WO2008034331A1 - Compresseur de forme sphérique et compresseur à détente capable d'effectuer une compression multi-étage - Google Patents

Compresseur de forme sphérique et compresseur à détente capable d'effectuer une compression multi-étage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008034331A1
WO2008034331A1 PCT/CN2007/002567 CN2007002567W WO2008034331A1 WO 2008034331 A1 WO2008034331 A1 WO 2008034331A1 CN 2007002567 W CN2007002567 W CN 2007002567W WO 2008034331 A1 WO2008034331 A1 WO 2008034331A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
turntable
spherical
pin seat
pin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/002567
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Luyi Wang
Original Assignee
Ma, Lili
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CNB2006101045698A external-priority patent/CN100400880C/zh
Priority claimed from CN 200620079799 external-priority patent/CN200971863Y/zh
Application filed by Ma, Lili filed Critical Ma, Lili
Priority to JP2009527678A priority Critical patent/JP5020327B2/ja
Publication of WO2008034331A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008034331A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C21/00—Oscillating-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C21/005—Oscillating-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids the piston oscillating in the space, e.g. around a fixed point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compressor, and more particularly to a spherical compressor and an expansion compressor capable of achieving multi-stage compression.
  • multi-stage compression In many areas of civil, industrial and scientific research, there is a need for compressors that can achieve multi-stage compression.
  • the advantages of multi-stage compression are that it can achieve high pressure ratio, reduce working pressure difference, reduce leakage, increase volumetric efficiency, reduce exhaust temperature, improve lubrication conditions and improve reliability.
  • multi-stage compression In the field of refrigeration, multi-stage compression, in addition to the above advantages, is still more An effective way of cryogenic refrigeration; in a co 2 transcritical cycle, multi-stage compression or multi-stage compression and expansion is the fundamental way to improve its cycle efficiency.
  • the existing reciprocating compressor has the advantages of reliable sealing, but the disadvantages of many gas valves, many parts, large vibration, poor liquid resistance, and high speed variable frequency greatly limit the scope of application, especially in the field of civil refrigeration and air conditioning.
  • the existing rotary compressors (such as rolling piston type, scroll type, sliding vane type, and oscillating rotor type) are characterized by stable operation, low vibration and small volume, but when used in high pressure differential conditions, especially It is used for poor sealing of co 2 cross-critical cycle, resulting in serious leakage, low efficiency and increased energy consumption.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a spherical compressor and an expansion compressor which can realize multi-stage compression or multi-stage compression expansion with a plurality of working chambers in a spherical cylinder based on the technique of Patent No. 03114505.
  • the spherical compressor and the expansion compressor capable of realizing multi-stage compression are connected to form a spherical inner cavity
  • the piston has a spherical top surface
  • a piston shaft protrudes from the center of the spherical top surface
  • a piston pin seat is arranged at a lower portion of the piston
  • the cylinder head is provided with a shaft hole matched with the piston shaft, and the piston is freely rotatable in the shaft hole around the piston shaft, and the spherical top surface of the piston has a phase with the spherical inner cavity
  • the same spherical core forms a sealed dynamic fit
  • the center of the lower end surface of the turntable protrudes from a turntable shaft
  • the outer peripheral surface between the upper and lower end faces of the turntable is a spherical surface of the turntable
  • the spherical surface of the turntable has the same spherical center as the spherical inner cavity and is close to
  • the upper end surface of the turntable, the lower end surface of the piston, the flat end surface of the piston hinge support surface and the inner surface of the spherical inner cavity form a working chamber in which the volume alternates, and the sector bump of the turntable pin seat ring body is
  • the piston pin seat swings in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole, and forms a working chamber with an alternate volume between the side of the fan-shaped protrusion, the side of the fan-shaped cavity and the flat end surface of the piston hinge support;
  • Each chamber has an air passage, the air passage is arranged on the piston and the piston hinge support, and the intake and exhaust passages are arranged on the inner surface of the spherical inner cavity of the cylinder block and the cylinder head, and are arranged in an annular space perpendicular to the axis of the piston. And connecting the outside of the cylinder, the intake and exhaust control is realized by the rotation of the piston, and the air passage on the working chamber is connected with the corresponding intake and exhaust passage when the intake and exhaust passages require exhaust or intake in each working chamber;
  • the steering of the main shaft is viewed from the cylinder head in the direction of the main shaft, and the main shaft rotates clockwise;
  • Permanent magnet materials are respectively arranged on the rotating surfaces of the main shaft and the cylinder body, and the polarities are the same on the opposite surfaces; The same repulsive force pushes the spindle away from a certain angle so that the spindle cannot stop at a specific position during shutdown.
  • the present invention may also have the following structural forms depending on the use situation:
  • a fan-shaped slide is arranged at a lower portion of the toroidal pin seat, and the fan-shaped slide is opened in the axial direction of the torus.
  • the axis of the fan-shaped slide is parallel to the axis of the torus, and the shape and shape of the slider.
  • the shape of the slide is matched, and the upper and lower circular surfaces of the slider are combined with the upper and lower circular surfaces of the slide to form a sealing dynamic fit.
  • the two end faces of the slider are attached to the piston hinge support and fixedly connected by the positioning screws, the piston and the piston
  • a side surface of the slider, a side surface of the slide rail, and a piston hinge support flat end surface form a working chamber whose volume alternates;
  • the lower end surface of the piston and the upper end surface of the turntable are both flat.
  • the upper end surface of the turntable, the lower end surface of the piston, the flat end surface of the piston hinge support and the spherical inner cavity form a working chamber with alternating volume VI.
  • the working chamber V2; the side of the slider, the side of the slide and the flat end of the piston support form a working chamber V3 and a working chamber V4 whose volume is alternately changed;
  • the sector-shaped projection of the toroidal pin seat is at the piston pin half
  • the cylindrical cavity is swung in the fan-shaped cavity, and a working chamber V5 and a working chamber V6 whose volume alternates are formed between the side of the sector-shaped projection, the side of the sector-shaped cavity and the flat end surface of the piston hinge.
  • the second structure has an arc-shaped opening at a lower portion of the toroidal pin seat annular body, the arc-shaped opening is opened in the axial direction of the torus, the axis of the arc-shaped opening is parallel to the axis of the torus, and the support shaft is a cylinder
  • the body can be moved in the arcuate opening, and the two end faces of the support shaft cylinder are attached to the flat end surface supported by the piston hinge and fixedly connected by screws;
  • the lower end surface of the piston and the upper end surface of the turntable are both flat.
  • the upper end surface of the turntable, the lower end surface of the piston, the hinge support of the piston and the spherical surface of the spherical cavity form a working chamber VI which alternates in volume.
  • the V2 of the turntable pin seat is swayed in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, and the volume is alternated between the side of the fan-shaped lug, the side of the fan-shaped cavity and the flat end face of the piston hinge support. Change studio V5 and studio V6.
  • the upper end surface of the turntable is closely attached to the spherical inner cavity to form a convex surface of the turntable, and a concave surface of the turntable is formed between the convex surface and the annular body of the turntable pin, and the corresponding lower end surface of the piston is formed close to the spherical inner cavity.
  • a working chamber VI and a working chamber V2 with alternating volume are formed between the concave surface of the piston, the convex surface of the turntable, the flat end surface of the piston hinge support and the spherical inner cavity, and the convex surface of the piston, the concave surface of the turntable and the hinge of the piston
  • a working chamber V3 and a working chamber V4 with alternating volumes between the flat end faces forming a fan-shaped cavity on the inner circumferential surface of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, correspondingly formed on the outer circumference of the toroidal pin seat ring body a scalloped bump, the scalloped lug of the turntable pin-shaped annular body is formed in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, formed on the side of the scalloped bump, the side of the scalloped cavity and the flat end face of the piston hinge support Studio V5 and studio
  • the upper end surface of the turntable is closely attached to the spherical inner cavity to form a turntable convex surface, and the convex surface and the turntable pin
  • a concave surface of the turntable is formed between the seat ring bodies, and the lower end surface of the piston abuts the spherical inner cavity to form a concave surface of the piston matched with the convex surface of the turntable, and the piston pin seat forms a convex surface of the piston which matches the concave surface of the turntable;
  • the fan-shaped cavity on the piston pin seat can be designed as needed, and the corresponding sector-shaped lugs on the turntable pin seat are also matched; if only a fan-shaped cavity is formed on the piston pin seat, the piston and the turntable are opposite to the center pin.
  • a working chamber V5 and a working chamber V6 having alternate volumes are formed on the side of the sector bump, the side of the sector cavity and the flat end surface of the piston hinge support; if three fan-shaped cavities are formed on the piston pin seat, the piston and When the turntable rotates relative to the center pin, three pairs of working chamber V5, studio V6 and studio V7, studio V8 and the studio are alternately formed on the side of the sector bump, the side of the sector cavity and the flat end face of the piston hinge support.
  • a working chamber VI and a working chamber V2 with alternating volume are formed between the concave surface of the piston, the convex surface of the turntable, the flat end surface of the piston hinge support and the spherical inner cavity, and the convex surface of the piston, the concave surface of the turntable and the hinge of the piston Forming a working chamber V3 and a working chamber V4 with alternating volume between the flat end faces; forming three fan-shaped cavities on the inner circumferential surface of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, corresponding to the outer circumference of the toroidal pin seat ring body Forming three sector-shaped bumps, the sector-shaped lugs of the turntable pin-shaped annular body oscillate in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, and the flat side surface of the fan-shaped cavity and the side of the fan-shaped cavity support the flat end face of the fan-shaped cavity
  • Reliable seal Any dynamic seal that needs to prevent leakage of working fluid can be designed with a face-to-face seal with a considerable width to achieve a reliable sealing effect and a good lubrication surface to reduce leakage of working fluid;
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the first embodiment
  • Figure 2 a cross-sectional view of the casing of the first embodiment
  • Figure 3 Sectional view of E-E in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 F-F section view in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 G-G section view in Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 a front view of the piston in the first embodiment
  • Figure 8 left side view of the piston in the first embodiment shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a front elevational view of the piston hinge support in the first embodiment
  • Figure 10 left side view of the piston hinge support in the first embodiment shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 Main view of the slider
  • Figure 12 Left side view of the slider shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 Front view of the piston and piston hinge support combination in the first embodiment
  • Figure 14 left side view of the piston and piston hinge support combination in the first embodiment shown in Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 front view of the turntable in the first embodiment;
  • Figure 16 The left side view of the turntable in the first embodiment shown in Figure 15;
  • Figure 17 a plan view of the turntable in the first embodiment shown in Figure 15;
  • Figure 18 Main view of the spindle
  • Figure 19 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the second embodiment
  • Figure 20 Front view of the turntable in the second embodiment
  • Figure 21 front view of the piston and piston hinge support combination in the second embodiment
  • Figure 22 left side view of the piston and piston hinge support combination in the second embodiment shown in Figure 21;
  • Figure 23 front view of the support shaft in the second embodiment;
  • Figure 24 left side view of the support shaft in the second embodiment shown in Figure 23;
  • Figure 25 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the third embodiment
  • Figure 26 A cross-sectional view of the HH in Figure 25;
  • Figure 27 A cross-sectional view of the casing of the third embodiment;
  • Figure 28 Front view of the piston in the third embodiment
  • Figure 29 left side view of the piston in the third embodiment shown in Figure 28;
  • Figure 30 a plan view of the piston in the third embodiment shown in Figure 28;
  • Figure 31 a front view of the piston hinge support in the third embodiment
  • Figure 32 left side view of the piston hinge support in the third embodiment shown in Figure 31;
  • Figure 33 Front view of the combination of the piston and the piston hinge support in the third embodiment
  • Figure 34 left side view of the piston and piston hinge support combination in the third embodiment shown in Figure 33;
  • Figure 35 Front view of the turntable in the third embodiment
  • Figure 36 left side view of the turntable in the third embodiment shown in Figure 35;
  • Figure 37 a plan view of the turntable in the third embodiment shown in Figure 35;
  • Figure 38 N-N cross-sectional view in Figure 35;
  • Figure 39 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment.
  • Figure 40 A cross-sectional view of the casing in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 41 K-K cross-sectional view in Figure 40;
  • Figure 42 Front view of the piston in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 43 Front view of the piston hinge support in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 44 A cross-sectional view taken along line L-L in Figure 43;
  • Figure 46 Front view of the turntable in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 47 Front view of the piston and piston hinge support combination in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 48 T-T cross-sectional view in Figure 27.
