WO2008054333A1 - Sonic state control sensor - Google Patents
Sonic state control sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008054333A1 WO2008054333A1 PCT/TR2006/000052 TR2006000052W WO2008054333A1 WO 2008054333 A1 WO2008054333 A1 WO 2008054333A1 TR 2006000052 W TR2006000052 W TR 2006000052W WO 2008054333 A1 WO2008054333 A1 WO 2008054333A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- receiver
- control sensor
- state
- state control
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/348—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/025—Change of phase or condition
- G01N2291/0251—Solidification, icing, curing composites, polymerisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
- G01N2291/102—Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a state control sensor controlling to detect changes of a state in a medium to be sensed.
- the state control sensor comprises a transmitter and a receiver antenna, which transmits and receives sonic waves, respectively, to set an initial state value to be compared with subsequent values determined each subsequent sensor signal received.
- sensors Being an interface member between a digital and a physical medium, sensors are functionally expected to provide sufficient accuracy to detect the parameter or variable aimed to be sensed.
- the character of an application field of a sensor is decisive in selecting the sensor type like mechanic, electromagnetic, chemical, acoustic etc. As the present invention covers the type relying on acoustic principles, other sensor types are excluded from the scope of the invention.
- US 5,777,228 discloses a method and apparatus for detecting a change in the state of a part of an object to be measured that has a section having a first plate part and a second plate part which has a plate surface opposite to a plate surface of the first plate part with a gap between the plate surfaces and is integral with the first plate part or is connected to the first plate part.
- the method includes, and the apparatus has device for, applying vibrations to the object to be measured at a site at the section to generate flexural, torsional and stationary vibration waves in the object, subjecting the stationary vibration waves generated in the object to be measured to a spectral analysis, calculating the frequency difference of spectra divided into two by high order torsional vibrations generated at the section out of the group of spectra by the stationary vibration waves, and detecting a change in thickness between the first plate part and the second plate part or a defect formed in the first plate part or the second plate part based on the calculated frequency difference.
- DE19640859 discloses a method involving stimulating a vibration at a first measurement point on the object surface using an ultrasonic transmitter transducer, measuring vibrations at a second measurement point using an ultrasonic receiver transducer and comparing with the stimulated vibration to detect a difference characteristic of the material's state.
- the vibrations are stimulated with a different frequency in several successive test cycles so as to change the depth of penetration of the vibrations for each test cycle.
- the ultrasonic receiver transducer detects the vibrations for each frequency.
- JP6331341 discloses measurement of an effective thickness of a liner by an ultrasonic energy imparted to outer surface of simultaneous extrusion worked product of an Zr alloy-made pipe and a pipe liner, and first and second echo signals corresponding to the boundary surface of the pipe and the pipe liner and the inner surface of the product.
- a variable timing band corresponding to the thickness and cross sectional characteristic is determined between these detected signals, and an unnecessary signal is arrested by three arresting gates on both side of a band and within the band.
- the side of the arresting gate situated within the band adjacently to the detected first signal is locked on the first signal, and the opposite side of the arresting gate is regulated so that the arresting gate covers the maximum area of the band and is laid in the state narrower than the band.
- the time required for ultrasonic wave moving across the band is repeatedly measured to judge the thickness and characteristic of the liner.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a state control sensor operating at a relatively low-level frequency i.e. at sonic frequency for determining an initial state of a medium to be sensed to detect any change in subsequent states of the same.
- a state control sensor of the kind comprising a transmitter transmitting signals to a medium and a receiver receiving signals from the medium for detecting if any change in state occurred in the medium, characterized in that the sensor is set to an initial state value by transmitting sonic frequency signals to the medium and receiving sonic frequency signals from the medium, and a change in state is detected when the subsequent state value corresponding to the signal received by the receiver in subsequent sensing cycle is different than the initial state value.
- Figure 1 illustrates the state control sensor in front view.
- Figure 2 illustrates the state control sensor with an illustrative application to a surface in side view.
- Figure 3 illustrates the state control sensor with control circuit in a schematic view.
- the sensor comprises two main units:
- the first unit includes a transmitting antenna (1) and a receiving antenna (2) as shown in Fig. 1.
- the transmitting antenna is capable of transmitting sonic waves, preferably in a range of 3 Hz. to 300 KHz., and more preferably in a range of 1 KHz. to 100 KHz. and most preferably in a range of 25 KHz. to 35 KHz. to the medium to be detected for change in state of the medium.
