WO2008020103A1

WO2008020103A1 - New hydroelectric installation using a hydraulic cylinder for harnessing small water courses

Info

Publication number: WO2008020103A1
Application number: PCT/ES2007/000486
Authority: WO
Inventors: José Leocadio SARMIENTO SUAREZ
Original assignee: Sarmiento Suarez Jose Leocadio
Priority date: 2006-08-10
Filing date: 2007-08-09
Publication date: 2008-02-21

Abstract

The present invention consists of harnessing the energy available in the water stored in a tank at a height of at least 5 metres by means of installation of various vertical pipes which include at their lower end a 180º bend, at the free end of which a hydraulic cylinder is located. The fall of water generates displacement in the pistons which exist in each of the cylinders, which, at the starting point, gives rise to vertical movement which displaces the piston to the upper part, and simultaneously raises the linear generator TRANSLATOR shaft base. In order to repeat the cycle, the automatic discharge valve is opened, which releases the water from the cylinder, and the piston returns to its initial position, thus displacing the TRANSLATOR shaft downwards. Alternatively, it is possible to connect to the hydraulic cylinders a crankshaft which is connected to a shaft coupled with an alternator, for the purpose of maintaining operation with constant revolutions.

Description

2

DESCRIPTION

New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Specifically, the present specification refers to a patent application consisting of a device for obtaining hydroelectric energy by transforming hydraulic energy into electricity potential from a small hydraulic jump.

This invention has its field of application in the energy production industry from renewable sources.

BACKGROUND IN THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

Harnessing the energy potential accumulated in the water to generate electricity is a classic form of energy. Around 20% of the electricity used in the world comes from this source. It is, therefore, a renewable energy but not alternative, strictly speaking, because it has been used for many years as one of the main sources of electricity. 3

The hydroelectric energy that can be obtained in an area depends on the waterways and slopes that it has, and there is, therefore, a maximum amount of energy that we can obtain by this procedure.

Reviewing the state of the art in the field, hydroelectric power production plants are generally known by means of a hydraulic turbine generally extended in dams where a large flow of water is usually released from a certain height.

The increasingly restrictive environmental requirements, the excessive dependence on the production of energy from fossil fuels of increasingly high cost and limited capacity and, finally, the commitments made in this area by many of the world's developed countries through the Kyoto protocol in which Spain is included, they are making considerable progress in the search for renewable energy sources.

There are, however, no applications such as "New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels" which provides, with respect to the state of the art, a simple installation for the production of electrical energy from a small hydraulic jump. 4

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The "New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels" consists in taking advantage of the energy available in the water stored in a tank at a height of at least 5 meters to install several vertical pipes that include in its lower end a 180 degree elbow at whose free end a hydraulic cylinder is located.

Thus the water jump generates a displacement of the existing pistons in each of the hydraulic cylinders that is the starting point of the movement of the connecting rod system, the primary axis, the pinions, the secondary axis that includes a flywheel and, finally, through its toothed belt to the alternator shaft.

The installation is completed with a control system that guarantees the opening and closing of the solenoid valves in each cycle, moving the piston to its upper end to subsequently carry out the evacuation of the accumulated water and return to the starting situation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In order to present an embodiment of the invention "New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the 5

use of small water channels "a figure is shown below in which the embodiment of the described invention is represented in a practical way.

> Figure (1): Main scheme of "New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels"

In these figures, the numbered elements are listed below:

(1): Water tank.

(2): Pipes.

(3): Water column flow regulating valves.

(4): Pneumatic ball solenoid valve, opening / closing. (5): Hydraulic cylinder.

(6): Piston.

(7): Lower spring.

(8): Top spring.

(9): Vastago. (10) ^ Pneumatic evacuation valve, bottom: side of the hydraulic cylinder.

(11): Chain.

(12): Crank.

(13): Primary axis. (14): Primary sprocket.

(15): Evacuation pipes.

(16): cistern.

