WO2008056531A1 - Dispositif, procédé et programme de traitement d'image, dispositif d'imagerie à l'état solide et dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Dispositif, procédé et programme de traitement d'image, dispositif d'imagerie à l'état solide et dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008056531A1
WO2008056531A1 PCT/JP2007/070544 JP2007070544W WO2008056531A1 WO 2008056531 A1 WO2008056531 A1 WO 2008056531A1 JP 2007070544 W JP2007070544 W JP 2007070544W WO 2008056531 A1 WO2008056531 A1 WO 2008056531A1
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Prior art keywords
light source
correction
value
correction value
pixel
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PCT/JP2007/070544
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takuji Yoshida
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Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
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Publication of WO2008056531A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008056531A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
    • H04N25/53—Control of the integration time
    • H04N25/533—Control of the integration time by using differing integration times for different sensor regions
    • H04N25/534—Control of the integration time by using differing integration times for different sensor regions depending on the spectral component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
    • H04N23/84—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals
    • H04N23/88—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals for colour balance, e.g. white-balance circuits or colour temperature control

Definitions

  • Image processing device solid-state imaging device, electronic device, image processing method, and image processing program
  • the present invention relates to an image processing device, a solid-state imaging device, an electronic apparatus, an image processing method, and an image processing program that correct color misregistration occurring in a peripheral portion of an image.
  • an infrared cut filter is provided between the optical lens and the solid-state image sensor in order to reduce the influence of the infrared region of the light source.
  • the spectral transmittance in the long wavelength region of the infrared cut filter 2 is the incident light incident light.
  • the solid-state imaging device 3 has an R signal spectral sensitivity characteristic T3, a G signal spectral sensitivity characteristic ⁇ 4, and a ⁇ signal spectral sensitivity characteristic ⁇ 5 as shown in FIG.
  • the solid-state image sensor 3 as a single system, the cutoff characteristic of the infrared cut filter 2 is shorter on the short wavelength side than the center of the light-receiving surface of the solid-state image sensor 3 in the periphery of the light-receiving surface of the solid-state image sensor 3.
  • the sensitivity characteristics of the red pixels are degraded compared to the center of the light receiving surface of the solid-state image sensor 3.
  • the red component is smaller in the peripheral portion of the image than in the central portion of the image. Therefore, when white balance is adjusted at the center of the image, color misregistration occurs at the periphery. There arises a problem that the image quality is significantly deteriorated.
  • the deterioration in image quality due to the color shift in the peripheral portion also depends on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of shooting, and the degree of color shift! / Varies depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of shooting.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-23792
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an image processing device, a solid-state imaging device, and an electronic device that can appropriately correct a color shift occurring in an image peripheral portion corresponding to various light sources.
  • An object is to provide an image processing method and an image processing program.
  • the image processing apparatus relies on a correction data storage unit that stores sensitivity correction data for each pixel and the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of photographing.
  • a light source measurement unit for measuring a value, a correction value for each pixel based on the correction value for sensitivity correction stored in the correction data storage unit and the value measured by the light source measurement unit
  • a value calculation unit and a correction unit that corrects the pixel signal using the correction value calculated by the correction value calculation unit are provided.
  • a correction value is calculated based on a value output from the light source measurement unit, and using the calculated correction value, a difference in sensitivity between pixel signals in the image center portion and the image periphery portion is calculated. Therefore, the color misregistration generated in the peripheral portion of the image corresponding to various light sources can be corrected appropriately.
  • an image processing apparatus includes a correction data storage unit that stores sensitivity correction data for each pixel, and a value corresponding to a light source information input operation.
  • a light source information input unit that outputs a correction value
  • a correction value calculation unit that calculates a correction value for each pixel based on a correction value for sensitivity correction stored in the correction data storage unit and a value output from the light source information input unit
  • a correction unit that corrects the pixel signal using the correction value calculated by the correction value calculation unit.
