WO2006119898A1 - Unite de dosage d'agent de lavage ou de nettoyage - Google Patents

Unite de dosage d'agent de lavage ou de nettoyage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006119898A1
WO2006119898A1 PCT/EP2006/004115 EP2006004115W WO2006119898A1 WO 2006119898 A1 WO2006119898 A1 WO 2006119898A1 EP 2006004115 W EP2006004115 W EP 2006004115W WO 2006119898 A1 WO2006119898 A1 WO 2006119898A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
washing
weight
preferred
detergent
Prior art date
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PCT/EP2006/004115
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Holderbaum
Ulf Arno Timmann
Wolfgang Barthel
Salvatore Fileccia
Christian Nitsch
Arno DÜFFELS
Ulrich Pegelow
Pavel Gentschev
Original Assignee
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
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Publication of WO2006119898A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006119898A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
    • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
    • C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0073—Tablets
    • C11D17/0078—Multilayered tablets

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of detergents. More particularly, the present invention relates to detergent or rinsing agent dosing units
  • Detergents or cleaning agents are now available to the consumer in a wide variety of forms. In addition to washing powders and granules, this range also includes detergent concentrates in the form of extruded or tableted compositions. These solid, concentrated or compacted forms are characterized by a reduced volume per dosage unit and thus lower the dosage Costs of Packaging and Transport In particular, the washing or cleaning agent tablets additionally satisfy the consumer's desire for simple dosing. The corresponding agents are comprehensively described in the prior art.
  • compacted detergents or cleaners also have a number of drawbacks Due to their high compression often by a delayed decay and thus a delayed release of their ingredients from To the resolution of this In contradistinction between sufficient tablet hardness and short disintegration times, numerous technical solutions have been disclosed in the patent literature, whereby the use of so-called tablet disintegrants is to be referred to by way of example.
  • WO 01/83657 A2 Procter & Gamble
  • pouches which contain two particulate solids in a receiving chamber, each of which is present in fixed regions and does not mix with one another
  • EP 1 256 623 A1 Subject of the European application EP 1 256 623 A1 (Procter & Gamble) is a kit of at least two bags with different compositions and different optics The bags are provided separately from one another and not as a compact individual product
  • the object of the present application was to provide a washing or Rem Trentskardosierussi which allows the joint assembly of solid and liquid or adherent detergent compositions in separate areas of a compact metering unit
  • the process end product should be distinguished by an attractive appearance and in particular among the usual Storage and transport conditions have a comparable fracture hardness comparable to conventional moldings and do not require special, on the encompassed liquid or adhesive washing or cleaning compositions adapted packaging materials
  • a washing or mansmittelformkorper in the form of a ring tablet in the Kavitat a flowable detergent or cleaning composition is fixed, wherein the Kavitat limiting molding body inner wall has at least one rounded Ekce with a corner radius above 2 mm
  • a first subject of the present application is therefore a washing or Remistrskardosierussi comprising a) a detergent or take-upskarper in the form of a ring tablet with a Kavitat and the Kavitat in the form of a lateral surface limiting
  • Detergent composition characterized in that the molded body inner vvand has at least one rounded corner with a corner radius above 2 mm
  • washing or cleaning agent dosing units comprise as the first essential component a washing or planetsffenformkorper in the form of a ring tablet
  • moldings can be used in practically all designs which can be handled reasonably, for example in the form of a tablet, in bar or bar form, cube, cuboid and corresponding spatial element with flat side surfaces and in particular cylindrical configurations with a circular or oval cross section detects the form of presentation from the actual tablet to compact cylinder pieces with a ratio of height to diameter above 1.
  • geometric shapes which can preferably be produced by one of the molding methods mentioned below, are in particular concave, convex, biconcave, biconvex, cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic, cylindrical, spherical, cylindrical-segment, disk-shaped, tetrahedral, dodecahedrate, octahedral, conical, pyramidal, ellipsoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, prismatic and rhombohedral shapes Auc h completely irregular base areas such as arrow or animal shapes, trees, clouds, etc. can be realized in the shaping process If the shaped body has corners and edges, these are preferably rounded. As an additional optical differentiation, an embodiment with rounded corners and beveled ("chamfered”) Edges preferred
  • the mono- or multiphase tablets used in the method according to the invention have a cavitation.
  • the shaped body described above is a ring tablet, the cavity is not in the form of a depression, but rather in the form of a continuous one Breakthrough designed
  • the shape of the cavity can be chosen freely, with shaped bodies, in particular tablets, being preferred in which at least one cavity is a round or oval, one, two, three, four, five
  • Particularly preferred washing or placesmittelformkorper have a Kavitat with two opposite three, four, five or hexagonal opening surfaces
  • the corners of the cavity are preferably connected to one another by flat surfaces.
  • Detergent or detergent tablets characterized in that at least two straight surfaces are connected to one another by a rounded corner with a corner radius of more than 2 mm, are preferred.
  • washing or craftsmittelformkorper characterized that two straight surfaces are interconnected by two rounded corners with a corner radius above 2 mm
  • the Formkorperinnenwand preferred detergent or placesmittelformkorper has at least one, preferably two, more preferably three and more preferably four straight surfaces
  • the shaped body inner wall has at least two, preferably three and particularly preferably four rounded corners with a corner radius above 2 mm
  • the rounded corner (s) preferably have an angle between 20 and 160 °, preferably between 45 and 135 °, more preferably between 60 and 120 ° and in particular between 80 and 100 °
  • the above-described corner radius of more than 2 mm represents a lower limit for the stability of metering units according to the invention. It has been found that the stability of the metering units can be increased further by increasing the radius of the corner. Therefore, especially those washing or cleaning agent moldings which are more than one corner radius 2.2 mm, preferably more than 2.4 mm, more preferably more than 2.8 mm and in particular more than 3.5 mm, that is, in which at least one corner, but preferably all corners of Kavitat a corner radius more than 2 , 2 mm, preferably more than 2.4 mm, more preferably more than 2.8 mm and in particular more than 3.5 mm
  • the size of the cavity in comparison to the entire shaped body depends on the intended use of the shaped bodies. Depending on whether and with which substances in which physical state the cavity is to be filled, the size of the cavity may vary. Independent of the intended use, washing and cleaning agent tablets are preferred. in which the volume ratio of base molding to Kavitatsvolumen in the range of 1 1 to 100 1, preferably from 2 1 to 80 1, particularly preferably from 3 1 to 50 1 and in particular from 4 1 to 30 1 amounts
  • the absolute Kavitatsvolumen amounts preferably between 1 and 100 ml, preferably between 1 and 50 ml, more preferably between 1 and 30 ml and in particular between 2 and 20 ml
  • Preferred washing or placesmittelformkorper are characterized in that the Kavitat has a maximum diameter between 15 and 50 mm, preferably between 20 and 45 mm and in particular between 25 and 40 mm
  • the ratio of the maximum diameter of the cavity to the corner radius characteristic of the metering unit according to the invention influences the storage and transport stability and particularly preferred storage and transport stable washing or makesmittelformkorper characterized in that the quotient of the maximum diameter of Kavitat and Corner radius of the rounded corner (s) is between 30 and 300, preferably between 50 and 250 and in particular between 70 and 200 Similar statements can be made to the surface portions which make up the basic molding or the cavity opening on the overall surface of the molded body. Washing or cleaning tablets are preferred in which the surface of the cavity is 1 to 25%, preferably 2 to 20%, particularly preferably 3 to 15% and especially 4 to 10% of the total surface area of the tablet
  • the cavity of the washing or makesffenformkorper is limited by a circumferential around the cavity web
  • This web serves as a support surface for the applied in step b) water-soluble film
  • the stability of the detergent or makesffenformkorpers itself as well as the stability of the generated with increasing web width If the abovementioned adhesive compounds are increased, such production methods are preferred in which the web has a width of at least 1.5 mm, preferably at least 2 mm and in particular between 2 and 10 mm
  • a ring tablet which have a volume (without the volume of Kavitat) between 5 and 40 ml, have a maximum diameter between 30 and 75 mm, have two opposing quadrangular aperture areas, the four
  • the three-dimensional shape of the washing or makesffenformkorpers is advantageously adapted in their dimensions Einspulhunt of commercial washing machines or dishwashers, so that the Formkorper can be metered directly into the corresponding compartments of Einspulhunt
  • inventive Formkorper but also directly into the washing drum or the machine interior metered, optionally dosing aids can be used
  • dosing aids can be used
  • the tableting of the washing and / or cleaning agent premix is, in the context of the present invention, a shaping method which is preferred in the context of the present invention.