- the term "medium” throughout this description means any medium that is fluid, solid or quasi-liquid etc. including air, water, metal, plastic and so on.
- Fig.2 illustrates detection a change in state of a flat surface.
- reference number 4 designates a surface
- number 3 designates an object brought nearby the surface (4).
- transmitter (1) and the receiver (2) are placed behind the surface (4), which is a typical application in most readily imaginable arrangements like security devices.
- sonic wave signals are transmitted towards the other side of the surface (4), which is intended to be detected for a change in state that is detecting existence of an object in this particular example.
- sonic wave signals transmitted by the transmitter (1) which is linked to a electronic circuit (5), to the other side of the surface (4) are reflected back to the receiver (2) which is communicated with a receiver circuit (6).
- the output signal of the receiver (2) is then fed into the receiver circuit (6) to store a value therein, namely value "A".
- each sensing cycle generates the same value "A” insofar as there is no change in state at the other side of the surface (4).
- the value generated by the receiver circuit (6) becomes a different value, namely value "B” i.e. different from the value "A", due to change in sonic wave sensed by the receiver (2) as a result of the existence of the object.
- the state control sensor can be arranged to detect state changes in more than spatial directions, i.e. in three dimensional applications like detection a change in state in a spherical volume can be detected. Furthermore, the state control sensor can be adapted to various application fields including - and not limited to - medical, security, mechanical fields. For instance, in medical field, the state control sensor can be used as a tumor identification means at the very beginning of tumor formation in brain.
- An individual can be periodically monitored, for instance once a month, to detect whether a change that is any formation is identified in the brain.
- the brain formation data should, of course, have been stored prior to the later sensing cycles for comparison the initial stored data to the data generated at the later stages.
- the state control sensor of the invention is applicable to, for example, mechanical field.
- non-destructive testing of materials for example, can be achieved by the state control sensor of the invention.
- Sonic waves are transmitted by the transmitter through the material to be tested and received signals are compared by the initial state value in the receiver circuit.
- the state control sensor of the invention can also be used to detect resonance frequency of building constructions. Once resonance frequency of a construction is known, any vibration, like an earthquake, generating frequency that is close to resonance frequency of the construction is detected and a warning signal is generated.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
A state control sensor comprising a transmitter (1) transmitting signals to a medium and a receiver (2) receiving signals from the medium for detecting if any change in state occurred in the medium, characterized in that the sensor is set to an initial state value by transmitting sonic frequency signals to the medium and receiving sonic frequency signals from the medium, and a change in state is detected when the subsequent state value corresponding to the signal received by the receiver (2) in subsequent sensing cycle is different than the initial state value.
Description
SONIC STATE CONTROL SENSOR
TECHNICAL FIELD
Present invention relates to a state control sensor controlling to detect changes of a state in a medium to be sensed. The state control sensor, according to the invention, comprises a transmitter and a receiver antenna, which transmits and receives sonic waves, respectively, to set an initial state value to be compared with subsequent values determined each subsequent sensor signal received.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Being an interface member between a digital and a physical medium, sensors are functionally expected to provide sufficient accuracy to detect the parameter or variable aimed to be sensed. The character of an application field of a sensor is decisive in selecting the sensor type like mechanic, electromagnetic, chemical, acoustic etc. As the present invention covers the type relying on acoustic principles, other sensor types are excluded from the scope of the invention.
Prior art reveals numerous of solution proposals in respect of ultrasonic sensors in various application fields. For example, US 5,777,228 discloses a method and apparatus for detecting a change in the state of a part of an object to be measured that has a section having a first plate part and a second plate part which has a plate surface opposite to a plate surface of the first plate part with a gap between the plate surfaces and is integral with the first plate part or is connected to the first plate part. The method includes, and the apparatus has device for, applying vibrations to the object to be measured at a site at the section to generate flexural, torsional and stationary vibration waves in the object, subjecting the stationary vibration waves generated in the object to be measured to a spectral analysis, calculating the frequency difference of spectra divided into two by high order torsional vibrations generated at the section out of the group of spectra by the stationary vibration waves, and detecting a change in thickness between the first
plate part and the second plate part or a defect formed in the first plate part or the second plate part based on the calculated frequency difference.
DE19640859 discloses a method involving stimulating a vibration at a first measurement point on the object surface using an ultrasonic transmitter transducer, measuring vibrations at a second measurement point using an ultrasonic receiver transducer and comparing with the stimulated vibration to detect a difference characteristic of the material's state. The vibrations are stimulated with a different frequency in several successive test cycles so as to change the depth of penetration of the vibrations for each test cycle. The ultrasonic receiver transducer detects the vibrations for each frequency.
