement 7 accordingly and to put a cooling device 6 in every room.
  • the cooling system 1 comprises a power source 8 comprising a solar cell system 8a comprising solar cells 8b arranged to generate electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device 3.
  • the solar cells 8b are advantageously positioned on the roof 9 of the house 2 and may cover a part of the roof 9 or the entire roof 9.
  • the solar cells 8b normally produces a predetermined power per square meter solar cell 8b, why the area of the solar cell 8b has to be matched to the power consumption of the cool generating device 3.
  • the predetermined power per square meter may differ between different brands why this has to be taken into consideration when calculating the necessary area of the solar cell 8b.
  • the solar cell system may comprise an inverter 10 that converts the electrical power from the solar cells 8b to suitable electrical power for the compressor. It should be noted that solar cells 8b are known in prior art per se and are therefore not discussed in detail in the application.
  • FIG 1 is shown with two arrows 11 that excess power from the solar cells 8b may be fed to another power system, for example, to an external electricity supply network, or to an internal electricity supply network.
  • the internal electricity supply network may comprise batteries for generating power to the house 2 during night time, i.e. when the solar cells are inactive.
  • the house may be self supported with regard to energy, which is a great advantage for houses positioned at remote locations.
  • the house may need to use electricity from said external electricity supply network during night time.
  • the cool generating device 3 comprises a second tubing arrangement 12 comprising a refrigerant.
  • the cool generating device 3 is a compressor driven refrigerating machine of evaporation type comprising a compressor 13, a check valve 14, a condenser 15 and an energy transfer unit 16 in the form of an evaporator.
  • the condenser 15 is positioned outside of the house 2 so that the heat from the condenser 15 does not affect the in- house environment.
  • the condenser 15 is preferably put at a shady side of the house 2 or under a sunshade panel 17 or the like, so that the heat from the sun does not limit the energy transfer from the refrigerant to the surrounding air.
  • the energy transfer unit 16 is connected to the first tubing arrangement 7 so that energy may be transferred from the coolant to the refrigerant in the cool generating device 3.
  • the energy transfer unit 16 may have the same construction as a plate heat exchanger or any other suitable energy exchanger, and the coolant and the refrigerant may flow in a counter- flow manner or any other suitable manner, for example, in a parallel-flow or in cross-flow.
  • the coolant feeding system 4 comprises an accumulator 18 for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day.
  • the accumulator 18 is preferably buried under the ground level or positioned in a location where it is not subject to direct sunlight or heat from the outside air.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 is arranged to feed coolant from the cool generating device 3 to the accumulator when the solar cells are producing power to the cool generating device 3.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 is also arranged to feed coolant from the accumulator 18 to the cooling device 6 during the non- sunny hours of the day.
  • FIGS 1-4 all show the above described cooling system 1 , but with different arrangements of the coolant feeding device 5 and thus different arrangements of the first tubing arrangement 7. It should be noted that the different arrangements merely pose different examples and that the coolant feeding device 5 may be varied within the scope of the appended claims.
  • the continuously drawn arrows in the figures show possible flow directions of the coolant.
  • the coolant feeding device 5 comprises a shunt 19, a first pump 20 and a second pump 21 , arranged to control the flow of the coolant.
  • the shunt 19 a shunt 19, a first pump 20 and a second pump 21 , arranged to control the flow of the coolant.
  • the shunt 19 is positioned between the energy transfer unit 16, i.e. the cool generating device, and the first pump 20.
  • the shunt 19 is interconnected with the energy transfer unit 16 by a first conduit 22 and the shunt 19 is interconnected with the first pump 20 by a second conduit 23.
  • the first pump 20 is positioned between the shunt 19 and the cooling device 6.
  • the first pump 20 is interconnected with the cooling device 6 by a third conduit 24.
  • the second pump 21 is positioned between the cooling device 6 and the energy transfer unit 16.
  • the cooling device 6 is interconnected with the second pump 21 by a fourth conduit 25 and the second pump 21 is interconnected with the energy transfer unit 16 by a fifth conduit 26.
  • connection points there are three connection points denoted as Nil. All the connection points are arranged to either divide the flow in one conduit into a two or more conduits or are arrange to bring together flows in two or more conduits to a single conduit. As will be explained further below, the connection points may be arrange to be able to be divide the flow during one cycle of operation and to bring together two or more flows during another cycle of operation.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 may thus be equipped with fluid control switches in every connection point Nil for control of the flow in the first tubing arrangement 7.
  • the control switches may be in the form of shunt-like devices, i.e. devices in the form of relief valves and diverters etc.
  • the fluid control switches, the shunt and the first and second pump all form part of the fluid control system and may be controlled by a control unit, for example a computer or the like, using an algorithm for controlling the cooling system 1.