  • the tablets resulting from this process can be both monophase and multiphase
  • Remungsmittelschformkorper a fixable in the cavity fheßfahige washing or
  • Detergent composition can be used solid and / or liquid substances or mixtures of substances
  • useful detergent or cleaning compositions are fluxing agents and melts and / or gel (s), but also solids, in particular powders and / or granules (e) and / or extrudate (s) and / or compact (e)
  • liquid in the present application denotes substances or mixtures of substances as well as solutions or suspensions which are present in a liquid state
  • Washing or Remiersmittelformkorper characterized in that it is in the Kavitat fixed adhesive washing or cleaning composition is a liquid, are inventively preferred
  • Powder is a general term for a form of division of solids and / or mixtures obtained by comminution, that is grinding or crushing in the mortar (pulverization), grinding in mills or as a result of atomization or freeze-drying.
  • a particularly fine division often called atomization or micronization, the corresponding powders are called micro-powder
  • Powders preferred in the present application have lower particle sizes below 5000 .mu.m, preferably less than 3000 microns, preferably less than 1000 .mu.m, very particularly preferably between 50 and 1000 .mu.m and in particular between 100 and 800 .mu.m
  • Powders can be compacted and agglomerated by extrusion, pressing, rolling, briquetting, pelleting and related processes. Any of the methods known in the prior art for the agglomeration of particulate mixtures is in principle suitable for producing the solids present in the compositions according to the invention within the scope of the present invention
  • Preferred agglomerates used as solid (s), in addition to the granules, are the compactates and extrudates
  • Granules are accumulations of granules.
  • Granules are an asymmetric aggregate of powder particles.
  • Granulation processes are widely described in the prior art.
  • Granules can be prepared by wet granulation, by dry granulation or compaction, and by melt solidification granulation
  • the most common granulation technique is wet granulation, as this technique is subject to the least restrictions and most safely leads to granules with favorable properties.
  • the wet granulation is carried out by moistening the powder mixtures with solvents and / or solvent mixtures and / or solutions of binders and / or solutions of adhesives and is preferably carried out in mixers, fluidized beds or spray towers, with said mixers being able to be equipped, for example, with raking and kneading tools.
  • the starting materials used may be, for example, melts (melt solidification) or, preferably, slurries (spray drying) of solid substances which are sprayed at the tip of a tower in a defined droplet size, freeze or dry in free fall, and at the bottom
  • melt solidification is particularly suitable for shaping low-melting substances which are stable in the melting temperature range (eg urea, ammonium nitrate, various formulations such as enzyme concentrates, pharmaceuticals, etc.).
  • the corresponding granules are also referred to as PnIIs.
  • Spray drying is used especially for the production of detergents or detergent ingredients
  • Further agglomeration techniques described in the prior art are extruder or perforated roll granulations in which powder mixtures optionally mixed with granulation liquid are deformed diastically during pressing through perforated disks (extrusion) or on perforated rolls. "The products of extruder granulation are also referred to as extrudates
  • Detergent or rhizomes moldings characterized in that it is in the Kavmaschine fixed adhesive washing or cleaning composition is a solid, according to the invention are preferred
  • the full degree of cavitation is preferably at least 70% by volume, preferably at least 80% by volume, more preferably at least 90% by volume and in particular at least 95% by volume.
  • fixation of the adherent detergent composition in the cavity can be achieved by different means and / or mechanisms
  • the fixing of the detergent or cleaning agent compositions takes place in the cavity of the shaped body by means of an adhesive, latching, snap-action or plug-in mechanism
  • Detergent compositions may be formulated together with the fastening means or may be separate from the fastening means.
  • a water-soluble bag filled with a powder which has been inserted into the cavity of the ring tablet and / or glued is suitable as an embodiment of a washing or cleaning agent composition prepared in-house with its fastening means is, as an embodiment in which the flowable detergent composition is separate from the fastener, for example, a powder that is in Kavitat by two, by means of adhesive, latching, snap or plug mechanism attached to the mold body and the openings the cavity closing lids is fixed
  • the flowable washing or cleaning agent composition is fixed in the cavity by means of a water-soluble film
  • the openings of the Kavitat be closed by means of a water-soluble film placed over the openings.
  • the connection between the Formkorper and the film is preferably achieved by adhesive
  • These adhesives can, for example, before applying the water-soluble film on the opening (en ) may be applied to the surface of the molded article and / or to the surface of the water-soluble film.
  • the adhesive may also be part of a
  • solvents for example water or organic solvents
  • connection between the shaped body and the film is realized by a seal, preferably a heat seal.
  • this heat seal is effected by the action of heat radiation and / or the action of a heated sealing tool
  • a water-soluble film is molded into the cavity of the shaped body to form a receiving chamber, and the receiving chamber filled with the flowable detergent or cleaning composition is closed with a water-soluble film or a solidifying melt.
  • the molding of the film into the cavity is preferably carried out by Deep-drawing process, wherein the plastic deformation of the film is effected for example by the action of a vacuum
  • a water-soluble container filled with one or more flowable washing or cleaning compositions is introduced into the cavity of the molded article.
