WO2008001421A1 - Procédé de mesure de la qualité de réception - Google Patents

Procédé de mesure de la qualité de réception Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008001421A1
WO2008001421A1 PCT/JP2006/312746 JP2006312746W WO2008001421A1 WO 2008001421 A1 WO2008001421 A1 WO 2008001421A1 JP 2006312746 W JP2006312746 W JP 2006312746W WO 2008001421 A1 WO2008001421 A1 WO 2008001421A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
transmission
quality
reception
gaussian
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PCT/JP2006/312746
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazunori Inogai
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Panasonic Corporation
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Priority to PCT/JP2006/312746 priority Critical patent/WO2008001421A1/fr
Publication of WO2008001421A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008001421A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
    • H04W52/225—Calculation of statistics, e.g. average, variance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/26—Monitoring; Testing of receivers using historical data, averaging values or statistics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reception quality measurement method in a wireless system such as a wireless LAN or a cellular system.
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • each channel signal can be separated relatively easily by a filter or a time window. Therefore, the received signal quality can be measured by assuming that the receiver noise power is constant. I helped.
  • each user signal is separated based on the orthogonality of the code.
  • the orthogonality of the code is not always maintained due to the influence of the multipath transmission path and the received signal is large. In some cases, interference components remain. For this reason, in CDMA, it is necessary to measure the residual interference power as well as simply measuring the reception level. The following two methods were used to separate and measure the signal in the received signal and the residual interference component including receiver noise.
  • FIG. 1 shows the concept of a conventional MIMO transmission system.
  • the MIMO transmitter 10 includes known symbols from M transmit antennas TxANT 0 to TxANT M-1 for each frame time. Transmit pattern and k-channel TDM multiplexed signal. These are mixed and received by the N receiving antennas RxANT-0 to RxANT-N-1 of the MIMO receiver 20.
  • the service area is narrow or divided into subcarriers when combined with OFDM transmission, frequency selective fading due to multinos propagation path delay differences can be ignored, so the transmission line matrix
  • Each element is a complex number, and the following equation holds between the transmitted symbol and the received symbol.
  • N -1 is the received symbol at the i th receiving antenna (1)
  • h .. is the transmission coefficient between the jth transmitting antenna and the transmitting antenna
  • the signal separation unit 21 of the MIMO receiver 20 is a signal for obtaining M signals transmitted from M antennas TxANT-0 to TxANT-M-1 on the transmission side from N received symbols. Separation is performed (this is equivalent to despreading in CDMA transmission). Signal separation is performed in two stages: channel estimation and separation.
  • Spatial filter bank method based on ZF algorithm or MMSE algorithm A method that separates signals one by one with a filter that has a coefficient calculated from the transmission path matrix H.
  • Interference canceller method A method in which a signal separated by a spatial filter is re-encoded and multiplied by a transmission line matrix H to generate a replica, and this is separated while increasing SIR by subtracting the received signal power. .
  • the quality measurement of the received signal in MIMO transmission is obtained by measuring the known symbol distortion in the separated signal by the known symbol distortion measurement units 22-0 to 22-M-1.
  • FIG. 2 shows known symbols in the separated signal. As shown in the figure, even if a known symbol with the same amplitude is transmitted, its received amplitude fluctuates, so that it is separated as a result of residual interference components and receiver noise, and the power is calculated by dividing it. The quality of the separated signal can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of received signal quality measurement based on provisional determination, and shows constellation during 16QAM symbol reception.
  • the nearest 16QAM reception point is selected as the temporary decision value, and the difference between the actual received symbol and the temporary decision value is received as the residual interference component.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Daibell: “Promotion and Elemental Technology of MIMO System”, IEICE, Antenna 'Design for Propagation' Analysis Workshop (29Z30), 2004/11
  • the number of known symbols that can be used is usually limited in order to avoid an extreme decrease in the transmission rate, so that it is difficult to obtain sufficient accuracy.
  • the central limit According to the theorem, it is difficult to achieve high accuracy with the conventional measurement method that uses only known symbols with limited power that improves 3 dB accuracy each time the number of measurement symbols is doubled.
  • frame synchronization is necessary to identify the reception time of known symbols, so it takes time to start reception start force measurement, and measurement is not possible in a low SINR environment where synchronization is likely to be lost. There was a problem of becoming possible.