  • the correction value is calculated based on the value output from the light source information input unit, and the calculated correction value is used to determine the sensitivity of the pixel signals in the image center portion and the image periphery portion. Since the difference is corrected, it is possible to appropriately correct the color shift generated in the peripheral portion of the image corresponding to various light sources. Since the light source measurement unit is not provided, the size and cost can be reduced compared to the case where dedicated hardware such as a color thermometer is used for the light source measurement unit. Further, if the photographer himself / herself determines the state of the light source with higher accuracy than the light source measurement unit, the color misalignment correction accuracy in the peripheral portion of the image can be increased as compared with the configuration in which the light source measurement unit is provided.
  • the correction data storage unit stores sensitivity correction data for each pixel with at least two types of light sources for each type of light source. Also good. According to such a configuration, the correction data storage unit stores data of sensitivity correction values for two or more types of light sources for each type of light source, so the color of the peripheral portion of the image when the light source changes Deviation correction accuracy can be increased. Further, when the light source corresponding to the value output from the light source measurement unit or the light source information input unit is a light source other than that stored in the correction data storage unit, the correction value calculation unit is configured to store the correction data.
  • the correction value for the light source to be used may be calculated. As a result, various light sources can be corrected accurately according to each light source.
  • a solid-state imaging device includes a solid-state imaging device and an image processing device having any one of the above-described configurations, and the image processing device is output from the solid-state imaging device. Input digital pixel signals.
  • an electronic apparatus includes the solid-state imaging device having the above configuration.
  • an image processing method includes a step of inputting an image signal, a step of inputting information regarding a value depending on a spectral characteristic of a light source at the time of photographing, A step of calculating a correction value for each pixel based on a value depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of shooting and a correction value for sensitivity correction for each pixel, and correcting the pixel signal using the calculated correction value Step.
  • an image processing method includes a step of inputting an image signal to which information about a value depending on a spectral characteristic of a light source at the time of photographing is attached, A step of calculating a correction value for each pixel based on a value depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source and a correction value for sensitivity correction for each pixel, and correcting the pixel signal using the calculated correction value Step.
  • an image processing program provides a computer with means for inputting an image signal, and means for inputting information on a value depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of photographing.
  • Means for calculating a correction value for each pixel based on a value depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of photographing and a correction value for sensitivity correction for each pixel, and the pixel signal using the calculated correction value It is made to function as a means for performing correction.
  • an image processing program inputs a computer with information about a value depending on a spectral characteristic of a light source at the time of photographing! Means for calculating a correction value for each pixel based on a value depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of photographing and a correction value for sensitivity correction for each pixel, and a pixel signal using the calculated correction value It is made to function as a means for correcting the above.
  • the correction value is calculated based on the value output from the light source measurement unit or the light source information input unit, and the pixel signals of the image central portion and the image peripheral portion are calculated using the calculated correction value. Since the difference in sensitivity is corrected, it is possible to appropriately correct the color shift that occurs in the peripheral part of the image corresponding to various light sources.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main configuration of a digital camera system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing sensitivity level characteristics of an image signal output from a solid-state imaging device.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of sensitivity correction value data stored in a correction data storage unit.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing sensitivity level characteristics of pixel signals after correction by a correction unit.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which the sensitivity correction value calculated by the correction value calculation unit is expressed by a linear expression.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state when light from a subject is incident on an infrared cut filter and a solid-state image sensor.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the spectral transmittance characteristics of the infrared cut filter.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the spectral sensitivity characteristics of the solid-state imaging device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a main configuration of a digital camera system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the digital camera system shown in FIG. 1 includes an optical lens 1, an infrared cut filter 2, a solid-state image sensor 3 that outputs the R signal, the G signal, and the B signal of the primary color CCD area sensor.
  • R signal sensitivity correction unit 4a R signal sensitivity correction unit 4a
  • G signal sensitivity correction unit 4b B signal sensitivity correction unit 4c correction unit 4
  • correction value calculation unit 5 correction data storage unit 6
  • light source measurement unit 7 RGB Is provided with a color conversion unit 8 that converts image data into YCrCb, an automatic white balance control unit 9, and a white balance correction unit 10 including a white balance R signal correction unit 10a and a white balance B signal correction unit 10b.
  • an image from the subject is formed on the solid-state image sensor 3 by the optical lens 1.
  • an infrared cut filter 2 is provided between the optical lens 1 and the solid-state imaging device 3.