  • the water-soluble container can be produced, for example, by the previously mentioned deep-drawing method, but also by injection molding or bottle casting
  • Detergents or placesmittelformkorper characterized in that the fixable washing or cleaning composition is fixed in the Kavitat by means of a deep-drawn water-soluble bag, are inventively preferred
  • Suitable materials for the described water-soluble containers, films or lids are a number of different materials, with polymeric materials being particularly preferred.
  • the material for the water-soluble containers, films or lids comprises one or more waterless polymer (s). , preferably a material from the group (optionally acetalated) polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), Polyvinylpyrrohdon, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose, and derivatives thereof and mixtures thereof
  • the washing or cleaning agent moldings in a preferred embodiment have a coating
  • Suitable ingredients of the adhesive washing or cleaning composition and / or of the detergent or cleaner body are the washing-active substances known to the person skilled in the art, in particular skeletons, surfactants, polymers, bleaches, bleach activators, enzymes, glass corrosion inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors,
  • the zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic co-builders and, where there are no ecological prejudices against their use, the phosphates pay
  • the crystalline layer-form silicates of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + , y H 2 O are described, for example, by Clanant GmbH (Germany) Examples of these silicates are Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 ⁇ H 2 O, Kenyaite), Na-SKS-2 (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 ⁇ H 2 O, Magadnt) , Na-SKS-3 (Na 2 Si 8 O 17 ⁇ H 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 ⁇ H 2 O, Makatite)
  • crystalline phyllosilicates of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1yH 2 O, in which x is 2
  • both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicates are Na 2 Si 2 O 5 y H 2 O.
  • Na-SKS-5 ⁇ -Na 2 S ⁇ 2 0 5
  • Na-SKS-7 ⁇ -Na 2 S ⁇ 2 0 5
  • Natrosilit Na-SKS-9 (NaHSi 2 O 5 H 2 O)
  • Na-SKS-10 NaHSi 2 O 5 3H 2 O, kanemite
  • Na-SKS-11 t-Na2 S ⁇ 2 0 5
  • Na-SKS-13 NaHSi 2 O 5
  • Na-SKS-6 5-Na 2 Si 2 O 5
  • Detergents or cleaning agents preferably contain a proportion by weight of the crystalline layered silicate of the formula NaMSi x O 2 ⁇ + 1 y H 2 O from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 15% by weight and in particular from 0.4 to 10% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of these agents
  • amorphous sodium silicates having a modulus Na 2 O SiO 2 of from 1 2 to 1 3,3, preferably from 1 2 to 1 2, 8 and in particular from 1 2 to 1, 2, which are preferably loosely delayed and have secondary wash properties Loseverzog für compared to conventional amorphous Nat ⁇ umsilikaten can thereby be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / densification or by overdrying
  • the term "amorphous" understood that the silicates in X-ray extenuations do not provide sharp X-rays, such as they are typical of crystalline substances, but at most cause one or more maxima of the scattered X-radiation, which have a width of several degrees of the diffraction angle
  • X-ray silicates are used whose silicate particles produce blurred or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline regions of the order of ten to a few hundred nm, with values of up to 50 nm and, in particular, up to 20 nm are preferred
  • Such Rontgenamorphe silicates also have a Loseverzog für compared to conventional waterglass
  • the alkali metal phosphates have, with particular preference, pentasodium or pentapotassium phosphate (sodium or potassium polyphosphate) in the Detergents and cleaners industry the greatest importance
  • Alkalimetallphosphate is the summary term for the alkali metal (especially sodium and potassium) salts of various phosphoric acids, in which one can distinguish metaphosphoric (HPO 3 ) n and orthophosphoric H 3 PO 4 in addition to high molecular weight representatives
  • the phosphates combine several advantages in They act as alkali storage, prevent limescale on machine parts or Kalkinkrustationen in tissues and also contribute to the cleaning performance
  • Particularly important phosphates are pentasodium t-phosphate, Na 5 P 3 O 10 (sodium t-polyphosphate) and the corresponding potassium salt pentapotassium phosphate, K 5 P 3 O 10 (potassium t-polyphosphate)
  • preferred agents contain dicers (s) Phosphate (s), preferably Alkal ⁇ metallphosphat (s), more preferably pentasodium or Pentakaliumt ⁇ phosphat (sodium or Kaliumtnpolyphosphat), in amounts of from 5 to 80% by weight, preferably from 15 to 75% by weight and in particular from 20 to 70 wt - %, in each case based on the weight of the washing or cleaning agent
  • alkali metal carriers are alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogencarbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, alkali metal silicates, and mixtures of the abovementioned substances.
  • the alkali metal carbonates in particular sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium mesic acid carbonate is a builder system containing a mixture of T ⁇ polyphosphat and Natnumcarbonat
  • a builder system containing a mixture of T ⁇ polyphosphat and Natnumcarbonat and Natnumdisilikat Due to their compared with other builders low chemical compatibility with the other ingredients of detergents or cleaning agents, the alkali metal hydroxides are preferred only in small amounts, preferably in amounts below 10% by weight, preferably below 6% by weight, particularly preferably below 4% by weight and in particular below 2% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the washing or cleaning agent. Particular preference is given to compositions which, based on their total
  • compositions which, based on the weight of the washing or cleaning agent, are less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 17% by weight, preferably less as 13% by weight and in particular less than 9% by weight of carbonate (s) and / or bicarbonate (s), preferably alkali metal carbonate (s), particularly preferably sodium carbonate
  • organic cobuilders include polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, polyacetals, dextrins, other organic cobuilders and phosphonates. These classes of substances are described below
  • Useful organic framework substances are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of the free acid and / or their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
  • these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, Maleinsaure, Fumarsaure, Zuckersauren, Aminocarbonsauren, Nitnlot ⁇ essigsaure (NTA), if such a use is not to be criticized for ecological reasons, as well as mixtures from Di ⁇ b ⁇ n
  • the free acids possess besides their Buiider Angel also typically ⁇ ie property of an acidifying component and serve thus also for setting a lower one and Mild pH of Detergents or Cleaning Agents
  • citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any desired mixtures thereof may be mentioned here
  • polymeric polycarboxylates are suitable, these are for example the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those having a relative molecular mass of 500 to 70000 g / mol
  • the molecular weights given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M w of the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a UV detector. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard which gives realistic molecular weight values owing to its structural relationship with the polymers investigated. These data differ significantly from the molecular weight data in which polystyrenesulfonic acids are used as standard. The molar masses measured against polystyrenesulfonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights specified in this specification
  • Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, this group can in turn comprise the short-chain polyacrylates, the molar masses of 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, and particularly preferably 3,000 to 5,000 g / mol, have, be preferred
  • copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
  • Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid are particularly suitable Molecular weight, based on free acids, is generally from 2000 to 70000 g / mol, preferably from 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular from 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol
  • the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution.