JP6331341 discloses measurement of an effective thickness of a liner by an ultrasonic energy imparted to outer surface of simultaneous extrusion worked product of an Zr alloy-made pipe and a pipe liner, and first and second echo signals corresponding to the boundary surface of the pipe and the pipe liner and the inner surface of the product. A variable timing band corresponding to the thickness and cross sectional characteristic is determined between these detected signals, and an unnecessary signal is arrested by three arresting gates on both side of a band and within the band. The side of the arresting gate situated within the band adjacently to the detected first signal is locked on the first signal, and the opposite side of the arresting gate is regulated so that the arresting gate covers the maximum area of the band and is laid in the state narrower than the band. The time required for ultrasonic wave moving across the band is repeatedly measured to judge the thickness and characteristic of the liner.
Above referenced exemplary prior art documents have a disadvantage in that the initial state detection is based on ultrasonic sensing method, which requires high frequency sonic wave transmission. It is well known that high frequency (ultra) sonic waves may interfere with the devices placed in the area where the high frequency wave signals are effective, which may lead to fail the operation of the devices. Furthermore, high frequency sonic wave generation requires rather
complicated equipment which is more costly than that of a low frequency equipment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a state control sensor operating at a relatively low-level frequency i.e. at sonic frequency for determining an initial state of a medium to be sensed to detect any change in subsequent states of the same.
The object is achieved by a state control sensor of the kind, comprising a transmitter transmitting signals to a medium and a receiver receiving signals from the medium for detecting if any change in state occurred in the medium, characterized in that the sensor is set to an initial state value by transmitting sonic frequency signals to the medium and receiving sonic frequency signals from the medium, and a change in state is detected when the subsequent state value corresponding to the signal received by the receiver in subsequent sensing cycle is different than the initial state value.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, not limiting the scope, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 illustrates the state control sensor in front view.
Figure 2 illustrates the state control sensor with an illustrative application to a surface in side view.
Figure 3 illustrates the state control sensor with control circuit in a schematic view.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sensor comprises two main units: The first unit includes a transmitting antenna (1) and a receiving antenna (2) as shown in Fig. 1. The transmitting antenna is capable of transmitting sonic waves, preferably in a range of 3 Hz. to 300 KHz., and more preferably in a range of 1
KHz. to 100 KHz. and most preferably in a range of 25 KHz. to 35 KHz. to the medium to be detected for change in state of the medium. The term "medium" throughout this description means any medium that is fluid, solid or quasi-liquid etc. including air, water, metal, plastic and so on.
The underlying inventive idea is most simplified with the Fig.2 which illustrates detection a change in state of a flat surface. According to the figure, reference number 4 designates a surface, number 3 designates an object brought nearby the surface (4). In this simple example, transmitter (1) and the receiver (2) are placed behind the surface (4), which is a typical application in most readily imaginable arrangements like security devices.
In operation, sonic wave signals are transmitted towards the other side of the surface (4), which is intended to be detected for a change in state that is detecting existence of an object in this particular example. At an initial state, it is assumed that there is no any object at the other side, the side where the transmitter and receiver are not placed. Therefore, sonic wave signals transmitted by the transmitter (1), which is linked to a electronic circuit (5), to the other side of the surface (4) are reflected back to the receiver (2) which is communicated with a receiver circuit (6).
The output signal of the receiver (2) is then fed into the receiver circuit (6) to store a value therein, namely value "A". As the sensor operates to transmit and receive signals continuously, each sensing cycle generates the same value "A" insofar as there is no change in state at the other side of the surface (4). Once an object (3) is brought in the vicinity of the surface (4), then the value generated by the receiver circuit (6) becomes a different value, namely value "B" i.e. different from the value "A", due to change in sonic wave sensed by the receiver (2) as a result of the existence of the object. By means of a software provided in the circuit (6), values received each sensing cycle are compared and an output signal (7) is generated when a change occurs between the initial value and any value generated in the course of subsequent sensing cycles.
