WO2008034526A2 - Method for supplying natural gas - Google Patents

Method for supplying natural gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008034526A2
WO2008034526A2 PCT/EP2007/007771 EP2007007771W WO2008034526A2 WO 2008034526 A2 WO2008034526 A2 WO 2008034526A2 EP 2007007771 W EP2007007771 W EP 2007007771W WO 2008034526 A2 WO2008034526 A2 WO 2008034526A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
natural gas
component
ppm
methanol
ethanol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/007771
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008034526A3 (en
Inventor
Robert Adler
Helmut Mayer
Georg Siebert
Martin Stehrlein
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication of WO2008034526A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008034526A2/en
Publication of WO2008034526A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008034526A3/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/003—Additives for gaseous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
    • F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F17D1/04—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for distribution of gas
    • F17D1/05—Preventing freezing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
    • F17C2260/056—Improving fluid characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/025—Mixing fluids different fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for providing natural gas, in particular of natural gas used for the refueling of vehicles.
  • the invention relates to natural gas, in particular used for the refueling of natural gas vehicles.
  • Natural gas vehicles and gas stations have become state of the art in the meantime.
  • the storage of natural gas on board the natural gas vehicles is usually in high-pressure storage tanks.
  • the gas to be refueled so far only a fragrance is added, which makes it possible to detect gas leaks quickly and easily.
  • Natural gas is a natural product and therefore has a relatively high level of contamination with water. For this reason, it has hitherto been attempted to dry the natural gas as far as possible by means of suitable dryers, for example by means of a molecular sieve adsorber. Nevertheless, however, a residual amount of water remains in the natural gas. Due to the fact that natural gas has a relatively large Joule-Thomson effect, it comes during the relaxation of the natural gas stream during refueling to a cooling of the natural gas to about - 60 0 C. This has the consequence that the still contained in natural gas water fails. The water now reacts with the methane present in the natural gas and forms the solid methane hydride. This leads to filter linings and to increased maintenance of the valves of internal combustion engines, as their sealing surfaces are damaged by the mentioned Methanhydridverungraphyen.
  • Ignition pressure fluctuations of +/- 20 bar The setting of a natural gas-powered internal combustion engine to the optimum operating point is thus difficult.
  • a disadvantage of the above-described fluctuation of the ignition pressure is in particular the resulting increased wear behavior of the internal combustion engine.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for providing natural gas, in particular used for the refueling of natural gas vehicles. Furthermore, the invention has the object, a natural gas, which is particularly suitable for the refueling of vehicles specify.
  • this object is achieved in that the natural gas at least one component which has a freezing point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing effect, is admixed.
  • the natural gas according to the invention is characterized in that at least one component which has a freezing-point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing effect is admixed with it.
  • the admixed component (s) having a content between 1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 5 and 500 ppm, are present in the natural gas and the component (s) is added to the natural gas before refueling and / or after refueling the vehicle.
  • freezing point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing care must be taken in the case of the components used that they have no negative impact on the natural gas or the consumer to which the natural gas is supplied.
  • methanol, ethanol or mixtures of methanol and ethanol are suitable as components to be admixed with the natural gas. Since the amount of water (residual) in the natural gas is comparatively low, it is generally sufficient if the admixed components are present in a content between 1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 5 and 500 ppm in natural gas. In principle, however, other components which satisfy the conditions "freezing point depressing" and / or “ignition pressure stabilizing" or mixtures of such components can be admixed with the natural gas.
  • the admixture of the components to the natural gas can take place before the refueling and / or after the refueling of a vehicle. It would be most convenient already, the desired component (s) already in the
  • Natural gas stream supplied to the natural gas filling station It is also conceivable, moreover, that the admixing of the desired components with the natural gas takes place only immediately in the natural gas filling station. This variant will be particularly advantageous if the supply of natural gas filling station with natural gas from a conventional (urban) natural gas network.
  • an admixture of the components can be realized on board a refueled or operated with natural gas vehicle. However, this assumes that the vehicle itself has a storage device for the component (s) to be mixed.