  • the content of detergents or cleaning agents in (co) polymeric polycarboxylates is preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight and in particular from 3 to 10% by weight.
  • the polymers may also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as a monomer
  • biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units for example those which contain as monomers salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or the monomers of the salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives
  • copolymers are those which have as their monomers acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate
  • polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids their salts or their precursors
  • Substances are particularly preferred polyaspartic acids or their salts
  • polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 C atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
  • Preferred polyacetals are prepared from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyolcarboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid
  • organic builder substances are dextrins, for example, oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.
  • the hydrolysis can be carried out by customary, for example acid or enzyme catalyzed processes.
  • the hydrolysis products have average molecular weights in the region of 400 up to 500000 g / mol.
  • a polysaccharide with a dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30 is preferred, DE being a customary measure for the reducing action of a polysaccharide in comparison with dextrose Usable are both Maltodext ⁇ ne with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrups with a DE between 20 and 37 and so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher molecular weights in the range of 2000 to 30,000 g / mol
  • oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide to the carboxylic acid function
  • Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of Disuccmaten, preferably ethylenediamine are further suitable cobuilders It is Ethylend ⁇ am ⁇ n-N, N '- disuccinate (EDDS) is preferably in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts thereof are furthermore preferred in this context
  • Glyce ⁇ ndisuccinate and Glyce ⁇ ntrisuccinate quantities used are in zeolite-containing and / or sihcate-containing formulations at 3 to 15% by weight
  • organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may optionally also be present in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups
  • nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants are included in the group of surfactants
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants are all nonionic surfactants known to the person skilled in the art Suitable nonionic surfactants are, for example, alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, especially methyl-branched, aliphatic radical of 8 to 22, preferably corresponds to 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose.
  • the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is one any number between 1 and 10, preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4
  • nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dimethylhydroxylamine, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
  • the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols. especially not more than half of them
  • surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula
  • R is an aliphatic acyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
  • R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups
  • the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent reaction with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride
  • the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula
  • R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
  • R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein C 1 4 -alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred and [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives this rest
  • [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can be prepared by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides
  • Nonionic surfactants are used as preferred surfactants. Particular preference is given to detergents or cleaners, in particular automatic dishwashing detergents, nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols.
  • Nonionic surfactants are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 C atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol used, in which the alcohol radical is linear or preferred
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • preferred ethoxylated alcohols include C 12-14 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9-11 alkoxy with 7 EO, C 13 , 15- alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8
  • Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow rank ethoxylates, NRE)
  • NRE narrow rank ethoxylates
  • fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO are also used. Examples of these are Taigfettalkohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO
  • ethoxylated nonionic surfactants which are selected from C 6-2O monohydroxyalkanols or C 6 are particularly preferred.
  • 2 o-fatty alcohols and more than 12 mol, preferably more than 15 mol, and were in particular more than 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, are used
  • Em particularly preferred nonionic surfactant is selected from a straight chain fatty alcohol having 16 to 20 carbon atoms (C 16-2 o- Alcohol), preferably a C 18 -alcohol and at least 12 moles, preferably at least 15 moles and in particular at least 20 moles of ethylene oxide recovered.
  • the so-called “narrow-ranked ethoxylates” are particularly preferred.
  • nonionic surfactants having a melting point above room temperature N ⁇ cht ⁇ on ⁇ sche (s)
  • nonionic surfactants which have melting or softening points in the temperature range mentioned are, for example, low-foaming nonionic surfactants which may be solid or highly viscous at room temperature. If nonionic surfactants are used which are highly viscous at room temperature, it is preferred that they have a viscosity above 20 Pa Also, nonionic surfactants having waxy consistency at room temperature are preferred depending on their application Nonionic surfactants from the group of the alkoxylated alcohols, more preferably from the group of the mixed alkoxylated alcohols and in particular from the group of the EO-AO-EQ-.niot ⁇ nside are also used with particular preference.
  • the nonionic surfactant solid at room temperature preferably has propylene oxide units in the molecule.
  • such PO units make up to 25 wt .-%, more preferably up to 20 wt .-% and in particular up to 15 wt .-% of the total molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant from.
  • Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated monohydroxyalkanols or alkylphenols which additionally have polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer units.
  • the alcohol or alkylphenol content of such nonionic surfactant molecules preferably makes up more than 30% by weight, more preferably more than 50% by weight and in particular more than 70% by weight, of the total molecular weight of such nonionic surfactants.
  • Preferred agents are characterized in that they contain ethoxylated and propoxylated nonionic surfactants in which the propylene oxide units in the molecule up to 25 wt .-%, preferably up to 20 wt .-% and in particular up to 15 wt .-% of the total molecular weight of the nonionic Make up surfactants.
  • surfactants come from the groups of alkoxylated nonionic surfactants, in particular the ethoxylated primary alcohols and mixtures of these surfactants with structurally complicated surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene ((PO / EO / PO) surfactants).
  • Such (PO / EO / PO) nonionic surfactants are also characterized by good foam control.
  • nonionic surfactants having melting points above room temperature contain from 40 to 70% of a polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymer blend containing 75% by weight of a reverse block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene with 17 moles of ethylene oxide and 44 moles of propylene oxide and 25% by weight.
  • nonionic surfactants have been low foaming nonionic surfactants which have alternating ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide units.
  • surfactants with EO-AO-EO-AO blocks are preferred, wherein in each case one to ten EO or AO groups are bonded to each other before a block of the other groups follows.
  • R 1 is a straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated C 6 24 alkyl or alkenyl radical
  • each group R 2 or R 3 is independently selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 3 , CH (CH 3 ) 2 and the indices w, x, y, z independently of one another are integers from 1 to 6
  • the preferred nonionic surfactants of the above formula can be prepared by known methods from the corresponding alcohols R 1 -OH and ethylene oxide or alkylene oxide.
  • the radical R 1 in the above formula can vary depending on the origin of the alcohol. If native sources are used, the radical R 1 has an even number of carbon atoms and is usually unbranched, the linear radicals are selected from alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, palm, Taigfett- or oleyl alcohol, are preferably accessible from synthetic sources alcohols For example, the Guerbet alcohols or methyl-branched in the 2-position or linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten Irrespective of the type of alcohol used for the preparation of the nonionic surfactants contained in the agents Niotenside are preferred in which R 1 in the above formula for an alkyl group having 6 to 24, preferably 8 to 20, especially preferably 9 to 15 and in particular 9 to 11 carbon atoms
  • butylene oxide is also suitable as the alkylene oxide unit which is present in the preferred nonionic surfactants in alternation with the ethylene oxide unit.