The state control sensor according to the invention can be arranged to detect state changes in more than spatial directions, i.e. in three dimensional applications like detection a change in state in a spherical volume can be detected. Furthermore, the state control sensor can be adapted to various application fields including - and not limited to - medical, security, mechanical fields. For instance, in medical field, the state control sensor can be used as a tumor identification means at the very beginning of tumor formation in brain. An individual can be periodically monitored, for instance once a month, to detect whether a change that is any formation is identified in the brain. In this particular example, the brain formation data should, of course, have been stored prior to the later sensing cycles for comparison the initial stored data to the data generated at the later stages.
The state control sensor of the invention is applicable to, for example, mechanical field. In this example, non-destructive testing of materials, for example, can be achieved by the state control sensor of the invention. Sonic waves are transmitted by the transmitter through the material to be tested and received signals are compared by the initial state value in the receiver circuit.
The state control sensor of the invention can also be used to detect resonance frequency of building constructions. Once resonance frequency of a construction is known, any vibration, like an earthquake, generating frequency that is close to resonance frequency of the construction is detected and a warning signal is generated.
Claims
1. A state control sensor comprising a transmitter (1) transmitting signals to a medium and a receiver (2) receiving signals from the medium for detecting if any change in state occurred in the medium, characterized in that the sensor is set to an initial state value by transmitting sonic frequency signals to the medium and receiving sonic frequency signals from the medium, and a change in state is detected when the subsequent state value corresponding to the signal received by the receiver (2) in subsequent sensing cycle is different than the initial state value.
2. A state control sensor according to claim 1 , characterized in that a receiver circuit (6) is communicated with the receiver (2) to store and compare data provided by the receiver (2) thereto.
3. A state control sensor according to claim 1 , characterized in that the sonic frequency transmitted by the transmitter (1) is preferably in the range of 3 Hz. to 300 KHz., and more preferably 1 KHz. to 100 KHz., and most preferably 25 KHz. to 35 KHz.
4. A state control sensor according to claim 1 , characterized in that the medium is a material-independent medium comprising fluid, solid or quasi-liquid media.
5. A state control sensor according to claim 1 , characterized in that the sonic wave signals are transmitted to at least one spatial direction in the medium.
6. A state control sensor according to claim 1 , characterized in that the receiver circuit (6) is provided with a software to store and compare data provided by the receiver (2) thereto.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/TR2006/000052 WO2008054333A1 (en) | 2006-11-01 | 2006-11-01 | Sonic state control sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/TR2006/000052 WO2008054333A1 (en) | 2006-11-01 | 2006-11-01 | Sonic state control sensor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008054333A1 true WO2008054333A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
Family
ID=38198031
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/TR2006/000052 WO2008054333A1 (en) | 2006-11-01 | 2006-11-01 | Sonic state control sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2008054333A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113008995A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-22 | 恩德莱斯和豪斯集团服务股份公司 | System and method for monitoring the condition of objects comprised in a pipe system |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4116584A1 (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 1992-11-26 | Nukem Gmbh | Non-destructive measurement of material properties to detect ageing effects - passing continuous wave ultrasound repeatedly through object and comparing received and transmitted waves |
| DE19640859A1 (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-09 | Schmitt Thomas Karlheinz G Pro | Method of non-destructive determination of material condition in components |
| US5838633A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-11-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method for estimating formation in-situ stress magnitudes using a sonic borehole tool |
| EP1243901A1 (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2002-09-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Flowmeter |
| US20040081020A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-29 | Blosser Robert L. | Sonic identification system and method |
| EP1707290A1 (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2006-10-04 | JFE Steel Corporation | Method for detecting solidification completion position of continuous casting cast piece, detector, and method for producing continuous casting cast piece |
-
2006
- 2006-11-01 WO PCT/TR2006/000052 patent/WO2008054333A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4116584A1 (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 1992-11-26 | Nukem Gmbh | Non-destructive measurement of material properties to detect ageing effects - passing continuous wave ultrasound repeatedly through object and comparing received and transmitted waves |
| DE19640859A1 (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-09 | Schmitt Thomas Karlheinz G Pro | Method of non-destructive determination of material condition in components |
| US5838633A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-11-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method for estimating formation in-situ stress magnitudes using a sonic borehole tool |
| EP1243901A1 (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2002-09-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Flowmeter |
| US20040081020A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-29 | Blosser Robert L. | Sonic identification system and method |
| EP1707290A1 (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2006-10-04 | JFE Steel Corporation | Method for detecting solidification completion position of continuous casting cast piece, detector, and method for producing continuous casting cast piece |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113008995A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-22 | 恩德莱斯和豪斯集团服务股份公司 | System and method for monitoring the condition of objects comprised in a pipe system |
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