  • the use according to the invention of at least one component admixed with the natural gas and having a freezing-point-lowering effect now has the advantage that the water (still) contained in the natural gas does not freeze or precipitate even at low temperatures. Furthermore, the undesired formation of methane hydride is prevented. All plant components and fittings of a natural gas Gas station, which must be operated at low temperatures, such as filling valves, shut-off valves, cooling systems, filters, etc., can thus no longer be frozen or misplaced.
  • the maintenance intensity of natural gas vehicles is reduced because the ignition pressure no longer fluctuates up to 40 bar as before.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for supplying natural gas, especially natural gas used for filling up vehicles. According to the invention, at least one constituent which reduces the freezing point and/or stabilises the ignition pressure is mixed with the natural gas. Methanol, ethanol or a mixture of methanol and ethanol is preferably mixed with the natural gas. The content of the constituents added to the natural gas is between 1 and 1000 ppm, especially between 5 and 500 ppm.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von ErdgasMethod for providing natural gas
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Erdgas, insbesondere von für die Betankung von Fahrzeugen verwendetem Erdgas.The invention relates to a method for providing natural gas, in particular of natural gas used for the refueling of vehicles.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung Erdgas, insbesondere von für die Betankung von Fahrzeugen verwendetem Erdgas.Furthermore, the invention relates to natural gas, in particular used for the refueling of natural gas vehicles.
Erdgas-Fahrzeuge und -Tankstellen sind zwischenzeitlich Stand der Technik. Die Speicherung des Erdgases an Bord der Erdgas-Fahrzeuge erfolgt im Regelfall in Hochdruck-Speicherbehältern. Dem zu tankenden Erdgas wird bisher lediglich ein Duftstoff beigemengt, der es ermöglicht, entstandene Gaslecks schnell und einfach zu detektieren.Natural gas vehicles and gas stations have become state of the art in the meantime. The storage of natural gas on board the natural gas vehicles is usually in high-pressure storage tanks. The gas to be refueled so far only a fragrance is added, which makes it possible to detect gas leaks quickly and easily.
Erdgas ist ein Naturprodukt und weist aus diesem Grund eine relativ hohe Kontamination mit Wasser auf. Aus diesem Grund wird bisher mittels geeigneter Trockner - beispielsweise mittels Molsieb-Adsorber - versucht, das Erdgas soweit als möglich zu trocknen. Nichtsdestotrotz verbleibt jedoch eine Restmenge Wasser im Erdgas. Aufgrund des Umstandes, dass Erdgas einen relativ großen Joule-Thomson- Effekt aufweist, kommt es während des Entspannens des Erdgasstromes beim Betanken zu einer Abkühlung des Erdgases auf ca. - 60 0C. Dies hat zur Folge, dass das noch im Erdgas enthaltene Wasser ausfällt. Das Wasser reagiert nun mit dem im Erdgas vorhandenen Methan und bildet den Feststoff Methanhydrid. Dieser führt zu Verlegungen an Filtern und zu einem erhöhten Wartungsaufwand an den Ventilen von Verbrennungsmotoren, da deren Dichtflächen durch die erwähnten Methanhydridverunreinigungen beschädigt werden.Natural gas is a natural product and therefore has a relatively high level of contamination with water. For this reason, it has hitherto been attempted to dry the natural gas as far as possible by means of suitable dryers, for example by means of a molecular sieve adsorber. Nevertheless, however, a residual amount of water remains in the natural gas. Due to the fact that natural gas has a relatively large Joule-Thomson effect, it comes during the relaxation of the natural gas stream during refueling to a cooling of the natural gas to about - 60 0 C. This has the consequence that the still contained in natural gas water fails. The water now reacts with the methane present in the natural gas and forms the solid methane hydride. This leads to filter linings and to increased maintenance of the valves of internal combustion engines, as their sealing surfaces are damaged by the mentioned Methanhydridverunreinigungen.