  • 101-studio VI studio V2 intake and exhaust passage
  • the first embodiment is adopted as the first structural form of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a first embodiment, the compressor including a cylinder head 2, a cylinder 1, a piston 3, a turntable 5, a center pin 4, a main shaft 8, a spindle bracket 7, and the like, a cylinder block 1 and a cylinder head 2
  • the spherical cavity is connected by a connecting screw 9
  • the piston 3 has a spherical top surface, a piston shaft protrudes in the center of the spherical top surface, a piston pin seat is arranged at the lower part of the piston 3, and a piston shaft hole is arranged on the cylinder head 2 corresponding to the piston shaft, and the piston 3
  • the spherical top surface of the piston 3 is freely rotatable, and the spherical top surface of the piston 3 is in contact with the spherical inner cavity; the upper part of the turntable 5 has a turntable pin seat corresponding to the piston pin seat, and the center of the lower end surface of the turntable
  • the rotary shaft, the spherical surface of the turntable 5 is in contact with the spherical inner cavity; the piston hinge support 10 and the piston pin seat are integrally connected by the set screw 12, and combined with the turntable pin seat to form a cylindrical hinge pair, the center pin 4 is inserted into the pin
  • the hole forms a cylindrical hinge with spherical end faces at both ends;
  • the spindle bracket 7 is connected with the cylinder 1 to provide support for the rotation of the main shaft 8, one end of the main shaft 8 is an eccentric crank, and the eccentric crank is located in the cylinder 1
  • the rotary shaft is connected to the spherical bearing 6 and the other end is connected to the power mechanism to provide power for the expansion compressor to change the capacity; the lower end of the piston 3 and the upper end of the turntable 5 are matched in shape, and the piston pin seat is matched with the rotary pin seat.
  • the lower end surface of the piston 3 and the upper end surface of the turntable 5 are both planar.
  • the upper end surface of the turntable 5, the lower end surface of the piston 3, the flat end surface of the piston hinge support 10, and the spherical inner surface A working chamber VI 201 and a working chamber V2 202 with alternating volumes are formed between the cavities; a working chamber V3 203 with alternating volume is formed between the side of the slider 13, the side of the fan-shaped chute and the flat end surface of the piston hinge support 10 Room V4 204; the sector-shaped lug of the turntable pin ring body swings in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, and forms on the side of the sector-shaped lug, the side of the fan-shaped cavity and the flat end face of the piston hinge support 10 Studio V5 205 and V6 206 with alternating volumes.
  • the inlet and exhaust passages of the respective working chambers are respectively disposed on the spherical inner cavity formed by the cylinder block 1 and the cylinder head 2, and the intake and exhaust passages are disposed in the spherical inner cavity of the cylinder block 1 and the cylinder head 2.
  • Figures 3 to 5 are the sectional views of EE, F-F and GG in Fig. 2, respectively.
  • the F-F section is the working chamber VI 201, studio.
  • FIG. 101 Schematic diagram of the intake and exhaust passage 101 of the V2 202
  • the EE section is a schematic structural view of the intake and exhaust passage 103 of the working chamber V5 205 and the laboratory V6 206
  • the G-G section is the working chamber V3 203, the studio V4 204 Schematic diagram of the intake and exhaust passage 102.
  • the piston 3 has a spherical top surface, a piston shaft protrudes in the center of the spherical top surface, and a piston pin seat is formed at a lower portion of the piston 3.
  • the piston pin seat is a semi-cylindrical hole with an opening formed at the lower end surface of the piston, and a semi-cylindrical hole.
  • the top of the inner circumference has a concave fan-shaped cavity along the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical hole, and the fan-shaped cavity penetrates in the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical hole, and is fan-shaped in a section perpendicular to the axis of the semi-cylindrical hole;
  • the axis of the body is perpendicular to the piston axis and passes through the center of the spherical cavity;
  • the end faces of the semi-circular body are planes parallel to each other, and the plane has a threaded hole;
  • the lower end surface of the piston is a plane; as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
  • Figure 7 is a front view of the piston;
  • Figure 8 is a left side view of the piston shown in Figure 7.
  • One end of the piston hinge support 10 is a flat surface, and the other end is a spherical surface, and the spherical surface is matched with the spherical inner cavity spherical surface.
  • the flat end surface and the side shape of the piston hinge support 10 are matched with the two ends of the piston pin seat and the two ends of the turntable pin seat, the spherical surface
  • Fig. 9 is a front view of the piston hinge support;
  • Fig. 10 is a left side view of the piston hinge support shown in Fig. 9.
  • FIG. 13 is a front view of the piston and the piston hinge support combination;
  • FIG. Figure 13 shows a left side view of the piston and piston hinge support combination;
  • Figure 15 is a front view of the turntable
  • Figure 16 is a left side view of the turntable shown in Figure 15
  • Figure 17 is a top view of the turntable shown in Figure 15.
  • the center of the lower end surface of the turntable 5 protrudes downwardly from a turntable shaft, and the upper end is adapted to protrude upwardly from the piston pin seat by a turntable pin seat.
  • the turntable pin seat is a ring body, and the axis of the ring body and the axis of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston are On the same axis, on the outer circumference of the toroidal pin seat ring body, a sector-shaped protrusion is formed outward along the circular ring axis, the sector-shaped protrusion is axially penetrated in the turntable pin seat, and is fan-shaped on the circumferential surface, and the piston pin seat is fan-shaped.
  • the cavity is matched and the fan-shaped center is the same; the outer circle of the toroidal pin seat ring body is matched with the inner circle of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat to form a sealed dynamic fit; the inner circle of the turntable pin seat ring body is matched with the center pin 4 to achieve a seal With the dynamic cooperation, the turntable spherical surface and the spherical cavity are attached to have the same spherical center; the upper end surface of the turntable 5 is a plane, and the lower shape of the piston 3 is matched with the upper shape of the turntable 5; There is a fan-shaped slideway, the fan-shaped slideway is opened in the axial direction of the torus, the axis of the fan-shaped slide is parallel to the axis of the torus, and the shape of the slider 13 is adapted to the shape of the fan-shaped slide, on the slider 13
  • the circular arc surface is combined with the upper and lower circular arc surfaces of the slide rail to form a sealing
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the slider structure
  • FIG. 11 is a slider.
  • Main view, Fig. 12 is a left side view of the slider shown in Fig. 11, the slider 13 has a fan-shaped cross section, and has screw holes on both end planes.
  • the piston hinge support 10 is matched with the shape of both ends of the piston pin seat and the rotary pin seat, and the shape of the end faces of the center pin 4 is matched with the inner surface of the spherical inner cavity; the end faces of the cylindrical hinge which are in contact with the spherical inner cavity and the spherical shape
  • the inner cavity is a sealing dynamic fit, and a sealing dynamic fit is formed between the piston hinge support 10 and the turntable pin seat;
  • Each studio has an air passage, and the air passage is disposed on the piston 3 and the piston hinge support 10. As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 13, and Fig. 14, the air passages of the studio VI 201 and the studio V2 202 are A gas.
  • Lane 301 A air passage 301 is disposed on the spherical outer surface of the piston, air passages of the studio V3 203 and the working chamber V4 204 are B air passages 302, and the B air passage 302 is disposed on the piston hinge support 10, the studio V5 205 and The air passage of the studio V6 206 is a C air passage 303, and the C air passage 303 is provided on the piston 3.
  • Studio VI 201 studio V2 202 as the first level of compression
  • studio V3 203 studio V4 204 as the second level of compression
  • studio V5 205 studio V6 206 as the first level of expansion
  • the second embodiment is adopted as the second structural form of the present invention.
  • the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that in the second embodiment, there is no fan-shaped slide at the lower portion of the turntable pin body, and no slider structure is formed, not by the slider and the fan-shaped slide. It constitutes a working chamber, but is a guiding mechanism composed of an arcuate opening supporting the shaft and the lower portion of the turntable ring body.
  • the connection form of the other parts and the parts is the same as that of the first embodiment, in order to be the first In the embodiment, the part name is distinguished.
  • the cylinder head, the cylinder block and the turntable are respectively the cylinder head II, the cylinder block II and the turntable II.
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a second embodiment, the compressor including a cylinder head 11 15 , a cylinder 11 14 , a piston 3 , a turntable 1116 , a center pin 4 , a main shaft 8 , a spindle bracket 7 , and the like, a cylinder block 14 and
  • the cylinder head II 15 is connected by a connecting screw 9 to form a spherical inner cavity.
  • the piston 3 has a spherical top surface, a piston shaft protrudes in the center of the spherical top surface, a piston pin seat is arranged in the lower part of the piston 3, and a piston is arranged on the cylinder head II 15 corresponding to the piston shaft.
  • the shaft hole, the piston 3 is inserted into the piston shaft hole to be freely rotatable, and the spherical top surface of the piston 3 is fitted to the spherical inner cavity;
  • the upper part of the turntable II 16 has a turntable pin seat corresponding to the piston pin seat, and the turntable 11 16 A central axis of the lower end surface protrudes downwardly, and a spherical surface of the turntable II 16 is in contact with the spherical inner cavity;
  • the piston hinge support 10 and the piston pin seat are integrally connected by a set screw 12, and are combined with the turntable pin seat to form a cylindrical surface.
  • the center pin 4 is inserted into the pin hole to form a cylindrical hinge having spherical end faces at both ends; the spindle bracket 7 and the cylinder 11 14 are connected by a connecting screw 9 to provide support for the rotation of the spindle 8, and one end of the spindle 8 is an eccentric crank.
  • the eccentric crank is located in the cylinder 1114 and is connected to the turntable shaft through the spherical bearing 6, and the other end is connected to the power mechanism to provide power for the expansion compressor to change the capacity; the lower end of the piston 3 and the upper end of the turntable II 16 are matched, the piston pin seat and the turntable pin
  • the piston 3 swings relative to the turntable 11 16 , and the cylindrical hinge end faces, the turntable spherical surface, and the spherical spherical top surface respectively form a sealing dynamic fit with the spherical inner cavity, and the piston 3 and the turntable II 16 pass through the cylindrical surface.
  • the hinge connection forms a sealed dynamic fit.
  • the lower end surface of the piston 3 and the upper end surface of the turntable II 16 are both planar.
  • the piston 3 and the turntable II 16 are relatively swung around the center pin 4, the upper end surface of the turntable II 16 , the lower end surface of the piston 3 , and the flat end surface of the piston hinge support 10
  • the sector-shaped lugs of the turntable pin seat ring are swung in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, in the sector convex
  • a pair of working chambers V5 205 and a working chamber V6 206 with alternating volumes are formed between the sides of the block, the sides of the sectored cavity and the flat end faces of the piston hinge support.
  • the inlet and exhaust passages of the respective working chambers are respectively disposed on the spherical inner cavity formed by the cylinder block 14 and the cylinder head II 15, and the intake and exhaust passages are provided on the inner surface of the spherical inner cavity of the cylinder block 14 and the cylinder head II 15 Arranging in an annular space perpendicular to the axis of the piston and communicating with the outside of the cylinder, the position of the intake and exhaust passage 101 of the working chamber VI 201, the working chamber V2 202, the working chamber V5 205, and the working chamber V6 206 can be Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • the F-F section is a schematic structural view of the intake and exhaust passage 101 of the working chamber VI 201 and the working chamber V2 202
  • the E-E section is the working of the working chamber V5 205 and the working chamber V6 206.
  • FIG. 7 The structure of the piston in the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. Referring to Figures 7, 8, and 7, the front view of the piston; Figure 8 is a left side view of the piston shown in Figure 7.
  • Fig. 9 is a left side view of the piston hinge support shown in Fig. 9.
  • FIG. 21 is a front view of the piston and the piston hinge support;
  • FIG. 22 is a view of FIG. The left side view of the piston and piston hinge support.
  • the structure of the turntable II 16 is the same as that of the turntable 5 in the first embodiment, except that the lower portion of the turntable pin seat is not a fan-shaped slide but an arc-shaped opening, and its structure is the same as that of the turntable 5; the center of the lower end face of the turntable ⁇ 16 A turntable shaft is protruded downward, and the upper end is adapted to protrude upwardly from the piston pin seat by a turntable pin seat.
