WO2008000563A1 - Portion hétérogène de détergent ou de produit traitant - Google Patents

Portion hétérogène de détergent ou de produit traitant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008000563A1
WO2008000563A1 PCT/EP2007/054978 EP2007054978W WO2008000563A1 WO 2008000563 A1 WO2008000563 A1 WO 2008000563A1 EP 2007054978 W EP2007054978 W EP 2007054978W WO 2008000563 A1 WO2008000563 A1 WO 2008000563A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
washing
active
active substance
containing phase
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/054978
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Meier
Matthias Sunder
Dieter Nickel
Hermann-Josef Welling
Original Assignee
Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa filed Critical Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa
Publication of WO2008000563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008000563A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0073—Tablets
    • C11D17/0078—Multilayered tablets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0052—Cast detergent compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0073—Tablets
    • C11D17/0086—Laundry tablets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
    • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
    • C11D17/046—Insoluble free body dispenser

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dimensionally stable detergent or treating agent portion having a mass of at least 50 g, a process for producing this washing or treating agent portion, a kit comprising the washing or treating agent portion and a bag or container, a process for washing and / or treating of textiles in an automatic washing machine in which the washing or treating agent portion or kit is used, and the use of the washing or treating agent portion or automatic dosing kit in the drum of an automatic washing machine for textiles.
  • Detergents or treatment agents are available today for the consumer in a variety of forms. In addition to powders and granules, this offer also includes, for example, concentrates in the form of extruded or tableted compositions. These fixed, concentrated or compressed forms of supply are characterized by a reduced volume per dosing unit and thus reduce the costs for packaging and transport. In particular, the washing or treatment tablets additionally meet the consumer's desire for simplified dosage. The corresponding means are comprehensively described in the prior art. However, in addition to the advantages listed, compacted detergents or treatment agents also have a number of disadvantages. Especially tableted supply forms are characterized by their high compression often by a delayed disintegration and thus a delayed release of their ingredients.
  • solid or liquid detergents or treatment agents which comprise a water-soluble or water-dispersible packaging have been increasingly described in recent years. have. These agents are characterized as the tablets by a simplified dosage, since they can be dosed together with the outer packaging in the washing machine, but on the other hand they also allow the preparation of liquid or powdered washing or treating agent, which compared to the compact data by a better Distinguish resolution and faster effectiveness.
  • the means mentioned so far have in common that the consumer must always dose the washing or treatment agent separately for each washing or treatment cycle.
  • the tablets, powders, granules, liquids, gels and solid and liquid washing or treating agents repackaged in individual portions are completely consumed in the particular washing or treatment cycle selected.
  • This drawback does not apply to the solid detergent composition to be used several times, which is disclosed in the application WO 2005/077064 A2 (Ecosafe Technologies L.L.C.).
  • This solid agent is used together with the laundry to be cleaned directly in the drum of the washing machine and releases active substance over several washes.
  • the composition according to the invention comprises a homogeneous amount of cleaning agent, so that in each of the washes in which it is used, the same detergent composition is released.
  • the possible ingredients of the medium portions disclosed in WO 2005/077064 A2 are limited to gas-producing components, solubility control components, pH regulators, water softeners and optical brighteners.
  • the use of surfactants - especially anionic surfactants - is not desirable in these agents.
  • the object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the known detergents or treatment agents.
  • a washing or treating agent should be provided which can be dosed more easily and which can contain mutually incompatible constituents next to one another in stable form.
  • the present application is a dimensionally stable, one-piece washing or treating agent portion having a mass of at least 50 g, comprising at least 2 active substance-containing phases, which in at least one component and / or the concentration of at least one ingredient and / or in the color and / or differ in consistency from each other.
  • the washing or treating agent portion preferably has a mass of from 75 to 1500 g, preferably from 100 to 1000 g, particularly preferably from 200 to 850 g and in particular from 300 to 700 g. Regardless of its mass, the washing or treating agent portion preferably has the form of a prism, preferably a cuboid or ellipsoid, preferably a spheroid, in particular a flattened or prolapsed spheroid or a sphere. With particular preference, the shape of the washing or treating agent portion corresponds to a prolapsed spheroid having the geometric characteristics of a rugby ball. In a very preferred embodiment, the washing or treating agent portion is spherical and thus has the shape of a ball.
  • both the first and the second active substance-containing phase is in contact with the environment.
  • a preferred subject matter of the present invention is a washing or treating agent portion which releases active substance for 2 to 60, preferably 4 to 50 and in particular 6 to 40 washing or treatment courses in an automatic washing machine for textiles. There- It is particularly preferred for active substance to be released during the 2 to 60 washing or treatment cycles both from the first phase and from the second phase containing active substance.
  • washing or treating agent portion according to the invention containing the first and the second active substance-containing phase in such an arrangement that both phases - even in the stepwise reduction of washing or departmentsmittelportion in the course of successive washing or treatment courses - always with the environment (ie the water of the washing, treatment or rinsing eye) are in contact and so the principle possibility for solution / dispersion of the active substances contained in the respective phase is given.
  • the first active-substance-containing phase is substantially in the form of a prism, preferably a cuboid, or an ellipsoid, preferably a spheroid, in particular a flattened or prolapsed spheroid or a sphere
  • the second active-substance-containing phase is present in the first phase containing active substance, preferably in the form of a cylinder, cuboid, cone, a pyramid, an ellipsoid or an irregular volume.
  • the second active substance-containing phase preferably extends radially in the first active-substance-containing phase.
  • the first active agent-containing phase substantially in the form of a prism, preferably a cuboid, or an ellipsoid, preferably a spheroid, in particular a flattened or prolapsed spheroid or a sphere and the second active substance-containing phase is in the first phase containing active substance , preferably in the form of a cylinder, cuboid, cone or pyramid, extends substantially from the center of the first active-agent-containing phase to the surface of the first active-substance-containing phase.
  • the tip of the respective geometric figure is preferably located substantially in the center of the washing or treatment agent portion.
  • the first active-ingredient-containing phase of the washing or treating agent portion preferably comprises a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool.
  • the first active-ingredient-containing phase of a washing or treating agent portion comprising a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool contains significant amounts of surfactant, for example at least 6 wt .-%, preferably at least 9 wt .-% anionic surfactant , If the first active-substance-containing phase comprises one of the abovementioned base detergents, it preferably releases active substance for 2 to 40, preferably for 4 to 30 and in particular for 6 to 20 washing or treatment courses in an automatic washing machine for textiles.
  • the solubility / dispersants yaw capability of the first active-containing phase of a washing or treatment agent portion according to the invention comprising one of the above base detergent is preferably in 15 ° C warm water (city water 16 ° d) less than 0.3 g / 100 ml of water and in 50 0 C warm water (city water 16 ° d) more than 0.3 g / 100 ml of water.
  • the solubility / dispersibility of the first active substance-containing phase of such a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention comprising one of the abovementioned base wash in 15 ° C warm water (city water 16 ° d) is less than 0.25 g / 100 ml of water, preferably less than 0.2 g / 100 ml of water, and especially less than 0.18 g / 100 ml of water and 50 0 C water (city water 16 ° d) greater than 0.35 g / 100 ml of water, to preferably more than 0 , 4 g / 100 ml of water, preferably more than 0.45 g / 100 ml of water and in particular more than 0.5 g / 100 ml of water.
  • a washing or treating agent portion comprising a base detergent in 15 ° C warm water (city water 16 ° d) less than 30 wt .-%, preferably less than 25 wt .-%, with Preference to less than 20 wt .-% and in particular less than 15 wt .-% of the mass, which dissolves under otherwise identical conditions of the first active-containing phase in 50 0 C warm water (city water 16 ° d) / dispersed.
  • a base detergent in 15 ° C warm water (city water 16 ° d) less than 30 wt .-%, preferably less than 25 wt .-%, with Preference to less than 20 wt .-% and in particular less than 15 wt .-% of the mass, which dissolves under otherwise identical conditions of the first active-containing phase in 50 0 C warm water (city water 16 ° d) / dispersed.
  • Basic detergents for white textiles or colored textiles are known to consumers in Europe under the term heavy duty detergent or color washing medium.
  • Basic laundry detergents for wool are commercially available under the term wool detergents.
  • the term "basic detergents for delicate textiles" is intended to encompass all substances which are suitable for washing and treating special textiles Examples of such basic detergents are light detergents, curtain detergents, black textile detergents, white textile detergents , which should not be brought into contact with heavy-duty detergents, detergents for synthetic textiles etc.
  • the solubility / dispersibility of the active substance-containing phases is determined by knocking out a sample of defined mass from the respective phase of a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention or preparing a sample portion of the respective phase by pressing or pouring the corresponding composition in a small mold and these respective samples be subjected to standardized solubility test.
  • a defined amount of city water of the specified water hardness and the respective temperature is placed in a beaker and by means of a laboratory stirrer with stirring blades in Kept moving.
  • the above-mentioned samples of defined amount are metered into the water and it is stirred for 300 seconds.
  • the solution through a sieve (mesh size 200 .mu.m) is cast glass beaker and agitator blades are rinsed with a minimum of cold water over the sieve, drying the screen in a drying oven at 40 0 C to constant weight and determined by means of differential weighing the residue is located on the screen ,
  • the amount of dissolved / dispersed active substance-containing phase is calculated from the difference between the amount of sample used and the residue. At least one double determination is carried out.
  • alkaline earths determine the quality of the water for cleaning purposes.
  • Calcium and magnesium ions form sparingly soluble salts with soap, the lime soap and magnesium soap. It is also possible with other anionic surfactants to form sparingly soluble compounds.
  • sparingly soluble alkaline earth metal carbonates can deposit on the laundry and the heating rods of the washing machines. When washing alkaline earth ions are therefore generally undesirable.
  • the sum of alkaline earths is recorded in terms of water hardness (total hardness). It is called water with a high content of calcium and magnesium ions as hard, such low content as soft.
  • the figures are determined in terms of degrees of hardness.
  • the hardness of the water used is given in the unit German degree of hardness (° d) in use in Germany.
  • water of 1 ° d are 0.178 mmol / l Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions or water, which contains 1 mmol / l Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions, has a water hardness of 5.6 ° d .
  • a disturbing effect when washing show iron and iron ions, which occur in low concentration in drinking and surface water. They form sparingly soluble salts in aqueous solution which can be identified by their yellow to brown color.
  • the content of these salts in the city water used for the solubility test is preferably below 0.01 mg / 100 ml, in particular below 0.005 mg / 100 ml.
  • the first active-agent-containing phase of the washing or treating agent portion comprises an additional component for a washing or treating agent, preferably a bleaching, enzyme and / or finishing component for textiles.
  • finishing components for textiles includes those components which are applied to the fibers of the textiles and thus bring about a change in the properties of the textile surfaces
  • suitable finishing components are plasticizers such as cationic surfactants and textile-softening clays, in particular benzonite , cationic polymers or polysiloxanes, soil repellent polymers, preferably from the group of terephthalic compounds, which are particularly preferably sulfonated, repellents or impregnating agents, antistatic agents and optical brighteners, UV protection substances and compounds.
  • silicone derivatives which serve to improve the water absorption capacity, the rewettability of the treated textiles and to facilitate the ironing of the treated textiles.
  • Finishing components for textiles also include fragrance compositions.
  • the phase of a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention comprising an additional component for a washing or treating agent preferably contains at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight and in particular at least 40% by weight of bleaching agent, at least 0.5 Wt .-%, preferably at least 1, 5 wt .-% and in particular at least 2.5 wt .-% enzyme, at least 20 wt .-%, preferably at least 30 wt .-% and in particular at least 40 wt .-% of a plasticizer and / or at least 1.5% by weight, preferably at least 3% by weight, particularly preferably at least 4.5% by weight and in particular at least 10% by weight of at least one soil repellent polymer, which is preferably terephthalate Has groups and sulfonate groups.
  • the first active-substance-containing phase comprises an additional component
  • it preferably releases active substance in an automatic washing machine for from 5 to 60, preferably from 10 to 50, and in particular from 15 to 40, washing or treatment courses.
  • 1 to 60 g, preferably 1, 5 to 55 g and especially 2 to 50 g of the additional component-containing phase of the washing or treatment agent portion are dissolved / dispersed per wash or treatment cycle.
  • the solubility / dispersibility of the first active substance-containing phase of a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention comprising an additional component for a washing or treating agent is preferably less than 0.1 g / 100 ml of water in 15 ° C water (city water 16 ° d) and 50 0 C warm water (city water 16 ° d) more than 0.1 g / 100 ml of water.
