DE102005008059A1 - Separating nitrogen from nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon fractions, comprises removing nitrogen-free hydrocarbons from nitrogen separation process, before heating and mixing streams of warmed fractions; and cooling/heating the fractions - Google Patents
Separating nitrogen from nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon fractions, comprises removing nitrogen-free hydrocarbons from nitrogen separation process, before heating and mixing streams of warmed fractions; and cooling/heating the fractions Download PDFInfo
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- DE102005008059A1 DE102005008059A1 DE200510008059 DE102005008059A DE102005008059A1 DE 102005008059 A1 DE102005008059 A1 DE 102005008059A1 DE 200510008059 DE200510008059 DE 200510008059 DE 102005008059 A DE102005008059 A DE 102005008059A DE 102005008059 A1 DE102005008059 A1 DE 102005008059A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0238—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0257—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/08—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a triple pressure main column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/38—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using pre-separation or distributed distillation before a main column system, e.g. in a at least a double column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/78—Refluxing the column with a liquid stream originating from an upstream or downstream fractionator column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being (a mixture of) hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/88—Quasi-closed internal refrigeration or heat pump cycle, if not otherwise provided
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
- F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/40—Vertical layout or arrangement of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, condensers, heat exchangers etc.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Stickstoff aus einer Stickstoffenthaltenden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion, wobei die Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion abgekühlt, partiell kondensiert, einem Stickstoff-Anreicherungsprozess, aus dem eine erste, von Stickstoff befreite, Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion abgezogen und angewärmt wird, und einem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess zugeführt wird, aus dem eine zweite, von Stickstoff befreite, Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion abgezogen und angewärmt wird.The The invention relates to a method for separating nitrogen from a nitrogen-containing, hydrocarbon-rich fraction, wherein the hydrocarbon-rich fraction is cooled, partially condensed, a nitrogen enrichment process, from which a first, from nitrogen freed, hydrocarbon-rich fraction is withdrawn and warmed, and a nitrogen separation process, from which a second, stripped of nitrogen, hydrocarbon-rich fraction deducted and warmed becomes.
Die Abtrennung von Stickstoff aus einer Stickstoff-enthaltenden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion – wobei es sich bspw. um Erdgas handeln kann – erfolgt in sog. Nitrogen Rejection Units. Dies sind vergleichsweise kompakte Anlagen, die üblicherweise als sog. Cold Box gebaut werden bzw. ausgeführt sind. Die Bewertung derartiger Anlagen erfolgt hierbei im Regelfall über ihren Energieverbrauch.The Separation of nitrogen from a nitrogen-containing, hydrocarbon-rich fraction - wherein it may, for example, be natural gas - is in so-called. Nitrogen Rejection units. These are comparatively compact plants, usually be built as so-called. Cold box or are executed. The evaluation of such As a rule, systems are powered by their energy consumption.
Stickstoff-Abtrennprozesse – wie vorstehend beschrieben – haben grundsätzlich Probleme mit niedrigen Stickstoff-Konzentrationen in der zu reinigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion. Dies hat zur Folge, dass oftmals die geforderten Produktreinheiten – also der Stickstoffgehalt des Salesgases sowie der Methangehalt des Stickstoffes – nicht eingehalten werden können.Nitrogen separation processes - as described above - have in principle Problems with low nitrogen concentrations in the to be cleaned Hydrocarbon-rich fraction. As a result, often the required product purities - ie the nitrogen content of the gas of sale and methane content of nitrogen - not can be complied with.
Beträgt der Stickstoffgehalt weniger als 20 bis 25 %, wird dem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess im Regelfall ein sog. Stickstoff-Anreicherungsprozess in Form einer Anreicherungssäule vorgeschaltet. Dadurch kann die Stickstoff-Konzentration in der dem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess zugeführten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion auf Werte von mehr als 25 % erhöht werden. Diese Verfahrensweise eignet sich insbesondere für Prozesse, bei denen die Stickstoff-Konzentration im Rohgas nicht variiert. In derartigen Fällen wird der Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess für eine definierte Rohgaszusammensetzung optimiert und ausgelegt.Is the nitrogen content Less than 20 to 25%, the nitrogen separation process is usually a so-called. Nitrogen enrichment process upstream in the form of an enrichment column. This allows the nitrogen concentration in the nitrogen separation process supplied Hydrocarbon-rich fraction can be increased to values of more than 25%. This procedure is particularly suitable for processes where the nitrogen concentration not varied in the raw gas. In such cases, the nitrogen separation process for one defined raw gas composition optimized and designed.