  • the first connection point I is positioned between the energy transfer unit 16 and the shunt 19.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 comprises a sixth conduit 27 interconnecting the accumulator 18 with the first conduit 22 in the first connection point I.
  • the second connection point Il is positioned between the cooling device 6 and the second pump 21.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 comprises a seventh conduit 28 interconnecting the shunt 19 and the fourth conduit 25 in the second connection point II.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 comprises an eight conduit 29 interconnecting the accumulator 18 and the fourth conduit 25 in the third connection point III.
  • the first and second pumps 20, 21 are operated during daytime so that the coolant flows through the energy transfer unit 16 and to the accumulator and to the cooling device according to the arrows in the figure.
  • the coolant is water and has a temperature of 8 0 C out from the cool generating device 3.
  • the 8 0 C coolant is fed to the accumulator 18 via the sixth conduit 27 and to the shunt 19.
  • the 8 0 C coolant is mixed with coolant from the seventh conduit 28, i.e. from the cooling device 6 via the fourth conduit 25.
  • the temperature of the coolant out from the first pump 20 is 10 0 C and the temperature of the coolant in to the cooling device 6 is thus 10 0 C.
  • the temperature of the coolant out from the cooling device 6 is 18 0 C and consequently the temperature in to the shunt 19 via the seventh conduit is 18 0 C.
  • the 18 0 C coolant is fed to the third connection point III where it is mixed with coolant from the accumulator 18 so that the temperature of the coolant out from the third connection point III becomes 16 0 C. Consequently the coolant fed to the cool generating device 3 by the second pump 21 is 16 0 C.
  • any loss in the first or the second pump 21 has been assumed to be close to zero.
  • the coolant has a temperature of 8 0 C in the accumulator.
  • the accumulator has a volume of 3-5 m 3 dependent on the cooling effect to be achieved during night time. The higher the desired cooling effect the higher the flux of coolant must be through the cooling device.
  • the flux in and out from the accumulator is varied from 0.16 to 0,4 L/s.
  • the flux in the first conduit 22, in a point between the first connection point I and the shunt 19, is varied between 0 and 0.24 L/s dependent on the desired cooling.
  • the flux in the fourth conduit 25, in a point between the second connection point Il and the second pump 21 is varied between 0 and 0.24 L/s dependent on the desired cooling accordingly.
  • the second pump 21 is shut down so that the coolant is prohibited from flowing through the energy transfer unit 16.
  • the pump may act as a stop valve when shut down.
  • the coolant is driven by the first pump 20 so that coolant is fed from the accumulator 18 to the cooling device.
  • the shunt 19 may, for example, shut down the seventh conduit 28 and thereby forcing the coolant to flow from the cooling device 6 to the accumulator 18 via the fourth conduit 25 and eight conduit 29 and through the sixth conduit 27 and through the shunt to the cooling device.
  • the Accumulator may comprise a device for separating warmer water from the cooling device 6 from cooler water accumulated in the accumulator.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a cooling system for a house according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the cooling system comprises the same devices as explained in connection to figure 2, but with the difference that the first pump 20 has been moved and that the second pump 21 has been removed and that the first tubing arrangement 7 has been rearranged.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 comprises a ninth conduit 30 interconnecting the shunt 19 with the accumulator 18, and a tenth conduit 31 interconnecting the cooling device 6 with an eleventh conduit 32 and a twelfth conduit 33 in a fourth connection point IV positioned between the cooling device 6 and the energy transfer unit 16.
  • the eleventh conduit 32 is positioned between the fourth connection point IV and a fifth connection point V positioned between the fourth connection point IV and the energy transfer unit.
  • the twelfth conduit 33 is positioned between the fourth connection point IV and the accumulator 18.
  • the first tubing arrangement also comprises a thirteenth conduit 34 interconnecting the eleventh conduit 32 and a fourteenth conduit 35 in the fifth connection point V.
  • the fourteenth conduit 35 is positioned between the fifth connection point IV and the energy transfer unit 16.
  • the first pump 20 has been moved to a position between the energy transfer unit 16 and the shunt 19.
  • the first conduit 22 has thus been broken up into two conduits interconnecting the energy transfer unit 16 with the pump and the pump with the shunt.
  • the second and third conduits 23, 24 in figure 1 have also been replaced by a fifteenth conduit 36 interconnecting the shunt 19 with the cooling device 6.
  • the first pump 20 is active both day and night and the flow of the coolant is controlled by the shunt 19 and switching devices arranged in the fourth connection point IV and the fifth connection point V.