Insbesondere bei mit Erdgas betriebenen Verbrennungsmotoren besteht zudem das Problem, dass der Zünddruck im Verbrennungsmotor variiert. Liegt er im Regelfall bei etwa 70 bar, kommt es bei der Verwendung von Erdgas zu Schwankungen von +/- 20 bar. Auch dieser Effekt wird dadurch verursacht, dass Erdgas kein reines Produkt ist, insbesondere die Zusammensetzung seiner C6+-Komponenten variiert. Die verwendeten Einspritzanlagen der Verbrennungsmotoren dosieren das Erdgas volumetrisch (Einspritzdosierung). Aufgrund der wechselnden Zusammensetzung des verwendeten Erdgases, speziell der in ihm enthaltenen C6+-Komponenten, variiert folglich die nötige Zündenergie des Erdgasgemisches. Diese Variation der Zündenergie wiederum bewirkt ein zeitlich versetztes Durchzünden des Gasgemisches. Bedingt durch die Kolbenbewegung kommt es dadurch zuIn particular, in internal combustion engines operated with natural gas, there is also the problem that the ignition pressure in the internal combustion engine varies. If it is usually at about 70 bar, it comes with the use of natural gas to fluctuations of +/- 20 bar. This effect is also caused by the fact that natural gas is not a pure product, in particular the composition of its C 6+ components varies. The injection systems of combustion engines used meter the natural gas volumetric (injection dosage). Due to the changing composition of the natural gas used, especially the C 6+ components contained in it, thus varies the necessary ignition energy of the natural gas mixture. This variation of the ignition energy in turn causes a time-delayed ignition of the gas mixture. Due to the piston movement, this is the case
Zünddruckschwankungen von +/- 20 bar. Die Einstellung eines mit Erdgas betriebenen Verbrennungsmotors auf den optimalen Betriebspunkt ist somit nur schwer möglich. Von Nachteil bei der vorbeschriebenen Schwankung des Zünddruckes ist insbesondere das daraus resultierende erhöhte Verschleißverhalten des Verbrennungsmotors.Ignition pressure fluctuations of +/- 20 bar. The setting of a natural gas-powered internal combustion engine to the optimum operating point is thus difficult. A disadvantage of the above-described fluctuation of the ignition pressure is in particular the resulting increased wear behavior of the internal combustion engine.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Erdgas, insbesondere von für die Betankung von Fahrzeugen verwendetem Erdgas, anzugeben. Des Weiteren liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Erdgas, das insbesondere für die Betankung von Fahrzeugen geeignet ist, anzugeben.Object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for providing natural gas, in particular used for the refueling of natural gas vehicles. Furthermore, the invention has the object, a natural gas, which is particularly suitable for the refueling of vehicles specify.
Verfahrensseitig wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass dem Erdgas wenigstens eine Komponente, die eine gefrierpunkterniedrigende und/oder zünddruckstabilisierende Wirkung aufweist, beigemischt wird.The method, this object is achieved in that the natural gas at least one component which has a freezing point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing effect, is admixed.
Das erfindungsgemäße Erdgas zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ihm wenigstens eine Komponente, die eine gefrierpunkterniedrigende und/oder zünddruckstabilisierende Wirkung aufweist, beigemischt ist.The natural gas according to the invention is characterized in that at least one component which has a freezing-point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing effect is admixed with it.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Bereitstellen von Erdgas sowie des erfindungsgemäßen Erdgases, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassFurther advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention for providing natural gas and the natural gas according to the invention, which constitute subject matters of the dependent claims, are characterized in that
- dem Erdgas Methanol, Ethanol oder ein Gemisch aus Methanol und Ethanol beigemischt wird,methanol, ethanol or a mixture of methanol and ethanol is added to the natural gas,
die beigemischte(n) Komponente(n) mit einem Gehalt zwischen 1 und 1000 ppm, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 500 ppm im Erdgas vorliegen und die Beimischung der Komponente(n) zu dem Erdgas vor der Betankung und/oder nach der Betankung des Fahrzeuges erfolgt.the admixed component (s) having a content between 1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 5 and 500 ppm, are present in the natural gas and the component (s) is added to the natural gas before refueling and / or after refueling the vehicle.