  • the turntable pin seat is a ring body, and the axis of the ring body is the same axis as the axis of the piston semi-cylindrical hole, and the turntable pin
  • a fan-shaped protrusion is formed on the outer circumference of the annular body along the circular axis, the sector-shaped protrusion is axially penetrated in the turntable pin seat, and is fan-shaped on the circumferential surface, and matches the piston pin seat fan-shaped cavity and the fan-shaped center
  • the outer circumference of the toroidal pin seat ring body matches the inner circle of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat to form a sealed dynamic fit; the inner circle of the turntable pin seat ring body is matched with the center pin 4 to achieve a sealed dynamic fit, the turntable spherical surface and The spherical cavities are attached and have the same spherical center; the upper end surface of the turntable ⁇ 16 is a plane, and the lower shape of the piston 3 is adapted
  • FIG. 20 is a front view of the turntable, the upper and lower arcs of the curved opening for Concentric arc, semi-circular on both sides, the arc-shaped opening is opened along the axial direction of the turntable of the turntable II 16;
  • the support shaft 17 is a cylinder, the two ends of the cylinder have a threaded hole, and the support shaft 17 can be Moving in the arcuate opening, the end faces of the cylinder of the support shaft 17 are attached to the flat end faces of the piston hinge support 10 and fixed by screws; when the piston 3 is swung about the center pin 4 relative to the turntable II 16, the support shaft 17 moves in the arcuate opening
  • Figure 23 is a front view of the support shaft
  • Figure 24 is a left side view of the support shaft shown in Figure 23.
  • Each studio has an air passage, and the air passage is disposed on the piston 3.
  • the air passages of the working chamber VI 201 and the working chamber V2 202 are the A air passage 301, and the air passage 301 is set.
  • the air passages of the working chambers V5 205 and V6 206 are C air passages 303, and the C air passages 303 are provided on the piston 3.
  • the studio VI 201 and the studio V2 202 are used as the first stage compression, and the studio V5 205 and the studio V6 206 are used as the first stage expansion, that is, they can be used as the first stage compression primary expansion sphere suitable for the C0 2 cycle.
  • Expansion compressor If the working chamber V5 205 and the studio V6 206 are compressed as the second stage, it can be used as a spherical compressor with a secondary compression function.
  • the third embodiment is adopted as the third structural form of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a third embodiment
  • Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH of Figure 25.
  • the compressor includes a cylinder head 11119, a cylinder block 11118, a piston 11120, a turntable 11121, a center pin 4, a main shaft 8, and a spindle holder 7.
  • the cylinder block III 18 and the cylinder head ⁇ 19 are connected by a connecting screw 9 to form a spherical inner cavity.
  • the piston cymbal 20 has a spherical top surface, a piston shaft protrudes from the center of the spherical top surface, and a piston pin seat is disposed at the lower portion of the piston cymbal 20, and the cylinder head ⁇ 19
  • the piston shaft there is a piston shaft hole, the piston cymbal 20 is inserted into the piston shaft hole to be freely rotatable, and the spherical top surface of the piston cymbal 20 is fitted to the spherical inner cavity;
  • the upper part of the rotary disk cymbal 21 corresponds to the piston pin seat and has a rotary pin seat, the turntable A center of the lower end surface of the cymbal 21 protrudes downwardly from a rotating shaft, and a spherical surface of the rotary cymbal 21 is fitted to the spherical inner cavity;
  • the piston hinge supporting cymbal 22 and the piston pin seat are integrally connected by a set screw
  • the center pin 4 is inserted into the pin hole to form a cylindrical hinge having spherical end faces at both ends; the spindle bracket 7 is connected to the cylinder block 18
  • the screws 9 are connected to provide support for the rotation of the main shaft 8.
  • One end of the main shaft 8 is an eccentric crank.
  • the eccentric crank is located in the cylinder block III18 and is connected to the turntable shaft through the spherical bearing 6, and the other end is connected with the power mechanism to provide power for expanding the expansion compressor.
  • the lower end of the piston cymbal 20 is matched with the upper end of the turntable ⁇ 21, and the piston pin seat is matched with the turntable pin seat.
  • the piston cymbal 20 swings relative to the turntable cymbal 21, and the cylindrical hinge end faces, the turntable spherical surface, and the spherical spherical top surface respectively and the spherical shape
  • the inner cavity forms a sealing dynamic fit
  • the piston III20 and the turntable turn 21 are connected by a cylindrical hinge to form a sealed dynamic fit
  • a working chamber VI 201 and a working chamber V2 202 having alternating volumes are formed between the concave surface of the piston, the convex surface of the turntable, the flat end surface of the piston hinge support 22, and the spherical inner cavity.
  • the convex surface, the concave surface of the turntable and the piston hinge support the working chamber V3 203 and the working chamber V4 204 with alternating volume between the flat end faces; a fan-shaped cavity is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, corresponding to the turntable pin A scalloped bump is formed on the outer circumference of the circular ring body, and the scalloped convex portion of the circular pin body of the turntable pin swings in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, on the side of the scalloped convex block, and the fan-shaped cavity A pair of working chambers V5 and a working chamber V6 whose volume alternates are formed between the side surface and the piston hinge supporting flat end surface.
  • each of the working chambers is formed on the spherical inner cavity formed by the cylinder block 18 and the cylinder head ⁇ 19.
  • the exhaust passage, the intake and exhaust passages are provided on the inner surfaces of the spherical inner chambers of the cylinder block 18 and the cylinder head bore 19, and are arranged in an annular space perpendicular to the axis of the piston and communicated with the outside of the cylinder.
  • FIG. 27 is a sectional view of EE and F-F.
  • FIG. 1 The same as the EE, F-F cross-sectional view in Figure 2, can refer to Figure 3, Figure 4; Figure 27 T-T cross-sectional view see Figure 48; FF profile for the studio VI 201, studio V2 202 intake and exhaust channels
  • Schematic diagram of 101, F-F section is the structural schematic diagram of the intake and exhaust passage 101 of the working chamber VI 201, the studio V2 202, and the T-T section is the inlet and exhaust passage 102 of the working chamber V3 203 and the studio V4 204.
  • Schematic diagram of the structure; E-E section is a schematic structural view of the intake and exhaust passage 103 of the working chamber V5 205 and the studio V6 206.
  • the piston cymbal 20 has a spherical top surface, a piston shaft protrudes in the center of the spherical top surface, and a piston pin seat is formed at a lower portion of the piston cymbal 20, and the piston pin seat is a semi-cylindrical hole having an opening downward formed at the lower end surface of the piston, in the semi-cylindrical hole
  • the top of the inner circumference has a concave fan-shaped cavity along the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical hole, and the fan-shaped cavity penetrates in the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical hole, and is fan-shaped in a section perpendicular to the axis of the semi-cylindrical hole; the semi-cylindrical hole
  • the axis of the axis is perpendicular to the axis of the piston and passes through the center of the spherical cavity; the end faces of the semi-cylindrical hole are planes parallel to
  • FIG. 28 - Figure 30 is a front view of the piston;
  • Figure 29 is a left side view of the piston shown in Figure 28;
  • Figure 30 is Figure 28 The top view of the piston shown.
  • One end of the piston hinge support ⁇ 22 is a flat surface, and the other end is a spherical surface, and the spherical surface is matched with the spherical inner cavity spherical surface.
  • the flat end surface and the side shape of the piston hinge support ⁇ 22 are matched with the two ends of the piston pin seat and the two ends of the turntable pin seat, the spherical surface
  • FIG. 33 is a front view of the piston and the piston hinge support combination;
  • FIG. Figure 33 shows a left side view of the piston and piston hinge support combination;
  • the center of the lower end surface of the turntable III21 protrudes downwardly from a turntable shaft, and the upper end is adapted to protrude upwardly from the piston pin seat by a turntable pin seat.
  • the turntable pin seat is a ring body, and the axis of the ring body and the axis of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston are On the same axis, a sector-shaped protrusion is formed on the outer circumference of the toroidal pin seat annular body along the annular axis, the sector-shaped protrusion is axially penetrated in the turntable pin seat, and is fan-shaped on the circumferential surface, and the piston pin seat is fan-shaped.
  • FIG. 35 is a front view of the turntable, and FIG. 36 is a turntable left as shown in FIG. Figure 37 is a plan view of the turntable shown in Figure 35, and Figure 38 is a cross-sectional view of the NN in Figure 35.
  • the piston hinge support ⁇ 22 is adapted to the shape of both ends of the piston pin seat and the turntable pin seat, and the two ends of the center pin 4 are shaped The shape is matched with the inner surface of the spherical inner cavity; the end faces of the cylindrical hinge which are in contact with the spherical inner cavity are in a sealed dynamic fit with the spherical inner cavity, and the piston hinge support brace 22 forms a sealing dynamic fit with the turntable pin seat;
  • Each studio has an air passage, and the air passage is disposed on the piston III20 and the piston hinge support 22.
  • the air passages of the studio VI 201 and the studio V2 202 are the A air passage 301.
  • a air passage 301 is disposed on the spherical outer surface of the piston;
  • the air passages of the studio V3 203 and the working chamber V4 204 are the air passage 302, and the air passage 302 of the B is disposed on the piston hinge support 22;
  • the studios V5 205 and V6 206 The air passage is a C air passage 303, and the C air passage 303 is provided on the piston 3.
  • Studio VI 201 studio V2 202 as the first level of compression
  • studio V3 203 studio V4 204 as the second level of compression
  • studio V5 205 studio V6 206 as the first level of expansion
  • the fourth embodiment is adopted as the fourth structural form of the present invention.
  • the fourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that, in the fourth embodiment, three sector-shaped cavities are formed on the inner circumference of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, correspondingly on the outer circumference of the turntable pin seat ring Forming three sector-shaped bumps, adding a D air passage to the piston hinge support, and adding a corresponding intake and exhaust passage to the cylinder; in the fourth embodiment, except for the cylinder head, the cylinder block, the piston, the turntable, and the piston hinge
  • the support and the structure of the third embodiment are slightly changed, and the connection forms of the other parts and the parts are the same as those of the third embodiment.
  • the fourth embodiment is called a cylinder.
  • the cover, the cylinder block, the piston, the turntable and the piston hinge support are respectively the cylinder head IV, the cylinder block IV, the turntable IV, and the piston hinge support IV.
  • Figure 39 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment, the compressor including the cylinder head IV24, the cylinder IV23, the piston IV25, the turntable IV26, the center pin 4, the main shaft 8, the spindle bracket 7 and the like, the cylinder IV23 and the cylinder head IV24
  • the spherical inner cavity is connected by the connecting screw 9.
  • the piston IV25 has a spherical top surface, a piston shaft protrudes in the center of the spherical top surface, a piston pin seat is arranged in the lower part of the piston IV, and a piston shaft hole is arranged on the cylinder head IV24 corresponding to the piston shaft, and the piston IV25
  • the spherical top surface of the piston IV25 is freely rotatable, and the spherical top surface of the piston IV25 is fitted to the spherical inner cavity; the upper part of the rotary disk IV26 has a turntable pin seat corresponding to the piston pin seat, and the lower end surface of the turntable IV26 protrudes downward.
  • the rotary shaft, the spherical surface of the turntable IV26 is fitted to the spherical inner cavity; the piston hinge support IV27 and the piston pin seat are integrally connected by the set screw 12, and combined with the turntable pin seat to form a cylindrical hinge pair, the center pin 4 is inserted into the pin
  • the hole forms a cylindrical hinge with spherical end faces at both ends;
  • the spindle bracket 7 is connected to the cylinder IV23 to provide support for the rotation of the main shaft 8, one end of the main shaft 8 is an eccentric crank, and an eccentric crank
  • the cylinder body IV23 is connected to the turntable shaft through the spherical bearing 6, and the other end is connected to the power mechanism to provide power for the expansion compressor to change the capacity; the lower end of the piston IV25 is matched with the upper end of the turntable IV26, and the piston pin seat is matched with the turntable pin seat.
  • a working chamber VI 201 and a working chamber V2 202 having an alternate volume are formed between the concave surface of the piston, the convex surface of the turntable, the flat end surface of the piston hinge support IV27 and the spherical inner cavity, in the piston
  • the convex surface, the concave surface of the turntable and the piston hinge support the working chamber V3 203 and the working chamber V4 204 with alternating volume between the flat end faces;
  • three fan-shaped cavities are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, corresponding to the turntable
  • Three scallops are formed on the outer circumference of the pin body, and the scallops of the slewing ring body oscillate in the fan-shaped cavity of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat, on the side of the scallop, the fan-shaped space
  • the inlet and exhaust passages of the respective working chambers are respectively disposed on the spherical inner cavity formed by the cylinder block IV23 and the cylinder head IV24, and the intake and exhaust passages are disposed in the spherical inner cavity of the cylinder block IV23 and the cylinder head IV24. On the surface, it is arranged in an annular space perpendicular to the axis of the piston and communicates with the outside of the cylinder.
  • the cross-sectional views of EE and FF in FIG. 40 are the same as the cross-sectional views of E-E and FF in FIG. 2, and can be referred to FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view taken along line KK in FIG. 40; and the FF cross-section is a schematic view of the structure of the intake and exhaust passage 101 of the working chamber VI 201 and the laboratory V2 202.