  • the shunt 19 splits the flow in the first conduit 22 so that the coolant can be fed to the cooling device 6 via the fifteenth conduit 36 and to the accumulator 18 via the ninth conduit 30.
  • the coolant emanating from the cooling device 6 may be fed directly to the fifth connection point V via the tenth and eleventh conduit 31 , 32 and/or to the accumulator 18 via the tenth and twelfth conduit 31 , 33. Excess amount of the coolant in the accumulator (18) may be fed to the fifth connection point V via the thirteenth conduit 34.
  • the first tubing arrangement 7 may also comprise a sixteenth conduit 37 for bypassing the energy transfer unit 16 from the fourteenth conduit 35 to the first conduit 22 in order to avoid thermal losses in the shut off cool generating device 3.
  • the invention is not restricted to the above described embodiments, but may be varied within the scope of the claims. For example, the arrangement of the first tubing arrangement may be amended as well as the number of devices.

Abstract

The invention concerns a cooling system (1 ) for a house (2) comprising an electrically driven cool generating device (3) for cooling a coolant, and a solar cell (8b) for driving the cool generating device (3). The cooling system (1 ) also comprises a coolant feeding system (4) comprising a coolant feeding device (5) and a cooling device (6) for cooling the house (2). The coolant feeding device (5) is arranged to feed coolant from the cool generating device (3) to the cooling device (6). The solar cell (8b) drives the cool generating device (3) during the sunny hours of the day. The coolant feeding system (4) comprises an accumulator (18) for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day and wherein the coolant feeding device (5) is arranged to feed coolant from the accumulator (18) to the cooling device (6) during the non-sunny hours of the day.

Description

TITLE a cooling system and method including coolant accumulator and solar cells for electricity production
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention concerns a cooling system for a house comprising an electrically driven cool generating device for cooling a coolant, and a power source for driving the cool generating device. The cooling system also comprises a coolant feeding system comprising a coolant feeding device and a cooling device for cooling the house, wherein the coolant feeding device is arranged to feed coolant from the cooling generating device to the cooling device. The invention also concerns a method for such a system.
BACKGROUND ART
In the field of air-conditioning houses it is long known to use cooling systems comprising a compressor, a decompressing mechanism, an evaporator, a condenser, and a tubing arrangement interconnecting the said parts and comprising a refrigerant. The condenser is positioned outside the house and the evaporator is positioned inside the house. The compressor compresses the refrigerant wherein the energy in the refrigerant increases. The refrigerant is then fed to the condenser where the excess energy is removed by the refrigerant giving off heat to the surroundings via condenser walls. The refrigerant is then fed to the decompressing mechanism, for example a check valve, where the refrigerant is decompressed wherein the energy in the refrigerant decreases to a low temperature according to the vapour pressure diagram of the refrigerant. The refrigerant is then fed to the evaporator where the temperature of the refrigerant is lower than the surroundings wherein the refrigerant takes up energy from its surroundings via walls in the evaporator and consequently evaporates. The surroundings, i.e. air in the house or a room, then become cooler du to the energy transferred to the refrigerant. The refrigerant is then fed to the compressor and the cycle is complete. One problem with this cycle is that power continuously has to be fed to the compressor for continuous cooling of the surroundings. In countries that are warm both day and night, the compressor needs to work day and night. This is of course costly and it also shortens the life expectancy of the system. Furthermore, electricity is generated by a generator that consumes fuel in the form of oil or another hydrocarbon compound power source, or a nuclear power plant. A cooling system with a high power consumption thus also has a high fuel consumption which is a problem considering the increasing cost for electricity and the increasing demand on less consumption of hydrocarbon compound fuels.
A further disadvantage with the previously known system is that the compressor is arranged to frequently be switched on and off dependent on the needed cooling effect. This uneven mode of operation shortens the life expectancy of the compressor and thus the system.
Hence, there exists a need for an improved cooling system for a house so that cooling can be done continuously with reduced power consumption and ultimately with reduced consumption of fuel.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to find an improved cooling system for a house, especially for a house being positioned in a climate being hot day and night. A house positioned in such a hot climate may need cooling day and night and possibly also all-the-year-round and the benefits of the invention then becomes more evident than if the cooling system is used in a climate that needs cooling only during a part of the day and night and/or during a part of the year.
The invention thus refers to a cooling system for a house comprising an electrically driven cool generating device for cooling a coolant, and a power source for driving the cool generating device. The cooling system also comprises a coolant feeding system comprising a coolant feeding device and a cooling device for cooling the house, wherein the coolant feeding device is arranged to feed coolant from the cooling generating device to the cooling device.