  • the solubility / dispersibility of the first active substance-containing phase of such a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention comprising an additional component for a washing or treating agent in 15 ° C. water (city water 16 ° d) is less than 0.09 g / 100 ml of water.
  • a washing or treating agent portion comprising an additional component for a washing or treating agent in 15 ° C warm water (city water 16 ° d) less than 30 wt .-%, preferably less than 25 Wt .-%, with preference to less than 20 wt .-% and in particular less than 15 wt .-% of the mass, which dissolves under otherwise identical conditions of the active substance-containing phase in 50 0 C warm water (city water 16 ° d) / dispersed.
  • the second active-substance-containing phase may comprise a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool or else comprise an additional component for a washing or treatment agent. Consequently, both washing or treating agent portions according to the invention are covered by the subject matter of the present documents, whose first and second active substance-containing phase contain base detergents of different composition, color and / or consistency, as well as agents which contain different additional components for washing or treating agents.
  • detergent or treatment agent portions whose first active-ingredient-containing phase comprises a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, sensitive textiles and / or wool and whose second active-ingredient-containing phase contains an additional component for a washing or treating agent, in particular a bleach, enzyme or textile component or vice versa.
  • first active-ingredient-containing phase comprises a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, sensitive textiles and / or wool
  • second active-ingredient-containing phase contains an additional component for a washing or treating agent, in particular a bleach, enzyme or textile component or vice versa.
  • the latter two embodiments are particularly preferred.
  • the respective first active substance-containing phase comprising a base detergent or comprising an additional component for a washing or treating agent carried out in advance applies.
  • a preferred object of the present invention is a dimensionally stable, one-piece detergent or treatment agent portion containing at least 2 active substance-containing phases, which are at least one component and / or the concentration of at least one component and / or in the color and / or in the consistency of each other and preferably both are in contact with the environment, wherein the first active-agent-containing phase contains a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool and the second active substance-containing phase an additional component for a base detergent, preferably an enzyme, bleach and / or equipment component for textiles.
  • the first and second active-material-containing phases have comparable dissolving / dispersing properties.
  • the active substances of the two phases are released in the same cycle of the washing or treatment process, ie preferably either in the washing or treatment cycle or in the rinsing cycle.
  • wash cycle defines any wash program that can be set in an automatic washing machine, such as, for example, kitchen linen, Coloreds, delicates, hand wash, wool wash program at different temperatures understood.
  • treatment includes those programs of an automatic washing machine whose main focus is not on the cleaning of textiles, but their equipment and treatment. Examples of treatment courses are starches, rinsing, dyeing, soaking, etc .. Washing or treatment operations each include the actual washing or treatment cycles and rinsing cycles.
  • An example of a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention in which the first and the second active substance-containing phase have comparable dissolving / dispersing properties is a portion which in the first phase containing active substance is a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, sensitive textiles and / or wool and which additionally comprises a second active substance-containing phase, which preferably extends in the form of a cone from the center of the detergent or treatment agent portion to its surface and an additional component for a washing or treating agent, preferably a bleaching, enzyme or finishing component Textiles includes and vice versa.
  • a detergent or treating agent portion comprising in the first active-containing phase an enzyme-containing but substantially bleach-free composition and which also contains a second active-ingredient-containing phase in which a substantially enzyme-free bleaching composition is contained or vice versa
  • a washing or treating agent portion which within the first active substance-containing phase, a base detergent, in a second active substance-containing phase, which preferably extends in the form of a cone from the center of the washing or psychologistsmittelportion to the surface, a bleaching composition and in a third phase, which also preferably extends radially in the portion, containing an enzyme composition.
  • a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention can also comprise a plurality of first active substance-containing phases of substantially identical composition and / or a plurality of second active substance-containing phases of substantially identical composition and / or third, fourth, fifth, etc. active-ingredient-containing phases.
  • the first and second active-agent-containing phases have different, in extreme cases, opposite dissolving / dispersing properties, so that the first active substance-containing phase is dissolved / dispersed in the washing or treatment cycle while the second active-containing phase liberates active substance in the rinse cycle or vice versa.
  • An example of a corresponding washing or treating agent portion according to the invention is a portion which comprises in the first phase containing active substance a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool and which additionally in a second active substance-containing phase, which preferably takes the form of a Extending from the center of the detergent or treating agent portion to the surface thereof and an equipment component, preferably a plasticizer compound, soil repellent polymers, repellents or impregnating agents, antistatic agents, optical brighteners, compounds which improve the water absorbency, the rewettability of the treated Serve textiles and the ease of Bügeins the treated textiles, and / or includes fragrances.
  • a detergent or treating agent portion comprising in the first active-containing phase an enzyme-containing but substantially bleach-free composition and which also contains a second active-ingredient-containing phase in which an equipment component is contained, or vice versa.
  • Another preferred subject matter of the present invention is a dimensionally stable, one-part washing or treating agent portion which contains at least 2 active substance-containing phases which are present in at least one constituent and / or in the concentration of at least one constituent and / or in the color and / or in the consistency of one another and preferably both are in contact with the environment, wherein the first active-containing phase contains a base detergent or an additive component for a base detergent, preferably an enzyme, bleach and / or machine care component, and the second active-containing phase comprises a finishing component for textiles, preferably a softening compound , Soil repellent polymers, repellents or impregnating agents, antistatic agents, optical brighteners and / or fragrances.
  • the first active-containing phase contains a base detergent or an additive component for a base detergent, preferably an enzyme, bleach and / or machine care component
  • the second active-containing phase comprises a finishing component for textiles, preferably a softening compound , Soil repellent polymers, repellents or impregna
  • washing or treating agents in the form of powders, granules or tablets the requirement of rapid solubility / dispersibility or rapid disintegration is made.
  • the active substances of these agents should be available as early as possible at the beginning of the washing or treatment cycle for which they were dosed individually. In the case of tablets, rapid disintegration is achieved, for example, by adding so-called tablet disintegrators.
  • the amount of the agent according to the invention dissolved / dispersed per washing or treatment cycle should be as constant as possible.
  • a preferred washing or treating agent portion according to the invention in an automatic washing machine for textiles is essentially a constant amount of the first active-containing phase and the second active-containing phase, preferably between 20 and 200 g per wash or treatment cycle, preferably between 22.5 and 190 g , more preferably between 25 and 180 g, with preference to between 27.5 and 160 g, most preferably between 30 and 150 g and in particular between 32.5 and 140 g of the first active-material-containing phase and between 2 and 100 g, preferably between 4 and 80 g, particularly preferably between 6 and 70 g, with preference for between 8 and 60 g, very particularly preferably between 10 and 50 g and in particular between 12 and 40 g of the second active substance-containing phase over several, preferably 2 to 60 washing or treatment courses free.
  • the washing or treatment agent portion has a significantly temperature-dependent solubility / dispersibility, so that in the conducted with heated water washing or treatment cycles, a sufficient amount of active material is released However, in the rinsing cycles carried out with cold water, as little active substance as possible dissolves / disperses.
  • the first and / or the second active ingredient-containing Phase is made up with a system for controlling the solubility.
  • the system for controlling the solubility of the first and / or second active substance-containing phase is preferably based on the respective phase in an amount of at least 5% by weight, preferably of at least 10% by weight, particularly preferably of at least 15% by weight. , most preferably in an amount of 20 to 65 wt .-% and in particular in an amount of 25 to 60 wt .-%.
  • the system for controlling the solubility preferably comprises at least one component which has a softening temperature between 35 and 200 ° C., preferably between 45 and 150 ° C.
  • the solubility control system preferably comprises a component which has significantly different solubilities / dispersibility in water (see solubility test discussed above) at 18 ° C. and 50 ° C.
  • Conditions of the component in 50 0 C warm water (city water, 18 ° d) dissolves / dispersed.
  • the formulation of detergent or treatment agent portions according to the invention with a system for controlling the solubility which brings about a markedly increased solubility / dispersibility of the respective active substance-containing phase with increasing temperature makes it possible to obtain significant amounts of surfactant and other constituents of washing or treatment agents, which should not remain in the textiles after the washing or treatment cycle in the automatic washing machine, to incorporate into the washing or treatment agent portions.
  • Known washing portions for use in several washes dissolve in cold and warm water to a comparable extent, so that the dissolved active ingredients are also dissolved in the rinse cycle and remain on the textiles. In the case of consumers with sensitive skin, the washing or treatment-active constituents or their secondary products remaining on the textiles can lead to skin irritation.
  • the residues on the textiles are often visible as gray streaks.
  • a system for controlling the solubility dispersing / dispersing of the washing or treatment agent portion in the rinse cycle of a washing or treatment cycle releases a maximum of small quantities of the agent, which are removed almost completely, preferably completely, from the textiles with the rinse water.
  • the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention or its phases can also comprise significant amounts of surfactant and / or other components which should not remain in the textiles, without the consumer having to suffer from skin irritations or streaks and residues on the cleaned laundry.
  • all compounds which have a suitable solubility / dispersion profile can be present in the system for controlling the solubility.
  • Particularly suitable are compounds from the group of polymers, which can also be used in combination with one another.
  • Suitable polymers are a) water-soluble nonionic polymers from the group of a1) polyvinylpyrrolidones, a2) vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl ester copolymers, a3) cellulose ethers
  • Copolymers b8) Copolymers of b8i) unsaturated carboxylic acids b8ii) cationically derivatized unsaturated carboxylic acids b ⁇ iii) optionally further ionic or nonionic monomers
  • Alkali and ammonium salts c2) Acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium chloride / methacrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts c3) Methacroylethylbetain / methacrylate copolymers
  • the solubility control system comprises one or more water-soluble polymer (s), preferably a material from the group (optionally acetalized) polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose and derivatives thereof and their mixtures.
  • PVAL polyvinyl alcohol
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • polyethylene oxide polyethylene oxide
  • gelatin cellulose and derivatives thereof and their mixtures.
  • the system for controlling the solubility at least partially comprises a polyvinyl alcohol whose degree of hydrolysis 70 to 100 mol%, preferably 80 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably 81 to 89 mol% and in particular 82 to 88 mol%.
  • a polyvinyl alcohol whose degree of hydrolysis 70 to 100 mol%, preferably 80 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably 81 to 89 mol% and in particular 82 to 88 mol%.
  • the solubility control system to comprise a polyvinyl alcohol whose molecular weight is in the range from 10,000 to 100,000 gmol -1 , preferably from 1,000 to 90,000 gmol -1 , particularly preferably 12,000 to 80,000 gmol '1 and in particular from 13,000 to 70,000 gmol 1 .
  • the degree of polymerization of such preferred polyvinyl alcohols is between about 200 to about 2100, preferably between about 220 to about 1890, more preferably between about 240 to about 1680, and most preferably between
  • the water solubility of PVAL can be altered by post-treatment with aldehydes (acetalization) or ketones (ketalization).
  • Polyvinyl alcohols which are acetalated or ketalized with the aldehyde or keto groups of saccharides or polysaccharides or mixtures thereof have proven to be particularly advantageous and particularly advantageous on account of their pronounced cold water solubility.
  • To use extremely advantageous are the reaction products of PVAL and starch.
  • PVP Polyvinylpyrrolidones
  • PVP are prepared by radical polymerization of 1-vinylpyrrolidone.
  • Commercially available PVP have molecular weights in the range of about 2,500 to 750,000 g / mol and are offered as white, hygroscopic powders or as aqueous solutions.
  • Polyethylene oxides, PEOX for short, are polyalkylene glycols of the general formula
  • ethylene oxide in mostly small amounts of water-containing systems are prepared with ethylene glycol as the starting molecule. They have molar masses in the range of about 200 to 5,000,000 g / mol, corresponding to degrees of polymerization n of about 5 to> 100,000. Polyethylene oxides have an extremely low concentration of reactive hydroxy end groups and show only weak glycol properties.
  • Gelatin is a polypeptide (molecular weight: about 15,000 to> 250,000 g / mol), which is obtained primarily by hydrolysis of the collagen contained in the skin and bones of animals under acidic or alkaline conditions.
  • the amino acid composition of gelatin is broadly similar to that of the collagen from which it was obtained and varies depending on its provenance.
  • the use of gelatin as water-soluble coating material is extremely widespread, especially in pharmacy in the form of hard or soft gelatin capsules.
  • gelatin In the form of films, gelatin has little use because of its high price compared to the polymers mentioned above.
  • Preferred as a component of the solubility control system are materials comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of starch and starch derivatives, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, in particular methyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.
  • Starch is a homoglycan, wherein the glucose units are linked ⁇ -glycosidically.