Neben den gewünschten Eigenschaften gefrierpunkterniedrigend und/oder zünddruckstabilisierend ist bei der bzw. den verwendeten Komponenten darauf zu achten, dass sie keinen negativen Einfluss auf das Erdgas bzw. den Verbraucher, dem das Erdgas zugeführt wird, aufweisen.In addition to the desired properties freezing point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing care must be taken in the case of the components used that they have no negative impact on the natural gas or the consumer to which the natural gas is supplied.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass insbesondere Methanol, Ethanol oder Gemische aus Methanol und Ethanol als dem Erdgas beizumischende Komponenten geeignet sind. Da die Wasser(rest)menge im Erdgas vergleichsweise gering ist, ist es im Regelfall ausreichend, wenn die beigemischten Komponenten in einem Gehalt zwischen 1 und 1000 ppm, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 500 ppm im Erdgas vorliegen. Grundsätzlich können jedoch auch andere Komponenten, die den Bedingungen "gefrierpunkterniedrigend" und/oder "zünddruckstabilisierend" genügen oder Gemische aus derartigen Komponenten dem Erdgas beigemischt werden.It has been found that, in particular, methanol, ethanol or mixtures of methanol and ethanol are suitable as components to be admixed with the natural gas. Since the amount of water (residual) in the natural gas is comparatively low, it is generally sufficient if the admixed components are present in a content between 1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 5 and 500 ppm in natural gas. In principle, however, other components which satisfy the conditions "freezing point depressing" and / or "ignition pressure stabilizing" or mixtures of such components can be admixed with the natural gas.
Grundsätzlich kann die Beimischung der Komponenten zu dem Erdgas vor der Betankung und/oder nach der Betankung eines Fahrzeuges erfolgen. Am zweckmäßigsten dürfte es sein, die gewünschten Komponente(n) bereits in denIn principle, the admixture of the components to the natural gas can take place before the refueling and / or after the refueling of a vehicle. It would be most convenient already, the desired component (s) already in the
Erdgasstrom, mit dem die Erdgas-Tankstelle beliefert wird, beizumischen. Denkbar ist darüber hinaus auch, dass die Beimischung der gewünschten Komponenten zu dem Erdgas erst unmittelbar in der Erdgas-Tankstelle erfolgt. Diese Variante wird insbesondere dann von Vorteil sein, wenn die Versorgung der Erdgas-Tankstelle mit Erdgas aus einem herkömmlichen (städtischen) Erdgas-Netz erfolgt. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann auch eine Beimischung der Komponenten an Bord eines mit Erdgas betankten bzw. betriebenen Fahrzeuges realisiert werden. Dies setzt jedoch voraus, dass das Fahrzeug selbst eine Speichervorrichtung für die beizumischende(n) Komponente(n) aufweist.Natural gas stream supplied to the natural gas filling station. It is also conceivable, moreover, that the admixing of the desired components with the natural gas takes place only immediately in the natural gas filling station. This variant will be particularly advantageous if the supply of natural gas filling station with natural gas from a conventional (urban) natural gas network. Alternatively or additionally, an admixture of the components can be realized on board a refueled or operated with natural gas vehicle. However, this assumes that the vehicle itself has a storage device for the component (s) to be mixed.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung wenigstens einer dem Erdgas beigemischten Komponente, die eine gefrierpunkterniedrigende Wirkung aufweist, hat nunmehr den Vorteil, dass das im Erdgas (noch) enthaltene Wasser auch bei tiefen Temperaturen nicht gefriert bzw. ausfällt. Des Weiteren wird die unerwünschte Bildung von Methanhydrid verhindert. Sämtliche Anlagenteile und Armaturen einer Erdgas- Tankstelle, die bei tiefen Temperaturen betrieben werden müssen, beispielsweise Befüllventile, Absperrventile, Kühlanlagen, Filter, etc., können somit nicht mehr einfrieren bzw. verlegt werden.The use according to the invention of at least one component admixed with the natural gas and having a freezing-point-lowering effect now has the advantage that the water (still) contained in the natural gas does not freeze or precipitate even at low temperatures. Furthermore, the undesired formation of methane hydride is prevented. All plant components and fittings of a natural gas Gas station, which must be operated at low temperatures, such as filling valves, shut-off valves, cooling systems, filters, etc., can thus no longer be frozen or misplaced.