  • the light that has passed through the infrared cut filter 2 is photoelectrically converted into an electric signal by the solid-state image sensor 3, and further, the electric signal is A / D converted into a digital signal and then output from the solid-state image sensor 3.
  • FIG. 8 is an example of the spectral sensitivity characteristic of the solid-state imaging device 3.
  • FIG. 7 is an example of the spectral transmittance characteristics of the infrared cut filter 2, and shows the spectral transmittance characteristics T1 with respect to incoming / outgoing light from the center of the subject and the spectral transmittance characteristics T2 with respect to incoming / outgoing light from the periphery of the subject.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the state when light from the subject is incident on the infrared ray cut filter 2 and solid-state image sensor 3 when a wide-angle lens is used as the optical lens 1.
  • the incident light shield L2 from the portion has a larger incident angle with respect to the incident surface of the infrared cut filter 2 and the light receiving surface of the solid-state imaging device 3 than the incident light shield L1 from the center of the subject.
  • the transmittance of red light is smaller in the peripheral portion of the image where the incident angle of incident light is larger than in the central portion of the image where the incident angle of incident light is small.
  • the sensitivity level of the image signal output from the solid-state imaging device 3 is as shown in FIG. In Fig. 2, SL is the sensitivity level of the R pixel signal, and SL is the sensitivity level of the G pixel signal.
  • SL indicates the sensitivity level of the B pixel signal.
  • the sensitivity level of the image signal output from the solid-state imaging device 3 decreases as it goes from the central portion to the peripheral portion, so that the correction data storage unit 6 goes from the central portion to the peripheral portion.
  • Sensitivity correction value data that increases the correction amount according to
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of sensitivity correction value data stored in the correction data storage unit 6.
  • SCV indicates the sensitivity correction value group for the R pixel signal at a certain light source a, and SCV is a certain
  • the sensitivity correction value group for the G pixel signal at light source a is shown.
  • SCV is the B pixel at a certain light source a.
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 reads out from the correction data storage unit 6 a sensitivity correction value suitable for the pixel that is the target of sensitivity correction. Further, the correction value calculation unit 5 inputs the measurement value measured by the light source measurement unit 7 (a value depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of photographing).
  • An example of the light source measurement unit 7 is a color thermometer that measures the color temperature of the light source.
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 includes a sensitivity correction value read from the correction data storage unit 6 and a light source measurement unit.
  • the sensitivity correction value adapted to the pixel that is subject to sensitivity correction and the light source at the time of imaging is calculated as follows.
  • the measurement value of the light source measurement unit 7 for a certain light source a is Sra.
  • Gra be the sensitivity correction value that matches the pixel that is the target of sensitivity correction included in the sensitivity correction value data stored in the correction data storage unit 6.
  • the light source b is used as the light source at the time of photographing.
  • the sensitivity correction value calculated by the correction value calculation unit 5 (the target of sensitivity correction) Sensitivity correction value (Grb) adapted to the pixel and the light source at the time of imaging) Grb is calculated by the following equation (1).
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 stores the measurement value Sra and the correction intensity value k in advance.
  • Grb k X Gra X (Srb / Sra) (1)
  • the R signal sensitivity correction unit 4a, the G signal sensitivity correction unit 4b, and the B signal sensitivity correction unit 4c in the correction unit 4 are fixed.
  • the electric signal from the body image sensor 3 is corrected. This corrects the difference in sensitivity between the pixel signals (R signal, G signal, and B signal) in the image center and image periphery.
  • FIG. 4 shows the sensitivity level characteristics of the pixel signals (R signal, G signal, B signal) after correction by the correction unit 4.
  • the pixel signals (R signal, G signal, and B signal) output from the correction unit 4 are subjected to white balance correction by the white balance correction unit 10 and then color-converted by the color conversion unit Y. Signal, Cr signal, and Cb signal.
  • the automatic white balance control unit 9 controls the white balance correction unit 10 based on the pixel signals (R signal, G signal, and B signal) output from the white balance correction unit 10.