  • the method of 2. above has a problem that if the provisional judgment value has an error, a large error occurs in the measured value, and numerical stability cannot be obtained.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a reception quality measurement method that can easily perform highly accurate and stable reception signal quality measurement even when the reception signal includes a large amount of residual interference components.
  • the reception quality measurement method of the present invention measures the non-Gaussianity of the signal distribution of the reception signal, and determines that the quality of the reception signal is better as the non-Gaussianity is larger.
  • the quality of the received signal can be measured based on non-Gaussianity, which can be measured without separating the signal and the residual interference component, and can be correctly judged even with a low-level signal. Therefore, even when the received signal contains a lot of residual interference components, it becomes possible to easily perform highly accurate and stable received signal quality measurement.
  • FIG. 1 Diagram showing the concept of a conventional MIMO transmission system
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the first embodiment which is an application example of the reception quality measurement method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the reception quality measurement method according to the present invention is used for reception diversity control.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the third embodiment in which the reception quality measurement method according to the present invention is used for transmission diversity control.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining Embodiment 4 in which the reception quality measurement method according to the present invention is used for link adaptation of a MIMO transmission system.
  • the reception quality measurement method according to the present invention is used for transmission power control of MIMO transmission systems.
  • the feature of the present invention is that when the transmission signals that are independent of each other according to the non-Gaussian distribution are mixed, the central limit theorem approximates the Gaussian distribution. Is to measure. Incidentally, the transmission signal has a non-Gaussian distribution as is clear from the constellation. Non-Gaussianity can be quantified with statistics such as higher-order cumulant negentropy.
  • non-Gaussianity is a concept unrelated to the signal level, quality judgment can be performed correctly even with a low-level signal. For example, if there is a low-level signal that does not contain residual interference components, it will be low quality if judged by the reception level, but it will become high quality if judged by non-Gaussianity.
  • non-Gaussianity is a statistic that can be measured without separating the signal and the residual interference component. Therefore, no known symbols are required for measurement, and high-accuracy measurement using all received symbols can be performed. In addition, since frame synchronization is not required for measurement, measurement is easy, and measurement can be started at the same time as reception starts, so the pull-in time can be shortened.
  • the present invention has been achieved with reference to independent component analysis represented by a component analysis) algorithm, which is based on non-Gaussian principle.
  • Fast-ICA when multiple source signals follow non-Gaussian distributions independent of each other, these mixed signals approach the Gaussian distribution by the central limit theorem, and conversely maximize the non-Gaussianity of the separated signal.
  • Kurtosis kurtosis
  • negentropy a quantity representing non-Gaussianity and a quantity representing separation performance
  • Transmission data of mobile communication is obviously non-Gaussian distribution (because it is a discrete distribution) and is considered to be independent from each other, and the same method can be applied. In other words, if there are many residual interference components and receiver noise in the separated signal, the non-Gaussianity will decrease, and if these are small, the non-Gaussianity will increase.
  • the test mobile device 100 is provided with a non-Gaussian measuring device 103 that measures (evaluates) the quality of the received signal based on the non-Gaussian property of the received signal.
  • the non-Gaussian measuring device 103 receives a reception signal that is received by the antenna 101 and subjected to predetermined radio reception processing such as down-conversion and analog digital conversion by the receiver 102.
  • the non-Gaussianity measuring device 103 is configured to obtain a quality measurement result that the higher the non-Gaussianness is, the better the reception quality is.
  • the radio wave from the test base station 200 is received by the test mobile device 100, and the quality measurement result of the received signal is accumulated, so that the propagation state of the traveling course And estimate the transmission characteristics at each point and formulate a placement plan .
  • reception quality has been evaluated by measuring the reception level.
  • the non-Gaussian measuring device 103 is mounted on a portable terminal, a display corresponding to the actual reception quality can be performed rather than the reception electrolysis strength display.
  • This embodiment presents that the present invention is applied to reception diversity control.
  • a signal transmitted from the transmitting station 300 is received by a plurality of antennas RxANT-0 to RxANT-N1 of the receiving station 400.
  • the reception quality of the signals received by the respective antennas RxANT-0 to RxANT-N-1 is measured by the respective non-Gaussian measuring units 401-0 to 401-N-1.
  • each of the non-Gaussian measurement units 401-0 to 401-N-1 obtains a quality measurement result that the higher the non-Gaussian property, the better the reception quality, based on the non-Gaussian property of the received signal. .