The invention is characterised in that the power source comprises solar cells arranged to generate electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device and wherein the coolant feeding system comprises an accumulator for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day and wherein the coolant feeding device is arranged to feed coolant from the accumulator to the cooling device during the non-sunny hours of the day.
Here "coolant" refers to a liquid cooling medium; and refrigerant refers to a compressible medium; and accumulator refers to a device for storing a coolant.
The cooling system may comprise batteries or the like for storing electricity from the solar cells for driving the cooling system during the night, but the cooling system may also use external electrical sources for driving the system during the night. However, it should be pointed out that during the night the cool generating device is shut off and the only thing that has to be driven is the circulation of the coolant from the accumulator to the cooling device. The circulation may be achieved by use of a pump or the like that consumes very little energy compared to the cool generating device. The system thus saves energy compared to the previously known systems. The small amount of energy needed for driving the pump may be produced by a small wind power station positioned at a suitable location on the house or in the vicinity of the house. The cool generating device then becomes self supported with regard to energy and power sources are all harmless to the environment. The circulation may also be achieved by arranging the components in the system so that potential energy, for example by the coolant, is used for circulating the coolant. The potential energy may, for example, be gained if the accumulator is positioned on the roof the cooling device at a lower position. If the accumulator is positioned on the roof it should be protected by a sun shelter. The sun shelter preferably allows the wind to pass by the accumulator so that the cooling effect of the wind may be used.
One benefit of the invention is that the solar cells provide for an electricity production that is harmless to the environment, i.e. the production of electricity is done without using any hydrocarbon fuels or nuclear power.
Another benefit is that the cool generating device works only during daytime conditions, i.e. when the sun is up. This has the advantage that the system runs essentially continuously when running, which gives an optimum efficiency during the cooling operation, and that the cool generating device is disengaged during night time, which increases the life expectancy of the cool generating device. A further advantage with the invention is thus that the compressor works during long cycles since the coolant needs to be fed more or less continuously to the accumulator during the day. This even mode of operation increases the life expectancy of the compressor and thus the cooling system.
Yet another advantage is that the accumulation of the coolant in the accumulator is a cheap, easy and silent way to provide a cool environment during night time for the house to be cooled.
The coolant is advantageously a liquid fluid for example water or ethylene glycol or the like. The coolant feeding device therefore advantageously comprises a first tubing arrangement for transporting the coolant. The first tubing arrangement is arranged to interconnect the accumulator, the cooling device and the cool generating device. The first tubing arrangement may comprise any type of pipes or tubes, for example, plastic, or metallic, and is advantageously isolated by a suitable material so that the coolant is not accidentally heated during the fluid transport in the first tubing arrangement. Correspondingly, the accumulator advantageously comprises an isolated container comprising an inlet opening and an outlet opening to which the first tubing arrangement is connected.
The coolant feeding system comprises a valve, for example a shunt, (hereinafter called a shunt) arranged to control the flow in the coolant feeding device so that a part of the coolant being fed from the cool generating device is fed to the cooling device and that another part of the coolant is bypassed the cooling the device, for example so that the coolant is fed to the accumulator or is fed to and consequently mixed with the flux of coolant emanating from the cooling device. The shunt is a device that can control the flow of coolant in the first tubing arrangement. The shunt divides the flow of coolant into at least two pipes and the amount of coolant for the pipes may be controlled by the shunt. The shunt may control the flow from zero to full in one of the pipes, e.g. the pipe going from the shunt to the cooling device, and consequently from full to zero in the other pipe, e.g. the pipe that goes from the shunt to the accumulator.
The cooling device advantageously comprises an assembly of cooling elements in which the coolant flows. The cooling efficiency may be enhanced by the use of an external fan arranged to blow air passing the cooling elements.
The coolant feeding system may comprise a first pump for transporting coolant in the first tubing arrangement. The first pump may be positioned anywhere in the system as long as the cooling device is feed coolant during both day and night. When positioning the first pump, it must be taken into consideration that the cool generating device only works during daytime and that the coolant must be fed from the accumulator. In one embodiment, the first pump is arranged between the shunt and the cooling device. The shunt then decides how much coolant that shall be bypassed the cooling device and how much coolant that shall be fed to the coolant device. In another embodiment according to the invention, the coolant feeding system comprises a second pump for transporting coolant in the first tubing arrangement. The second pump is advantageously arranged between the accumulator and the cool generating device, for feeding coolant through the cool generating device.
The first pump is thus preferably arranged to control the flow of the coolant through the cooling device and the second pump is arranged to control the flow of the coolant through the cool generating device. The first tubing arrangement is thus arranged so that the first pump and the second pump control the flow of the coolant to and from the accumulator.