  • the TT section is a schematic structural view of the intake and exhaust passage 102 of the working chamber V3 203 and the working chamber V4 204;
  • the EE section is a schematic structural view of the intake and exhaust passage 103 of the working chamber V5 205 and the working chamber V6 206;
  • the K-K section is Schematic diagram of the inlet and exhaust passages 104 of the two pairs of volumes of the working chamber V7 207, the studio V8 208 and the working chamber V9 209, and the studio V10 210.
  • the piston IV25 has a spherical top surface, a piston shaft projects upward in the center of the spherical top surface, and a piston pin seat on the lower portion of the piston IV25.
  • the piston pin seat is a semi-cylindrical hole with an opening formed at the lower end surface of the piston, in the semi-cylindrical
  • the inner circumference of the hole has three concave fan-shaped cavities along the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical hole, each of the fan-shaped cavities penetrates in the axial direction of the semi-cylindrical hole, and is fan-shaped in a section perpendicular to the axis of the semi-cylindrical hole;
  • the axis of the torus is perpendicular to the axis of the piston and passes through the center of the spherical cavity;
  • the end faces of the semi-cylindrical hole are planes parallel to each other, and the hole is in the plane;
  • the piston hinge support IV27 has a flat surface at one end and a spherical surface at the other end.
  • the spherical surface matches the spherical inner spherical surface.
  • the flat end surface and the side shape of the piston hinge support IV27 match the two ends of the piston pin seat and the two ends of the turntable pin seat.
  • the center has a cylindrical pin hole, and the size of the cylindrical pin hole matches the center pin 4; as shown in Fig. 43-45, Fig. 43 is a front view of the piston hinge support; Fig. 44 is a LL sectional view of Fig. 43; Fig. 45 is Fig. Medium PP profile.
  • FIG. 47 is a front view of the piston and the piston hinge support combination;
  • the center of the lower end surface of the turntable IV26 protrudes downwardly from a turntable shaft, and the upper end is adapted to protrude upwardly from the piston pin seat by a turntable pin seat.
  • the turntable pin seat is a ring body, and the axis of the ring body and the axis of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston are On the same axis, three sector-shaped protrusions are formed outwardly along the annular axis on the outer circumference of the toroidal pin seat ring body, and the fan-shaped protrusions are axially penetrated in the turntable pin seat, and are fan-shaped on the circumferential surface, and the piston pin
  • the fan-shaped cavity is matched and the fan-shaped center is the same;
  • the outer circle of the turntable pin-shaped annular body matches the inner circle of the semi-cylindrical hole of the piston pin seat to form a sealed dynamic fit;
  • the inner circle of the turntable pin seat ring body matches the center pin 4
  • the turntable spherical surface is attached to the spherical cavity and has the same center of the ball;
  • the lower shape of the piston IV25 is adapted to the upper shape of the turntable
  • the piston hinge support IV27 is adapted to the shape of both ends of the piston pin seat and the rotary pin seat, and the shape of the end faces of the center pin 4 is matched with the inner surface of the spherical inner cavity; the end faces of the cylindrical hinge and the spherical inner cavity are spherical and spherical.
  • the inner cavity is a sealed dynamic fit, and the piston hinge supports the sealing joint between the IV27 and the turntable pin seat;
  • Each studio has an air passage that is placed on the piston IV25 and the piston hinge support IV27.
  • the air passages of the studio VI 201 and the working chamber V2 202 are the A air passage 301, and the air passage 301 is disposed on the spherical outer surface of the piston, the specific position of which is the same as that shown in FIG. 34; the studio V3 203 and the working chamber V4 204
  • the air passage is B air passage 302, and B air passage 302 is disposed on piston hinge support IV27, and its specific position is the same as that shown in Fig. 34;
  • the air passages of studios V5 205 and V6 206 are C air passage 303, C air passage 303 It is set on the piston IV25, and its specific position is the same as that shown in Fig.
  • the air passages of the two pairs of working chambers of the working chamber V7 207 and the working chamber V8 208, the studio V9 209 and the working studio V10 210 are D air passages 304, D gas.
  • the track 304 is disposed on the piston hinge support IV27 as shown in Figs. 43, 44, and 45.
  • Studio VI 201 studio V2 202 as first stage compression
  • studio V3 203 studio V4 204 as second stage compression
  • studio V7 207 and studio V8 208 studio V9 209 and studio V10 210
  • Two pairs of four studios work together as the third level of compression
  • studio V5 205, studio V6 206 as the first stage of expansion that is, can be used as a three-stage compression primary expansion spherical expansion compression for C0 2 cycle If the studio V5 205 and the studio V6 206 are also compressed, they can be used as a compressor with a four-stage compression function.
  • studio VI 201 and studio V2 202 can be used as the first level of compression
  • studio V3 203 and work V4 204 as the second level of compression
  • studio V5 205 and studio V6 206 as the first level of expansion
  • studio V7 207 and studio V8 208, studio V9 209 and studio V10 210 are used as the second stage expansion, that is, they can be used as spherical expansion compressors for secondary compression secondary expansion of C0 2 cycle;
  • the advantage of grade expansion is that it can reduce the pressure difference in the working chamber, reduce leakage and improve efficiency.
  • Studio VI 201, studio V3 203, studio V5 205, studio V7 207, studio V9 209 are in the maximum limit volume state in the structural cross-sectional views of the embodiments, studio V2 202, studio V4 204, The studio V6 206, the studio V8 208, and the studio V10 210 are in a minimum limit volume state in the cross-sectional views of the respective embodiments;
  • Second, the intake and exhaust control is realized by the rotation of the piston.
  • the principle of the air inlet and the intake and exhaust passage is that the air passage and the corresponding air passage in the working chamber are required to be exhausted or inflated in each working chamber.
  • the intake and exhaust passages are connected.
  • the piston shaft and the rotary shaft and the axis of the main shaft 8 pass through the center of the spherical cavity, and the axes of the piston shaft and the rotary shaft form the same angle ⁇ with the axis of the main shaft 8;