Problematisch ist ferner eine Situation, bei der die Stickstoff-Konzentration über die Zeit im Einsatz- bzw. Rohgas schwankt, insbesondere ansteigt. Dies ist beispielsweise dann der Fall, wenn eine Stickstoff-Verpumpung (Enhanced Oil Recovery) einen zeitlichen Anstieg des Stickstoffgehaltes im Erdgas verursacht.Problematic is also a situation where the nitrogen concentration over the Time in the feed or raw gas fluctuates, especially increases. This is for example the case when a nitrogen pumping (Enhanced Oil Recovery) a temporal increase in nitrogen content caused in natural gas.
Bei der vorbeschriebenen Stickstoff-Verpumpung kann durch Einbringen des künstlich zugeführten Stickstoffes der Stickstoffgehalt in einem Erdgasstrom kontinuierlich von sehr geringen Werten bis annähernd 50 % ansteigen.at the above-described nitrogen pumping can by introducing of the artificial supplied Nitrogen the nitrogen content in a natural gas stream continuously from very low values to approximate 50% increase.
In diesen Fällen durchläuft bei konstanter Menge der Einsatzfraktion der flüssige, von Stickstoff befreite, Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Strom, der aus dem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess abgezogen wird, bei seinem Verdampfen einen Lastbereich, der von einem Wärmetauscher nicht mehr abgedeckt werden kann. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Strömungsverhältnisse der anzuwärmenden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion in dem- bzw. denjenigen Wärmetauschern, in denen sie verdampft wird, nicht mehr stabil sind. Dadurch kann die Betreibbarkeit der Anlage, im Extremfall sogar die mechanische Festigkeit des bzw. der betroffenen Wärmetauscher gefährdet werden. Da bei gattungsgemäßen Verfahren im Regelfall als Wärmetauscher Plattentauscher vorgesehen sind und die Verdampfung von unten nach oben stattfindet, verschärft sich die vorbeschriebene Problematik noch.In these cases goes through with a constant amount of the feed fraction, the liquid, nitrogen-free, Hydrocarbon-rich stream withdrawn from the nitrogen separation process is, when it evaporates a load range of a heat exchanger can not be covered anymore. This has the consequence that the flow conditions the to be heated, Hydrocarbon-rich fraction in the heat exchanger (s), in which it is evaporated, are no longer stable. This can the operability of the plant, in extreme cases even the mechanical one Strength of the affected heat exchanger or be endangered. As in generic methods usually as a heat exchanger Plate exchangers are provided and the evaporation from below to takes place above, aggravates the above problem still.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Stickstoff aus einer Stickstoff-enthaltenden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion anzugeben, das die vorgenannten Probleme löst.task The present invention is a generic method for separating of nitrogen from a nitrogen-containing, hydrocarbon-rich Indicate a group which solves the above problems.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Stickstoff aus einer Stickstoff-enthaltenden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion vorgeschlagen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
- a) zumindest zeitweilig der aus dem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess abgezogenen, von Stickstoff befreiten, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion vor ihrer Anwärmung wenigstens ein Teilstrom der ersten angewärmten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion und/oder wenigstens ein Teilstrom der zweiten angewärmten, von Stickstoff befreite n, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion zugemischt wird,
- b) wobei der bzw. die zurückgeführten Teilströme vor ihrer Zumischung in dem- oder denjenigen Wärmetauschern abgekühlt werden, in dem bzw. in denen die von Stickstoff befreite, Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion angewärmt wird.