To sum up, the first pump is arranged in a position relative the cool generating device, the cooling device and the accumulator so that the flow of coolant can be directed to and from the accumulator and through the cooling device by either passing the cool generating device or by by-passing the cool generating device. Furthermore, the flow of the coolant in the first tubing arrangement may be controlled by one or more shunts or flow-switches, comprised in the coolant feeding system, and arranged to direct and/ or divide the flow of coolant.
The cool generating device comprises an energy transfer unit for transferring energy from the coolant to the cool generating device. The transfer of energy from the coolant lowers the temperature of the coolant in a known manner.
In one embodiment of the invention, the cool generating device comprises a second tubing arrangement comprising a refrigerant. The cool generating device is then preferably a compressor driven refrigerating machine of evaporation type comprising a compressor, a check valve, a condenser and the energy transfer unit in the form of an evaporator. The refrigerant takes up heat from the coolant in the energy transfer unit whereafter the energy from the coolant and the energy given to the refrigerant in the compressor is given off in the condenser. The condenser is preferably positioned outside of the house so that the heat from the condenser does not affect the in-house environment. One benefit of using a compressor driven refrigerating machine is that the components are cheap and easy to maintain and that the hot part of the machine easily can be put outside the house. Furthermore, such a machine can produce a high cooling effect and the machine may easily be upgraded by change of compressor should there exist a need for an increased cooling effect in the house.
The compressor may be arranged so that it uses the maximum energy from the solar cells even if this energy is not enough to drive the compressor at its maximum capacity. This has the advantage that the compressor starts working when the sun rises and increases its efficiency with the change of inclination of the sun in relation to the solar cells when the sun moves over the sky, and that the compressor continuous to work with decreasing effect when the sun starts to set.
As an alternative to the compressor driven refrigerating machine, the cool generating device may comprise an electrically driven cooling element. Such a cooling element may be in the form of a semi-conductor and is known from, for example, United States Patent 7096676.
Regardless of which type of cool generating device, the energy transfer unit comprises a part of the first tubing arrangement and a part of the cool generating device.
The invention also refers to a method for a cooling system for a house comprising a cool generating device for cooling a coolant driven by a en electrical power source. The cooling system also comprises a coolant feeding system comprising a coolant feeding device and a cooling device for cooling the house, wherein the coolant feeding device feeds coolant from the cooling generating device to the cooling device/battery. The method is characterised in that the power source comprises solar cells for generating electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device and in that the coolant feeding system comprises an accumulator for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day and wherein the coolant feeding device feeds coolant from the accumulator to the cooling device during the non-sunny hours of the day.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention will below be described in connection to a number of drawings, where:
Fig. 1 schematically shows a cooling system for a house according to a first embodiment of the invention, and where;
Fig. 2 schematically shows a cooling system for a house according to a second embodiment of the invention;
EMBODIMENT(S) OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 schematically shows a cooling system 1 for a house 2 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The cooling system 1 comprises a cool generating device 3 and a coolant feeding system 4 comprising a coolant feeding device 5 and a cooling device 6 for cooling the house. The coolant feeding device 5 comprises a first tubing arrangement 7 arranged to feed coolant from the cool generating device 2 to the cooling device 6. The cooling device 6 is connected to the cool generating device 3 via the first tubing arrangement 7. The house 2 is seen in cross-section and has only one room, but this is of course only to simplify the description. The house 2 may comprise a number of rooms and at different levels. The cooling system 1 may be used in every room by arranging the first tubing arrangement 7 accordingly and to put a cooling device 6 in every room.
In figure 1 the cooling system 1 comprises a power source 8 comprising a solar cell system 8a comprising solar cells 8b arranged to generate electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device 3. In figure 1 , the solar cells 8b are advantageously positioned on the roof 9 of the house 2 and may cover a part of the roof 9 or the entire roof 9. The solar cells 8b normally produces a predetermined power per square meter solar cell 8b, why the area of the solar cell 8b has to be matched to the power consumption of the cool generating device 3. Furthermore, the predetermined power per square meter may differ between different brands why this has to be taken into consideration when calculating the necessary area of the solar cell 8b. The solar cell system may comprise an inverter 10 that converts the electrical power from the solar cells 8b to suitable electrical power for the compressor. It should be noted that solar cells 8b are known in prior art per se and are therefore not discussed in detail in the application.
In figure 1 is shown with two arrows 11 that excess power from the solar cells 8b may be fed to another power system, for example, to an external electricity supply network, or to an internal electricity supply network. In the latter case, the internal electricity supply network may comprise batteries for generating power to the house 2 during night time, i.e. when the solar cells are inactive. In the latter case the house may be self supported with regard to energy, which is a great advantage for houses positioned at remote locations. In the former case, the house may need to use electricity from said external electricity supply network during night time.