(17): Electrical panel and control system 6

(18): Civil works of primary axis (19): Spring of primary axis (20): Secondary axis (21): Alternator (22): Timing belt between primary and secondary axis

(23): Secondary shaft pinion (24): Secondary shaft concrete wall (25): Flywheel

(26): Pinion set between secondary axle and alternator (27): Timing belt between secondary axle and alternator

(28): Multiplier

(29): AC to DC inverter (30): Batteries (31): Air compressor

EXAMPLE OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

In view of figure 1 can be seen as an example of preferred embodiment of the "New hydroelectric installation by hydraulic cylinder for ^use" small waterways "This consists of a water reservoir provided with a height (1 ) to which two water pipes (2) are connected, which include the corresponding flow regulating valves (3) and 180 degree elbow termination provided at its end of the regulation system by means of the pneumatic ball solenoid valve

(4) and hydraulic cylinder (5).

Thus, to move the piston (6) of the hydraulic cylinder (5) upwards, a spring (7) is included in the lower part where the piston (6) rests and a second spring (8) around the rod (9) which makes The brake function of the piston (6) when it reaches its upper end and before its return on the lower end by means of the evacuation of the water accumulated in the cylinder (5) once the pneumatic evacuation valve (10) is opened

Thus, the operation of the hydraulic cylinder (5) begins with the opening of the pneumatic solenoid valve (3) that activates the water stream provided with sufficient flow and height to raise the piston (6) that through the rod (9) attached to the end δ

by a chain (11) moves the impulse to the connecting rod (12) that moves the shaft (13) together with the primary pinion (14).

To repeat the same movement, the opening valve (4) is closed and the evacuation valve (10) is opened until all the water contained in the cylinder is evacuated by gravity

Hydraulic (5) through pipes (15) to a cistern (16) where it is stored. Thus, the piston (6) and its rod (9) return to their initial position, the evacuation valve is closed (10) and the cycle is repeated.

The installation is completed with a control system (17) for the openings and closures of the pneumatic solenoid valves (4 and 10) and a small civil work (18) in which the connecting rod system (12) is installed screwed to the unidirectional pinion (14), a spring

(19) attached through a plate to the ground and the other end to the connecting rod (12) in order to activate, when the piston (6) does not operate, the movement towards its initial position with the end closest to the ground and of so that when the piston (6) rises again with its rod (9) and the chain (11), it raises the connecting rod (12) and generates a strong impulse on the shaft (13) and this in turn to the pinion (14 ).

It is important to note that the system will include a hydraulic cylinder (5) provided with the corresponding connecting rod (12) and chain (11) for each water column. Thus, each plant can carry between two and forty-eight hydraulic cylinders (5), which will operate on the secondary axis (20) so 9

it is necessary that the primary axis (13) is always in continuous motion and that each connecting rod (12) provides an impulse in the direction of rotation and without affecting the rest of the connecting rods (12) and the movement of the proper shaft (13). For this, each connecting rod (12) includes a bearing system that only draws in the direction of travel, being free when there is no ta! impulse.

To transfer the movement to the alternator (21), the pinion (14) of the primary shaft (13) is connected by a toothed belt (22) to the pinion of the secondary shaft (23). While the secondary shaft (20) is anchored to bearing bearings and a concrete wall (24) and has its own flywheel (25) that maintains the rotation movement and a stable force that moves to the axis of the alternator (21) by means of the corresponding set of pinions (26) and toothed belt (27).

Additionally, the system can incorporate a multiplier (28) between the secondary axis (20) and the alternator (21).

Finally, the system requires an AC to DC transformer and inverter (29) to power the corresponding battery bank (30) and an air compressor (31) that feeds the pneumatic ball solenoid valve (3).

It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any subject matter expert understands 10

Alternatively, if the invention described above includes a piston in the upper part of the rod (9), it can be used as a pneumatic or hydraulic drive system.

It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived therefrom. The materials used, shapes, sizes, number of pieces and arrangement of the elements described will be subject to variation as long as this does not imply an alteration in the essentiality of the invention.

DESCRIPTION

First Certificate of Addition to the main patent n ² 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels.

This invention has its field of application in the energy production industry from renewable sources, particularly in facilities for obtaining hydroelectric energy by transforming hydraulic energy into electricity potential from a small hydraulic jump.

INDICATION OF THE STATE OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

The cited main patent consists of the base whose essence develops and substantially improves the present addition.