  • Each non-Gaussian measurement unit 401-0 to 401-N-1 sends the measurement result obtained in this way to diversity combining unit 402.
  • Diversity combining section 402 diversity combines the received signals obtained by antennas RxANT-0 to RxANT-N-1 based on the measurement results.
  • a single stream signal is transmitted even with one antenna, and this is received by multiple antennas, and diversity combining is performed according to the reception level at the reception antenna, thereby reducing the SNR. Improvements have been made to obtain good reception characteristics. Furthermore, in a propagation environment where there are large interference waves where radio waves from multiple transmitters arrive, simple reception levels (including interference waves) do not accurately represent the reception quality.
  • the quality of the signal obtained by each of the receiving antennas RxANT—0 to RxANT —N—l is measured using non-Gaussianity, and this is used for diversity combining. Since the index is used, it is possible to realize highly accurate and stable reception diversity control regardless of the presence or absence of interference waves and without being affected by the frame synchronization performance. In addition, versatile reception diversity independent of the frame format can be realized.
  • This embodiment presents that the present invention is applied to transmission diversity control. Specifically, the quality of the received signal is measured with high accuracy on the receiving side based on non-Gaussianity, and the coefficient of transmission diversity is set with high accuracy based on this measurement result.
  • the transmission diversity control according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the transmitting station 500 copies a single stream signal by the number of transmission antennas by the weighting copy branching unit 501 and increases the number of transmission antennas, and multiplies them by a weighting coefficient, so that a plurality of transmission antennas TxAN T—0 to TxANT—M—1 minute The transmission signal is formed.
  • the receiving station 600 receives these mixed signals with one antenna.
  • the channel estimation unit 601 performs channel estimation based on known symbol distortion. This channel estimation value is wirelessly transmitted to the transmission station 500 via the transmission device 602.
  • the receiving station 600 has a non-Gaussian measuring unit 603, and the non-Gaussian measuring unit 603 receives a non-Gaussian signal. Measure the resistance.
  • the non-Gaussianity measuring unit 603 transmits a transmission instruction signal instructing the transmission apparatus 602 to transmit a channel estimation value only when the non-Gaussianity of the received signal becomes lower than a predetermined threshold.
  • transmission station 500 changes the transmission diversity weighting factor based on the channel estimation value in transmission diversity control section 502 and sends the result to weighting copy branching section 501. To do.
  • the weighting factor of this transmission diversity is calculated based on the channel estimation value obtained at the receiving station 600 so that it can be satisfactorily received by the receiving antenna RxANT.
  • channel estimation accuracy greatly affects transmission characteristics.
  • the channel estimation value obtained by the channel estimation unit 601 is performed using known symbols with a limited number, the value fluctuates, and it is not always good to update every time a known symbol is received.
  • the quality of the channel estimation value is determined using the non-gaussiness of the received signal, and the channel estimation value is fed back to transmitting station 500 only when the quality is degraded. I tried to do it.
  • the transmitting station 500 holds the current value while the value is not updated by feedback.
  • the feedback information is transmitted only when it is necessary to substantially change the coefficient of transmission diversity, so that radio resources required for feedback can be saved and transmission errors in the feedback path can be reduced and stable. Transmit diversity can be realized.
  • non-Gaussianity is used, highly accurate and stable transmission diversity control can be realized regardless of the presence or absence of interference waves and without being affected by the frame synchronization performance.
  • This embodiment proposes that the present invention is applied to link adaptation of a MIMO transmission system.
  • Transmitting station 700 transmits M-channel transmission data from a plurality of antennas TxANT 0 to TxANT M ⁇ 1 via MIMO error control encoding section 701 and MIMO modulation section 702.
  • Receiving station 800 inputs signals received by a plurality of antennas RxANT-0 to RxANT-N-1 to MIMO signal demultiplexing section 801.
  • MIMO signal demultiplexing section 801 performs channel estimation, and further uses this channel estimation value to generate M transmission signals X to X using separation algorithms such as a spatial filter bank method, an interference canceller method, and a maximum likelihood determination method. corresponds to x
  • M separated signals z-z are used for MIMO error correction recovery.
  • Error correction decoding is performed by the signal key unit 802 to be received data for M channels.
  • the receiving station 800 can measure non-Gaussianity of each separated signal z to z.