  • R 2 or R 3 are selected independently of one another from - CH 2 CH 2 -CH 3 or -CH ( CH 3 J 2 are suitable
  • R 2 or R 3 is a radical -CH 3 , w and x independently of one another for values of 3 or 4 and y and z independently of one another for values of 1 or 2 stand
  • nonionic surfactants which have a C 9 . 15 -Alkylrest having 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units
  • surfactants have in wass ⁇ ger solution the required low viscosity and are inventively used with particular preference
  • R 1 is -CH (OH) CH 2 O- (AO) w - (AO) x - (A "O) y - (A '" O) z -R 2 in which
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent a straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated C 2-40 -alkyl or alkenyl radical
  • A, A 1 , A "and A '" independently of one another represent a radical from Group -CH 2 CH 2 , -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 2 , -CH 2 -CH (CH 3 ), -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 , -CH 2 -CH (CHa) -CH 2 -, CH 2 -CH (CH 2 -CH 3 ) stands, and w, x, y and z are values between 0.5 and 90, wherein x, y and / or z can also be 0 are inventively preferred
  • Nonionic surfactants which according to the formula
  • radical R 1 which is linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, furthermore a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical R 2 having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, where x is between 1 and 90, preferably between 40 and 80, and especially between 40 and 60
  • R 1 is a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof
  • R 2 denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and x for values between 0.5 and 1, 5 and y is a value of at least 15
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are a linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms
  • R 3 is independently selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH (CH 3 J 2 , but preferably represents -CH 3
  • nonionic surfactants are the end-capped poly (oxyalkyl ⁇ erten) nonionic surfactants of the formula
  • R 1 and R 2 are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 3 is H or a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n- Butyl, 2-butyl or 2-methyl-2-butyl radical
  • x are values between 1 and 30, k and j are values between 1 and 12, preferably between 1 and 5
  • R 1 and R 2 are preferably linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, radicals having 8 to 18 carbon atoms being particularly preferred
  • R 3 H, -CH 3 or -CH 2 CH 3 are particularly preferred. Particularly preferred values for x are in
  • each R 3 in the above formula may be different if x ⁇ 2.
  • the alkylene oxide unit in the square bracket may be varied.
  • the value 3 for x has been chosen as an example and can be quite large where the variation width increases with increasing x values and includes, for example, a large number (EO) groups combined with a small number (PO) groups or vice versa
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above and x is from 1 to 30, preferably from 1 to 20 and especially from 6 to 18, especially surfactants are preferred in which the radicals R 1 and R 2 have 9 to 14 C atoms, R 3 is H and x assumes values of 6 to 15
  • the indicated C chain lengths and degrees of ethoxylation or degree of alkoxylation of the aforementioned nonionic surfactants represent statistical averages which may be a whole or a fractional number for a particular product. Because of the preparation processes, commercial products of the formulas mentioned are usually not made of an individual member but of mixtures Both for the C chain lengths and for the degrees of ethoxylation or degrees of alkoxylation, mean values and, consequently, fractional numbers may result
  • nonionic surfactants can be used not only as individual substances but also as surfactant mixtures of two, three, four or more surfactants.
  • Surfactant mixtures are not mixtures of nonionic surfactants which in their entirety fall under one of the abovementioned general formulas rather, such mixtures containing two, three, four or more nonionic surfactants which can be described by different of the aforementioned general formulas
  • anionic surfactants are used as constituents of automatic dishwashing agents, their content, based on the total weight of the compositions, is preferably less than 4% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight and very particularly preferably less than 1% by weight of automatic dishwashing agents which do not contain anionic surfactants are particularly preferred
  • cationic active substances for example, cationic compounds of the following formulas can be used
  • each R 1 group is independently selected from Cv 6 -AIkVl-, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl groups
  • each group R 2 is independently selected from C 8-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups
  • R 3 R 1 or ( CH 2 ) n -TR 2
  • R 4 R 1 or R 2 or (CH 2 ) n -TR 2
  • T -CH 2 -, -O-CO- or -CO-O- and n is an integer from O to 5 is
  • the content of cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants is preferably less than 6% by weight, preferably less than 4% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 2% by weight and in particular less than 1% by weight automatic dishwashing agents, which do not contain cationic or amphoteric surfactants are particularly preferred
  • the group of polymers in particular pay the detergents or cleaning-active polymers, for example the clear-powder polymers and / or polymers effective as softeners.
  • the detergents or cleaning-active polymers for example the clear-powder polymers and / or polymers effective as softeners.
  • cationic, anionic and amphoteric polymers can be used in detergents or cleaners in addition to nonionic polymers
  • “Cationic polymers” in the context of the present invention are polymers which carry a positive charge in the polymer molecule. This can be realized, for example, by (alkyl) ammonium groups or other positively charged groups present in the polymer chain.
  • Particularly preferred cationic polymers are derived from the groups of the quaternized cellulose Derivatives of quaternary group polysiloxanes, cationic guar derivatives, dimethyldiallylammonium polymeric salts and their copolymers with esters and amides of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with quaternized derivatives of dialkylaminoacrylate and methacrylate, vinylpyrrolidone-methoimidazolinium chloride copolymers, the quaternized polyvinyl alcohols or the polymers listed under the INCI names Polyquatermum 2, Polyquaternium 17, Polyquaternium 18 and Polyquaternium 27
  • particularly preferred cationic or amphoteric polymers contain as monomer unit a compound of the general formula
  • R 1 and R 4 independently of one another are H or a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
  • R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or aminoalkyl group in which the alkyl radical is linear or branched is and has between 1 and 6 carbon atoms, which is preferably a methyl group
  • x and y independently of one another are integers between 1 and 3.
  • X " represents a counterion, preferably a counterion from the group chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate , Hydrogen sulfate, methosulfate, lauryl sulfate, dodecylbenzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate), cumene sulfonate, xylene sulfonate, phosphate citrate, formate, acetate or mixtures thereof
  • R 1 and R 4 in the above formula are selected from -CH 3, -CH 2 -CH 3, - CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 3, -CH (CH 3) -CH 3, -CH 2 -OH , -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 -CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH (OH) -CH 2 -CH 3 , and - (CH 2 CH 2 -O) n H
  • polymers which contain a cationic monomer unit of the above general formula! in which R 1 and R 4 are H, R 2 and R 3 are methyl and x and y are each 1 The corresponding monomer unit of the formula
  • cationic or amphoteric polymers contain a monomer unit of the general formula
  • R 1 HC CR 2 -C (O) -NH- (CH 2 ) -N + R 3 R 4 R 5
  • X " in the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are independently of one another a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a linear or branched alkyl radical selected from CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 3 , - CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH (CH 3 ) -CH 3 , -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 - CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH (OH) -CH 2 -CH 3 , and - (CH 2 CH 2 -O) n is H and x is an integer between 1 and 6
  • H 2 C C (CH 3 ) -C (O) -NH- (CH 2 ) X -N + (CH 3 ) 3
  • X ' chloride also referred to as MAPTAC (Methyacrylamidopropyl- t ⁇ methylammonium-Chlo ⁇ d)
  • MAPTAC Metalacrylamidopropyl- t ⁇ methylammonium-Chlo ⁇ d
  • amphoteric polymers have not only cationic groups but also anionic groups or monomer units.