  • the digital camera system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is obtained by replacing the light source measurement unit 7 with a light source information input unit in the digital camera system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light source information input unit outputs a value corresponding to the light source information input operation to the correction value calculation unit 5 when the light source information input operation by the photographer is executed.
  • Examples of the light source information input operation include a direct numerical input operation, a selection operation for selecting the closest one to the light source at the time of photographing from a plurality of light sources that are preset as options!
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 uses the value output from the light source information input unit instead of the measurement value measured by the light source measurement unit 7.
  • the digital camera system according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a configuration in which the light source measurement unit is not provided, and thus can be reduced in size and cost.
  • the digital camera system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the digital camera system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Compared with, it is possible to increase the color misregistration correction accuracy in the peripheral portion of the image.
  • the digital camera system includes an optical lens 1, an infrared ray cut filter 2, and a solid-state image sensor 3, and an output signal from the solid-state image sensor 3 is a so-called RAW.
  • the image is output as a format image file, and the correction unit 4, the correction value calculation unit 5, the correction data storage unit 6, and the light source information input unit are realized by a computer.
  • the correction unit 4 the correction value calculation unit 5, the correction data storage unit 6, and the light source information input unit are realized by a computer.
  • the correction unit 4 the correction value calculation unit 5
  • the correction data storage unit 6 and the light source information input unit are realized by a computer.
  • the digital camera system includes an optical lens 1, an infrared cut filter 2, a solid-state image sensor 3, and a color thermometer, and includes a solid-state image sensor 3 force, These output signals are converted into so-called RAW format image files, and information related to the color thermometer measurement values is attached to the image file and output.
  • the illuminant information input unit is realized by a computer, and a RAW format image file with information on the measurement of the computer S and the color thermometer is input.
  • the illuminant information input unit is RAW format There is an embodiment in which information relating to the measurement value of the color thermometer attached to the image file is input.
  • the configuration of the main part of the digital camera system according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the digital camera system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the content of data stored in the force correction data storage unit 6 And the correction value calculation method in the correction value calculation unit 5 are different.
  • the correction data storage unit 6 stores sensitivity correction value data for two or more types of light sources
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 is a light source measurement unit. Select the sensitivity correction value to be read from the correction data storage unit 6 according to the measurement value measured in step 7.
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 The sensitivity correction value to be read from the correction data storage unit 6 is selected as follows according to the value Sr measured by the measurement unit 7. If Sr> Sra, select the sensitivity correction value for light source a.If Sra> Sr ⁇ Srb, select the sensitivity correction value for light source b.If Srb> Sr ⁇ Src, select the sensitivity correction value for light source c. Select a positive value. If Src> Sr ⁇ Srd, select the sensitivity correction value for light source d. If Srd> Sr ⁇ Sr e, select the sensitivity correction value for light source e.
  • the correction data storage unit 6 stores sensitivity correction value data for two or more types of light sources for each type of light source, thereby correcting color misregistration in the peripheral portion of the image when the light source changes. The accuracy can be increased.
  • the light source measurement unit 7 can be replaced with the light source information input unit as in the second embodiment.
  • the configuration of the main part of the digital camera system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the digital camera system according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and the contents of data stored in the correction data storage unit 6 are as follows.
  • the sensitivity correction value data for the five light sources in the third embodiment is taken as an example, whereas in this embodiment the sensitivity correction value data for the n light sources is used)
  • the sensitivity correction value calculation method in the correction value calculation unit 5 is different.
  • the digital camera system In the digital camera system according to the third embodiment of the present invention, only the types of light sources stored in the correction data storage unit 6 can be handled, and various types of light sources cannot be handled. Therefore, in the digital camera system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it corresponds to the measurement value measured by the light source measurement unit 7 so that accurate correction according to each light source can be performed even with various light sources.
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 performs the following calculation to adapt to the pixel that is subject to sensitivity correction and the light source at the time of imaging. The calculated sensitivity correction value is calculated.
  • the measurement value of the light source measurement unit 7 corresponding to the type of light source stored in the correction data storage unit 6 is Sr (k is a natural number from 1 to n), and each of the measurement values stored in the correction data storage unit 6 is stored.