  • the quality measurement results of the separated signals z to z obtained by the non-Gaussian measuring units 803-0 to 803-M 1 are sent to the transmitting station 700.
  • the per-stream MCS control unit 703 controls the error correction coding rate and the modulation multi-level number according to the quality of each stream (each separated signal), thereby reducing variations in transmission characteristics between streams. Specifically, the per-stream MCS control unit 703 sends error signals to streams corresponding to the separated signals z to z by sending control signals to the MIMO error control code unit 701 and the MIMO modulation unit 702.
  • the coding rate and the modulation multi-level number are set for each separated signal z to z.
  • the present invention is applied to transmission power control of a MIMO transmission system. It is the person who presents.
  • Transmission power control according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8 in which parts corresponding to those in FIG.
  • the quality of each separated signal z to z is measured by the non-Gaussian measuring unit 803—0 to 803—M—1 at the receiving station 800, and the measurement result is sent to the transmitting station 900.
  • the quality measurement results of the separated signals z to z are input to the transmission power control unit 902. Sending
  • the transmission power control unit 902 controls the transmission power in each transmission radio circuit 901-0 to 901-M-1 according to the quality of each stream (each separated signal), so that the required transmission quality of each stream is To reduce the transmission of unnecessary radio waves. Specifically, the transmission power control unit 902 sends the transmission power control signals to the respective transmission radio circuits 901-0 to 901-M-1, so that the separated signals z to z are transmitted.
  • the transmission power for the stream corresponding to 0 M-1 is controlled according to the quality of each separated signal z to z.
  • This embodiment presents a preferred measurement method as a method for measuring non-Gaussianity. Specifically, we present that the absolute value of the higher-order cumulant of the received signal is used as a non-Gaussian index.
  • the non-Gaussianity measuring method of the present embodiment calculates a fourth-order cumulant called Kurtosi s (also referred to as Kurtosis) shown in the following equation with respect to the received signal, and the absolute value is large.
  • Kurtosi s also referred to as Kurtosis
  • the signal is strong, that is, the signal quality (SINR) is high.
  • the expression (2) is Kurtosis that is normalized by power.
  • ⁇ [ ⁇ ] represents the average of the set. This set average ⁇ [ ⁇ ] should be calculated by replacing it with the time average as is often done in practice. Unlike the conventional quality measurement method using known symbols, equation (2) is executed for all received symbols, so a more accurate quality measurement result can be obtained.
  • the third-order or higher-order cumulant is theoretically 0 for the Gaussian signal, so that not only Kurtosis but also the third-order or higher-order cumulant can be used to perform the same non-Gaussian measurement.
  • the k-th order cumulant K is the coefficient when the cumulant generating function K (t) that is the logarithm of the product moment generating function M (t) is Tiller-expanded as shown in Eq. (7).
  • Kurtosis a fourth-order cumulant, is a statistic whose value changes according to the sharpness of the probability density distribution, as shown in FIG. In other words, it is 0 for the Gaussian distribution, positive values for Super Gaussian, and negative values for Sub-Gaussian. Therefore, the absolute value of Kurtosis is a measure for non-Gaussianity, but since it includes the fourth power of the signal, the value changes sensitively even if an abnormal value is mixed even in one sample due to noise mixing. Lacks robustness. However, Kurtosis is often used because of its convenient properties as shown in Equation (8).
  • the method of determining non-Gaussianity based on the higher-order cumulant absolute value presented in the present embodiment can be widely applied to quality measurement of received signals. For example, when measuring the quality of a separated signal in a MIMO receiver, it is determined that the higher the cumulant absolute value, the stronger the non-Gaussianity, that is, the separated signal quality (SINR) is high. be able to. (Embodiment 7)
  • This embodiment presents a preferred measurement method as a method for measuring non-Gaussianity. Specifically, we propose that the negentropy of the received signal be a non-Gaussian index.
  • the non-Gaussianity measuring method of the present embodiment calculates an approximate statistic called approximate negentropy represented by the following equation for the received signal, and the larger this value, the stronger the non-Gaussianity, that is, the signal Judged as high quality (SINR).
  • K Attention, k is a positive constant as follows.
  • Equation (9) it is assumed that z is normalized to an average of 0 and a variance of 1 before execution of the calculation.
  • ⁇ [ ⁇ ] represents the set average. This set average ⁇ [ ⁇ ] should be calculated by replacing it with the time average as is often done in practice.