The addition to the main patent n ^s 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small waterways is to take advantage of

The energy available in the water stored in a tank at a height of at least 5 meters to install several vertical pipes that include a hydraulic cylinder at its lower free end. ES2007 / 000486

Specifically, these hydraulic cylinders are installed at the lower ends of each of the pipes where the water column is generated and together with an explosion engine crankshaft provided with its corresponding pistons and connecting rods, the chain, the rod and the spring proposed in the main patent with the consequent simplification of the installation that is derived from it. -

The installation continues to be completed with a control system that guarantees the opening and closing of the electro-valves in each cycle, moving each piston to its upper end to subsequently carry out the evacuation of the accumulated water and return to the starting situation.

The present invention aims at improvements in said display, set forth in the preceding paragraphs.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In order to present an embodiment of the invention "First

Certificate of Addition to the main patent n ^s 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels "a figure is shown below in which the embodiment of the described invention is represented in a practical way. > Figure (1): Main scheme of "New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels"

In these figures, the numbered elements are listed below:

(1): Water tank (2): Pipes (3): Flow regulating solenoid valve

(4): Pneumatic ball solenoid valve (5): Hydraulic cylinder. (6): Pneumatic evacuation solenoid valve (7): Piston (8): Connecting rod

(9): Explosion engine crankshaft (10): Flywheel (11): Main shaft (12): Alternator (13): Air compressor

(14): Multiplier box (15): Wiring and pneumatic tubing (16): Evacuation pipes (17): Supports (18): Connection to the alternator shaft 5 (19): Electrical and control panel

EXAMPLE OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The operation of the installation as a whole was clearly described in the document of the main patent, while in view of Figure 1 it can be observed as an example of a preferred embodiment of the Addition, an installation consisting of four pipes or columns of water (2) provided, each of them, with a hydraulic cylinder (5) connected in turn to a single crankshaft (9) by means of the corresponding piston set (7) and connecting rod (8).

Thus, the movement of the assembly starts when the control system (19) activates the opening of two of the four pneumatic ball solenoid valves (4) causing the corresponding column of water that, when moving its pistons (7) downwards, generates middle of the connecting rods (8) a 180 degree turn on the crankshaft (9). This movement, in turn, causes the remaining two pistons (7) to have reached the upper position of the cylinders (5), because by turning the crankshaft (9) they have also moved towards the upper part of the cylinders hydraulic (5) facilitating the evacuation of the water accumulated in said cylinders (5) by means of the automatic opening of the evacuation solenoid valve (6). 6

The complete rotation of the crankshaft or rotation of 360 ^to (9) to complete the cycle is carried out by repeating the operation although reversing the pistons (7) that move up or down by means of the corresponding control system signals (19) on the opening and closing solenoid valves (4) and evacuation (6).

The installation is completed with a flywheel (10) located at the opposite end of the crankshaft (9) in order to maintain a constant speed.

Whereas, as seen in the figure, with this new configuration, the main shaft (11) is connected to the crankshaft (9) and the alternator (12), which allows to reduce losses considerably and therefore increase the efficiency of The installation

Finally, it is noted that the system also includes between the crankshaft (9) and the alternator (12) a gearbox (14) connected to the shaft (11) that allows to increase the speed of revolutions to adapt them to the requirements of the electric generator .

Alternatively, the flywheel (10) can also be installed on the shaft (11) between the crankshaft (9) and the gearbox (14). Likewise, hydraulic cylinders could also be installed with 45 degree elbows up to 325 degrees in any arrangement that 007/000486

7 elements of hydraulics present in the market allow, in order to optimize the use of available space.

Likewise, the configuration of hydroelectric plants can be carried out from 2 to 48 hydraulic cylinders provided with all the elements already described.

It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any expert in the field understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived therefrom. The materials used, shapes, sizes, number of pieces and arrangement of the elements described will be subject to variation as long as this does not imply an alteration in the essentiality of the invention.

DESCRIPTION

Second Certificate of Addition to the main patent n ° 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of hydraulic cylinder for the use "from small water channels."

This invention has its field of application in the renewable energy production industry, particularly in hydraulics for obtaining hydroelectric energy "from a small waterfall" as an energy potential.

INDICATION OF THE STATE OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

The cited main patent is made, based on an innovative efficiency with the current addition.