  • Starch is composed of two components of different molecular weight; from about 20 to 30% straight-chain amylose (MW about 50,000 to 150,000) and 70 to 80% branched-chain amylopectin (MW about 300,000 to 2,000,000).
  • small amounts of lipids, phosphoric acid and cations are still included.
  • the amylose forms long, helical, entangled chains with about 300 to 1,200 glucose molecules as a result of the 1,4-position bond
  • the amylopectin branch branches off into a branch-like structure after an average of 25 glucose building blocks by 1,6-binding with about 1,500 to 12,000 molecules of glucose.
  • starch derivatives which are obtainable from starch by polymer-analogous reactions are also suitable.
  • Such chemically modified starches include, for example, products of esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted.
  • starches in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups that are not bonded via an oxygen atom can also be used as starch derivatives.
  • the group of starch derivatives includes, for example, alkali starches, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), starch esters and ethers, and amino starches.
  • Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) H and is formally a ⁇ -1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is composed of two molecules of glucose.
  • Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5,000 glucose units and therefore have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000.
  • Fat (s) or triglyceride (s) is the name for compounds of glycerol in which the three hydroxy groups of glycerol are esterified by carboxylic acids.
  • the naturally occurring fats are triglycerides, which usually contain different fatty acids in the same glycerol molecule.
  • fatty acids in the present application aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, carboxylic acids with branched or unbranched carbon chain called.
  • carboxylic acids with branched or unbranched carbon chain called.
  • fatty acids a variety of manufacturing methods exist. While the lower fatty acids are usually based on oxidative processes starting from alcohols and / or aldehydes and aliphatic or acyclic hydrocarbons, the higher homologs are most often still accessible today by the saponification of natural fats. With advances in transgenic plants, there are now almost limitless possibilities for varying the fatty acid spectrum in the storage fats of oil plants.
  • Preferred fatty acids in the context of the present invention have a melting point which permits processing of these fats in a casting process.
  • fatty acids have proved to be particularly advantageous, which have a melting point above 25 ° C.
  • Preferred components of the solubility control system are therefore capric acid and / or undecanoic acid and / or lauric acid and / or tridecanoic acid and / or myristic acid and / or pentadecanoic acid and / or palmitic acid and / or margaric acid and / or stearic acid and / or nonadecanoic acid and / or Arachinic acid and / or erucic acid and / or elaeosteraric acid.
  • fatty acids with a melting point below 25 ° C can be used.
  • Fatty alcohol is a collective name for the linear, saturated or unsaturated primary alcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms obtainable by reduction of the triglycerides, fatty acids or fatty acid esters.
  • the fatty alcohols may be saturated or unsaturated depending on the method of preparation.
  • Myristyl alcohol and / or 1-pentadecanol and / or cetyl alcohol and / or 1-heptadecanl and / or stearyl alcohol and / or erucyl alcohol and / or 1-nonadecanol and / or arachidyl alcohol and / or 1-heneicosanol and / or behenyl alcohol and / or Erucyl alcohol and / or brassidyl alcohol are preferred components of the solubility control system. It has also proved to be advantageous if the system for controlling the solubility in the washing or treating agent portions according to the invention contains waxes. Preferred waxes have a melting range of between about 35 ° C and about 75 ° C.
  • the melting range occurs within the specified temperature interval and does not indicate the width of the melting range.
  • Waxes with such a melting range are dimensionally stable at room temperature, but melt at typical automatic washing machine temperatures of 30 0 C to 90 0 C and are therefore more easily water-dispersible at these temperatures.
  • “Waxing” is understood to mean a series of naturally or artificially produced substances which generally melt above 40 ° C. without decomposition and are already relatively low-viscous and non-stringy just above the melting point. They have a strong temperature-dependent consistency and solubility.
  • the waxes are divided into three groups, the natural waxes, chemically modified waxes and the synthetic waxes.
  • the natural waxes include, for example, vegetable waxes such as candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, Espartograswachs, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice germ oil wax, sugarcane wax, ouricury wax, or montan wax, animal waxes such as beeswax, shellac wax, spermaceti, lanolin (wool wax), or crepe fat, mineral waxes such as ceresin or ozokerite (groundwax), or petrochemical waxes such as petrolatum, paraffin waxes or microwaxes.
  • vegetable waxes such as candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, Espartograswachs, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice germ oil wax, sugarcane wax, ouricury wax, or montan wax
  • animal waxes such as beeswax, shellac wax, spermaceti, lanolin (wool wax), or crepe
  • the chemically modified waxes include, for example, hard waxes such as montan ester waxes, Sassol waxes or hydrogenated jojoba waxes.
  • Synthetic waxes are generally understood as meaning polyalkylene waxes or polyalkylene glycol waxes. It is also possible to use as meltable or softenable substances for the compositions which cure by cooling, and compounds of other substance classes which fulfill the stated requirements with regard to the softening point.
  • suitable synthetic compounds have, for example, higher esters of phthalic acid, in particular dicyclohexyl phthalate, commercially available under the name Unimoll 66 ® (Bayer AG) is available, proven.
  • synthetic waxes made of lower carboxylic acids and fatty alcohols, such as dimyristyl tartrate, sold under the name Cosmacol ® ETLP (Condea) is available.
  • esters of lower alcohols can be used with fatty acids from natural sources.
  • Tegin ® for example, falls 90 (Goldschmidt), a glycerol monostearate palmitate.
  • Shellac for example shellac KPS-Dreiring-SP (Kalkhoff GmbH) can also be used.
  • Wax alcohols are higher molecular weight, water-insoluble fatty alcohols having generally about 22 to 40 carbon atoms.
  • the wax alcohols are, for example, in the form of wax esters of higher molecular weight fatty acids (wax acids) as the main constituent of many natural waxes.
  • wax alcohols are lignoceryl alcohol (1-tetracosanol), cetyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol or melissyl alcohol.
  • the coating of the present invention the solid particles coated can optionally also contain wool wax alcohols which are understood to be understood triterpenoid and steroid alcohols, for example lanolin, available, for example, under the trade designation Argowax ® (Pamentier & Co).
  • wool wax alcohols which are understood to be understood triterpenoid and steroid alcohols, for example lanolin, available, for example, under the trade designation Argowax ® (Pamentier & Co).
  • the solubility control system includes paraffin wax (paraffins).
  • paraffin wax preferably, at least 50% by weight of the solubility control system is paraffin wax.
  • Particularly suitable are paraffin wax contents (based on the total weight of the system for controlling the solubility) of about 60 wt .-%, about 70 wt .-% or about 80 wt .-%, with even higher levels of, for example, more than 90 wt. % are particularly preferred.
  • the entire system for controlling solubility is paraffin wax.
  • paraffin waxes have the advantage over the other natural waxes mentioned that they do not undergo hydrolysis in an alkaline environment (as is to be expected, for example, with wax esters), since paraffin wax contains no hydrolyzable groups.
  • Paraffin waxes consist mainly of alkanes as well as low levels of iso- and cycloalkanes.
  • the content of the paraffin wax used at ambient temperature usually about 10 to about 30 0 C solid alkanes, isoalkanes and cycloalkanes as high as possible.
  • Preferred components for the system for controlling the solubility are also polyalkylene glycols, preferably polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols.
  • H- (O-CH 2 -CH 2 ) n -OH satisfy, where n can assume values between 1 (ethylene glycol) and several thousand.
  • n can assume values between 1 (ethylene glycol) and several thousand.
  • PEG average relative molecular weight
  • the average relative molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol (s) used is preferably between 200 and 36,000, preferably between 200 and 14,000 and particularly preferably between 300 and 12,000.
  • Polypropylene glycols are polymers of propylene glycol which are of the general formula
  • n can assume values between 1 (propylene glycol) and several thousand.
  • n can assume values between 1 (propylene glycol) and several thousand.
  • solubility control system which comprise a nonionic polymer, preferably a poly (alkylene) glycol, preferably a poly (ethylene) glycol and / or a poly (propylene) glycol, where the weight fraction of the poly (ethylene) glycol in the total weight of the solubility control system is preferably between 10 and 90% by weight, more preferably between 30 and 80% by weight and in particular between 50 and 70% by weight.
  • systems for controlling the solubility which are more than 92% by weight, preferably more than 94% by weight, more preferably more than 96% by weight, very preferably more than 98% by weight and in particular 100% %
  • poly (alkylene) glycol preferably poly (ethylene) glycol and / or poly (propylene) glycol, but in particular poly (ethylene) glycol.
  • Systems for controlling the solubility which in addition to poly (ethylene) glycol also contain poly (propylene) glycol, preferably have a ratio of the weight fractions of poly (ethylene) glycol to poly (propylene) glycol between 40: 1 and 1: 2, preferably between 20: 1 and 1: 1, more preferably between 10: 1 and 1, 5: 1 and in particular between 7: 1 and 2: 1.
  • nonionic surfactants which are used alone, but more preferably in combination with a nonionic polymer.
  • Detailed information on the usable Nonionic surfactants can be found in the context of the description of washing or treatment-active substances.
  • Another class of compounds that is preferred for use in the solubility control system are the sugars, sugar acids, and sugar alcohols.
  • the monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides and derivatives and mixtures thereof are preferably used. Particularly preferably glucose, fructose, ribonucleic se, maltose, lactose, sucrose, maltodextrin and isomalt are ® and mixtures of two, three, four or more mono- and / or di-saccharides and / or derivatives of mono- and / or di-saccharides ,
  • sugar acids can be used alone or in combination with other substances such as the above-mentioned sugars as part of a preferred liquid release agent.
  • Preferred sugar acids are gluconic acid, galactonic acid, mannonic acid, fructonic acid, arabinonic acid, xylonic acid, ribonic acid, and 2-deoxyribonic acid and derivatives thereof.
  • derivatives of the sugar acids, sugars and / or sugar derivatives or alone are used compounds from the group of the sugar alcohols, preferably mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, dulcitol and arabitol.
  • Suitable polyhydric alcohols as components of the solubility control system are compounds having at least two hydroxyl groups. The physical state of these compounds at room temperature (20 0 C) is fixed.
  • Particularly suitable polyhydric alcohols are, for example, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and the "sugar alcohols", ie the polyhydroxy compounds formed from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group.
  • sucrose alcohols ie the polyhydroxy compounds formed from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group.
  • particularly suitable sugar alcohols are, for. B. Threit u.
  • Erythritol Erythritol, adonite (ribitol), arabitol (formerly: lyxite) and xylitol, dulcitol (galactitol), mannitol and sorbitol (glucitol), the latter also being referred to as sorbitol.
  • polyurethanes are polyadducts of at least two different monomer types, a di- or polyisocyanate (A) and a compound (B) having at least 2 active hydrogen atoms per molecule
  • A di- or polyisocyanate
  • B compound having at least 2 active hydrogen atoms per molecule
  • the polyurethanes used as solution or suspension or dispersion are obtained from reaction mixtures in which at least one diisocyanate and at least one polyethylene glycol and / or at least one polypropylene glycol are present.
  • reaction mixtures may contain further polyisocyanates.
  • a content of the reaction mixtures - and thus of the polyurethanes - on other diols, triols, diamines, triamines, polyetherols and polyesterols is possible.
  • the compounds having more than 2 active hydrogen atoms are usually used only in small amounts in combination with a large excess of compounds having 2 active hydrogen atoms.
  • the polyurethanes contain diisocyanates as monomer unit.
  • the diisocyanates used are predominantly hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 4,4'-methylene di (phenyl isocyanate) and in particular isophorone diisocyanate.
  • the polyurethanes furthermore contain diols as the monomer component, these diols originating at least partially from the group of the polyethylene glycols and / or the polypropylene glycols.
  • the polyurethanes have molecular weights of from 5,000 to 150,000 gmol -1 , preferably from 10,000 to 100,000 gmol -1 and in particular from 20,000 to 50,000 gmol -1 .
  • the system for controlling the solubility of the washing or treating agent preferably comprises one or more components from the group of polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polybutyrates, polyhydric alcohols, sugars, polyurethanes, natural waxes, chemically modified waxes, synthetic waxes, wax alcohols, wax esters, paraffins , Polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylic acids and their derivatives, gelatin and celluloses.
  • Particularly preferred are solubility control systems comprising paraffins and / or polyethylene glycols.
  • suitable components of a system for controlling the solubility of the washing or treating agent portions according to the invention are amorphous silica and potassium silicate.
  • washing or treatment agent portions according to the invention show a higher performance .
  • the active ingredients may be released mainly in the washing cycles of a washing or treatment cycle.