  • Light source k is a natural number from 1 to n
  • the sensitivity correction value at is Gr (k is a natural number from l to n). At that time, the light source for shooting
  • the sensitivity correction value Gr calculated by the correction value calculation unit 5 can be expressed by a polynomial.
  • Figure 5 shows the calculation by the correction value calculation unit 5.
  • the sensitivity correction value Gr to be output is shown as an example of a linear expression such as the following equation (2).
  • the light source measurement unit 7 can be replaced with a light source information input unit as in the second embodiment.
  • a device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention
  • the main part configuration of the digital camera system is the same as that of the digital camera system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the light source measurement unit 7 outputs the output signal of the solid-state imaging device 3 or the output signal of the automatic white noise control unit 9. Based on! /, The value that depends on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of shooting is measured.
  • the cost of the light source measurement unit 7 can be reduced.
  • a value obtained by integrating the R pixel signals output from the solid-state imaging device 3 over the entire screen area is
  • an integrated value over the entire screen area of the R pixel signal output from the solid-state imaging device 3 with a certain light source a is defined as ⁇ Ra.
  • the correction data storage unit 6 stores sensitivity correction value data for a certain light source a.
  • Gra be a sensitivity correction value suitable for a pixel that is a target of sensitivity correction included in the sensitivity correction value data stored in the correction data storage unit 6.
  • light source b shall be used as the light source at the time of shooting.
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 calculates Sensitivity correction value (sensitivity correction value adapted to the pixel for sensitivity correction and the light source at the time of imaging) Grb is calculated by the following equation (3).
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 stores the integrated value ⁇ Ra and the correction intensity value k in advance!
  • Grb k X Gra X ( ⁇ Rb / ⁇ Ra)
  • a value depending on the spectral characteristics of the light source at the time of photographing was measured based on the integrated value ⁇ R of the R pixel signal output from the solid-state imaging device 3 over the entire screen area. Since the balance R signal correction gain value or white balance B signal correction gain value also changes depending on the color temperature of the light source, this value can also be used. Generally, when the color temperature is high, the white balance R signal correction gain value is large, and when the color temperature is low, the white balance R signal correction gain value is small.
  • the white balance R signal correction gain value for a certain light source a is WBRa.
  • the correction data storage unit 6 stores sensitivity correction value data for a certain light source a! [0053] Let Gra be a sensitivity correction value suitable for the pixel that is the target of sensitivity correction included in the sensitivity correction value data stored in the correction data storage unit 6.
  • light source b shall be used as the light source at the time of shooting.
  • the sensitivity correction value calculated by the correction value calculation unit 5 (the target of sensitivity correction) Sensitivity correction value adapted to the pixel and the light source at the time of imaging) Grb is calculated by the following equation (4).
  • the correction value calculation unit 5 stores the correction gain value WBRa and the correction intensity value k in advance.
  • Grb k X Gra X (WBRa / WBRb) (4)
  • the correction data storage unit 6 stores sensitivity correction value data for two or more types of light sources. Let's keep it in mind.
  • the image processing device can be used by being incorporated in a solid-state imaging device as a device for processing a digital pixel signal output from the solid-state imaging device.
  • the solid-state imaging device can be used by being incorporated in various electronic devices such as a digital still camera and a movie camera.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'imagerie qui comprend : une unité de stockage de données de correction (6) qui contient des données sur une valeur de correction pour corriger la sensibilité de chaque pixel ; une unité de mesure de source lumineuse (7) pour mesurer une valeur qui dépend de la caractéristique spectrale de la source lumineuse suite à l'imagerie ; une unité de calcul de valeur de correction (5) permettant d'acquérir la valeur de correction de chaque pixel selon la valeur de correction de la correction de sensibilité enregistrée dans l'unité de stockage des données de correction (6) et la valeur mesurée par l'unité de mesure de source lumineuse (7) ainsi qu'une unité de correction (4) qui corrige le signal de pixel en utilisant la valeur de correction calculée par l'unité de calcul correspondante (5).
PCT/JP2007/070544 2006-11-07 2007-10-22 Dispositif, procédé et programme de traitement d'image, dispositif d'imagerie à l'état solide et dispositif électronique WO2008056531A1 (fr)

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