In figure 1 , the cool generating device 3 comprises a second tubing arrangement 12 comprising a refrigerant. The cool generating device 3 is a compressor driven refrigerating machine of evaporation type comprising a compressor 13, a check valve 14, a condenser 15 and an energy transfer unit 16 in the form of an evaporator. The condenser 15 is positioned outside of the house 2 so that the heat from the condenser 15 does not affect the in- house environment. The condenser 15 is preferably put at a shady side of the house 2 or under a sunshade panel 17 or the like, so that the heat from the sun does not limit the energy transfer from the refrigerant to the surrounding air. In figure 1 , the energy transfer unit 16 is connected to the first tubing arrangement 7 so that energy may be transferred from the coolant to the refrigerant in the cool generating device 3. The energy transfer unit 16 may have the same construction as a plate heat exchanger or any other suitable energy exchanger, and the coolant and the refrigerant may flow in a counter- flow manner or any other suitable manner, for example, in a parallel-flow or in cross-flow.
In figure 1 the coolant feeding system 4 comprises an accumulator 18 for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day. The accumulator 18 is preferably buried under the ground level or positioned in a location where it is not subject to direct sunlight or heat from the outside air. The first tubing arrangement 7 is arranged to feed coolant from the cool generating device 3 to the accumulator when the solar cells are producing power to the cool generating device 3. The first tubing arrangement 7 is also arranged to feed coolant from the accumulator 18 to the cooling device 6 during the non- sunny hours of the day.
Figures 1-4 all show the above described cooling system 1 , but with different arrangements of the coolant feeding device 5 and thus different arrangements of the first tubing arrangement 7. It should be noted that the different arrangements merely pose different examples and that the coolant feeding device 5 may be varied within the scope of the appended claims. The continuously drawn arrows in the figures show possible flow directions of the coolant.
In figure 1 the coolant feeding device 5 comprises a shunt 19, a first pump 20 and a second pump 21 , arranged to control the flow of the coolant. The shunt
19 is positioned between the energy transfer unit 16, i.e. the cool generating device, and the first pump 20. The shunt 19 is interconnected with the energy transfer unit 16 by a first conduit 22 and the shunt 19 is interconnected with the first pump 20 by a second conduit 23. The first pump 20 is positioned between the shunt 19 and the cooling device 6. The first pump 20 is interconnected with the cooling device 6 by a third conduit 24. The second pump 21 is positioned between the cooling device 6 and the energy transfer unit 16. The cooling device 6 is interconnected with the second pump 21 by a fourth conduit 25 and the second pump 21 is interconnected with the energy transfer unit 16 by a fifth conduit 26.
In figure 1 there are three connection points denoted as Nil. All the connection points are arranged to either divide the flow in one conduit into a two or more conduits or are arrange to bring together flows in two or more conduits to a single conduit. As will be explained further below, the connection points may be arrange to be able to be divide the flow during one cycle of operation and to bring together two or more flows during another cycle of operation. The first tubing arrangement 7 may thus be equipped with fluid control switches in every connection point Nil for control of the flow in the first tubing arrangement 7. The control switches may be in the form of shunt-like devices, i.e. devices in the form of relief valves and diverters etc. The fluid control switches, the shunt and the first and second pump all form part of the fluid control system and may be controlled by a control unit, for example a computer or the like, using an algorithm for controlling the cooling system 1.
The first connection point I is positioned between the energy transfer unit 16 and the shunt 19. The first tubing arrangement 7 comprises a sixth conduit 27 interconnecting the accumulator 18 with the first conduit 22 in the first connection point I.
The second connection point Il is positioned between the cooling device 6 and the second pump 21. The first tubing arrangement 7 comprises a seventh conduit 28 interconnecting the shunt 19 and the fourth conduit 25 in the second connection point II.
The third connection point III positioned between the second connection point Il and the second pump 21 The first tubing arrangement 7 comprises an eight conduit 29 interconnecting the accumulator 18 and the fourth conduit 25 in the third connection point III.
In figure 1 the first and second pumps 20, 21 are operated during daytime so that the coolant flows through the energy transfer unit 16 and to the accumulator and to the cooling device according to the arrows in the figure.