  • the solubility / dispersibility of such agents is preferably controlled via the pH and / or the ionic strength of the wash liquor by means of a (physicochemical switch, so that the respective phase comprising the equipment component and the (physico) chemical switch in the cycles in which little or no detergent or treatment agent in the Water are dissolved, ie in the rinsing cycles, dissolves / dispersed, but in the cycles in which washing or treatment agent is dissolved in significant amounts in the water, not or only to a small extent dissolves / dispersed.
  • an active-containing phase of an inventive washing or treatment agent portion which has a gear component, in a 0.1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH + City water 16 ° d, 20 0 C) and / or of a 1 M saline (saline + City water 16 ° d, 20 °) less than 30 wt .-%, preferably less than 25 wt .-%, preferably less than 20 wt .-% and in particular less than 15 wt .-% of the mass, which is otherwise identical conditions of the active substance-containing phase in water (city water 16 ° d, 20 0 C, without further additives) dissolves / dispersed.
  • a 0.1 M sodium hydroxide NaOH + City water 16 ° d, 20 0 C
  • a 1 M saline saline + City water 16 ° d, 20 °
  • the (physico-) chemical switch comprises one or more component (s) undergoing a change in the physical and / or chemical properties of a change in the electrolyte concentration (the ionic strength) in the washing, treatment or rinsing liquor .
  • the (physicochemical) chemical switch may include one or more components that change when the H + ion concentration (pH) in the wash, treatment or rinse liquor is changed the physical and / or chemical properties learns / experienced.
  • the (physico-) chemical switch causes the washing or treating agent in water, which has a high pH and / or a high ionic strength, a lower solubility / dispersibility, as in water, which has a lower pH Value and / or a lower ionic strength.
  • the (physico-) chemical switch itself has washing, treatment or rinse-active properties.
  • the (physico-) chemical switch preferably contains one or more substances from the group comprising (acidic) cellulose derivatives, in particular cellulose acetate phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose sephthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylhydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose with different degrees of substitution, (acidic ) Poly (meth) acrylates, in particular methacrylic acid-methacrylate copolymer, methacrylic acid-ethyl acrylate copolymer, (acidic) polymers based on vinyl alcohol, in particular polyvinyl acetate phthalate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polystyrene sulfonate, shellac, proteins, basic polymers and / or copolymers , in particular amino groups or aminoalkyl groups, imino groups and / or pyridine groups-containing basic polymers and / or copolymers and in
  • one of the abovementioned (physico-) chemical switches for example a pH-shift-sensitive switch or electrolyte-sensitive switch, is combined with a switch which is subject to temperature control.
  • a switch which is subject to temperature control in particular so-called inverse temperature switches, which can be realized by so-called LCST substances, are preferred.
  • LCST substances are substances that have better solubility at low temperatures than at higher temperatures.
  • the LCST substances are preferably selected from alkylated and / or hydroxyalkylated polysaccharides, cellulose ethers, polyisopropylacrylamide, copolymers of polyisopropylacrylamide and mixtures of one or more of these substances.
  • alkylated and / or hydroxyalkylated polysaccharides are hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), ethyl (hydroxyethyl) cellulose (EHEC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), methylcellulose (MC), ethylcellulose (EC), carboxymethylcellulose ( CMC), carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (CMMC), hydroxybutyl cellulose (HBC), hydroxybutylmethyl cellulose (HBMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose (HECMC), hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose (HEEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxypropyl carboxymethyl cellulose (HPCMC), hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose (HEMC ), Methylhydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC), methylhydroxyethylpropylcellulose (MHEPC) and propylcellulose (PC).
  • HPMC hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
  • LCST substances are cellulose ethers and mixtures of cellulose ethers with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).
  • CMC carboxymethylcellulose
  • Other polymers which exhibit a lower critical demixing temperature in water and which are also suitable are polymers of mono- or di-N-substituted acrylamides with acrylates and / or acrylic acids or mixtures of intertwined networks of the above-mentioned (co-) polymers.
  • polyethylene oxide or copolymers thereof such as ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymers, graft copolymers of alkylated acrylamides with polyethylene oxide, polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and copolymers thereof, polyvinyl methyl ether, certain proteins such as poly (VATGVV), a repeating unit of the natural Protein elastin and certain alginates. Mixtures of these polymers with salts or surfactants can also be used as the LCST substance.
  • a preferred object of the present invention is a dimensionally stable, one-piece detergent or treating agent portion having a mass of at least 50 g, which contains at least 2 active substance-containing phases, which is in at least one component and / or the concentration of at least one component and / or in the color and / or consistency and preferably both are in contact with the environment, wherein at least one of the phases contains a solubility control system which causes the solubility / dispersibility of that phase in water to increase with increasing temperature, and / or wherein at least one of the phases a (physico-) chemical switch, which is preferably sensitive to the pH and / or the ionic strength of the water / alkali contains.
  • the first and / or second active substance-containing phase preferably comprises a base detergent, an enzyme or bleaching composition, at least one finishing component or else combinations of these constituents.
  • Preferred constituents of the first and / or second active substance-containing phase are builders, complexing agents, nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, polymers, bleaching agents, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, enzymes, fragrances, dyes, pH adjusters, foam inhibitors, antiredeposition agents or soil repellent polymers, grayness inhibitors, Fabric softener components, repellents or impregnating agents and antistatic agents, silicones, UV protection substances and optical brighteners. These are described below.
  • the builders include, in particular, the zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic cobuilders and, where there are no ecological prejudices against their use, also the phosphates.
  • crystalline layered silicates of general formula NaMSi x O 2x + I ⁇ y H 2 O wherein M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1, 9 to 22, preferably from 1: 9 to 4, wherein particularly preferred Values for x are 2, 3 or 4, and y is a number from 0 to 33, preferably from 0 to 20.
  • the crystalline layered silicates of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 ⁇ y H 2 O are sold for example by Clariant GmbH (Germany) under the trade name Na-SKS.
  • silicates Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 .xH 2 O, kenyaite), Na-SKS-2 (Na 2 Sh 4 O 29 .xH 2 O, magadiite), Na-SKS -3 (Na 2 Si 8 Oi 7 .xH 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 .xH 2 O, makatite).
  • crystalline layer silicates with the formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 ⁇ y H 2 O, in which x stands for 2 h.
  • x stands for 2 h.
  • both .beta.- and ⁇ -sodium Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ⁇ y H 2 O and further in particular Na-SKS-5 ((X-Na 2 Si 2 O 5), Na SKS-7 (B- Na 2 Si 2 O 5, natrosilite), Na-SKS-9 (NaHSi 2 O 5 ⁇ H 2 O), Na-SKS-10 (NaHSi 2 O 5 ⁇ 3 H 2 O, kanemite), Na-SKS-11 (T-Na 2 Si 2 0 5 ) and Na-SKS-13 (NaHSi 2 O 5 ), but especially Na-SKS-6 (6-Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ) is preferred.
  • amorphous sodium silicates with a Na 2 O: SiO 2 modulus of from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which preferably dissolving are delayed and have secondary washing properties.
  • the dissolution delay compared with conventional amorphous sodium silicates may have been caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / densification or by overdrying.
  • a-morph is understood to mean that the silicates do not yield sharp X-ray reflections typical of crystalline substances in X-ray diffraction experiments, but at best one or more maxima of the scattered X-radiation which has a width of several Have degrees of diffraction angle, cause.
  • X-ray amorphous silicates are used whose silicate particles produce blurred or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline regions of the size of ten to a few hundred nm, with values of up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred.
  • Such X-ray amorphous silicates also have a dissolution delay compared to the conventional water glasses. Particularly preferred are compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous silicates.
  • the alkali metal phosphates are the most important in the detergent and cleaner industry.
  • Alkalimetallphosphate is the summary term for the alkali metal (especially sodium and potassium) salts of various phosphoric acids, in which one can distinguish metaphosphoric acids (HPO 3 ) n and orthophosphoric H 3 PO 4 in addition to high molecular weight representatives.
  • the phosphates combine several advantages: they act as alkali carriers, prevent lime deposits on machine parts or lime incrustations in fabrics and also contribute to the cleaning performance.
  • phosphates are the pentasodium triphosphate, Na 5 P 3 O 10 (sodium tripolyphosphate) and the corresponding potassium salt pentapotassium triphosphate, K 5 P 3 O 10 (potassium tripolyphosphate).
  • the sodium potassium tripolyphosphates are also preferably used according to the invention.
  • alkali carriers examples include alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogencarbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, the cited alkali metal silicates, alkali metal silicates, and mixtures of the abovementioned substances, preference being given to using alkali metal carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate for the purposes of this invention.
  • alkali metal carbonates in particular sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate for the purposes of this invention.
  • a builder system comprising a mixture of tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate.
  • a builder system comprising a mixture of tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate and sodium disilicate.
  • organic co-builders are polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, polyacetals, dextrins, further organic cobuilders (see below) and phosphonates. These classes of substances are described below.
  • Useful organic builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of the free acid and / or their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids meaning those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function. These are, for example, citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), if such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these.
  • the free acids also typically have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH of detergents or cleaners.
  • citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any desired mixtures of these can be mentioned here.
  • polymeric polycarboxylates for example the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or of polymethacrylic acid, for example those having a relative molecular mass of from 500 to 70,000 g / mol.
  • the molecular weights stated for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M w of the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used.
  • GPC gel permeation chromatography
  • the measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship with the polymers investigated.
  • These data differ significantly from the molecular weight data, in which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard.
  • the against polystyrenesulfonic acids measured molar masses are generally much higher than the molecular weights specified in this document.
  • Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates, which have molar masses of from 2000 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 3000 to 5000 g / mol, may again be preferred from this group.
  • copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
  • Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable.
  • Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids is generally from 2000 to 70000 g / mol, preferably from 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular from 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
  • the polymers may also contain allylsulfonic acids such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid as a monomer.
  • biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units for example those which contain as monomers salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or as monomers salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives ,
  • copolymers are those which have as their monomers acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate.
  • polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids their salts or their precursors. Particular preference is given to polyaspartic acids or their salts.
  • polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 C atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
  • Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glycolysis, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.
  • dextrins for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches. NEN.
  • the hydrolysis can be carried out by customary, for example acid or enzyme catalyzed processes.
  • it is hydrolysis products having average molecular weights in the range of 400 to 500,000 g / mol.
  • a polysaccharide with a dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30 is preferred, DE being a common measure of the reducing action of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose, which has a DE of 100 , is.
  • DE dextrose equivalent
  • oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function.
  • Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates are also suitable co-builders.
  • Ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) is preferably used in form of its sodium or magnesium salts.
  • glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates are also preferred.
  • organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may optionally also be present in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups.
  • nonionic surfactants it is possible to use all nonionic surfactants known to the person skilled in the art. Low-foaming nonionic surfactants are used as preferred surfactants. With particular preference, washing or treating agents contain nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols.
  • the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol in which the alcohol residue is linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position may be or contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, Taigfetto- or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 moles of EO per mole of alcohol are preferred.
  • suitable ethoxylated alcohols include C 12 -i 4 -alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9 .
  • n-Alcohol with 7 EO Ci 3 _i 5 -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, Ci 2 -i 8 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C 12 -i 4 alcohol containing 3 EO and C 2-18 alcohol with 5 EO.
  • the stated degrees of ethoxylation represent statistical averages, which may correspond to a particular product of an integer or a fractional number.
  • Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow rank ethoxylates, NRE).
  • NRE narrow rank ethoxylates
  • nonionic surfactants and alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x can be used in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, especially methyl-branched in the 2-position aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose.
  • the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1, 2 to 1, 4.
  • nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
  • the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half thereof.
  • surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula
  • R is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
  • R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.
  • the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which are usually prepared by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine min or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride can be obtained.
  • the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula
  • R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
  • R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
  • Ci_ 4 alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred
  • [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted with at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propylated derivatives of this residue.
  • [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.
  • Nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols particularly preferably from the group of mixed alkoxylated alcohols and in particular from the group of EO / AO / EO nonionic surfactants, or the PO / AO / PO nonionic surfactants, especially the PO / EO / PO nonionic surfactants are particularly preferred.
  • Such PO / EO / PO nonionic surfactants are characterized by good foam control.
  • anionic surfactants for example, those of the sulfonate type and sulfates are used.
  • surfactants of the sulfonate type preferably come here C 9 -i 3 -alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as they are, for example, from C 12 -i 8 monoolefins with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation obtained.
  • alkanesulfonates from C 12 -i 8 alkanes for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation followed by Hydrolysis or neutralization can be recovered.
  • esters of ⁇ -sulfo fatty acids for example, the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or Taigfettcicren are suitable.
  • sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters.
  • Fatty acid glycerol esters are the mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof, as obtained in the preparation by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol become.
  • Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.
  • Alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and especially the sodium salts of the Schwefelhoffreraumester C 2 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol, or C 0 -C 2 o-oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
  • Ci 2 -Ci 6 alkyl sulfates and Ci 2 -Ci 5 alkyl sulfates and Ci 4 -Ci 5 alkyl sulfates are preferred.
  • 2,3-alkyl sulfates which can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ®, are suitable anionic surfactants.
  • sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C 7 ethoxylated with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide are suitable.
  • 2 i-alcohols such as 2-methyl-branched C 9 n-alcohols having an average of 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 . 18 fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • alcohols preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C 8 -i 8 - fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these.
  • Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which by themselves are nonionic surfactants.
  • Sulfosuccinates whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred.
  • alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.
  • anionic surfactants are particularly soaps into consideration. Suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
  • the anionic surfactants including the soaps, may be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • the anionic surfactants are preferably present in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
  • the group of polymers includes, in particular, the washing or treatment-active polymers and / or polymers which act as softeners.
  • cationic, anionic and amphoteric polymers can be used in detergents or treatment agents in addition to nonionic polymers.
  • “Cationic polymers” in the meaning of the present invention are polymers which carry a positive charge in the polymer molecule, which can be realized, for example, by (alkyl) ammonium groups or other positively charged groups present in the polymer chain quaternized cellulose derivatives, the polysiloxanes with quaternary groups, the cationic guar derivatives, the polymeric dimethyldiallylammonium salts and their copolymers with esters and amides of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, the copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with quaternized derivatives of dialkylamino acrylate and methacrylate, the Vinylpyrrolidone-methoimidazolinium chloride copolymers, the quaternized polyvinyl alcohols or the polymers specified under the INCI names Polyquaternium 2, Polyquaternium 17, Polyquaternium 18 and Polyquaternium 27.
  • amphoteric polymers also have, in addition to a positively charged group in the polymer chain, also negatively charged groups or monomer units. These groups may, for example, be carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids.
  • the bleaching agents are a particularly preferred washing or treatment-active substance.
  • sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate hydrate have special meaning.
  • Other useful bleaching agents are, for example, peroxypyrrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O 2 -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperacid or diperdodecanedioic acid. re.
  • bleaching agents from the group of organic bleaching agents can also be used.
  • Typical organic bleaches are the diacyl peroxides such as dibenzoyl peroxide.
  • peroxyacids examples of which include the alkyl peroxyacids and the aryl peroxyacids.
  • Preferred representatives are (a) the peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, ⁇ -phthalimidoperacycaproic acid [phthaliminoperoxyhexanoic acid (PAP)], o-carboxybenzamidoperoxycaproic acid, N-nonenylamidoperadipic acid and N-nonenylamidopersuccinates, and (c) aliphatic and araliphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1,12-diperoxycarboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxya
  • bleaching agent and chlorine or bromine releasing substances can be used.
  • suitable chlorine or bromine-releasing materials are heterocyclic N-bromo and N-chloroamides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tribromoisocyanuric acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium.
  • DICA dichloroisocyanuric acid
  • Hydantoin compounds such as 1, 3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydanthoin are also suitable.
  • Bleach activators are used in detergents or treating agents, for example, to achieve an improved bleaching effect at temperatures of 60 ° C. and below.
  • As bleach activators it is possible to use compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid.
  • Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the stated C atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
  • polyacylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2, 5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran, n-methyl-morpholinium
  • bleach activators which are preferably used in the context of the present invention are compounds from the group of cationic nitriles, in particular cationic nitriles of the formula
  • R 1 is -H, -CH 3, a C 2 - 24 alkyl or alkenyl group, a substituted C 2-24 -alkyl or -alkenyl radical having at least one substituent from the group -Cl, -Br, - OH, -NH 2 , -CN, an alkyl or alkenylaryl radical having a Ci_ 24 alkyl group, or represents a substituted alkyl or alkenylaryl radical having a Ci_ 24 alkyl group and at least one further substituent on the aromatic ring
  • R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from -CH 2 -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH (CH 3 ) -CH 3 , -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH 2 - CH 2 -CH 2 -OH,
  • bleach catalysts can also be used.
  • These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as, for example, Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo saline complexes or carbonyl complexes.
  • Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands and Co, Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes can also be used as bleach catalysts.
  • Bleach-enhancing transition metal complexes in particular with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, preferably selected from the group of manganese and / or Cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably the cobalt (ammine) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese, manganese sulfate are used in conventional amounts.
  • complexes of manganese in the oxidation state II, IM, IV or IV which preferably contain one or more macrocyclic ligand (s) with the donor functions N, NR, PR, O and / or S.
  • ligands are used which have nitrogen donor functions.
  • bleach catalyst (s) in the compositions of the invention, which as macromolecular ligands 1, 4,7-trimethyl-1, 4,7-triazacyclononan (Me-TACN), 1, 4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN ), 1, 5,9-trimethyl-1, 5,9-triazacyclododecane (Me-TACD), 2-methyl-1, 4,7-trimethyl-1, 4,7-triazacyclononane (Me / Me-TACN) and or 2-methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Me / TACN).
  • macromolecular ligands 1, 4,7-trimethyl-1, 4,7-triazacyclononan (Me-TACN), 1, 4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN ), 1, 5,9-trimethyl-1, 5,9-triazacyclododecane (Me-TACD), 2-methyl-1, 4,7-trimethyl-1, 4,7-triazacyclononane (Me / Me-TACN)
  • Enzymes can be used to increase the washing performance of detergents or treatment agents. These include in particular proteases, amylases, lipases, hemicellulases, cellulases or oxidoreductases, and preferably mixtures thereof. These enzymes are basically of natural origin; Starting from the natural molecules, improved variants are available for use in detergents or treatment agents, which are preferably used accordingly.
  • subtilisins those of the subtilisin type are preferable.
  • subtilisins BPN 'and Carlsberg and their further developed forms the protease PB92, the subtilisins 147 and 309, the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus, subtilisin DY and the subtilases, but not the subtilisins in the enzymes, thermase, proteinase K and the proteases TW3 and TW7.
  • amylases examples include the ⁇ -amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, from B. amyloliquefaciens, from B. stearothermophilus, from Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae, as well as the further developments of the aforementioned amylases which are improved for use in detergents or treating agents. Furthermore, for this purpose, the ⁇ -amylase from Bacillus sp. A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and the cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from B. agaradherens (DSM 9948).
  • lipases or cutinases in particular because of their triglyceride-splitting activities, but also in order to generate in situ peracids from suitable precursors.
  • suitable precursors include, for example, the lipases originally obtainable from Humicola lanuginosa (Thermomyces lanu- ginosus) or further developed, in particular those with the amino acid exchange D96L.
  • the cutinases can be used, which were originally isolated from Fusa ⁇ um solani pisi and Humicola insolens. It is also possible to use lipases, or cutinases, whose initial enzymes were originally isolated from Pseudomonas mendocina and Fusarium solanii.
  • Oxidoreductases for example oxidases, oxygenases, catalases, peroxidases, such as halo, chloro, bromo, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, dioxygenases or laccases (phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases) can be used to increase the bleaching effect.
  • peroxidases such as halo, chloro, bromo, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, dioxygenases or laccases
  • phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases can be used to increase the bleaching effect.
  • organic, particularly preferably aromatic, compounds which interact with the enzymes in order to enhance the activity of the relevant oxidoreductases (enhancers) or to ensure the flow of electrons (mediators) at greatly varying redox potentials between the oxidizing enzymes and the soils.
  • the enzymes can be used in any form known in the art. These include, for example, the solid preparations obtained by granulation, extrusion or lyophilization or, especially in the case of liquid or gel-form detergents, solutions of the enzymes, advantageously as concentrated as possible, sparing in water and / or added with stabilizers.
  • the enzymes may be encapsulated for both the solid and liquid dosage forms, for example by spray-drying or extruding the enzyme solution together with a preferably natural polymer or in the form of capsules, for example those in which the enzymes are entrapped as in a solidified gel or in those of the core-shell type, in which an enzyme-containing core is coated with a water, air and / or chemical impermeable protective layer.
  • additional active ingredients for example stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleach or dyes are applied.
  • Such capsules are applied by methods known per se, for example by shaking or rolling granulation or in fluid-bed processes.
  • such granules for example by applying polymeric film-forming agent, low in dust and storage stable due to the coating.
  • a protein and / or enzyme may be particularly protected during storage against damage such as inactivation, denaturation or degradation, such as by physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage.
  • damage such as inactivation, denaturation or degradation, such as by physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage.
  • inhibition of proteolysis is particularly preferred, especially if the agents also contain proteases. Washing or treating agents may contain stabilizers for this purpose.
  • perfume oils or perfumes within the scope of the present invention, individual fragrance compounds, e.g. the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon types are used. Preferably, however, mixtures of different fragrances are used, which together produce an attractive fragrance.
  • perfume oils may also contain natural fragrance mixtures such as are available from vegetable sources, e.g. Pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouly, rose or ylang-ylang oil.
  • a fragrance In order to be perceptible, a fragrance must be volatile, whereby besides the nature of the functional groups and the structure of the chemical compound, the molecular weight also plays an important role. For example, most odorants have molecular weights up to about 200 daltons, while molecular weights of 300 daltons and above are more of an exception. Due to the different volatility of fragrances, the smell of a perfume or fragrance composed of several fragrances changes during evaporation, whereby the odor impressions in "top note”, “middle note” or “body note” ) and “base note” (end note or dry out).
  • the top note of a perfume or fragrance does not consist solely of volatile compounds, while the base note consists for the most part of less volatile, ie adherent fragrances.
  • the base note consists for the most part of less volatile, ie adherent fragrances.
  • more volatile fragrances can be bound to certain fixatives, preventing them from evaporating too quickly.
  • odor impression and whether the corresponding fragrance is perceived as the head or middle note nothing said.
  • the fragrances can be processed directly, but it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances on carriers that provide a slower fragrance release for long-lasting fragrance.
  • carrier materials for example, cyclodextrins have been proven, the cyclodextrin-perfume complexes can be additionally coated with other excipients.
  • the colorants When choosing the colorant, it must be taken into account that the colorants have a high storage stability and insensitivity to light as well as not too high an affinity for textile surfaces and, in particular, for synthetic fibers. At the same time, it should also be taken into account when choosing suitable colorants that colorants have different stabilities to the oxidation. In general, water-insoluble colorants are more stable to oxidation than water-soluble colorants. Depending on the solubility and thus also on the sensitivity to oxidation, the concentration of the colorant in the washing or treating agents varies. In the case of readily water-soluble colorants, colorant concentrations in the range of a few 10 -2 to 10 -3 wt.% Are typically selected. In the due to their brilliance, particularly preferred, but are less readily water-soluble pigment dyestuffs, however, the appropriate concentration of the colorant is in washing or treatment agents, typically a few 10 ⁇ 3 to 10 ⁇ 4 wt .-%.
  • Dyeing agents which can be oxidatively destroyed in the washing process and mixtures thereof with suitable blue dyes, so-called blue toners, are preferred. It has proven to be advantageous to use colorants which are soluble in water or at room temperature in liquid organic substances. Suitable examples are anionic colorants, for example anionic nitrosofarbstoffe.
  • pH adjusters In order to bring the pH of detergents or treatment agents into the desired range, the use of pH adjusters may be indicated. Can be used here are all known acids or alkalis, unless their use is not for technical application or environmental reasons or for reasons of consumer protection prohibited. Usually, the amount of these adjusting agents does not exceed 1% by weight of the total formulation.
  • Suitable foam inhibitors are, inter alia, soaps, oils, fats, paraffins or silicone oils, which may optionally be applied to support materials.
  • Suitable carrier materials are, for example, inorganic salts such as carbonates or sulfates, cellulose derivatives or silicates and mixtures of the abovementioned materials.
  • Preferred agents include paraffins, preferably unbranched paraffins (n-paraffins) and / or silicones, preferably linear-polymeric silicones, which are constructed according to the scheme (R 2 SiO) x and are also referred to as silicone oils. These silicone oils are usually clear, colorless, neutral, odorless, hydrophobic liquids having a molecular weight between 1,000 and 150,000 and viscosities between 10 and 1,000,000 mPa.s.
  • Suitable anti-redeposition agents which are also referred to as soil repellents, are, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether and the known from the prior art polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionic modified derivatives thereof. Particularly preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic and terephthalic acid polymers.