  • the profile is placed on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the piston through the center of the spherical cavity for easy processing and assembly;
  • the steering of the main shaft 8 is viewed from the cylinder head along the direction of the main shaft 8, and the main shaft 8 is rotated clockwise;
  • the order of installation of the cylindrical hinge is to first connect the piston pin seat and the turntable pin seat with the center pin 4, and then connect the piston hinge support at both ends of the piston pin seat with the set screw 12;
  • FIG. 6 is a structural sectional view of the first embodiment.
  • the cam structure parking limit device In order to prevent the permanent magnet material from being used in the stop position of the mechanism, other common structural devices, such as the cam structure parking limit device, can be used in practice; whether it is a permanent magnet material limit device or a cam structure limit device, it can be arranged in the cylinder. Spaces other than the body, such as permanent magnet material limit devices, can be installed between the rotor and the stator of the motor.
  • the circulation of the lubricating oil passage may be introduced from the main shaft, from the piston shaft, or from the piston shaft, and from the main shaft end.

Description

能实现多级压缩的球形压縮机和膨胀压缩机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种压缩机， 特别是涉及一种能实现多级压缩的球形压缩机和膨胀压缩 机。
背景技术
在民用、 工业和科学研究的许多领域， 都需要能实现多级压缩的压缩机。 多级压缩的 优点是可以实现高压比、 降低工作压差、 减少泄漏、 提高容积效率、 降低排温、 改善润滑 条件和提高可靠性； 在制冷领域， 多级压缩除以上优点外， 还是实现更低温制冷的有效方 式； 在 co2跨临界循环中， 多级压缩或多级压缩、 膨胀是提高其循环效率的根本途径。
现有的往复式压缩机具有密封可靠的优点， 但其气阀多、 零件多、 震动大、 抗液击性 能差、 高速变频性差的缺点大大限制了其适用范围， 尤其在民用制冷空调领域。 现有的回 转式压缩机（如滚动活塞式、 涡旋式、 滑片式、 摆动转子式） 的结构特点是运转平稳、 震 动小、 体积小， 但在用于高压差工况时， 尤其是用于 co2跨临界循环时其密封性差， 导致 泄漏严重， 效率低、 能耗增加。
另外， 无论是往复式、 滚动活塞式、 涡旋式还是摆动转子式压缩机， 在实现多级压缩 和多级膨胀时都需要采用多个工作缸来实现， 这样会使气阀、 运动件的数量增加几倍， 导 致可靠性和效率下降， 噪音、 振动、 成本和占用空间增加。
本人已获授权的中国发明专利， 专利名称为 《一种用于压缩机的变容式机构》， 专利 号： ZL03114505. 1 , 该专利提出了一种新型的容积式压缩机机构， 这种压缩机运动件少、 无气阔、 振动小， 密封可靠等， 其具有交替变化的两个工作室， 可实现一级压缩， 但其结 构尚不能实现多级压缩或多级压縮、 膨胀。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是在专利 03114505. 1 的技术基础上， 幵发一种在一个球形缸内具有 多个工作室的可实现多级压缩或多级压缩膨胀的球形压缩机和膨胀压缩机。
能实现多级压缩的球形压缩机和膨胀压缩机， 缸体和缸盖相连形成一个球形内腔， 活 塞具有球形顶面、 从球形顶面中央伸出一活塞轴、 活塞下部有一活塞销座； 缸盖上设有与 活塞轴相配的轴孔， 活塞可绕活塞轴在轴孔中自由转动， 活塞球形顶面与球形内腔具有相 同的球心并形成密封动配合； 转盘的下端面中心伸出一转盘轴， 转盘上部和下端面之间的 外周面为转盘球面， 转盘球面与球形内腔具有相同的球心并紧贴球形内腔形成密封动配 合； 在转盘上部与活塞销座相对应有一转盘销座； 中心销插入活塞销座和转盘销座， 主轴 支架与缸体相连， 为主轴的旋转提供支撑， 该主轴用于驱动所述活塞与所述转盘的相对摆 动；主轴的一端为偏心曲柄，偏心曲柄位于缸体内与转盘轴相连，另一端与动力机构相连， 为压缩机变容提供动力； 上述活塞轴和转盘轴及主轴的轴线都通过球形内腔的球心， 并且 活塞轴和转盘轴的轴线与主轴的轴线形成相同的夹角 α； 其特征是- 所述活塞销座为一在活塞下端面形成的向内凹陷的半圆柱孔，在半圆柱孔的内圆周上 沿半圆柱孔的轴线方向有凹入的扇形空腔， 该扇形空腔沿半圆柱孔的轴向贯通， 在与半圆 柱孔轴线垂直的截面上呈扇形； 所述转盘销座为一在转盘的上部突起的圆环体， 圆环体的 轴线与上述活塞半圆柱孔的轴线为同一轴线，该轴线与转盘轴和活塞轴垂直且通过球形内 腔的球心； 在转盘销座圆环体的外圆周上沿圆环体的轴线方向有凸起的扇形凸块， 该扇形 凸块沿圆环体轴向贯通， 在圆环面上呈扇形， 与活塞销座扇形空腔相配且扇形圆心相同； 转盘销座圆环体的外圆与活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆相配， 形成密封动配合； 活塞铰链支撑 的一端为平面， 另一端为球面， 球面与所述球形内腔球面相配， 活塞铰链支撑的平端面及 侧面形状与活塞销座两端和转盘销座两端结构相配，活塞铰链支撑固定在活塞销座的半圆 柱孔的两端， 在活塞销座和转盘销座的两外端形成与球形内腔相配的球面， 活塞铰链支撑 上有与活塞销座半圆柱孔同轴线的销孔， 销孔直径与中心销直径相配， 中心销的两端面形 状与球形内腔内表面相配， 中心销插入活塞铰链支撑和转盘销座圆环体的内孔中， 使活塞 和转盘形成柱面铰链连接； 中心销、 转盘销座和活塞铰链支撑之间为密封动配合， 柱面铰 链与球形内腔相接触的两端面与球形内腔为密封动配合；转盘的上端面的形状与活塞的下 端面的形状相适配；
活塞和转盘绕中心销相对摆动时， 转盘上端面、 活塞下端面、 活塞铰链支撑平端面与 球形内腔内表面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室,转盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座 半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中摆动， 在扇形凸块的侧面、扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面 间形成容积交替变化的工作室；
每个工作室都开有一气道， 气道设置在活塞和活塞铰链支撑上， 进排气通道设在缸体 和缸盖的球形内腔内表面上， 布置在垂直于活塞轴线的环形空间内并连通缸外， 通过活塞 的转动来实现进排气控制， 进排气通道在各工作室需要排气或进气时， 该工作室上的气道 与相应的进排气通道连通；
主轴的转向为从缸盖沿主轴方向看， 主轴作顺时针转动；
在主轴与缸体相接触的转动面上分别设置永磁材料， 在相对的面上极性相同； 利用极 性相同的排斥力， 将主轴推开一定角度， 使停机时主轴不能停在特定的位置。
根据使用情况的不同， 本发明还可以有以下几种结构形式：
第一种结构，在转盘销座圆环体的下部有一扇形滑道，扇形滑道在圆环体的轴向开通, 扇形滑道的轴线与圆环体的轴线平行， 滑块的形状与扇形滑道的形状相适配， 滑块的上下 圆弧面与滑道的上下圆弧面相贴合并形成密封动配合，滑块的两端面与活塞铰链支撑相贴 合并通过定位螺钉固定连接， 活塞与转盘相对摆动时， 滑块的侧面、 滑道的侧面及活塞铰 链支撑平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室；
活塞的下端面和转盘的上端面均为平面， 活塞和转盘绕中心销相对摆动时， 转盘上端 面、 活塞下端面、 活塞铰链支撑平端面与球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和 工作室 V2; 滑块的侧面、 滑道的侧面及活塞铰链支撑平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工 作室 V3和工作室 V4;转盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中摆动， 在扇形凸块的侧面、扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V5和工作室 V6。
第二种结构，在转盘销座圆环体的下部有一弧形开口，弧形幵口在圆环体的轴向开通， 弧形开口的轴线与圆环体的轴线平行， 支撑轴是一圆柱体， 可在弧形开口中移动， 支撑轴 圆柱的两端面与活塞铰链支撑的平端面相贴并通过螺钉固定连接；
活塞的下端面和转盘的上端面均为平面， 活塞和转盘绕中心销相对摆动时， 转盘上端 面、 活塞下端面、 活塞铰链支撑与球形内腔球面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和工 作室 V2; 转盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中摆动， 在扇形凸 块的侧面、 扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V5和工 作室 V6。
第三种结构， 在转盘上端面紧贴球形内腔向上凸起形成一转盘凸面， 在凸面和转盘销 座圆环体之间形成一转盘凹面，相应的在活塞下端面紧贴球形内腔形成一与转盘凸面相配 的活塞凹面， 活塞销座向下形成与转盘凹面相配的活塞凸面；
活塞和转盘绕中心销相对摆动时， 在活塞凹面、 转盘凸面、 活塞铰链支撑平端面和球 形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和工作室 V2， 在活塞凸面、 转盘凹面和活塞铰 链支撑平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3和工作室 V4; 在活塞销座半圆柱孔的内 圆周面上形成一个扇形空腔， 相对应在转盘销座圆环体的外圆周上形成一个扇形凸块， 转 盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中摆动时， 在扇形凸块的侧面、 扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V5和工作室 V6。
第四种结构， 在转盘上端面紧贴球形内腔向上凸起形成一转盘凸面， 在凸面和转盘销 座圆环体之间形成一转盘凹面，相应的在活塞下端面紧贴球形内腔形成一与转盘凸面相配 的活塞凹面， 活塞销座向下形成与转盘凹面相配的活塞凸面；
活塞销座上的扇形空腔可以根据需要设计出多个，相应的转盘销座上的扇形凸块也与 之相配； 如果活塞销座上只形成一个扇形空腔， 活塞和转盘绕中心销相对摆动时， 在扇形 凸块的侧面、 扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V5和 工作室 V6; 如果在活塞销座上形成三个扇形空腔， 活塞和转盘绕中心销相对摆动时， 在 扇形凸块的侧面、扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成三对容积交替变化的工作 室 V5、 工作室 V6和工作室 V7、 工作室 V8和工作室 V9、 工作室 V10;
活塞和转盘绕中心销相对摆动时， 在活塞凹面、 转盘凸面、 活塞铰链支撑平端面和球 形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和工作室 V2， 在活塞凸面、 转盘凹面和活塞铰 链支撑平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3和工作室 V4; 在活塞销座半圆柱孔的内 圆周面上形成三个扇形空腔， 相对应在转盘销座圆环体的外圆周上形成三个扇形凸块， 转 盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中摆动时， 在扇形凸块的侧面、 扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成三对容积交替变化的工作室 V5、工作室 V6 和工作室 V7、 工作室 V8和工作室 V9、 工作室 V10。
选择一对容积作压縮还是做膨胀是可以变动的， 只要配合相应的气口设计就可以实 现。
本发明的优点：
( 1 ) 密封可靠： 任何需要防止工质泄漏的动密封处， 都能设计成具有相当宽度的面 配合动密封， 使其达到可靠的密封效果， 并成为良好的润滑面， 减少工质泄漏；
(2)无进排气阀： 各级压缩、 膨胀过程均不需要设置进排气闽， 减少能耗减低噪音， 成本低， 可靠性好；
(3 ) 两相流动好， 抗液击力强： 由于每个工作室都是绕活塞轴线做旋转运动， 其机 构结构形式有利于通过对气道位置及局部结构的设计，使缸内液体在旋转离心力的作用下 顺利排出， 避免液击， 改善两相流动。
(4)结构紧凑、 零件少： 在实现多级压缩膨胀时仍然只有三个运动件， 空间占用小。
(5) 运转平稳， 高速变频性能好： 由于无气阀， 零件受力润滑好， 无往复运动件和 能引起高振动的运动件， 运转平稳， 高速变频性能好；
(6) 能耗低： 由于无气阀、 密封可靠、 运动件少， 零件受力润滑好等特点， 所以效 率高、 能耗低；
(7) 制造成本低： 由于零件基本为球面、 圆柱面、 平面， 并且数量少， 所以易于制 造而且制造成本低。
附图说明
图 1 : 第一个实施例结构剖面图；
图 2 : 第一个实施例机壳剖面图；
图 3: 图 2中 E-E剖面图；
图 4: 图 2中 F-F剖面图；
图 5: 图 2中 G-G剖面图；
图 6: 图 2中 M-M剖面图；
图 7 : 第一个实施例中活塞主视图；
图 8: 图 7所示的第一个实施例中活塞左视图；
图 9 : 第一个实施例中活塞铰链支撑主视图；
图 10: 图 9所示的第一个实施例中活塞铰链支撑左视图；
图 11 : 滑块主视图；
图 12: 图 11所示的滑块左视图；
图 13: 第一个实施例中活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图；