An example will now follow which shall not be seen as limiting for the invention, but it is only one of many possible solutions within the scope of the appended claims. The coolant is water and has a temperature of 80C out from the cool generating device 3. The 80C coolant is fed to the accumulator 18 via the sixth conduit 27 and to the shunt 19. In the shunt the 80C coolant is mixed with coolant from the seventh conduit 28, i.e. from the cooling device 6 via the fourth conduit 25. The temperature of the coolant out from the first pump 20 is 100C and the temperature of the coolant in to the cooling device 6 is thus 100C. The temperature of the coolant out from the cooling device 6 is 180C and consequently the temperature in to the shunt 19 via the seventh conduit is 180C. The 180C coolant is fed to the third connection point III where it is mixed with coolant from the accumulator 18 so that the temperature of the coolant out from the third connection point III becomes 160C. Consequently the coolant fed to the cool generating device 3 by the second pump 21 is 160C. In the example, any loss in the first or the second pump 21 has been assumed to be close to zero. As can be seen from the example, the coolant has a temperature of 80C in the accumulator. Furthermore, the accumulator has a volume of 3-5 m3 dependent on the cooling effect to be achieved during night time. The higher the desired cooling effect the higher the flux of coolant must be through the cooling device.
In the example, typical flow parameters of the coolant are 0.4 litres/second
(L/s) out from and into the energy transfer unit 16 and 0.24 L/s through the cooling device 6. The flux in and out from the accumulator is varied from 0.16 to 0,4 L/s. The flux in the first conduit 22, in a point between the first connection point I and the shunt 19, is varied between 0 and 0.24 L/s dependent on the desired cooling. The flux in the fourth conduit 25, in a point between the second connection point Il and the second pump 21 , is varied between 0 and 0.24 L/s dependent on the desired cooling accordingly.
In figure 1 , during night time, the second pump 21 is shut down so that the coolant is prohibited from flowing through the energy transfer unit 16. Hence, the pump may act as a stop valve when shut down. The coolant is driven by the first pump 20 so that coolant is fed from the accumulator 18 to the cooling device. During night time the shunt 19 may, for example, shut down the seventh conduit 28 and thereby forcing the coolant to flow from the cooling device 6 to the accumulator 18 via the fourth conduit 25 and eight conduit 29 and through the sixth conduit 27 and through the shunt to the cooling device. The Accumulator may comprise a device for separating warmer water from the cooling device 6 from cooler water accumulated in the accumulator.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a cooling system for a house according to a second embodiment of the invention. In figure 2, the cooling system comprises the same devices as explained in connection to figure 2, but with the difference that the first pump 20 has been moved and that the second pump 21 has been removed and that the first tubing arrangement 7 has been rearranged.
The first tubing arrangement 7 comprises a ninth conduit 30 interconnecting the shunt 19 with the accumulator 18, and a tenth conduit 31 interconnecting the cooling device 6 with an eleventh conduit 32 and a twelfth conduit 33 in a fourth connection point IV positioned between the cooling device 6 and the energy transfer unit 16. The eleventh conduit 32 is positioned between the fourth connection point IV and a fifth connection point V positioned between the fourth connection point IV and the energy transfer unit. The twelfth conduit 33 is positioned between the fourth connection point IV and the accumulator 18. The first tubing arrangement also comprises a thirteenth conduit 34 interconnecting the eleventh conduit 32 and a fourteenth conduit 35 in the fifth connection point V. The fourteenth conduit 35 is positioned between the fifth connection point IV and the energy transfer unit 16. The flux and the temperatures described in connection to figure 1 may not be valid in this example.
The first pump 20 has been moved to a position between the energy transfer unit 16 and the shunt 19. The first conduit 22 has thus been broken up into two conduits interconnecting the energy transfer unit 16 with the pump and the pump with the shunt. The second and third conduits 23, 24 in figure 1 have also been replaced by a fifteenth conduit 36 interconnecting the shunt 19 with the cooling device 6.
In figure 2 the first pump 20 is active both day and night and the flow of the coolant is controlled by the shunt 19 and switching devices arranged in the fourth connection point IV and the fifth connection point V.
During daytime the shunt 19 splits the flow in the first conduit 22 so that the coolant can be fed to the cooling device 6 via the fifteenth conduit 36 and to the accumulator 18 via the ninth conduit 30. The coolant emanating from the cooling device 6 may be fed directly to the fifth connection point V via the tenth and eleventh conduit 31 , 32 and/or to the accumulator 18 via the tenth and twelfth conduit 31 , 33. Excess amount of the coolant in the accumulator (18) may be fed to the fifth connection point V via the thirteenth conduit 34.
During night time the shunt 19 reduces or shuts off the flow of coolant in the ninth conduit 30 so that the coolant may be fed directly from the accumulator 18 to the cooling device 6 via the first conduit 22. In the fourth connection point IV the fluid switch may reduce or shut off the flux of coolant in the eleventh conduit 32 so that the coolant may be fed directly from the cooling device 6 to the accumulator 18. The first tubing arrangement 7 may also comprise a sixteenth conduit 37 for bypassing the energy transfer unit 16 from the fourteenth conduit 35 to the first conduit 22 in order to avoid thermal losses in the shut off cool generating device 3. As been stated above, the invention is not restricted to the above described embodiments, but may be varied within the scope of the claims. For example, the arrangement of the first tubing arrangement may be amended as well as the number of devices.