  • Grayness inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being rebuilt.
  • Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this purpose, for example the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether sulfonic acids or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
  • water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are suitable for this purpose.
  • soluble starch preparations and other than the above-mentioned starch products can be used, e.g. degraded starch, aldehyde levels, etc. Also polyvinylpyrrolidone is useful.
  • graying inhibitors are cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose (Na salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof.
  • cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose (Na salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof.
  • synthetic anti-crease agents can be used. These include, for example, synthetic products based on fatty acids, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, alkylol esters, -alkylolamides or fatty alcohols, which are usually reacted with ethylene oxide, or products based on lecithin or modified phosphoric acid ester.
  • antimicrobial agents can also be used in the portion of a washing or treatment agent portion, which is not intended to care for the automatic washing machine.
  • Suitable antimicrobial agents are preferably selected from the groups of the alcohols, amines, aldehydes, antimicrobial acids or their salts, carboxylic acid esters, acid amides , Phenols, phenol derivatives, diphenyls, diphenylalkanes, urea derivatives, oxygen, nitrogen acetals and formals, benzamidines, isothiazolines, phthalimide derivatives, pyridine derivatives, antimicrobial surface-active compounds, guanidines, antimicrobial amphoteric compounds, quinolines, 1, 2-dibromo-2 , 4-dicyanobutane, iodo-2-propynyl-butyl-carbamate, iodine, iodophores, peroxo compounds, halogen compounds and any mixtures of the group of the alcohols, amines, aldehydes, antimicrobial acids or their salts, carboxylic acid esters, acid amides , Pheno
  • the antimicrobial active ingredient is selected from ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, 1,3-butanediol, phenoxyethanol, 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol, undecylenic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, dihydracetic acid, o-phenylphenol, N-methylmorpholine-acetonitrile (MMA), 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 2,2'-methylenebis (6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 4,4'-dichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (dichlosan) , 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (trichloro), chlorhexidine, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N- (3,4-dichlorophenyl) -urea, N, N '- (1, 10-decanediyldi-1-pyridinyl-4-y
  • Quaternary ammonium compounds (QAV) suitable as antimicrobial agents have the general formula (R 1 ) (R 2 ) (R 3 ) (R 4 ) N + X - , in which R 1 to R 4 are identical or different C 22 -alkyl radicals, C 7 -C 28 -aralkyl radicals, or heterocyclic radicals, or in the case of an aromatic compound such as pyridine-even three groups together with the nitrogen atom forming the heterocycle, for example a pyridinium or imidazolinium form, and X ⁇ Halide ions, sulfate ions, hydroxide ions or similar anions.
  • at least one of the radicals has a chain length of 8 to 18, in particular 12 to 16, carbon atoms.
  • QACs are prepared by reacting tertiary amines with alkylating agents, e.g. Methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide produced.
  • alkylating agents e.g. Methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide produced.
  • alkylating agents e.g. Methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide produced.
  • alkylating agents e.g. Methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but also ethylene oxide produced.
  • alkylating agents e.g. Methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecy
  • Suitable QAVs are, for example, benzalkonium chloride (N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylbenzylammonium chloride, CAS No. 8001-54-5), benzalkone B (m, p-dichlorobenzyl-dimethyl-C 12 -alkylammonium chloride, CAS No. 58390-78-6), benzoxonium chloride (benzyldodecylbis (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium chloride), cetrimonium bromide (N-hexadecyl-N, N-trimethylammonium bromide, CAS No.
  • benzetonium chloride N, N-dimethyl-N- [2- [2- [p- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -phenoxy] ethoxy] ethyl] benzylammonium chloride, CAS no. 121-54-0
  • dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides such as di-n-decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (CAS No. 7173-51-5-5), didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (CAS No. 2390-68-3), dioctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 1-cetyl pyridinium chloride (CAS No. 123-03-5) and thiazoline iodide (CAS No.
  • QUATS are the benzalkonium chlorides containing C 8 -C 18 - alkyl radicals, in particular C ⁇ -C -Aklylbenzyldimethyl M ammonium chloride.
  • bleaching compounds are bleaching compounds. These have already been described in advance.
  • the first and / or the second active-substance-containing phase comprises a machine care provider.
  • the machine operator comprises care components and / or antimicrobial agents.
  • antimicrobial agents are understood here as meaning both those substances which kill microorganisms, for example bactericides and fungicides, ie also those which inhibit only the vegetation of the microorganisms, for example bacteriostats and fungistatics.
  • the machine care provider contains a combination of at least one care component and at least one antimicrobial component.
  • “Nursing component” in the sense of the present invention means that this component has water-softening and / or scale-dissolving properties and / or maintains metal, for example stainless steel, and / or rubber, for example gaskets and hoses, for example solvents such as isopropanol or ethanol for the removal of greasy soils, nonionic or anionic surfactants, which have already been mentioned, complexing agents such as thiourea and sodium thiosulfate, as well as silicone compounds and fine polishing bodies and the components known to those skilled in the art by the term "silver corrosion inhibitors".
  • Suitable water softeners are all substances known from the prior art which are capable of complexing Ca ions.
  • Descaler are substances that are capable of dissolving limescale deposits and preferably to keep them in solution.
  • compositions may contain antioxidants.
  • This class of compounds includes, for example, substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechols and aromatic amines, as well as organic sulfides, polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, phosphites and phosphonates.
  • UV protective substances which are applied to the treated textiles and improve the light resistance of the fibers.
  • Compounds which have these desired properties are, for example, the compounds which are active by radiationless deactivation and derivatives of benzophenone having substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position.
  • substituted benzotriazoles phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives) in the 3-position, optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes and natural substances such as umbelliferone and the endogenous urocanic acid.
  • cationic active substances for example, cationic compounds of the following formulas can be used:
  • each R 1 group is independently selected from CI_ 6 alkyl, alkenyl or
  • each R is independently selected from C 8-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups;
  • R 3 R 1 or (CH 2 ) n -TR 2 ;
  • R 4 R 1 or R 2 or (CH 2 ) n -TR 2 ;
  • T -CH 2 -, - O-CO- or -CO-O- and n is an integer from 0 to 5.
  • Textile softening compounds can be used to care for the textiles and to improve the textile properties such as a softer feel and reduced electrostatic charge (increased wearing comfort)
  • the active ingredients of these formulations are quaternary ammonium compounds having two hydrophobic radicals, such as the disteraryldimethylammonium chloride, however because of its insufficient biodegradability, it is increasingly being replaced by quaternary ammonium compounds which contain ester groups as biodegradation breakpoints in their hydrophobic residues
  • esterquats having improved biodegradability are obtainable, for example, by mixing mixtures of methyldiethanolamine and / or triethanolamine with fatty acids esterified and the reaction products are then quaternized in a manner known per se with alkylating agents, dimethylolethyleneurea being also suitable as a finish ,
  • Phobic and impregnation processes are used to furnish textiles with substances that prevent the deposition of dirt or facilitate its leaching ability.
  • Preferred repellents and impregnating agents are perfluorinated fatty acids, also in the form of their aluminum and zirconium salts, organic silicates, silicones, polyacrylic acid esters with perfluorinated alcohol component or polymerizable compounds coupled with perfluorinated acyl or sulfonyl radical.
  • the penetration of the impregnating agent in the form of solutions or emulsions of the active substances in question can be facilitated by adding wetting agents which reduce the surface tension.
  • a further field of application of repellents and impregnating agents is the water-repellent finish of textiles, in which, in contrast to waterproofing, the fabric pores are not closed, thus the fabric remains breathable (hydrophobing).
  • the water repellents used for hydrophobizing coat the Textiles with a very thin layer of hydrophobic groups, such as longer alkyl chains or siloxane groups. Suitable water repellents are, for example, paraffins, waxes, metal soaps, etc.
  • hydrophobized materials do not feel greasy; nevertheless, similar to greasy substances, water droplets emit from them without moistening.
  • silicone-impregnated textiles have a soft feel and are water and dirt repellent; Stains from ink, wine, fruit juices and the like are easier to remove.
  • Antistatic agents increase the surface conductivity and thus allow an improved drainage of formed charges.
  • External antistatic agents are generally substances with at least one hydrophilic molecule ligand and give a more or less hygroscopic film on the surfaces. These mostly surface-active antistatic agents can be subdivided into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid esters) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents.
  • Lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides are likewise suitable as antistatics for textiles or as an additive to detergents or treatment agents, wherein a softening effect is additionally achieved.
  • Silicone derivatives can be used to improve the water absorbency, rewettability of the treated fabrics, and ease of ironing the treated fabrics. These additionally improve the rinsing out of detergents or treatment agents by their foam-inhibiting properties.
  • Preferred silicone derivatives are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylaryl siloxanes in which the alkyl groups have one to five carbon atoms and are completely or partially fluorinated.
  • Preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes, which may optionally be derivatized and are then amino-functional or quaternized or have Si-OH, Si-H and / or Si-Cl bonds.
  • Further preferred silicones are the polyalkylene oxide-modified polysiloxanes, ie polysiloxanes which comprise, for example, polyethylene glycols and the polyalkylene oxide-modified dimethylpolysiloxanes.
  • UV protective substances which are applied to the treated textiles and improve the light resistance of the fibers.
  • Compounds which have these desired properties are, for example, the compounds which are active by radiationless deactivation and derivatives of benzophenone having substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position. Also substituted are benzotriazoles, in the 3-position phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives), optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes and natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanic acid.
  • Optical brighteners may be added to the laundry or treating agents to eliminate graying and yellowing of the treated fabrics, which will attract the fiber and cause lightening and fake bleaching by turning invisible ultraviolet radiation into visible longer wavelength convert light, wherein the absorbed from sunlight ultraviolet light is radiated as a pale blue fluorescence and the yellow shade of the grayed or yellowed laundry pure white.
  • Suitable compounds originate for example from the substance classes of the 4,4 'diamino-2,2' stilbenedisulfonic acids (flavonic), 4,4'-biphenylene -Distyryl, Methylumbel- liferone, derivatives coumarins, dihydroquinolinones, 1, 3-diaryl pyrazolines, naphthalimides, benzoxazole, benzisoxazole and benzimidazole systems, and the heterocyclic substituted pyrene.
  • fluor 4,4 'diamino-2,2' stilbenedisulfonic acids
  • 4,4'-biphenylene -Distyryl Methylumbel- liferone
  • derivatives coumarins dihydroquinolinones
  • 1, 3-diaryl pyrazolines 1, 3-diaryl pyrazolines
  • naphthalimides benzoxazole, benzisoxazole and benzimidazole systems
  • the washing or treating agent portion a) according to the invention preferably has a first active-substance-containing phase which
  • a solubility control system From 30 to 70% by weight, preferably from 35 to 65% by weight of a solubility control system, and b) a second active-containing phase containing an additive component for a base detergent, preferably an enzyme, bleach or finishing component for textiles , on.
  • a base detergent preferably an enzyme, bleach or finishing component for textiles
  • the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention preferably comprises a first active substance-containing phase having a mass of from 40 to 1490 g, preferably from 70 to 1250 g, particularly preferably from 90 to 1000 g, more preferably from 185 to 750 g and in particular from 280 to 650 g and / or a second active substance-containing phase having a mass of 1 to 500 g, preferably from 5 to 350 g and in particular from 10 to 200 g.
  • the volume ratio of the first and the second active substance-containing phase is with preference from 200: 1 to 1: 1, preferably from 150: 1 to 2: 1, particularly preferably from 100: 1 to 3: 1 and in particular from 50: 1 to 4: 1.
  • the first active substance-containing phase has a greater mass and / or a larger volume than the second active substance-containing phase.
  • the washing or treating agent portion preferably contains a active substance-containing core which has a composition which deviates from the composition of the first and / or second active-substance-containing phase.
  • a preferred subject matter of the present invention is a dimensionally stable, one-part washing or treating agent portion having a mass of at least 50 g, comprising at least 2 active substance-containing phases which are present in at least one constituent and / or the concentration of at least one constituent in / or in the color and / or in the consistency of one another, and a active substance-containing core, which preferably contains a machine care worker.
  • the machine care worker preferably comprises a combination of at least one caring component and at least one antimicrobial component.
  • active substance-containing phases located outside the core are referred to as “active-substance-containing coating layer (s)" or “active substance-containing layer (s)”.
  • sterilization of the automatic washing machine can be counteracted and / or the interior of the automatic washing machine can be maintained by releasing a disinfecting / nourishing substance after a number (n) of washing or treatment cycles in a further (n + 1st) washing or treatment cycle ,
  • the washing or treating agent portion contains a active substance-containing core comprising a machine care agent, which only comes into contact with the environment after dissolving / dispersing the active substance-containing coating layer.