图 14: 图 13所示的第一个实施例中活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合左视图; 图 15: 第一个实施例中转盘主视图；
图 16: 图 15所示的第一个实施例中转盘左视图；
图 17: 图 15所示的第一个实施例中转盘俯视图；
图 18: 主轴主视图；
图 19: 第二个实施例结构剖面图；
图 20: 第二个实施例中转盘主视图；
图 21 : 第二个实施例中活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图；
图 22: 图 21所示的第二个实施例中活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合左视图; 图 23: 第二个实施例中支撑轴主视图；
图 24: 图 23所示的第二个实施例中支撑轴左视图；
图 25: 第三个实施例结构剖面图；
图 26: 图 25中 H-H剖面图； 图 27: 第三个实施例机壳剖面图；
图 28: 第三个实施例中活塞主视图；
图 29: 图 28所示的第三个实施例中活塞左视图；
图 30: 图 28所示的第三个实施例中活塞俯视图；
图 31 : 第三个实施例中活塞铰链支撑主视图；
图 32: 图 31所示的第三个实施例中活塞铰链支撑左视图；
图 33: 第三个实施例中活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图；
图 34: 图 33所示的第三个实施例中活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合左视图；
图 35: 第三个实施例中转盘主视图；
图 36: 图 35所示的第三个实施例中转盘左视图；
图 37: 图 35所示的第三个实施例中转盘俯视图；
图 38: 图 35中 N-N剖面图；
图 39: 第四个实施例结构剖面图；
图 40: 第四个实施例中机壳剖面图；
图 41 : 图 40中 K-K剖面图；
图 42: 第四个实施例中活塞主视图；
图 43: 第四个实施例中活塞铰链支撑主视图；
图 44： 图 43中 L-L剖视图;
45： 图 43中 P-P剖视图;
图 46: 第四个实施例中转盘主视图；
图 47: 第四个实施例中活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图；
图 48: 图 27中 T- T剖视图。
图中： 1-缸体； 2-缸盖； 3-活塞； 4-中心销； 5-转盘； 6-球面轴承； 7-主轴支架； 8- 主轴； 9-连接螺钉； 10-活塞铰链支撑； 11-永磁体； 12-定位螺钉； 13-滑块； 14-缸体 Π ; 15 -缸盖 II； 16-转盘 II； 17-支撑轴； 18-缸体 III； 19-缸盖 III； 20-活塞 ΠΙ; 21-转盘 III； 22-活塞铰链支撑 III； 23-缸体 IV； 24-缸盖 W; 25-活塞 IV； 26-转盘 IV； 27-活塞铰链支撑 IV；
101-工作室 VI、工作室 V2的进排气通道； 102-工作室 V3、工作室 V4的进排气通道; 103-工作室 V5、 工作室 V6的进排气通道； 104-工作室 V7、 工作室 V8、 工作室 V9、 工作 室 vio的进排气通道；
201-工作室 VI； 202-工作室 V2; 203-工作室 V3; 204-工作室 V4; 205-工作室 V5; 206-工作室 V6; 207-工作室 V7; 208-工作室 V8; 209-工作室 V9; 210-工作室 V10;
301- A气道； 302-B气道; 303- C气道； 304-D气道。
具体实施方式
一、 第一个实施例
第一个实施例采用为本发明的第一种结构形式。
图 1为第一个实施例结构剖面图， 该压缩机包括缸盖 2、 缸体 1、 活塞 3、 转盘 5、 中心销 4、 主轴 8、 主轴支架 7等零件， 缸体 1和缸盖 2通过连接螺钉 9相连形成球形内 腔， 活塞 3具有球形顶面， 在球形顶面中央突出一活塞轴， 活塞 3的下部有一活塞销座， 缸盖 2上对应活塞轴有一活塞轴孔， 活塞 3装入活塞轴孔中可自由转动， 活塞 3的球形顶 面和上述球形内腔相贴合； 转盘 5的上部与活塞销座相对应有一转盘销座， 转盘 5的下端 面中央向下突出一转盘轴， 转盘 5的球形面与所述球形内腔相贴合； 活塞铰链支撑 10与 活塞销座通过定位螺钉 12连为一体， 与转盘销座组合形成柱面铰链副， 中心销 4插入销 孔形成两端具有球形端面的圆柱铰链； 主轴支架 7与缸体 1相连， 为主轴 8的旋转提供支 撑， 主轴 8的一端为偏心曲柄， 偏心曲柄位于缸体 1内与转盘轴通过球面轴承 6相连， 另 一端与动力机构相连， 为膨胀压缩机变容提供动力； 活塞 3的下端和转盘 5的上端形状相 配、活塞销座与转盘销座相配， 主轴 8转动时， 活塞 3相对转盘 5摆动， 柱面铰链两端面、 转盘球面、 活塞球形顶面分别与所述球形内腔形成密封动配合， 活塞 3和转盘 5通过柱面 铰链连接形成密封动配合；
活塞 3的下端面和转盘 5的上端面均为平面，活塞 3和转盘 5绕中心销 4相对摆动时， 转盘 5的上端面、 活塞 3的下端面、 活塞铰链支撑 10的平端面与球形内腔之间形成容积 交替变化的工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202； 滑块 13的侧面、 扇形滑道的侧面及活塞铰 链支撑 10的平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3 203和工作室 V4 204； 转盘销座 圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中摆动， 在扇形凸块的侧面、扇形空腔 的侧面与活塞铰链支撑 10的平端面间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V5 205和 V6 206。
如图 2所示， 在缸体 1和缸盖 2形成的球形内腔上分别设有各个工作室的进排气通 道， 进排气通道设在缸体 1和缸盖 2的球形内腔内表面上， 布置在垂直于活塞轴线的环形 空间内并连通缸外， 图 3—图 5分别是图 2中 E-E、 F- F、 G-G剖面图， F- F剖面为工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202的进排气通道 101的结构示意图， E-E剖面为工作室 V5 205、 工 作室 V6 206的进排气通道 103的结构示意图， G- G剖面为工作室 V3 203、 工作室 V4 204 的进排气通道 102的结构示意图。
活塞 3具有球形顶面，在球形顶面的中央突出一活塞轴，活塞 3的下部有一活塞销座， 活塞销座为一在活塞下端面形成的开口向下的半圆柱孔，在半圆柱孔的内圆周的顶部沿半 圆柱孔的轴线方向有一凹入的扇形空腔， 该扇形空腔沿半圆柱孔的轴向贯通， 在与半圆柱 孔的轴线垂直的截面上呈扇形； 半圆环体的轴线垂直于活塞轴并通过球形内腔的中心； 半 圆环体的两端面为相互平行的平面， 平面上有螺纹孔； 活塞的下端面为平面； 如图 7、 图 8所示， 图 7为活塞主视图； 图 8为图 7所示的活塞左视图。
活塞铰链支撑 10的一端为平面， 另一端为球面， 球面与所述球形内腔球面相配， 活 塞铰链支撑 10的平端面及侧面形状与活塞销座两端和转盘销座两端结构相配， 球面中央 有一圆柱销孔， 圆柱销孔的尺寸与中心销 4相配； 如图 9、 图 10所示， 图 9为活塞铰链 支撑主视图； 图 10为图 9所示的活塞铰链支撑左视图。
活塞 3与活塞铰链支撑 10通过定位螺钉 12固定相连，在活塞销座和转盘销座的两外 端形成与球形内腔相配的球面， 图 13为活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图； 图 14为图 13 所示的活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合左视图；
图 15为转盘主视图， 图 16为图 15所示的转盘左视图； 图 17为图 15所示的转盘俯 视图。转盘 5的下端面中央向下突出一转盘轴， 上端与活塞销座相适应向上突出一转盘销 座， 转盘销座为一圆环体， 圆环体的轴线与上述活塞半圆柱孔的轴线为同一轴线， 在转盘 销座圆环体的的外圆周上沿圆环轴线向外形成扇形凸块， 该扇形凸块在转盘销座轴向贯 通， 在圆周面上呈扇形， 与活塞销座扇形空腔相配且扇形圆心相同； 转盘销座圆环体的外 圆与活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆相配， 形成密封动配合； 转盘销座圆环体的内圆与中心销 4 相配达到密封动配合， 转盘球面与球形空腔相贴合并具有相同的球心； 转盘 5的上端面为 平面， 活塞 3的下部形状与转盘 5的上部形状相适配； 在转盘销座圆环体的下部有一扇形 滑道， 扇形滑道在圆环体的轴向开通， 扇形滑道的轴线与圆环体的轴线平行， 滑块 13的 形状与扇形滑道的形状相适配， 滑块 13的上下圆弧面与滑道的上下圆弧面相贴合并形成 密封动配合，滑块 13的两端面与活塞铰链支撑 10的平端面相贴合并通过定位螺钉固定连 接， 活塞 3与转盘 5相对摆动时， 滑块的侧面、 滑道的侧面及活塞铰链支撑 10的平端面 之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3和工作室 V4; 如图 11-图 12所示为滑块结构示意图， 图 11为滑块主视图， 图 12为图 11所示的滑块左视图， 滑块 13的截面为扇形， 两端平面 上具有螺纹孔。
活塞铰链支撑 10与活塞销座和转盘销座两端的形状相适配， 中心销 4的两端面形状 与球形内腔内表面相适配； 柱面铰链与球形内腔相接触的两端面与球形内腔为密封动配 合， 活塞铰链支撑 10与转盘销座之间形成密封动配合； 每个工作室都开有一气道， 气道设置在活塞 3和活塞铰链支撑 10上， 如图 7、 图 13 和图 14所示， 工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202的气道为 A气道 301， A气道 301设置在活 塞球形外表面上， 工作室 V3 203和工作室 V4 204的气道为 B气道 302， B气道 302设在 活塞铰链支撑 10上， 工作室 V5 205和工作室 V6 206的气道为 C气道 303， C气道 303设 在活塞 3上。
把工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202作为第一级压缩， 工作室 V3 203、 工作室 V4 204 作为第二级压缩， 工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206作为第一级膨胀用， 即可用作适用于 C02 循环的二级压缩一级膨胀的球形膨胀压缩机； 如果把工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206作为 第三级压缩， 即可作为具有三级压缩功能的球形压缩机。
二、 第二个实施例
第二个实施例采用为本发明的第二种结构形式。 第二个实施例与第一个实施例不同 之处在于， 第二个实施例中在转盘销座圆环体的下部没有扇形滑道， 没有形成滑块结构， 不是由滑块与扇形滑道构成工作室，而是由支撑轴和转盘圆环体下部的弧形开口构成的导 向机构。 在活塞铰链支撑上没有 B气道 302， 在缸体上没有相应的进排气通道 102， 其它 基本结构与第一个实施例相同。
在第二个实施例中， 除缸盖、 缸体、 转盘与第一个实施例中结构略有变化外， 其它 零件和各零件的连接形式与第一个实施例相同， 为了与第一个实施例中零件名称区别， 第 二个实施例中称缸盖、 缸体和转盘分别为缸盖 II、 缸体 II和转盘 II。
图 19为第二个实施例结构剖面图， 该压缩机包括缸盖 11 15、 缸体 11 14、 活塞 3、 转 盘 1116、 中心销 4、 主轴 8、 主轴支架 7等零件， 缸体 II 14和缸盖 II 15通过连接螺钉 9相 连形成球形内腔， 活塞 3具有球形顶面， 在球形顶面中央突出一活塞轴， 活塞 3的下部有 一活塞销座， 缸盖 II 15上对应活塞轴有一活塞轴孔， 活塞 3装入活塞轴孔中可自由转动， 活塞 3的球形顶面和上述球形内腔相贴合； 转盘 II 16的上部与活塞销座相对应有一转盘 销座， 转盘 11 16的下端面中央向下突出一转盘轴， 转盘 II 16的球形面与所述球形内腔相 贴合； 活塞铰链支撑 10与活塞销座通过定位螺钉 12连为一体， 与转盘销座组合形成柱面 铰链副， 中心销 4插入销孔形成两端具有球形端面的圆柱铰链； 主轴支架 7与缸体 11 14 通过连接螺钉 9相连， 为主轴 8的旋转提供支撑， 主轴 8的一端为偏心曲柄， 偏心曲柄位 于缸体 1114 内与转盘轴通过球面轴承 6相连， 另一端与动力机构相连， 为膨胀压缩机变 容提供动力； 活塞 3的下端和转盘 II 16的上端形状相配、 活塞销座与转盘销座相配， 主 轴 8转动时， 活塞 3相对转盘 11 16摆动， 柱面铰链两端面、 转盘球面、 活塞球形顶面分 别与所述球形内腔形成密封动配合， 活塞 3和转盘 II 16通过柱面铰链连接形成密封动配 合. 活塞 3的下端面和转盘 II 16的上端面均为平面， 活塞 3和转盘 II 16绕中心销 4相对 摆动时， 转盘 II 16的上端面、 活塞 3的下端面、 活塞铰链支撑 10的平端面与球形内腔之 间形成一对容积交替变化的工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202； 转盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块 在活塞销座半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中摆动， 在扇形凸块的侧面、扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链 支撑平端面间形成一对容积交替变化的工作室 V5 205和工作室 V6 206。
在缸体 II 14和缸盖 II 15形成的球形内腔上分别设有各个工作室的进排气通道， 进排 气通道设在缸体 II 14和缸盖 II 15的球形内腔内表面上， 布置在垂直于活塞轴线的环形空 间内并连通缸外， 工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202的进排气通道 101及工作室 V5 205、 工 作室 V6 206的进排气通道 103的位置可参照图 2、 图 3、 图 4， F- F剖面为工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202的进排气通道 101的结构示意图， E- E剖面为工作室 V5 205、工作室 V6 206 的进排气通道 103的结构示意图。
第二个实施例中活塞的结构第一个实施例相同， 可以参照图 7、 图 8， 图 7为活塞主 视图； 图 8为图 7所示的活塞左视图。
第二个实施例中活塞铰链支撑的结构与第一个实施例相同， 可以参照图 9、 图 10， 图 9为活塞铰链支撑主视图； 图 10为图 9所示的活塞铰链支撑左视图。
活塞 3与活塞铰链支撑 10通过定位螺钉 12固定相连， 支撑轴 17通过螺钉连接在活 塞铰链支撑 10的平端面上， 图 21为活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图； 图 22为图 21所示 的活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合左视图。