  • anionic monomer units are derived, for example, from the group of linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated carboxylates, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated phosphonates, linear or branched , saturated or unsaturated sulfates or the linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated sulfonates
  • Preferred monomer units are acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid, (dimethyl) acrylic acid, (ethyl) acrylic acid, cyanoacrylic acid, vinylsurfactant, allylacetic acid, crotonic acid , maleic acid, fumaric acid, cinnamic acid and its derivatives, the allylsulfonic acid such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid or the allylphosphonic acids
  • Preferred usable amphoteric polymers are selected from the group of the alkylacrylamide / acrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / methacrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / methylmethacrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / acrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, the
  • Preferably usable zwitterionic polymers are selected from the group of acrylamidoalkylt ⁇ alkylammoniumchlorid / acrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts, the acrylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium chloride / methacrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts and the Methacroylethylbetain / methacrylate copolymers
  • amphoteric polymers which in addition to one or more anionic monomers as cationic monomers Methacrylamidoalkyl-t ⁇ alkylammoniumchlo ⁇ d and D ⁇ methyl (d ⁇ allyl) ammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d include
  • amphoteric polymers come from the group of Methacrylamidoalkyl- t ⁇ alkylammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d / D ⁇ methyl (d ⁇ allyl) Ammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d / acrylic acid copolymers, the
  • amphoteric polymers from the group consisting of the methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride / dimethyldiallylammonium chloride / acrylic acid copolymers, the methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride / dimethyldiallylammonium chloride / acrylic acid copolymers and the methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammoniumchloromethyl / diallylammonium chloride / alkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal hydroxides. and ammonium salts
  • the polymers are present in prefabricated form.
  • the encapsulation of the polymers by means of water-soluble or water-dispersible substances is suitable here
  • Coating compositions preferably by means of water-soluble or water-dispersible natural or synthetic polymers, the encapsulation of the polymers by means of water-insoluble, fusible
  • Coating composition preferably by means of water-insoluble coating agent from the
  • Carrier materials from the group of washing or cleaning-active substances more preferably from the group of builders (scaffolds) or cobuilders
  • Washing or cleaning agents preferably contain the abovementioned cationic and / or amphoteric polymers in amounts of between 0.01 and 10% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the washing or cleaning agent.
  • Copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, monomers containing sulfonic acid groups and optionally further ionogenic or nonionogenic monomers are particularly preferably usable as sulfonic acid group-containing polymers
  • R 1 to R 3 independently of one another are -H, -CH 3 , a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl radical having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, a straight-chain or branched, mono- or polyunsaturated alkenyl radical having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, NH 2 , -OH or -COOH substituted alkyl or alkenyl radicals or -COOH or -COOR 4 , wherein R 4 is a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms
  • Particularly preferred monomers containing sulfonic acid groups are 1-acrylamido-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-methylacrylamide-2-methyl-1- ⁇ anesulfonic acid, Methacryiamido-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulf
  • ethylenically unsaturated compounds are suitable as further ionic or nonionogenic monomers.
  • the content of the polymers used in these other ionic or nonionic monomers is less than 20% by weight, based on the polymer.
  • copolymers consist of ⁇ ) one or more unsaturated carboxylic acids from the group acrylic acid,
  • the copolymers may contain the monomers from groups (I) and (I) and optionally III) in varying amounts, it being possible to combine all representatives from group (I) with all representatives from group (I) and all representatives from group (III)
  • Preferred polymers have certain structural units which are described below
  • copolymers which are structural units of the formula are preferred.
  • Acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid can also be copolymerized completely analogously with methacrylic acid derivatives containing sulfonic acid groups, as a result of which the structural units in the molecule are changed.
  • the sulfonic acid groups may be completely or partially in neutralized form, ie that the acidic acid of the sulfonic acid group in some or all sulfonic acid groups may be exchanged for metal ions, preferably alkali metal ions and especially sodium ions.
  • metal ions preferably alkali metal ions and especially sodium ions.
  • the monomer distribution of the copolymers preferably used according to the invention is in the case of copolymers which contain only monomers from groups (I) and (I), preferably in each case from 5 to 95% by weight or preferably from 50 to 90% by weight of monomer from the group ⁇ ) and 10 to 50% by weight of monomer from the group ⁇ ), each based on the polymer
  • groups (I) and (I) preferably in each case from 5 to 95% by weight or preferably from 50 to 90% by weight of monomer from the group ⁇ ) and 10 to 50% by weight of monomer from the group ⁇ ), each based on the polymer
  • terpolymers particular preference is given to those containing from 20 to 85% by weight of monomer from the group I), from 10 to 60% by weight of monomer from the group I) and from 5 to 30% by weight of the monomer from the GruDoe in FIG
  • the molecular weight of the sulfo copolymers preferably used according to the invention can be varied in order to adapt the properties of the polymers to the desired purpose.
  • Preferred detergents or cleaners are characterized in that the copolymers have molar masses of 2000 to 200,000 gmol 1 , preferably 4000 to 25,000 gmol '1 and in particular from 5000 to 15,000 gmol ' 1 have
  • the bleaching agents are a washing or cleaning substance which is used with particular preference.
  • the sodium carbonate, sodium borate tetrahydrate and sodium borate monohydrate are of particular importance.
  • Further useful bleaching agents are, for example, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O. 2 supplying peracid salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, Phthaloiminopersaure or Diperdodecandisaure
  • bleaching agents from the group of organic bleaching agents can be used.
  • Typical organic bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide.
  • Further typical organic bleaching agents are the peroxyacids, examples being the alkyl peroxyacids and the aryl peroxyacids.
  • Preferred representatives are (a) peroxybenzoic acid and their ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylic acid, peroxysteanic acid, ⁇ -phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid [phthalimoperoxyhexanoic acid (PAP)],
  • PAP phthalimoperoxyhexanoic acid
  • Nonenylamidopersuccinate and (c) aliphatic and arahphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1, 12-D ⁇ peroxycarbonsaure, 1, 9-D ⁇ peroxyazela ⁇ nsaure, Diperocysebacinsaure,
  • Diperoxybrassylic acid the diperoxyphthalic acids, 2-Decyld ⁇ peroxybutan-1, 4-diacid, N 1 N-terephthaloyl-d ⁇ (6-am ⁇ nopercapronsaue)
  • Chlorine or bromine-releasing substances can also be used as the bleaching agent.