  • the core may contain other washing or treatment-active substances in addition to the machine care provider, so that textiles are also washed and / or treated in the last washing or treatment cycle with the washing or treatment agent portion according to the invention in which the machine care provider is released can be.
  • the machine care agent may also be contained in a active substance-containing coating layer located outside the first and second active-substance-containing phase according to the invention and in this way be liberated before dissolving / dispersing the first and second active substance-containing phase.
  • the automatic washing machine is maintained / disinfected in the first washing or treatment cycle, which is carried out with the washing or treatment agent portion according to the invention.
  • the washing or treating agent for the textiles is first applied to the first washing or treatment course following washing or treatment courses released.
  • the active substance-containing coating layer contains a washing or treating agent and additionally a machine care, so that even in the first washing or treatment aisle, in which the washing or treatment agent portion of the invention is used, textiles washed and / or treated can be.
  • the active substance-containing core of the washing or treating agent portion comprises a machine guard, which only after dissolving / dispersing the active substance-containing shell layer - comprising the first and the second active substance-containing phase - comes into contact with the environment and which preferably water-softening substances and / or stainless steel care and / or Care substances for elastic parts and / or active substances from the group of substances which kill microorganisms or inhibit their vegetation. Suitable caring and anti-microbial components have already been listed in advance.
  • the first and / or the second active-substance-containing phase are present in the portion within a plurality of active-substance-containing layers.
  • both the first and second active agent-containing phases are always in contact with the environment, i. the water or the washing, treatment or rinsing, is in contact, the active substance-containing layers are formed with preference from the first and the second and optionally further phases, i.
  • the first and second active agent-containing phases are not alternately arranged in separate layers within the detergent or treating agent portion, but in each layer are preferably always both compositions containing the first and the second active-containing phase.
  • the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention has at least two, preferably between 3 and 20 and in particular 4 to 15 layers which, when used in an automatic washing machine, are dissolved / dispersed essentially successively, from outside to inside become. It is particularly preferred if, per washing or treatment cycle, at most one, preferably one of the layers of the washing or treating agent is consumed.
  • the layers in total have substantially the same composition. If a layer of the portion is always dissolved / dispersed in several washing or treatment courses, the same active ingredients are preferably always released in the same quantitative ratio and preferably in a comparable amount.
  • the individual layers differ in composition. It is preferred, for example, for the layers to have different colors, so that the consumer can be informed on the basis of the color change of the washing or portion of action agent can understand the stratification. Also preferred is the packaging of the individual layers with different perfumes, which causes the textiles washed or treated in separate washing or treatment courses to have a different fragrance.
  • the separation of different fragrance compositions as well as the controlled resolution maximum one, preferably exactly one layer and thus the targeted release of a defined amount of active material can be achieved, for example, that between the individual active substance-containing layers barrier layers exist, which preferably have a lower water solubility / Wasserdispergierein than that active-containing layers.
  • barrier layers Suitable materials for these barrier layers have already been listed under the terms "solubility control system” and "(physical) chemical switch”. To avoid repetition, please refer to the corresponding text passages.
  • barrier layers which dissolve / disperse predominantly in the heated water and thus in the actual washing or treatment cycle are preferred, as well as those which are dissolved predominantly in the rinsing cycle due to the lower ionic strength and / or the lower pH. be dispersed.
  • the washing or treatment agent portion comprises a plurality of active substance-containing layers containing active substances which are released in the actual washing or treatment cycle, which is carried out with heated water.
  • active agents are base detergents, bleaches and enzyme compositions.
  • Barrier layers with a (physicochemical) chemical switch which provides high solubility / dispersibility at low ionic strength and / or low pH, allow an active-material-containing layer applied outside the barrier layer to be carried out in a wash cycle treated with heated water is dissolved / dispersed and thus consumed, the barrier layer remains intact during the washing or treatment cycle due to the high ionic strength and / or the high pH.
  • the barrier layer dissolves / disperses in the subsequent rinse cycle, which is carried out with cold water and in which the ionic strength of the liquor is lowered and / or the pH is reduced, thus allowing the contact located below the barrier layer active substance-containing layer with the water.
  • this layer is provided with a solubility control system which provides high solubility / dispersibility at high temperature and low solubility / dispersibility at low temperature, the active material contained in that layer will not be heated until the next cycle, in which heated water is used, released.
  • Barrier layers which have a temperature-dependent solubility / dispersibility are preferably used in washing or treating agent portions according to the invention which have a plurality of active substance-containing layers but whose active substances are to be released in the rinse and which preferably contain a (physico-) chemical switch.
  • suitable active substances are the substances mentioned in advance under the term "equipment components".
  • Barrier layers having a solubility control system which provides a significantly higher temperature solubility / dispersibility enable an active-ingredient containing layer applied outside the barrier layer to be in a rinse cycle, that of cold water preferably at low ionic strength and / or low pH is performed, dissolved / disperse and so consumed, however, the barrier remains intact during the purging cycle due to the low temperature.
  • the barrier layer dissolves or disperses in the subsequent washing or treatment cycle, which is carried out with heated water, thus allowing the contact of the active substance-containing layer below the barrier layer with the water. If this layer again has a higher solubility / dispersibility in a rinsing cycle than in a washing or treatment cycle, then the active substance contained in this layer will not be released until the next rinsing cycle.
  • the barrier layers preferably contain polymeric compounds, preferably polycarbonates and in particular (modified) polyacrylates.
  • the barrier layers preferably have a thickness of at most 1, 0 mm, more preferably of at most 0.7 mm and in particular of not more than 0.4 mm.
  • the washing or treating agent portion comprises an active substance-containing phase which contains a system for controlling the solubility, which causes the solubility / dispersibility of this phase increases with increasing temperature, and another phase comprising a (physico) chemical switch, which effects an increased solubility / dispersibility of this phase at low pH and / or low ionic strength of the washing, treatment or rinsing agent, and the washing or treating agent portion has a plurality of active substance-containing layers, which in each case contain both phases and by at least If a barrier layer is present separately from one another, different parts of the barrier layer preferably have different dissolving / dispersing properties as a function of which phase is in contact with the respective barrier layer part.
  • the respective part of the barrier layer in each case has the opposite solubility / dispersibility to the active substance-containing phase with which the part of the barrier layer is in contact.
  • the part of the barrier layer surrounding a base detergent is preferably insoluble in a heated wash liquor, but dissolves or disperses in rinse cycles, which are carried out with clear fresh water.
  • the portion of the barrier layer which surrounds a textile finishing component to be released in the rinse cycle is preferably substantially insoluble in the rinse cycle, but dissolves, or disperses, in washing or conditioning cycles performed with heated water.
  • barrier layer between the active substance-containing core and the adjacent layer which has a lower water solubility / water dispersibility than further barrier layers which are located in the washing or treatment agent portion.
  • the water solubility / water dispersibility of the barrier layers can be controlled, for example, by the degree of crosslinking of the polymers used as the barrier layer component, the choice of substituents of the polymer backbone, and the molecular weight of the polymers.
  • the blocking layer between the active-containing core and the adjacent cladding layer dissolves / preferably dispersed first in an aqueous medium, if this is a temperature of at least 45 ° C, preferably at least 50 0 C, more preferably at least 60 0 C, to preferably at least 75 ° C and in particular of at least 90 0 C.
  • a temperature of at least 45 ° C preferably at least 50 0 C, more preferably at least 60 0 C, to preferably at least 75 ° C and in particular of at least 90 0 C.
  • the barrier layer located between the active substance-containing core and the adjacent enveloping layer can / must be removed manually.
  • the barrier layer between the active substance-containing core and the adjacent active substance-containing layer is colored and thus has an indicator effect. In this way, the consumer can recognize when the active substance-containing layers of the washing or treatment agent portion according to the invention are consumed and thus the active substance-containing core - preferably for the care of the automatic washing machine - used and a corresponding washing or treatment program of the automatic washing machine can be selected.
  • the cladding layers of the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention preferably have a solubility and / or dispersibility gradients, preferably substantially from the center of the portion or the boundary between optionally contained, active substance-containing core and the cladding layer directly adjacent to the core to the surface of the portion (radial).
  • the solubility and / or the dispersibility of the cladding layers of the washing or treatment agent portion according to the invention decreases radially in the direction of the surface.
  • the first active-agent-containing phase comprises pressed material.
  • the first active substance-containing phase preferably consists of compressed material.
  • the pressed material has a radially extending density gradient, wherein the density of the compressed material preferably increases radially in the direction of the surface.
  • the first active-substance-containing phase comprises a cast, preferably melt-poured material.
  • the first active-agent-containing phase consists of cast, preferably of melt-cast material.
  • the cast material has a radially extending solubility and / or dispersibility gradients, wherein the solubility / dispersibility of the first active-containing phase preferably increases radially toward the surface.
  • the second active-containing phase is preferably solid or viscous. If the second active substance-containing phase is viscous, then the washing or treatment agent portion is preferably present within a plurality of active substance-containing layers which are separated from one another by barrier layers.
  • the washing or treating agent portion of the invention comprises a plurality of coating layers which have different solubilities and / or dispersing capabilities, the solubilities and / or dispersing capabilities of these layers preferably decreasing radially towards the surface of the washing or treating agent portion.
  • the cladding layers of a washing or treating agent portion contain different systems for controlling the solubility of the respective layer, preferably containing polyethylene glycol and / or paraffins with different molecular mass as systems for controlling the solubility.
  • the rate of dissolution / dispersion of an agent depends inter alia on the size of the contact surface between the washing or treating agent to be dissolved or dispersed and the solvent / dispersant.
  • a further subject of the present application is a process for producing a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention, comprising the following steps a) optionally providing a core containing active substance, preferably by means of melt casting,
  • Tabletting, extrusion or coating preferably of powdery, liquid, paste-like or viscous preparations, and positioning of the core in a mold; b1) introducing and positioning the second active-agent-containing phase in the mold or b2) introducing and positioning a spacer for the second active-substance-containing phase in the mold; c) filling a flowable mass comprising the first active-containing phase into the mold and solidifying the mass into a dimensionally stable portion; d) in the case of b2) replacement of the spacer for the second active substance-containing phase by the second active substance-containing phase, wherein the steps b) to d) preferably by hardening of flowable masses due to temperature reduction, incorporation of water of hydration or other solvent components, reaction of in the flowable Mass contained components, modification conversions, evaporation of water or other solvent components, condensation, irradiation or by compression.
  • the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention can also be prepared by preparing a massive first active-substance-containing phase and then incorporating at least one cavity for the second active-substance-containing phase into the first active-substance-containing phase.
  • a further subject matter of the present application is a process for producing a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention comprising the following steps a) optionally providing a core containing active substance, preferably by means of melt casting, tableting, extrusion or coating, preferably powdery, liquid, paste-like or viscous preparations and positioning the core in a mold; b) filling a flowable mass comprising the first active substance-containing phase into the mold and solidifying the mass into a dimensionally stable portion; c) removal of parts of the first active-substance-containing phase from the dimensionally stable portion, preferably by drilling out, scraping, melting or dissolving the parts to be removed from the first active-substance-containing phase to form cavities and d) introducing the second active-substance-containing phase into the cavities, wherein steps b) and d) are preferably carried out by curing flowable masses due to temperature reduction, incorporation of water of hydration or other solvent components, reaction of components contained in the flowable compositions, modification conversions,
  • a core containing active substance it can be enveloped, for example, by immersing the core in a melt, solution or dispersion comprising the constituents of the first active-substance-containing phase or its precursor constituents. Furthermore, it is possible to fix the core in a mold, preferably in the middle of the mold, and to pour the flowable constituents or precursor constituents of the first active-substance-containing phase into the mold, so that the core is completely enclosed by the cast-in material. Preferably, curing of the cast material to the first active-containing phase by drying, i. E. Evaporation of water or other solvents, incorporation of water of hydration or melt solidification due to temperature reduction instead.
  • Another possibility for enveloping the active substance-containing core with the first phase containing active substance is spraying the core with a sprayable preparation comprising the constituents or precursor constituents of the first phase containing active substance.
  • the first phase containing active substance is preferably formed by means of melt solidification due to temperature reduction. If the second active-substance-containing phase is introduced only after solidification or setting of the first active-substance-containing phase into a cavity kept free of a placeholder or a cavity which was produced by removing parts of the first active-substance-containing phase, then the second active-substance-containing phase lies at the time of introduction the first active-agent-containing phase preferably in the form of a flowable mass, in particular a melt, which solidifies to a solid or highly viscous, preferably solid, second active-material-containing phase.