转盘 II 16的结构与第一个实施例中转盘 5的结构相比较， 除转盘销座下部不是扇形 滑道而是一弧形开口外， 其结构与转盘 5相同； 转盘 Π 16的下端面中央向下突出一转盘 轴， 上端与活塞销座相适应向上突出一转盘销座， 转盘销座为一圆环体， 圆环体的轴线与 上述活塞半圆柱孔的轴线为同一轴线，在转盘销座圆环体的的外圆周上沿圆环轴线向外形 成扇形凸块， 该扇形凸块在转盘销座轴向贯通， 在圆周面上呈扇形， 与活塞销座扇形空腔 相配且扇形圆心相同； 转盘销座圆环体的外圆与活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆相配， 形成密封 动配合； 转盘销座圆环体的内圆与中心销 4相配达到密封动配合， 转盘球面与球形空腔相 贴合并具有相同的球心； 转盘 Π 16的上端面为平面， 活塞 3的下部形状与转盘 II 16的上 部形状相适配； 图 20为转盘主视图， 弧形开口的上下弧为同心圆弧， 两侧为半圆形， 弧 形开口沿转盘 II 16转盘销座圆环体的轴向开通； 支撑轴 17是一圆柱体， 圆柱体的两端具 有螺纹孔， 支撑轴 17可在弧形开口中移动， 支撑轴 17的圆柱的两端面与活塞铰链支撑 10的平端面相贴并通过螺钉固定连接； 活塞 3绕中心销 4相对转盘 II 16摆动时， 支撑轴 17在弧形开口中移动并起导向作用； 图 23为支撑轴主视图， 图 24为图 23所示的支撑轴 左视图。 每个工作室都开有一气道，气道设置在活塞 3上，如图 7和图 14所示，工作室 VI 201 和工作室 V2 202的气道为 A气道 301， A气道 301设置在活塞球形外表面上，工作室 V5 205 和 V6 206的气道为 C气道 303， C气道 303设在活塞 3上。
把工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202作为第一级压缩， 工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206 作为第一级膨胀用， 即可用作适用于 C02循环的一级压缩一级膨胀的球形膨胀压缩机； 如 果把工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206作为第二级压缩， 即可作为具有二级压缩功能的球形 压缩机。
三、 第三个实施例
第三个实施例采用为本发明的第三种结构形式。
图 25为第三个实施例结构剖面图， 图 26为图 25中 H-H剖面图， 该压缩机包括缸盖 11119、 缸体 11118、 活塞 11120、 转盘 11121、 中心销 4、 主轴 8、 主轴支架 7等零件， 缸体 III 18和缸盖 ΠΙ19通过连接螺钉 9相连形成球形内腔， 活塞 ΙΠ20具有球形顶面， 在球形顶面 中央突出一活塞轴， 活塞 ΙΠ20下部有一活塞销座， 缸盖 ΠΙ19上对应活塞轴有一活塞轴孔， 活塞 ΠΙ20装入活塞轴孔中可自由转动， 活塞 ΙΠ20的球形顶面和上述球形内腔相贴合； 转 盘 ΠΙ21上部与活塞销座相对应有一转盘销座， 转盘 ΙΠ21下端面中央向下突出一转盘轴， 转盘 ΠΙ21 的球形面与所述球形内腔相贴合； 活塞铰链支撑 ΠΙ22与活塞销座通过定位螺钉 12连为一体， 与转盘销座组合形成柱面铰链副， 中心销 4插入销孔形成两端具有球形端 面的圆柱铰链； 主轴支架 7与缸体 ΠΙ18通过连接螺钉 9相连， 为主轴 8的旋转提供支撑， 主轴 8的一端为偏心曲柄， 偏心曲柄位于缸体 III18内与转盘轴通过球面轴承 6相连， 另 一端与动力机构相连， 为膨胀压缩机变容提供动力； 活塞 ΙΠ20下端和转盘 ΙΠ21上端形状 相配、 活塞销座与转盘销座相配， 主轴 8转动时， 活塞 ΙΠ20相对转盘 ΠΙ21摆动， 柱面铰 链两端面、 转盘球面、 活塞球形顶面分别与所述球形内腔形成密封动配合， 活塞 III20 和 转盘 ΙΠ21通过柱面铰链连接形成密封动配合；
活塞 ΠΙ20和转盘 ΙΠ21绕中心销 4相对摆动时， 在活塞凹面、 转盘凸面、 活塞铰链支 撑 22的平端面和球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202, 在 活塞凸面、 转盘凹面和活塞铰链支撑平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3 203和工 作室 V4 204； 在活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆周面上形成一个扇形空腔， 相对应在转盘销座 圆环体的外圆周上形成一个扇形凸块，转盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座半圆柱孔的 扇形空腔中摆动时， 在扇形凸块的侧面、扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成一 对容积交替变化的工作室 V5和工作室 V6。
如图 27所示， 在缸体 ΙΠ18和缸盖 ΠΙ19形成的球形内腔上分别设有各个工作室的进 排气通道， 进排气通道设在缸体 ΙΠ18和缸盖 ΙΠ19的球形内腔内表面上， 布置在垂直于活 塞轴线的环形空间内并连通缸外， 图 27中 E-E、 F- F剖面图与图 2中 E-E、 F- F剖面图相 同， 可以参照图 3、 图 4; 图 27中 T- T剖面图参见图 48; F-F剖面为工作室 VI 201、 工 作室 V2 202的进排气通道 101的结构示意图， F- F剖面为工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202 的进排气通道 101的结构示意图， T- T剖面为工作室 V3 203、 工作室 V4 204的进排气通 道 102的结构示意图； E- E剖面为工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206的进排气通道 103的结 构示意图。
活塞 ΠΙ20具有球形顶面， 在球形顶面的中央突出一活塞轴， 活塞 ΙΠ20的下部有一活 塞销座， 活塞销座为一在活塞下端面形成的开口向下的半圆柱孔， 在半圆柱孔的内圆周的 顶部沿半圆柱孔的轴线方向有一凹入的扇形空腔， 该扇形空腔沿半圆柱孔的轴向贯通， 在 与半圆柱孔的轴线垂直的截面上呈扇形；半圆柱孔的轴线垂直于活塞轴并通过球形内腔的 中心； 半圆柱孔的两端面为相互平行的平面， 平面上有螺紋孔； 在转盘 III21 的上端面紧 贴球形内腔向上凸起形成一转盘凸面， 在转盘凸面和转盘销座圆环体之间形成一转盘凹 面， 相应的在活塞 ΠΙ20 下端面紧贴球形内腔形成一与转盘凸面相配的活塞凹面， 活塞销 座向下突出形成与转盘凹面相配的活塞凸面； 如图 28—图 30所示， 图 28为活塞主视图； 图 29为图 28所示的活塞左视图； 图 30为图 28所示的活塞俯视图。
活塞铰链支撑 ΠΙ22 的一端为平面， 另一端为球面， 球面与所述球形内腔球面相配， 活塞铰链支撑 ΙΠ22 的平端面及侧面形状与活塞销座两端和转盘销座两端结构相配， 球面 中央有一圆柱销孔， 圆柱销孔的尺寸与中心销 4相配； 如图 31、 图 32所示， 图 31为活 塞铰链支撑主视图； 图 32为图 31所示的活塞铰链支撑左视图。
活塞 ΠΙ20与活塞铰链支撑 ΙΠ22通过定位螺钉 12固定相连，在活塞销座和转盘销座的 两外端形成与球形内腔相配的球面， 图 33为活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图； 图 34为图 33所示的活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合左视图；
转盘 III21 的下端面中央向下突出一转盘轴， 上端与活塞销座相适应向上突出一转盘 销座， 转盘销座为一圆环体， 圆环体的轴线与上述活塞半圆柱孔的轴线为同一轴线， 在转 盘销座圆环体的外圆周上沿圆环轴线向外形成一扇形凸块，该扇形凸块在转盘销座轴向贯 通， 在圆周面上呈扇形， 与活塞销座扇形空腔相配且扇形圆心相同； 转盘销座圆环体的外 圆与活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆相配， 形成密封动配合； 转盘销座圆环体的内圆与中心销 4 相配达到密封动配合， 转盘球面与球形空腔相贴合并具有相同的球心； 活塞 ΙΠ20 的下部 形状与转盘 ΙΠ21的上部形状相适配； 图 35为转盘主视图， 图 36为图 35所示的转盘左视 图； 图 37为图 35所示的转盘俯视图， 图 38为图 35中 N-N剖面图。
活塞铰链支撑 ΙΠ22与活塞销座和转盘销座两端的形状相适配， 中心销 4的两端面形 状与球形内腔内表面相适配；柱面铰链与球形内腔相接触的两端面与球形内腔为密封动配 合， 活塞铰链支撑 ΠΙ22与转盘销座之间形成密封动配合；
每个工作室都开有一气道， 气道设置在活塞 III20和活塞铰链支撑 ΙΠ22上， 如图 28、 图 34所示， 工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202的气道为 A气道 301， A气道 301设置在活塞 球形外表面上； 工作室 V3 203和工作室 V4 204的气道为 B气道 302， B气道 302设在活 塞铰链支撑 ΠΙ22上； 工作室 V5 205和 V6 206的气道为 C气道 303， C气道 303设在活塞 3上。
把工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202作为第一级压缩， 工作室 V3 203、 工作室 V4 204 作为第二级压缩， 工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206作为第一级膨胀用， 即可用作适用于 C02 循环的二级压缩一级膨胀的球形膨胀压缩机； 如果把工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206作为 第三级压缩， 即可作为具有三级压缩功能的球形压縮机。
四、 第四个实施例
第四个实施例采用为本发明的第四种结构形式。 第四个实施与第三个实施例的不同 之处在于， 第四个实施例中在活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆周上形成三个扇形空腔， 相应在转 盘销座圆环体外圆上形成三个扇形凸块， 在活塞铰链支撑上增加 D气道， 在缸体上增加相 应的进排气通道； 在第四个实施例中， 除缸盖、 缸体、 活塞、 转盘、 活塞铰链支撑与第三 个实施例中结构略有变化外， 其它零件、 各零件的连接形式与第三个实施例相同， 为了与 第三个实施例中零件名称区别， 第四个实施例中称缸盖、 缸体、 活塞、 转盘和活塞铰链支 撑分别为缸盖 IV、 缸体 IV、 转盘 IV、 活塞铰链支撑 IV。
图 39为第四个实施例结构剖面图， 该压缩机包括缸盖 IV24、 缸体 IV23、 活塞 IV25、 转盘 IV26、 中心销 4、 主轴 8、 主轴支架 7等零件， 缸体 IV23和缸盖 IV24通过连接螺钉 9 相连形成球形内腔， 活塞 IV25 具有球形顶面， 在球形顶面中央突出一活塞轴， 活塞 IV的 下部有一活塞销座， 缸盖 IV24上对应活塞轴有一活塞轴孔， 活塞 IV25装入活塞轴孔中可 自由转动， 活塞 IV25的球形顶面和上述球形内腔相贴合； 转盘 IV26的上部与活塞销座相 对应有一转盘销座， 转盘 IV26的下端面中央向下突出一转盘轴， 转盘 IV26的球形面与所 述球形内腔相贴合； 活塞铰链支撑 IV27与活塞销座通过定位螺钉 12连为一体， 与转盘销 座组合形成柱面铰链副， 中心销 4插入销孔形成两端具有球形端面的圆柱铰链； 主轴支架 7与缸体 IV23相连， 为主轴 8的旋转提供支撑， 主轴 8的一端为偏心曲柄， 偏心曲柄位于 缸体 IV23 内与转盘轴通过球面轴承 6相连， 另一端与动力机构相连， 为膨胀压缩机变容 提供动力； 活塞 IV25的下端和转盘 IV26的上端形状相配、 活塞销座与转盘销座相配， 主 轴 8转动时， 活塞 IV25相对转盘 IV26摆动， 柱面铰链两端面、 转盘球面、 活塞球形顶面 分别与所述球形内腔形成密封动配合， 活塞 IV25和转盘 IV26通过柱面铰链连接形成密封 动配合；
活塞 IV25和转盘 IV26绕中心销 4相对摆动时， 在活塞凹面、 转盘凸面、 活塞铰链支 撑 IV27的平端面和球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202, 在 活塞凸面、 转盘凹面和活塞铰链支撑平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3 203和工 作室 V4 204； 在活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆周面上形成三个扇形空腔， 相对应在转盘销座 圆环体的外圆周上形成三个扇形凸块，转盘销座圆环体的扇形凸块在活塞销座半圆柱孔的 扇形空腔中摆动时， 在扇形凸块的侧面、扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面间形成三 对容积交替变化的工作室 V5 205和工作室 V6 206、 工作室 V7 207和工作室 V8 208、 工 作室 V9 209和工作室 V10 210；
如图 40所示， 在缸体 IV23和缸盖 IV24形成的球形内腔上分别设有各个工作室的进 排气通道， 进排气通道设在缸体 IV23和缸盖 IV24的球形内腔内表面上， 布置在垂直于活 塞轴线的环形空间内并连通缸外， 图 40中 E-E、 F-F剖面图与图 2中 E- E、 F-F剖面图相 同， 可以参照图 3、 图 4; 图 40中 T-T剖面图与图 27中 T- T剖面图相同， 可以参照图 48; 图 41为图 40中 K-K剖面图； F-F剖面为工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202的进排气通道 101 的结构示意图， T-T剖面为工作室 V3 203、 工作室 V4 204的进排气通道 102的结构示意 图； E-E剖面为工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206的进排气通道 103的结构示意图； K- K剖 面为两对容积交替变化的工作室 V7 207、 工作室 V8 208和工作室 V9 209、 工作室 V10 210 的进排气通道 104的结构示意图。
活塞 IV25具有球形顶面， 在球形顶面的中央向上突出一活塞轴， 活塞 IV25的下部有 一活塞销座， 活塞销座为一在活塞下端面形成的开口向下的半圆柱孔， 在半圆柱孔的内圆 周上沿半圆柱孔的轴线方向有三个凹入的扇形空腔， 每个扇形空腔沿半圆柱孔的轴向贯 通， 在与半圆柱孔的轴线垂直的截面上呈扇形； 半圆环体的轴线垂直于活塞轴并通过球形 内腔的中心； 半圆柱孔的两端面为相互平行的平面， 平面上有螺纹孔； 在转盘 IV26 的上 端面紧贴球形内腔向上凸起形成一转盘凸面，在凸面和转盘销座圆柱体之间形成一转盘凹 面， 相应的在活塞 W25 的下端面紧贴球形内腔形成一与转盘凸面相配的活塞凹面， 活塞 销座向下形成与转盘凹面相配的活塞凸面； 如图 42所示， 图 42为活塞主视图；
活塞铰链支撑 IV27 的一端为平面， 另一端为球面， 球面与所述球形内腔球面相配， 活塞铰链支撑 IV27 的平端面及侧面形状与活塞销座两端和转盘销座两端结构相配， 球面 中央有一圆柱销孔， 圆柱销孔的尺寸与中心销 4相配； 如图 43—图 45所示， 图 43为活 塞铰链支撑主视图； 图 44为图 43中 L-L剖面图； 图 45为图 43中 P-P剖面图。