  • suitable chlorine or bromine-releasing materials are heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloramides, for example trichlorocyanuric acid, tribromoisocyanic acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or salts thereof Cations such as potassium and sodium into consideration hydantoin compounds, such as 1,3-D ⁇ chlor-5,5-d ⁇ methylhydantho ⁇ n are also suitable According to the invention, washing or cleaning agents, in particular automatic dishwashing agents, which are 1 to 35% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably 3.5 to 20% by weight and in particular 5 to 15% by weight, of bleaching agent are preferred , preferably Nat ⁇ umpercarbonat included
  • the active oxygen content of the washing or cleaning agents, in particular the automatic dishwashing agents is in each case based on the total weight of the composition, preferably between 0.4 and 10% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 8% by weight and in particular between 0, 6 and 5% by weight of particularly preferred compositions have an active oxygen content above 0.3% by weight, preferably above 0.7% by weight, more preferably above 0.8% by weight and in particular above 1.0% by weight
  • Bleach activators are used in washing or cleaning agents, for example, in order to achieve cleaning at temperatures of 60 0 C and below, an improved bleaching effect as bleaching activators, compounds which ahphatician under perhydrolysis Peroxocarbonsauren preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C Suitable are substances which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of said carbon atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
  • polyacylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED ), acylated Tnazinde ⁇ vate, in particular 1, 5-D ⁇ acetyl-2,4-d ⁇ oxohexahydro-1, 3,5-tr ⁇ az ⁇ n (DADHT), acylated Glykolunle, especially Tetraacetylglykolunl (TAGU), N-Acyl ⁇ m ⁇ de, in particular N-Nonanoylsucc ⁇ n ⁇ m ⁇ d (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl or Isononanoyloxybenzolsulfonat (n- or iso-NOBS), Carbonsaureanhyd ⁇ de, in particular Phthalsaureanhydnd, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-D ⁇ acet
  • bleach activators are preferably used in amounts of up to 10% by weight, in particular 0.1% by weight to 8% by weight, especially 2 to 8% by weight and more preferably 2 to 6% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the bleach activator-containing agents used
  • bleach activators preferably used in the context of the present application are compounds from the group of cationic nitriles, in particular cationic nitriles of the formula
  • R 1 is -H 1 -CH 3, a C 2 - 24 alkyl or alkenyl group, a substituted C 2-24 -alkyl or -alkenyl radical having at least one substituent from the group -Cl, -Br, - OH, -NH 2 , -CN, an alkyl or Alkenylarylrest with a Ci.
  • bleach catalysts can also be used. These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as, for example, Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo saline complexes or carbonyl complexes. Also Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing T ⁇ pod ligands and Co, Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes can be used as bleach catalysts
  • Bleach-enhancing transition metal complexes in particular with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co 1 Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, preferably selected from the group of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably the cobalt (amm ⁇ n) Complexes of the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese, of the manganese sulfate are used in customary amounts, preferably in an amount of up to 5% by weight, in particular of 0.0025% by weight. % to 1% by weight and more preferably from 0.01% by weight to 0.25% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the bleach activator-containing agents. In special cases, however, it is also possible to use more bleach activator
  • proteases amylases, lipases, hemicellulases, cellulases or oxidoreductases, as well as their mixtures, are preferred.
  • These enzymes are in principle of natural origin, starting from the natural molecules
  • the use in detergents or cleaners of improved variants available, which are preferably used according to washing or cleaning agents contain enzymes preferably in total amounts of 1 x 10 6 b ⁇ s 5% by weight based on active protein
  • the protein concentration can by known methods, for example determined by the BCA method or the biuret method
  • amylases which can be used according to the invention are the ⁇ -amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, from B. amyloliquefaciens, from B stearothermophilus, from Aspergillus niger and A oryzae and the further developments of the abovementioned amylases which are improved for use in detergents and cleaners - Amylase from Bacillus sp A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and the Cyclodext ⁇ n glucanotransferase (CGTase) from S agaradherens (DSM 9948)
  • lipases or cutinases in particular because of their triglyce ⁇ d-cleaving activities, but also in order to obtain in situ persuers from suitable precursors
  • suitable precursors include, for example, the lipases originally obtainable from Humicola lanugmosa (Thermomyces lanuginosus) or further developed, in particular those containing the amino acid exchange D96L.
  • the cutinases which were originally isolated from Fusanum solani pisi and Humicola insolens can be used Cutinases whose initial enzymes were originally isolated from Pseudomonas mendocma and Fusanum solanu
  • Oxidoreductases for example oxidases, oxygenases, catalases, peroxidases, such as halo, chloro, bromo, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, dioxygenases or laccases (phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases) can advantageously be used according to the invention to increase the bleaching effect additionally preferably organic, particularly preferably aromatic, interacting with the enzymes compounds added to enhance the activity of the respective oxidoreductases (enhancer) or to ensure at very different redox potentials between the oxidizing enzymes and the stains electron flow (mediators)
  • the enzymes can be used in any form established according to the prior art. These include, for example, the solid preparations obtained by granulation, extrusion or lyophilization or, especially in the case of liquid or gel-form detergents, solutions of the enzymes, advantageously as concentrated as possible, low in water and / or with stabilizers added
  • the enzymes may be encapsulated for both the solid and liquid dosage forms, for example by spray-drying or extruding the enzyme solution together with a preferably natural polymer or in the form of capsules, for example those in which the enzymes are entrapped as in a solidified gel or in those of the core-shell type, in which an enzyme-containing core is coated with a water, air and / or chemical impermeable protective layer.
  • Supplementary layers may additionally contain further active substances, for example stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleaches or dyes
  • Such capsules are prepared by methods known per se, for example by shaking or rolling granulation or in fluid-bed processes
  • such granules for example by applying polymeric film-forming agent, low in dust and storage stable due to the coating
  • a protein and / or enzyme can be protected against damage, for example inactivation, denaturation or decomposition, for example by physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage, especially during storage.