  • first and second active-agent-containing phases are preferably combined with a permanent adhesive which has suitable dissolving or dispersing properties.
  • the first active-agent-containing phase and / or the second active-material-containing phase are preferably built up from two or more layers, or the washing or treatment agent portion consists of two or more layers, which preferably each contain both the first active-agent-containing phase and the second active-material-containing phase.
  • a barrier layer is applied by melt solidification, incorporation of water of hydration or other solvent components, reaction of components contained in the barrier material, modification conversions, evaporation of water or other solvent components, condensation, irradiation, or by pressing on the respective outer layer of the composition.
  • the present invention also relates to a kit comprising a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention and a bag of water-permeable material or a rigid at least in areas container with one or more opening (s), through which liquids, but not the washing or treatment agent portion in undissolved , non-dispersed and non-pulverized form, can enter and exit.
  • a kit comprising a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention and a bag of water-permeable material or a rigid at least in areas container with one or more opening (s), through which liquids, but not the washing or treatment agent portion in undissolved , non-dispersed and non-pulverized form, can enter and exit.
  • the bag or the container is at least partially permeable to water, so that when the kit is used in an automatic washing machine, water, aqueous solutions and dispersions of the washing or treatment agent active substances can enter and leave through these openings.
  • the diameter of the openings for water / wash liquor is between 0.1 and 1 cm, in particular 0.2 and 0.5 cm, so that the exchange of dissolved and / or dispersed components of the washing or treatment agent portion done, but not the Treatment agent portion in undissolved, non-dispersed, not pulverized form from the envelope or the bag can escape.
  • the material of the bag is elastic and adapts to the decreasing size of the washing or treating agent portion with the number of washing or treatment courses.
  • the bag or container prevents direct contact of the washing or treating agent portion with the textile during the washing or treatment process as well as in the period between completion of the washing or treatment process and removal of the washed or treated textiles from the automatic washing machine by the consumer. Further, the bag or container controls the dissolution / dispersion of the detergent or treating agent portion because the surface of the detergent or treating agent portion contacts less water / wash liquor due to limited fluid passage through the bag / container material than does the direct use of the wash - or treatment agent portion in the washing drum of an automatic washing machine would be the case.
  • An additional protection of the washing or treatment agent portion from the mechanical influences of a washing or treatment cycle is achieved by the introduction of cushioning material, preferably of water-permeable foam or fleece.
  • the kit comprises a bag which contains an inner and an outer layer of a net-like material and an intermediate layer of a cushioning material, preferably foam, and is preferably elastic.
  • the bag or container preferably has a device that allows the closure of the enclosure. Preference is given to devices in which a tape or a cord is passed through a channel along the upper edge of the bag, which can be pulled together and Corpnürrt or clamped together.
  • a method for washing and / or treating textiles in an automatic washing machine in which a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention or a kit according to the invention is introduced into the drum of the washing machine and a washing or treatment program of the washing machine is started is a further subject matter of the present invention Invention.
  • the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention or the kit according to the invention in the washing machine drum exposes the water to from 2 to 60, preferably from 4 to 50 and in particular from 6 to 40 washing or treatment cycles, whereby the active substance-containing phases of the agent dissolve and / or dispersing and the contained active is released.
  • the washing or treating agent portion comprises a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, sensitive textiles and / or wool, then this washing or treating agent portion preferably contains active substance in 2 to 40, preferably 4 to 30 and in particular 6 to 20 washing or treatment courses free.
  • the portion preferably provides active ingredient for 5 to 60, preferably 10 to 50, and in particular 15 to 40, washing or treatment courses. 2 to 200 g, preferably 2.5 to 150 g and in particular 3 to 140 g of the washing or treatment agent portion are preferably dissolved and / or dispersed per wash or treatment cycle. If one of the phases comprises a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool, preference is given to 40 to 150 g, more preferably 50 to 140 g, preferably 60 to 130 g and especially 70 to 120 g of this active substance-containing phase per wash or treatment cycle dissolved and / or dispersed. If one of the phases comprises an additional component for a washing or treating agent, this phase containing the active substance preferably releases from 1 to 60 g, preferably from 1.5 to 55 g and in particular from 2 to 50 g per wash or treatment run.
  • the optional active-substance-containing core is dissolved and / or dispersed in the process according to the invention and the automatic washing machine with the released active substances is preferably disinfected and / or maintained.
  • Particularly good cleaning and / or care results are obtained when the core in a washing or treatment cycle without textiles at least 18 ° C, preferably at least 30 0 C, more preferably at least 40 0 C, preferably at least at 50 ° C, very particularly preferably at least 60 0 C and in particular at 90 0 C is dissolved or dispersed.
  • the active agent-containing core preferentially dissolves / disperses only after a barrier layer has been dissolved and / or dispersed or removed manually between the active-containing core and the adjacent coating layer.
  • a washing or treating agent portion according to the invention or a kit according to the invention for automatic dosing in the drum of an automatic washing machine for textiles.
  • a washing agent or treating agent portion according to the invention or the kit according to the invention is used in 2 to 60, preferably 4 to 50 and in particular more than 6 to 40 washing or treatment courses.
  • the washing or treatment agent portion is preferably used in 2 to 40, preferably 4 to 30 and in particular 6 to 20 washing or treatment courses.
  • the portion is preferably used in 5 to 60, preferably 10 to 50, and in particular 15 to 40, washing or treatment courses.
  • 2 to 200 g, preferably 2.5 to 150 g and in particular 3 to 140 g of the washing or treatment agent portion are preferably dissolved and / or dispersed per wash or treatment cycle and the respective washing and / or treating the respective amount of active substance used.
  • one of the phases comprises a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool, preference is given to 40 to 150 g, more preferably 50 to 140 g, preferably 60 to 130 g and especially 70 to 120 g of this active substance-containing phase used per wash or treatment cycle.
  • this active substance-containing phase preferably liberates 1 to 60 g, preferably 1.5 to 55 g and in particular 2 to 50 g per washing or treatment cycle, which are then washed and / or Treat the textiles to be used.
  • a washing or treating agent portion for the simultaneous automatic dosing of a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool and an additional component for a washing or treating agent, preferably a bleaching, enzyme and / or equipment component for Textiles used.
  • the optional active-substance-containing core is preferably used for disinfection and / or care of the automatic washing machine.
  • the core is preferably in a washing or treatment step without textiles at least 18 ° C, preferably at least 30 0 C, particularly preferably at least 40 0 C, with preference to at least 50 0 C, most preferably at least 60 0 C and in particular used at 90 0 C.
  • the core is used only after a barrier layer between the active agent-containing core and the adjacent cladding layer has been dissolved and / or dispersed or removed manually.
  • a dimensionally stable one-piece detergent or treating agent portion having a mass of at least 50 g, comprising a first active-ingredient-containing phase, which is a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool, and a second active substance-containing Phase, which contains an additive component for a detergent or treating agent composition, used alone or together with an additive component for a base detergent in an automatic washing machine and used there for washing and / or treating textiles.
  • a first active-ingredient-containing phase which is a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, delicate textiles and / or wool
  • a second active substance-containing Phase which contains an additive component for a detergent or treating agent composition, used alone or together with an additive component for a base detergent in an automatic washing machine and used there for washing and / or treating textiles.
  • a active substance-containing core contained in the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention is followed by the washing or treatment courses in which the active substance-containing coating layer, comprising the first and the second active substance-containing phase, dissolves or disperses, for caring for and / or disinfecting the automatic Washing machine used.
  • the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention is enclosed, preferably enclosed by a bag, directly in the drum of the washing machine. dosed and left there for 2 to 40 washing or treatment courses.
  • the additional component for the basic detergent can be dosed via the dispenser or also directly into the drum of the automatic washing machine.
  • the additional component for the base detergent is also in the form of a dimensionally stable, one-part treatment agent portion with a mass of at least 50 g, which provides active ingredient for 5 to 60 washing or treatment courses available.
  • the second active-agent-containing phase of the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention comprises an enzyme composition
  • the separately metered additional component for a base washing agent is preferably a bleaching composition.
  • a dimensionally stable one-piece washing or treating agent portion having a mass of at least 50 g, comprising an additive component for a washing or treating agent, preferably an enzyme, bleaching or finishing component in a first active-agent-containing phase, one of them differing additional component in a second active substance-containing phase, as well as a fully enclosed active substance-containing core which differs at least in one component or the concentration of at least one component from the composition of the two phases, alone or together with a base detergent for white and / or colored textiles, sensitive Textiles and / or wool used in an automatic washing machine and used there for washing and / or treating textiles.
  • an additive component for a washing or treating agent preferably an enzyme, bleaching or finishing component in a first active-agent-containing phase, one of them differing additional component in a second active substance-containing phase, as well as a fully enclosed active substance-containing core which differs at least in one component or the concentration of at least one component from the composition of the two phases, alone or together with a base detergent
  • the active substance-containing core contained in the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention is used for caring and / or disinfecting the automatic washing machine following the washing or treatment cycles in which the active substance-containing coating layer dissolves or disperses.
  • the washing or treating agent portion according to the invention is - preferably enclosed by a bag - dosed directly into the drum of the washing machine and left there for 5 to 60 washing or treatment courses.
  • the basic detergent can be dosed via the dispenser or also directly into the drum of the automatic washing machine.
  • the base detergent is also present in the form of a dimensionally stable, one-part treatment agent portion having a mass of at least 50 g, which provides active ingredient for 2 to 40 washing or treatment courses available.
  • the equipment components are preferably substantially released in the rinses and used to treat the fabrics.
  • the washing or treatment agent portions according to the invention comprising the equipment component preferably contain a (physico-) chemical switch.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une portion monobloc de forme stable de détergent ou de produit traitant, dont la masse est d'au moins 50 g, qui présente au moins 2 phases contenant une substance active, qui se différencient par au moins un constituant et/ou par la concentration d'au moins un constituant et/ou par leur couleur et/ou leur consistance. Cette portion de détergent ou de produit traitant s'utilise pour laver et ou traiter des textiles dans un lave-linge automatique et libère une substance active pendant 2 à 60 cycles de lavage ou de traitement. La première phase contenant la substance active peut contenir par exemple un détergent de base et la seconde, une composition de blanchiment.
PCT/EP2007/054978 2006-06-27 2007-05-23 Portion hétérogène de détergent ou de produit traitant WO2008000563A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006029841.1 2006-06-27
DE200610029841 DE102006029841A1 (de) 2006-06-27 2006-06-27 Heterogene Wasch- oder Behandlungsmittelportion

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WO2008000563A1 true WO2008000563A1 (fr) 2008-01-03

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MX2016013463A (es) * 2014-04-15 2017-01-18 Ecolab Usa Inc Bloque solido novedoso que comprende uno o mas dominios de forma prismatica o cilindrica y produccion del mismo.

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US3407144A (en) * 1963-12-11 1968-10-22 Procter & Gamble Detergent composition
EP0999261A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Tablette colorée
DE10010760A1 (de) * 2000-03-04 2001-09-20 Henkel Kgaa Mehrphasige Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper mit nicht-gepreßten Anteilen
WO2001098448A1 (fr) * 2000-06-23 2001-12-27 Reckitt Benckiser N.V. Pastilles de lessive a phases multiples et procedes de production de celles-ci
WO2002061030A2 (fr) * 2001-01-29 2002-08-08 Unilever Plc Articles de toilettes multiphases et leurs procedes de fabrication
US6548473B1 (en) * 1997-11-26 2003-04-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-layer detergent tablet having both compressed and non-compressed portions
WO2005077064A2 (fr) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Eco-Safe Technologies, L.L.C. Composition et dispositif de nettoyage solide, polyvalents

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3407144A (en) * 1963-12-11 1968-10-22 Procter & Gamble Detergent composition
US6548473B1 (en) * 1997-11-26 2003-04-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-layer detergent tablet having both compressed and non-compressed portions
EP0999261A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Tablette colorée
DE10010760A1 (de) * 2000-03-04 2001-09-20 Henkel Kgaa Mehrphasige Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper mit nicht-gepreßten Anteilen
WO2001098448A1 (fr) * 2000-06-23 2001-12-27 Reckitt Benckiser N.V. Pastilles de lessive a phases multiples et procedes de production de celles-ci
WO2002061030A2 (fr) * 2001-01-29 2002-08-08 Unilever Plc Articles de toilettes multiphases et leurs procedes de fabrication
WO2005077064A2 (fr) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Eco-Safe Technologies, L.L.C. Composition et dispositif de nettoyage solide, polyvalents

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