The addition to the main patent n ° 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use "from small water channels", consists in taking advantage of the energy available in the water stored in a tank at a height of at least 5 meters to install several vertical pipes that include at its lower end a 180 degree elbow at whose free end a hydraulic cylinder is located. Thus the water jump generates a displacement of the existing pistons in each of each of the hydraulic cylinders, in each of the pipes where the water column is generated.

Specifically, a piston is installed at the upper end of the rod, attached to the piston inside the hydraulic cylinder and installing a LINEAR GENERATOR in the upper free part with a base on its axis (traslator) to make it move, replaces the chain, shaft, and sprockets etc. 3

Proposal in the main patent with the consigiucmc mcjuiαs and _> iu-jjiiiu-αv._ui- 4uc ut it is derived.

The installation continues to be completed with a control system that guarantees the opening and closing of the automatic valves in each cycle, the installation is completed with a water pump to evacuate or reuse it.

The present invention aims at improvements in said display set forth in the preceding paragraphs.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES In order to present an embodiment of the second invention Certificate of Addition to the patent n ° 200602215 called New installation, hydroelectric by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of "starting from small water channels", a figure is shown below in which the embodiment of the described invention is represented in a practical manner,

Figure (l): Main scheme of New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of "starting small water channels".

In this figure, the numbered elements are listed below: (1): Water tank

(2): Water column

(3): Flow regulating valves

(4): Automatic opening / closing valve

(5): Piston "I" (6): Hydraulic cylinder

(7): Vastago

(8): Piston "S"

(9): Springs: rest / braking

(10): Automatic evacuation valve

(11): Base of the LINEAR GENERATOR TRASLATOR shaft

(12).: Linear generator (13): Battery bank 4

(14): Wiring and pneumatic tubing (15): Evacuation pipe (16): Programmer / electrical panel (17): Air compressor 5 (18): Water pump pipe

(19): Water tank (20): Water pump

EXAMPLE OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

10

The operation of the installation as a whole was clearly described in the main patent document, maintaining the essence of it.

15 In view of Figure 1, it can be seen as an example of a preferred embodiment of the Addition, it is composed of a water tank at a certain height (l) to which 2 water pipes (2) are connected, including the corresponding valves flow regulators (3) and 180 degree elbow termination provided at its end of the regulation system using automatic valves (4) and cylinder

^ _n hydraulic.

Thus, to move the piston (5) of the hydraulic cylinder (6) upwards, a spring (9-i) is included where the piston (5) rests and a second "upper" spring around the rod (7) which functions as piston braking (5) when this

25 reaches its upper end, and before its return on the lower end by evacuating the accumulated water in the cylinder (6), once the automatic evacuation valve (10) is opened. Thus the operation of the hydraulic cylinder (6) begins with the opening of the automatic valves that activates the water flow provided with sufficient flow and height to raise the piston (5)

. «By means of the rod (7) attached to the upper end to the upper piston (8) moves the impulse (impact) to the base (11) axis

(TRANSLATOR) of the linear generator (12), moves it vertically to the top of the linear generator (12). 5

To repeat the same movement, the opening valve (4) is closed and the drain valve (lθ) is opened until all the water contained in the hydraulic cylinder (6) is drained by gravity through pipes (15) to a cistern (19), where it is stored. Thus the piston (5) and its rod (7) together with the base (11) attached to the axis (TRASLATOR) of the linear generator (12), returns to its initial position, the evacuation valve closes (10) and becomes To repeat the cycle.

The installation is completed with a control system (16) to activate the opening and closing of the automatic valves (4) and (10) and an air compressor (17) to support the system, also includes a battery bank (13 ) to accumulate the energy produced by the linear generator (12).

It is important to keep in mind that the system will include a hydraulic cylinder (6) provided with its corresponding rod (T) and upper piston (8) for each water column, so each plant can carry between two and forty-eight hydraulic cylinders (6).

Finally, a water pump (20) is installed in the cistern (19) to pump the water to the upper tank (1) through the pipe (18) or to evacuate it outside. Alternatively, this hydraulic system by means of a hydraulic cylinder can be extended to other fields of the hydraulic industry, in general, such as mechanical and electrical generation, and installed in other natural areas whose element is water.

It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any expert in the field understands the scope of the The invention and the advantages derived therefrom are the materials used, shapes, sizes, number of pieces and arrangement of the elements described will be subject to variation as long as this does not imply an alteration in the essentiality of the invention.