Auch an den Druckreglern und Drosselstellen führt die bei der Entspannung des Erdgases entstehende Kälte nun nicht mehr zu einem sog. innerlichen Zufrieren des Druckreglers bzw. der Drosselstelle. Die bisher gegebenenfalls vorzusehenden Zusatzheizungen können entfallen.Even at the pressure regulators and throttle points, the resulting in the relaxation of the natural gas cold no longer leads to a so-called. Internal freezing of the pressure regulator or the throttle point. The hitherto optionally be provided additional heaters can be omitted.
Aufgrund der zünddruckstabilisierenden Wirkung der beigemischten Komponente(n) verringert sich die Wartungsintensität von Erdgas-Fahrzeugen, da der Zünddruck nicht mehr wie bisher um bis zu 40 bar schwankt.Due to the ignition pressure stabilizing effect of the admixed component (s), the maintenance intensity of natural gas vehicles is reduced because the ignition pressure no longer fluctuates up to 40 bar as before.
Demgegenüber stehen vergleichsweise geringe zusätzliche Investitionskosten, die jedoch durch die mit der Beimischung einer oder mehrerer Komponenten zu dem Erdgas erreichten Vorteile in vergleichsweise kurzer Zeit kompensiert werden. In contrast, there are comparatively small additional investment costs, which, however, are compensated by the advantages achieved with the admixture of one or more components to the natural gas in a comparatively short time.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Erdgas, insbesondere von für die Betankung von Fahrzeugen verwendetem Erdgas, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Erdgas wenigstens eine Komponente, die eine gefrierpunkterniedrigende und/oder zünddruckstabilisierende Wirkung aufweist, beigemischt wird.1. A method for providing natural gas, in particular used for the refueling of natural gas vehicles, characterized in that the natural gas is admixed with at least one component which has a freezing point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing effect.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Erdgas Methanol, Ethanol oder ein Gemisch aus Methanol und Ethanol beigemischt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the natural gas, methanol, ethanol or a mixture of methanol and ethanol is added.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beigemischte(n) Komponente(n) mit einem Gehalt zwischen 1 und 1000 ppm, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 500 ppm im Erdgas vorliegen.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the admixed (s) component (s) having a content between 1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 5 and 500 ppm in natural gas.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beimischung der Komponente(n) zu dem Erdgas vor der Betankung und/oder nach der Betankung des Fahrzeuges erfolgt.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the admixture of the component (s) takes place to the natural gas before refueling and / or after refueling of the vehicle.
5. Erdgas, insbesondere von für die Betankung von Fahrzeugen verwendetem Erdgas, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Erdgas wenigstens eine Komponente, die eine gefrierpunkterniedrigende und/oder zünddruckstabilisierende Wirkung aufweist, beigemischt ist.5. natural gas, in particular of natural gas used for the refueling of vehicles, characterized in that the natural gas is admixed with at least one component which has a freezing point depressing and / or ignition pressure stabilizing effect.
6. Erdgas nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Erdgas Methanol, Ethanol oder ein Gemisch aus Methanol und Ethanol beigemischt ist.6. Natural gas according to claim 5, characterized in that the natural gas is mixed with methanol, ethanol or a mixture of methanol and ethanol.
7. Erdgas nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Erdgas die beigemischte(n) Komponente(n) mit einem Gehalt zwischen 1 und 1000 ppm, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 500 ppm im Erdgas aufweist. 7. Natural gas according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the natural gas, the admixed (s) component (s) having a content between 1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 5 and 500 ppm in natural gas.
PCT/EP2007/007771 2006-09-23 2007-09-06 Method for supplying natural gas WO2008034526A2 (en)

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