- a) at least temporarily withdrawing from the nitrogen removal process, freed from nitrogen, hydrocarbon-rich fraction prior to warming at least a partial stream of the first warmed hydrocarbon-rich fraction and / or at least a partial stream of the second warmed, freed from nitrogen n, hydrocarbon rich fraction is mixed in,
- b) wherein the recycled or the partial streams are cooled prior to their admixture in the or those heat exchangers in which or in which the nitrogen-free, hydrocarbon-rich fraction is heated.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nunmehr der aus dem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess abgezogenen, von Stickstoff befreiten, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion zumindest dann, wenn dies erforderlich ist, ein Teilstrom der ersten und/oder zweiten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion zugemischt, wobei der bzw. die zurückgeführten. Teilströme vor der Zumischung durch den- bzw. diejenigen Wärmetauscher geführt werden, in dem bzw. denen die Strömungsverhältnisse der anzuwärmenden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion – ohne Zumischung des bzw. der zurückgeführten Teilströme – nicht stabil wäre. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Rückführung und Zumischung können somit Menge und Zusammensetzung des anzuwärmenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes derart eingestellt werden, dass die kritischen Verdampfungspassagen zu jedem Zeitpunkt optimal belastet sind. Im Ergebnis ermöglicht die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise somit zu jedem Zeitpunkt einen optimalen, zumindest jedoch ausreichend guten Betrieb des oder der Wärmetauscher.According to the present invention, the hydrocarbon-rich fraction withdrawn from the nitrogen removal process is now admixed, at least when required, with a substream of the first and / or second hydrocarbon-rich fraction, the recycled one or more. Partial streams are passed before the admixture by den- or those heat exchanger in which or which the flow conditions of the heated, hydrocarbon-rich fraction - would not be stable without admixture of or the recirculated partial streams. The inventive repatriation and admixture thus amount and composition of warming hydrocarbon-rich stream are set so that the critical evaporation passages are optimally loaded at any time. As a result, the procedure according to the invention thus enables an optimum, but at least sufficiently good, operation of the heat exchanger or heat exchangers at any time.
Welcher der vorgenannten Teilströme für die Rückführung und Zumischung zu der aus dem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess abgezogenen Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion gewählt wird – oder ob gar die Teilströme beider Fraktionen zurückgeführt und zugemischt werden – ist im Wesentlichen abhängig von der Zusammensetzung des Rohgases, also der von Stickstoff zu befreienden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen (Einsatz)Fraktion. Insbesondere ist der Gehalt an denjenigen Kohlenwasserstoffen, die schwerer als Methan sind, von Bedeutung. Sofern dieser Gehalt mehr als 3 Vol.-% beträgt, wird vorzugsweise ein Teilstrom der zweiten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion zurückgeführt. Im Falle eines sehr mageren Rohgases, also eines Gases mit einem sehr niedrigen Gehalt an C2+-Kohlenwasserstoffen, wird bevorzugt ein Teilstrom der ersten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion in der beschriebenen Weise zurückgeführt.Which of the abovementioned partial streams is selected for the recirculation and admixture with the hydrocarbon-rich fraction withdrawn from the nitrogen removal process - or even if the partial streams of both fractions are recirculated and admixed - is essentially dependent on the composition of the raw gas, that is of nitrogen to be liberated, hydrocarbon-rich (use) fraction. In particular, the content of those hydrocarbons which are heavier than methane, of importance. If this content is more than 3 vol .-%, preferably a partial stream of the second hydrocarbon-rich fraction is recycled. In the case of a very lean raw gas, ie a gas with a very low content of C 2+ hydrocarbons, a partial stream of the first hydrocarbon-rich fraction is preferably recycled in the manner described.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Abtrennen von Stickstoff aus einer Stickstoff-enthaltenden, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion sind:
- – Möglichkeit der Variierung der Menge(n) des bzw. der zurückgeführten Teilströme der ersten und/oder der zweiten angewärmten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion.
- – Ein- oder mehrstufige Verdichtung der zweiten, angewärmten, von Stickstoff befreiten, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion.
- – Pumpen der aus dem Stickstoff-Abtrennprozess abgezogenen, von Stickstoff befreiten, zweiten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion, vorzugsweise vor deren Anwärmung.
- – Aufteilen der zweiten, von Stickstoff befreiten, Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion vor deren Anwärmung und Anwärmen und Verdampfen der Teilströme bei unterschiedlichen Drücken; anschließendes Zuspeisen der Teilströme während der Verdichtung auf einem passendem bzw. auf passenden Zwischendrücken.
- – Pumpen der ersten Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion, vorzugsweise vor deren Anwärmung.
- Possibility of varying the amount (s) of the recirculated partial streams of the first and / or the second warmed hydrocarbon-rich fraction.