Claims

11 CLAIMS

1.- New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels characterized by taking advantage of the energy available in the water stored in a tank at a height of at least 5 meters to install several vertical pipes that include an elbow at its lower end 180 degrees at the free end of which a hydraulic cylinder is located.

2, - New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels according to claim 1 characterized by the movement of the pistons housed in the hydraulic cylinders when the water column is released as the origin of the movement of the connecting rod system, the axis primary, the pinions, the secondary axis that includes a flywheel and, finally, through its toothed belt the shaft of the alternator.

3. New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder - for the use of small water channels according to claim 1 and 2 characterized by the cyclic movement of the pistons housed in the hydraulic cylinders by means of a control system that guarantees the opening and closing of the solenoid valves in each cycle consisting of a displacement of the piston to its upper end for each column of water to, 12

subsequently, carry out the evacuation of the accumulated water returning to its lower end.

8 CLAIMS

1. First Certificate of Addition to the main patent n 200602215 referred ^to New hydroelectric facility by hydraulic cylinder for the use of small waterways characterized by carried out from a joint between two pipes or columns 48 and water (2 ) provided, each of them, with a hydraulic cylinder (5) connected in turn to a single crankshaft (9) by means of the corresponding piston set (7) and connecting rod (8).

2.- First Certificate of Addition to the main patent n ² 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels according to claim 1 characterized by the movement of the whole, which starts when the control system (19 ) activates the opening of two of the four pneumatic ball solenoid valves (4) causing the corresponding water column that, by moving its pistons (7) downwards, generates by means of the connecting rods (8) a 180 degree rotation in the crankshaft ( 9). This movement, in turn, causes the two remaining pistons (7) to have reached the upper position of the cylinders (5), because by turning the crankshaft (9) it has also displaced them towards the upper part of the hydraulic cylinders (5) facilitating the evacuation of the water accumulated in said cylinders (5) by means of the automatic opening of the evacuation solenoid valve (6). ES2007 / 000486

9

3.- First Certificate of Addition to the main patent n ^to 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use of small water channels according to claims 1 and 2 characterized by its cyclic movement consisting of a 360 ^Q rotation of the crankshaft (9 ) to complete the cycle by repeating the operation described in claim 1 although reversing the pistons (5) that move up or down by means of the corresponding control system signals (19) on the opening and closing solenoid valves (4) and evacuation (6).

7 REIVINDICACK

1. -Second Certificate of Addition to patent n ° 200602215 called New 5 hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use "from small water channels", characterized by taking advantage of the energy available in the water stored in a tank to install several vertical pipes that include at their lower end a 180 degree elbow at whose free end a hydraulic cylinder is located.

10 -

2-Second certificate of Addition to the main patent n ° 200602215 called

New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use "from small water channels", according to claim 1.- characterized by the movement of the pistons (5) housed in the hydraulic cylinders 15 (6), when the column is released from water as the origin of the vertical movement of the piston (8) by moving the base (11) TRASLATOR shaft to the top of the linear generator. (12).

3-. Second certificate of Addition to the main patent n ° 200602215 called - ₀ New hydroelectric installation by means of a hydraulic cylinder for the use "from small water channels", according to claim 1.-and 2. ~ characterized by the cyclic movement of the pistons (5) housed in the hydraulic cylinders (6) by means of a control system (16) that guarantees the opening and closing of the valves (4) and (10) in each cycle consisting of a superior movement through each water column for later carry out the evacuation of the accumulated water of said cylinders (6) by means of the automatic evacuation valve (10), then the pistons (5) and (8) return to their initial position, moving the shaft base (11) TRANSLATOR to the lower part of the linear generator (12) to repeat the cycle again. 8

4.- Second certificate of Addition to the patent n ° 200602215 called New hydroelectric installation by means of hydraulic cylinder for the use "from small water channels", according to claim 1.-, 2.- and 3.- characterized by the displacement vertical from the base shaft (11) TRASLATOR to the top of the linear generator (12) and then back to the bottom of the linear generator (12), by evacuating the water accumulated in the hydraulic cylinder (6), by opening the evacuation valve (10) returns to its initial position that subsequently the water is stored in a cistern (19) and by means of a water pump (20), it is pumped through a pipe (18) to the upper tank (1) or Your external evacuation.