Claims

1. A cooling system (1) for a house (2) comprising an electrically driven cool generating device (3) for cooling a coolant, and a power source (8) for driving the cool generating device (3), the cooling system (1) also comprises a coolant feeding system (4) comprising a coolant feeding device (5) and a cooling device (6) for cooling the house (2), wherein the coolant feeding device (5) is arranged to feed coolant from the cool generating device (3) to the cooling device (6), characterized in that the power source (8) comprises solar cells (8b) arranged to generate electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device (3) and wherein the coolant feeding system (4) comprises an accumulator (18) for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day and wherein the coolant feeding device (5) is arranged to feed coolant from the accumulator (18) to the cooling device (6) during the non-sunny hours of the day.
2. A cooling system (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the coolant is a liquid fluid and that the coolant feeding device (5) comprises a first tubing arrangement (7) for transporting the coolant, wherein the first tubing arrangement (7) is arranged to interconnect the accumulator (18), the cooling device (6) and the cool generating device (3).
3. A cooling system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized i n that the coolant feeding system (4) comprises a valve (19) arranged to control the flow in the coolant feeding device (5) so that a part of the coolant being fed from the cool generating device being fed to the cooling device (6) and that another part of the coolant being fed to the accumulator (18).
4. A cooling system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling device (6) comprises an assembly of cooling elements in which the coolant flows, and an external fan arranged to blow air passed the cooling elements.
5. A cooling system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the accumulator (18) comprises an isolated container comprising an inlet opening and an outlet opening to which the first tubing arrangement (7) is connected.
6. A cooling system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coolant feeding system (4) comprises a first pump (20) for transporting coolant in the first tubing arrangement (7).
7. A cooling system (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the first pump (20) is arranged between the shunt (19) and the cooling device (6).
8. A cooling system (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the coolant feeding system (4) comprises a second pump (21) for transporting coolant in the first tubing arrangement (7).
9. A cooling system (1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the second pump (21 ) is arranged between the accumulator (18) and the cool generating device (3).
10. A cooling system (1) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the first pump (20) is arranged to control the flow of the coolant through the cool generating device (3) and that the second pump (21) is arranged to control the flow of the coolant through the cooling device (6), wherein the first tubing arrangement (7) is arranged so that the first pump (20) and the second pump (21) controls the flow of the coolant to and from the accumulator (18).
11. A cooling system (1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the first pump (20) is arranged in a position relative the cool generating device (3), the cooling device (6) and the accumulator (18) so that the flow of coolant can be directed to and from the accumulator (18) and through the cooling device (6) by either passing the cool generating device (3) or by bypassing the cool generating device (3).
12. A cooling system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coolant feeding system (4) comprises one or more shunts or flow-switches arranged to direct and/or divide the flow of coolant.
13. A cooling system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in that the cool generating device (3) comprises an energy transfer unit (16) for transferring energy from the coolant to the cool generating device (3).
14. A cooling system (1 ) according to claim 13, characterized in that the cool generating device (3) comprises a second tubing arrangement (12) comprising a refrigerant, and wherein the cool generating device (3) comprises a compressor (13), a check valve, a condenser (15) and the energy transfer unit (16) in the form of an evaporator for use with the refrigerant in a compressor driven refrigerating machine of evaporation type.
15. A cooling system (1 ) according to claim 13, characterized in that cool generating device (3) comprises an electrically driven cooling element.
16. A cooling system (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the energy transfer unit (16) comprises a part of the first tubing arrangement (7) and a part of the cool generating device (3).
17. A method for a cooling system (1) for a house (2) comprising a cool generating device (3) for cooling a coolant driven by a en electrical power source (8), the cooling system (1) also comprises a coolant feeding system (4) comprising a coolant feeding device (5) and a cooling device (6) for cooling the house, wherein the coolant feeding device (5) feeds coolant from the cooling generating device to the cooling device (6), characterized in in that the power source (8) comprises solar cells generating electricity during the sunny hours of the day for driving the cool generating device (3) and wherein the coolant feeding system (4) comprises an accumulator (18) for accumulating the coolant during the sunny hours of the day and wherein the coolant feeding device (5) feeds coolant from the accumulator (18) to the cooling device (6) during the non-sunny hours of the day.
PCT/SE2006/001301 2006-11-16 2006-11-16 A cooling system and method including coolant accumulator and solar cells for electricity production WO2008060196A1 (en)

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