- - Single or multi-stage compression of the second, warmed, nitrogen-free, hydrocarbon-rich fraction.
- Pumping the second hydrocarbon-rich fraction withdrawn from the nitrogen separation process and freed of nitrogen, preferably before heating it.
- - Divide the second, freed from nitrogen, hydrocarbon-rich fraction before warming and heating and evaporation of the partial streams at different pressures; Subsequent feeding of the partial streams during compaction on a suitable or on suitable intermediate pressures.
- - Pumping the first hydrocarbon-rich fraction, preferably before their warming.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen desselben, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, seien anhand des in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The inventive method as well as further embodiments thereof, the objects of dependent claims represent, are based on the embodiment shown in the figure explained in more detail.
Die über Leitung
Aus
dem Sumpf der Stickstoff-Anreicherungskolonne T wird über Leitung
Am
Kopf der Stickstoff-Anreicherungskolonne T wird über Leitung
Aus
dem Sumpf der Hochdruckkolonne T1 wird über Leitung
Die
bereits erwähnte, über Leitung
Aus
dem unteren Bereich der Niederdruckkolonne T2 wird über Leitung
In der Figur nicht dargestellt ist eine Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, bei dem die vorbeschriebene zweite, von Stickstoff befreite, Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Fraktion in zwei Teilströme aufgeteilt wird und diese in den Wärmetauschern E4, E3 und E1 bei unterschiedlichen Drücken angewärmt und verdampft werden. Anschließend werden diese Teilströme vorzugsweise während der Verdichtung auf einem passendem bzw. auf passenden Zwischendrücken wieder vereinigt.In the figure is not shown is an embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which the above-described second, nitrogen-free, hydrocarbon-rich Fraction in two streams is split and this in the heat exchangers E4, E3 and E1 warmed up at different pressures and be evaporated. Then be these partial flows preferably during the compression on a matching or on matching intermediate pressures again united.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nunmehr
zumindest zeitweilig ein Teilstrom der ersten Salesgasfraktion – über die
Leitungsabschnitte
Im
Leitungsabschnitt
Durch
das Vorsehen von in der Figur nicht dargestellten Regelventilen
in den Leitungsabschnitten
Durch die Rückführung und Zumischung des Teilstromes wenigstens einer Salesgasfraktion kann der Mengenstrom der in den Wärmetauschern E4, E3 und E1 zu verdampfenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion im Wesentlichen konstant gehalten werden, so dass die eingangs erläuterten Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwunden werden können.By the repatriation and Admixing the partial flow of at least one sales gas fraction of the Flow rate in the heat exchangers E4, E3 and E1 to vaporizing hydrocarbon-rich fraction be kept substantially constant, so that the above-explained Disadvantages of the prior art can be overcome.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510008059 DE102005008059A1 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2005-02-22 | Separating nitrogen from nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon fractions, comprises removing nitrogen-free hydrocarbons from nitrogen separation process, before heating and mixing streams of warmed fractions; and cooling/heating the fractions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510008059 DE102005008059A1 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2005-02-22 | Separating nitrogen from nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon fractions, comprises removing nitrogen-free hydrocarbons from nitrogen separation process, before heating and mixing streams of warmed fractions; and cooling/heating the fractions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102005008059A1 true DE102005008059A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
Family
ID=36794038
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DE200510008059 Withdrawn DE102005008059A1 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2005-02-22 | Separating nitrogen from nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon fractions, comprises removing nitrogen-free hydrocarbons from nitrogen separation process, before heating and mixing streams of warmed fractions; and cooling/heating the fractions |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE102005008059A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008017786A2 (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-14 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Unit and method for denitrogenation of natural gas |
CN107532847A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-01-02 | 林德股份公司 | Method for going to denitrogenate from hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
-
2005
- 2005-02-22 DE DE200510008059 patent/DE102005008059A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008017786A2 (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-14 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Unit and method for denitrogenation of natural gas |
WO2008017786A3 (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2009-03-19 | Air Liquide | Unit and method for denitrogenation of natural gas |
CN107532847A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-01-02 | 林德股份公司 | Method for going to denitrogenate from hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
CN107532847B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2020-05-22 | 林德股份公司 | Process for removing nitrogen from a hydrocarbon-rich fraction |
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