  • Fig. 10 shows the negentropy when the shape of the distribution is changed by the parameter ⁇ in the probability density distribution shown in equation (10) and the approximate negentropy according to equation (9) under two conditions. is there. For any, Eq. (9) is a good approximation of negentropy under either condition.
  • negentropy that is 0 when the signal has a Gaussian distribution and a positive value otherwise is devised as shown in equation (14).
  • a large negentropy means that the non-Gaussian property of z is large, so it can be used as a measure of non-Gaussian property, and it has low sensitivity and robustness to outliers.
  • Equation 14 3 ⁇ 4au SS is a Gaussian signal with mean and variance equal to 2.
  • Negentropy approximation methods is a method based on the following polynomial approximation.
  • this method includes a kurtosis in the second term on the right side, so that a large approximation error occurs depending on the shape of the distribution as shown by the broken line in FIG.
  • MEM maximum entropy method
  • the distribution that maximizes the entropy of the signal is the estimated value of the Z distribution.
  • the method of determining non-Gaussianity by negentropy presented in this embodiment can be widely applied to the quality measurement of received signals. For example, when measuring the quality of the separated signal in a MIMO receiver, it is determined that the non-Gaussianity is more strongly separated as the negentropy value is larger, that is, the separated signal quality (SINR) is higher. Can do. Industrial applicability
  • the present invention is advantageous in that it is possible to easily perform highly accurate and stable reception signal quality measurement even when the reception signal includes a large amount of residual interference components.
  • Device, receive diversity device, transmit diversity control, MIMO transmission system link It is useful when applied to quadration, transmission power control, path quality measurement, and the like.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de mesure de la qualité de réception dans lequel la qualité du signal reçu peut être facilement mesurée avec une précision et une stabilité élevées y compris si le signal reçu contient de nombreux composants de brouillage résiduels. Un appareil de mesure non gaussien (103) mesure la propriété non gaussienne de la distribution du signal reçu et détermine lorsque la propriété non gaussienne augmente que la qualité du signal reçu est améliorée. Ceci permet d'obtenir une mesure correcte de la qualité du signal reçu sans séparer le signal des composants de brouillage résiduels bien que le signal soit à unfaible niveau.
PCT/JP2006/312746 2006-06-26 2006-06-26 Procédé de mesure de la qualité de réception WO2008001421A1 (fr)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009250833A (ja) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 入射波数推定装置及び入射波数推定方法
JP2010112751A (ja) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 信号処理装置
JP2012521137A (ja) * 2009-03-16 2012-09-10 エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド 無線リソース割当方法
JP2017223645A (ja) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-21 株式会社東芝 受信信号品質重みを使用する屋内位置推定

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JP2003317095A (ja) * 2002-02-25 2003-11-07 Noritsu Koki Co Ltd 画像鮮鋭化処理方法、画像鮮鋭化処理プログラム、画像鮮鋭化処理プログラムを記録した記録媒体、ならびに画像出力装置
JP2004029754A (ja) * 2002-05-10 2004-01-29 Univ Kinki 音源の位置情報を利用した分割スペクトルに基づく目的音声の復元方法
JP2005133115A (ja) * 2003-10-28 2005-05-26 Nippon Steel Corp 高炉操業における操業監視方法、装置、及びコンピュータプログラム

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JP2003317095A (ja) * 2002-02-25 2003-11-07 Noritsu Koki Co Ltd 画像鮮鋭化処理方法、画像鮮鋭化処理プログラム、画像鮮鋭化処理プログラムを記録した記録媒体、ならびに画像出力装置
JP2004029754A (ja) * 2002-05-10 2004-01-29 Univ Kinki 音源の位置情報を利用した分割スペクトルに基づく目的音声の復元方法
JP2005133115A (ja) * 2003-10-28 2005-05-26 Nippon Steel Corp 高炉操業における操業監視方法、装置、及びコンピュータプログラム

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009250833A (ja) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 入射波数推定装置及び入射波数推定方法
JP2010112751A (ja) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 信号処理装置
JP2012521137A (ja) * 2009-03-16 2012-09-10 エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド 無線リソース割当方法
JP2017223645A (ja) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-21 株式会社東芝 受信信号品質重みを使用する屋内位置推定
US10459065B2 (en) 2016-06-13 2019-10-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Indoor localization using received signal quality weights

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