活塞 W25与活塞铰链支撑 IV27通过定位螺钉 12固定相连，在活塞销座和转盘销座的 两外端形成与球形内腔相配的球面， 图 47为活塞与活塞铰链支撑组合主视图； 转盘 IV26 的下端面中央向下突出一转盘轴， 上端与活塞销座相适应向上突出一转盘 销座， 转盘销座为一圆环体， 圆环体的轴线与上述活塞半圆柱孔的轴线为同一轴线， 在转 盘销座圆环体的的外圆周上沿圆环轴线向外形成三个扇形凸块，各扇形凸块在转盘销座轴 向贯通， 在圆周面上呈扇形， 与活塞销座扇形空腔相配且扇形圆心相同； 转盘销座圆环体 的外圆与活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆相配， 形成密封动配合； 转盘销座圆环体的内圆与中心 销 4相配达到密封动配合， 转盘球面与球形空腔相贴合并具有相同的球心； 活塞 IV25的 下部形状与转盘 IV26的上部形状相适配； 图 46为转盘主视图。
活塞铰链支撑 IV27与活塞销座和转盘销座两端的形状相适配， 中心销 4的两端面形 状与球形内腔内表面相适配；柱面铰链与球形内腔相接触的两端面与球形内腔为密封动配 合， 活塞铰链支撑 IV27与转盘销座之间形成密封动配合；
每个工作室都开有一气道，气道设置在活塞 IV25和活塞铰链支撑 IV27上。工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202的气道为 A气道 301， A气道 301设置在活塞球形外表面上， 其具体 位置与图 34所示相同； 工作室 V3 203和工作室 V4 204的气道为 B气道 302， B气道 302 设在活塞铰链支撑 IV27上， 其具体位置与图 34所示相同； 工作室 V5 205和 V6 206的气 道为 C气道 303， C气道 303设在活塞 IV25上，其具体位置与图 28所示相同；工作室 V7 207 和工作室 V8 208、 工作室 V9 209和工作室 V10 210两对工作室的气道为 D气道 304， D 气道 304设置在活塞铰链支撑 IV27上， 如图 43、 图 44、 图 45所示。
把工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V2 202作为第一级压缩， 工作室 V3 203、 工作室 V4 204 作为第二级压缩， 工作室 V7 207和工作室 V8 208、 工作室 V9 209和工作室 V10 210两 对共四个工作室共同作为第三级压缩， 工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206作为第一级膨胀用， 即可用作适用于 C02循环的三级压缩一级膨胀的球形膨胀压缩机； 如果把工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V6 206也作为压缩， 即可作为具有四级压缩功能的压缩机。
当然也可以把工作室 VI 201和工作室 V2 202作为第一级压缩， 工作室 V3 203和工 作 V4 204作为第二级压缩， 工作室 V5 205和工作室 V6 206作为第一级膨胀， 工作室 V7 207和工作室 V8 208、 工作室 V9 209和工作室 V10 210四个工作室作为第二级膨胀， 即 可用作适用于 C02循环的二级压缩二级膨胀的球形膨胀压缩机； 二级膨胀的好处是可以减 小工作室的压差， 减少泄漏， 提高效率。
上述四个实施例每个实施例还具有以下共同点：
一、 工作室 VI 201、 工作室 V3 203、 工作室 V5 205、 工作室 V7 207、 工作室 V9 209 在各实施例结构剖面图中为最大极限容积状态， 工作室 V2 202、 工作室 V4 204、 工作室 V6 206、 工作室 V8 208、 工作室 V10 210在各实施例结构剖面图中为最小极限容积状态； 二、 通过活塞的转动来实现进排气控制， 气口和进排气通道设置的原则是， 进排气通 道在各工作室需要排气或进气时， 该工作室上的气道与相应的进排气通道连通。
三、上述活塞轴和转盘轴及主轴 8的轴线都通过球形内腔的球心， 并且活塞轴和转盘 轴的轴线与主轴 8 的轴线形成相同的夹角 α； 将缸盖与缸体的分型面放在与活塞轴垂直 的通过球形内腔球心的平面上， 方便加工和装配；
四、 主轴 8的转向为从缸盖沿主轴 8方向看， 主轴 8作顺时针转动；
五、 柱面铰链的安装顺序为， 先用中心销 4连接活塞销座和转盘销座， 再用定位螺钉 12在活塞销座的两端连接活塞铰链支撑；
六、在主轴 8与缸体相接触的转动面上分别设置永磁材料， 在缸体与主轴 8接触的摩 擦面上镶入一永磁体 11， 图 6为第一个实施例结构剖面图图 2中 Μ-Μ剖视图， 其它实施 例结构剖面图中 Μ-Μ剖视图与实施例一相同， 可以参照图 6; 在主轴 8对应部分相应也镶 入永磁体 11， 两永磁体相对的面的极性相同， 靠近时相互排斥， 利用极性相同的排斥力， 防止活塞轴线与转盘轴线重合时停车， 不能在此位置停机， 利用磁力将主轴 8推开一定角 度。因为在这一位置是一个死点位置，如果刚好在此位置停机，下次启动就有可能转不动； 图 18为主轴主视图。
为防止机构死点位置停车使用永磁材料， 实际中也可以使用其它常用结构装置， 如 凸轮结构停车限位装置； 不论是永磁材料限位装置还是凸轮结构限位装置， 都可以布置在 缸体以外的空间， 如永磁材料式限位装置可以安装在电机转子与定子之间。
七、 上述四种实施例中， 润滑油路的循环可以是从主轴引入， 从活塞轴出， 也可以 是从活塞轴引入， 从主轴端出。
另外， 如果在第四个实施例中， 把工作室设计成 V7=V8， V9=V10, 而 V7≠V9， 同时设计相 应的进排气通道， 这样又可以增加一级压缩， 既可以实现更多级压缩和膨胀。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种能实现多级压缩的压缩机， 它包括：
缸体， 该缸体上设置有主轴支架；
缸盖， 该缸盖与所述缸体连接在一起形成球形内腔， 在该缸盖上设置有与活塞轴相配 的轴孔；
活塞， 该活塞具有球形顶面、 从该球形顶面中央伸出的活塞轴、 和在活塞下部的活塞 销座， 所述活塞可绕活塞轴在轴孔中自由转动， 所述活塞球形顶面与球形内腔具有相同的 球心并形成密封动配合； 所述活塞销座是在所述活塞下端面形成的向内凹陷的半圆柱孔， 在该半圆柱孔的内圆周上沿半圆柱孔的轴线方向有凹入的扇形空腔，该扇形空腔沿半圆柱 孔的轴向贯通并且在与半圆柱孔轴线垂直的截面上呈扇形；
转盘， 该转盘具有从转盘的下端面中心伸出的转盘轴、在转盘上部与活塞销座相对应 的转盘销座； 该转盘上部和下端面之间的外周面为转盘球面， 转盘球面与球形内腔具有相 同的球心并紧贴球形内腔形成密封动配合； 所述转盘销座是在转盘上部突起的圆环体， 圆 环体的轴线与上述活塞半圆柱孔的轴线为同一轴线，该轴线与转盘轴和活塞轴垂直并通过 球形内腔的球心；所述转盘销座圆环体的外圆周上沿圆环体的轴线方向形成有凸起的扇形 凸块， 该扇形凸块沿圆环体轴向贯通， 在圆环面上呈扇形， 与所述活塞销座扇形空腔相配 且扇形圆心相同；
主轴， 该主轴的支架与缸体相连， 为主轴的旋转提供支撑， 该主轴用于驱动所述活塞 与所述转盘的相对摆动， 所述活塞轴和转盘轴的轴线与主轴的轴线形成相同的夹角； 活塞铰链支撑， 该活塞铰链支撑的一端为平端面并且另一端为球形端面， 该球形端面 与所述球形内腔球面相配，所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面及侧面形状与所述活塞销座两端和 所述转盘销座两端结构相配， 所述活塞铰链支撑固定在所述活塞销座的半圆柱孔的两端， 在所述活塞销座和所述转盘销座的两外端形成与球形内腔相配的球面；
中心销， 在所述活塞铰链支撑上具有与活塞销座半圆柱孔同轴线的销孔， 该中心销插 入所述活塞铰链支撑的销孔和所述转盘销座的圆环体的内孔中，使活塞和转盘形成柱面铰 链连接；
多个气道， 其设置在活塞和活塞铰链支撑上；
进排气通道， 其设置在缸体和缸盖的球形内腔内表面上， 所述进排气通道布置在垂直 于活塞轴线的环形空间内并连通缸外， 通过活塞的转动来实现进排气控制；
其中， 通过所述活塞和所述转盘绕所述中心销进行的相对摆动， 所述转盘的上端面、 所述活塞的下端面、所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面与所述球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的 工作室， 同时， 通过所述转盘销座的圆环体的扇形凸块在所述活塞销座的半圆柱孔的扇形 空腔中进行的摆动， 在所述扇形凸块的侧面、所述扇形空腔的侧面与活塞铰链支撑平端面 间形成容积交替变化的工作室；
其中， 每个工作室都对应于一个气道， 在各工作室需要排气或进气时， 所述工作室的 气道与相应的进排气通道连通。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的多级压缩机， 此外还包括： 滑块， 该滑块的两端面与活塞 铰链支撑的平端面相贴合并通过定位螺钉固定连接，
其中， 在所述转盘销座的圆环体的下部设有扇形滑道， 该扇形滑道沿所述圆环体的轴 向开通， 该扇形滑道的轴线与所述圆环体的轴线平行， 所述滑块的形状与所述扇形滑道的 形状相适配， 所述滑块的上下圆弧面与滑道的上下圆弧面相贴合并形成密封动配合； 并且 所述活塞的下端面和所述转盘的上端面均为平面，通过所述活塞和所述转盘绕所述中 心销进行的相对摆动， 所述转盘的上端面、 所述活塞的下端面、 所述活塞铰链支撑的平端 面与球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和工作室 V2， 在所述滑块的侧面、 所述 扇形滑道的侧面及所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3和工作 室 V4， 并且通过所述转盘销座的圆环体的扇形凸块在所述活塞销座的半圆柱孔的扇形空 腔中的摆动， 在所述扇形凸块的侧面、所述扇形空腔的侧面与所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面 间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V5和工作室 V6。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的压缩机， 此外还包括： 支撑轴， 该支撑轴是圆柱体， 该圆 柱体的两端面与所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面固定地连接在一起，
其中， 在所述转盘销座的圆环体的下部设置有弧形开口， 该弧形开口在所述圆环体的 轴向开通， 所述弧形开口的轴线与圆环体的轴线平行， 所述支撑轴可在所述弧形开口中移 动； 并且， 所述活塞的下端面和所述转盘的上端面均为平面， 通过所述活塞和所述转盘绕 所述中心销进行的相对摆动， 所述转盘的上端面、 所述活塞的下端面、 所述活塞铰链支撑 的平端面与所述球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和工作室 V2， 通过所述转盘 销座的圆环体的扇形凸块在所述活塞销座的半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中进行的摆动，在所述扇 形凸块的侧面、所述扇形空腔的侧面与所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面间形成容积交替变化的 工作室 V5和工作室 V6。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的压缩机， 此外还包括： 在所述转盘的上端面紧贴球形内腔 向上凸起形成的转盘凸面， 在所述转盘凸面和所述转盘销座的圆环体之间形成的转盘凹 面； 和
与所述转盘凸面相应地在活塞下端面紧贴球形内腔形成的与所述转盘凸面相配的活 塞凹面， 以及所述活塞销座向下形成的与转盘凹面相配的活塞凸面；
其中， 通过所述活塞和所述转盘绕所述中心销进行的相对摆动， 在所述活塞凹面、 所 述转盘凸面、所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面和所述球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和 V2， 在所述活塞凸面、 所述转盘凹面和所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面之间形成容积交 替变化的工作室 V3和 V4， 并且通过所述转盘销座的圆环体的扇形凸块在所述活塞销座半 圆柱孔的扇形空腔中进行的摆动， 在所述扇形凸块的侧面、所述扇形空腔的侧面与所述活 塞铰链支撑的平端面间形成容积交替变化的工作室 V5和工作室 V6。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的压缩机， 此外还包括：
在所述转盘上端面紧贴球形内腔向上凸起形成的转盘凸面，在所述转盘凸面和所述转 盘销座的圆环体之间形成的转盘凹面；
与所述转盘凸面相应地在所述活塞的下端面紧贴球形内腔形成的与所述转盘凸面相 配的活塞凹面， 以及所述活塞销座向下形成的与所述转盘凹面相配的活塞凸面；
其中，所述扇形空腔包括形成在所述活塞销座的半圆柱孔的内圆周面上形成的三个扇 形空腔，并且所述扇形凸块包括与所述三个扇形空腔相对应地在所述转盘销座的圆环体的 外圆周上形成的三个扇形凸块；
其中， 通过所述活塞和所述转盘绕所述中心销进行的相对摆动， 在所述活塞凹面、 所 述转盘凸面、所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面和所述球形内腔之间形成容积交替变化的工作室 VI和工作室 V2， 并且在所述活塞凸面、 所述转盘凹面和所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面之间 形成容积交替变化的工作室 V3和工作室 V4， 通过所述转盘销座的圆环体的扇形凸块在所 述活塞销座的半圆柱孔的扇形空腔中进行的摆动， 在所述扇形凸块的侧面、所述扇形空腔 的侧面与所述活塞铰链支撑的平端面间形成三对容积交替变化的工作室 V5、 工作室 V6 和工作室 V7、 工作室 V8和工作室 V9、 工作室 V10。
6、 按照权利要求 1至 5中任何一项所述的多级压缩机， 还包括： 分别设置在所述主 轴与所体相接触的转动面上的永磁材料， 这些永磁材料在它们相互接触的面上极性相同。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 5中任何一项所述的多级压缩机， 其中， 所述缸盖与所述缸体 的分型面设置在与所述活塞轴垂直的通过所述球形内腔的球心的平面上。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 5中任何一项所述的多级压缩机， 其中， 所述主轴的一端为偏 心曲柄， 偏心曲柄位于缸体内与所述转盘轴相连， 另一端与动力机构相连。
9、 根据权利要求 1至 5中任何一项所述的多级压缩机， 其中， 所述转盘销座圆环体 的外圆与活塞销座半圆柱孔的内圆相配， 形成密封动配合。
10、 根据权利要求 1至 5中任何一项所述的多级压缩机， 其中， 所述销孔的直径与所 述中心销的直径相配， 该中心销的两端面形状与球形内腔内表面相配。
PCT/CN2007/002567 2006-09-15 2007-08-24 Compresseur de forme sphérique et compresseur à détente capable d'effectuer une compression multi-étage WO2008034331A1 (fr)

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