  • Microbial recovery of the proteins and / or enzymes preferably inhibits proteolysis, in particular if Detergents or cleaning agents which contain agents for this purpose may also contain stabilizers. The provision of such agents constitutes a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • enzymes and / or enzyme preparations preferably solid protease preparations and / or amylase preparations, in amounts of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 4.5% by weight and in particular of 0.4 to 4% by weight, based in each case on the total enzyme-containing agent used
  • Glaskorrosioninhibitoren prevent the occurrence of turbidity, streaks and scratches but also iridescence of the glass surface of mechanically cleaned glasses
  • Preferred glass corrosion inhibitors come from the group of magnesium and zinc salts and the magnesium and zinc complexes
  • the spectrum of the preferred zinc salts according to the invention ranges from salts which are difficult or insoluble in water, ie a solubility below 100 mg / l, preferably below 10 mg / l, in particular below 0.01 mg / l, to those salts, which in water has a solubility greater than 100 mg / l, preferably above 500 mg / l, more preferably above 1 g / l and in particular above 5 g / l (all solubilities at 2O 0 C Water temperature)
  • the first group of zinc salts includes, for example, zinc citrate, zinc maltate and zinc stearate
  • the group of soluble zinc salts includes, for example, zinc formate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate and zinc gluconate
  • the glass corrosion inhibitor used is at least one zinc salt of an organic carboxylic acid, particularly preferably a zinc salt from the group consisting of zinc stearate,
  • the content of zinc salt in detergents or cleaners is preferably between 0.1 and ⁇ % by weight, preferably between 0.2 and 4% by weight and in particular between 0.4 and 3% by weight
  • Content of zinc in oxidized form (calculated as Zn 2+ ) between 0.01 to 1% by weight, preferably between 0.02 to 0.5% by weight and in particular between 0.04 to 0.2% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the glass corrosion inhibitor-containing agent
  • Corrosion inhibitors are used to protect the Spulgutes or the machine, wherein in the field of automatic dishwashing, especially silver protectants are of particular importance can be used, the known substances of the prior art Generally, especially silver protectants selected from the group of T ⁇ azole, the Benzotnazole, Bisbenzot ⁇ azole, the Benzotnazole and / or Alkylaminot ⁇ azol According to the invention preferably 3-amino-5-alkyl-1, 2,4-triazole or their physiologically acceptable salts are used, these substances with particular preference in a concentration of 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.0025 to 2% by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.04% by weight are used
  • Preferred acids for salt formation are hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, Carbonic acid, sulphurous acid, organic Ca Acids such as acetic, glycolic, citric and succinic acids Very particularly effective are 5-pentyl, 5-heptyl, 5-nonyl
  • Chlorine-free detergents also contain oxygen-containing and nitrogen-containing organic redox-active compounds, such as dihydric and trihydric phenols, for example hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, Phloroglucm, pyrogallol or derivatives of these compounds used also salt and complex inorganic compounds, such as salts of metals Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Co and Ce are often used
  • preference is given to the transition metal salts which are selected from the group of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, more preferably the cobalt (ammine) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese and manganese sulfate be used to prevent corrosion on Spulgut
  • redox-active substances can be used. These substances are preferably inorganic redox-active substances from the group of Manganese, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, cobalt and cerium salts and / or complexes, wherein the metals are preferably present in one of the oxidation states II, III, IV, V or VI
  • the metal salts or metal complexes used should be at least partially soluble in water.
  • the counterions suitable for salt formation comprise all conventional mono-, di-, or tri-negatively charged inorganic anions, for example oxide, sulfate, nitrate, fluoride, but also organic anions such as stearate
  • metal salts and / or metal complexes are selected from the group MnSO 4 , Mn (II) -citrate, Mn (II) stearate, Mn (II) acetylacetonate, Mn (II) - [1-hydroxyethane-1, 1- diphosphonate], V 2 O 5 , V 2 O 4 , VO 2 , TiOSO 4 , K 2 TiF 6 , K 2 ZrF 6 , CoSO 4 , Co (NO 3 ) 2 , Ce (NO 3 ) 3 , and mixtures thereof, such that the metal salts and / or metal complexes are selected from the group MnSO 4 , Mn (II) -citrate, Mn (II) stearate, Mn (II) acetylacetonate, Mn (II) - [I -hydroxyethane-1,1 - diphosphonate], V 2 O 5 , V 2 O 4 , VO
  • the inorganic redox-active substances are preferably coated, ie completely coated with a water-tight material which is readily soluble in the cleaning temperatures, in order to prevent their premature decomposition or oxidation during storage.
  • Preferred coating materials which are prepared by known processes, for example melt-coating processes according to Sandwik from the food industry, are paraffins, microwaxes, waxes of natural origin such as carnauba wax, candellila wax, beeswax, high-melting alcohols such as hexadecanol, soaps or fatty acids
  • the metal salts and / or metal complexes mentioned are contained in cleaning agents, preferably in an amount of 0.05 to 6% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 2.5% by weight, in each case based on the total agent
  • Disintegrating agents or disintegrants are understood as excipients which are used for the rapid disintegration of tablets in water or other media and for drained release of the active ingredients
  • Swelling disintegration aids are, for example, synthetic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or natural polymers or modified natural substances such as cellulose and starch and their derivatives, algmates or casein derivatives
  • Disintegration aids are preferably used in amounts of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 7% by weight and in particular from 4 to 6% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the disintegration assistant-containing agent
  • Preferred disintegrating agents are cellulosic disintegrating agents, so that preferred detergents or cleaners contain such disintegrants based on cellulose in amounts of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 7% by weight and in particular from 4 to 6% by weight cellulose has the formal empirical composition (C 6 H 10 O) n and, formally, is a beta-1, 4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5000 glucose units and consequently have average molar masses of 50,000 to 500,000.
  • Cellulosic disintegrating agents which can be used in the context of the present invention are cellulose derivatives obtainable by polymer-analogous reactions of cellulose.
  • Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products of esterification or etherification in which Hydroxy hydrogen atoms substi
  • celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bonded via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives.
  • the group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkahcelluloses, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Cellulose esters and ethers and aminocelluloses
  • CMC carboxymethylcellulose
  • the cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone as cellulose-based disintegrating agents but are used in admixture with cellulose.
  • the content of these mixtures of cellulose derivatives is preferably below 50% by weight, more preferably below 20% by weight, based on Cellulose-based disintegration agent Cellulose-based disintegration agent which is free of cellulose derivatives is particularly preferably used
  • the cellulose used as disintegration aid is preferably not used in feinteihger form, but converted into a coarser form, for example, granulated or compacted before admixing the premixes to be compressed.
  • the particle sizes of such disintegrating agents are generally above 200 .mu.m, preferably at least 90% by weight 300 and 1600 ⁇ m and in particular at least 90% by weight between 400 and 1200 ⁇ m
  • a further disintegrating agent based on cellulose or as a component of this component microcrystalline cellulose can be used. This microcrystalline cellulose was obtained by partial hydrolysis of celluloses under conditions which attack and completely dissolve only the amorphous regions (about 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses. but leave the crystalline areas (about 70%) without damage.
  • microcrystalline celluloses which have particle sizes of about 5 ⁇ m and can be compacted, for example, into granules having an average particle size of 200 ⁇ m
  • Preferred disintegration auxiliaries preferably a cellulose-based disintegration assistant, preferably in granular, cogranulated or compacted form, are present in the disintegrating agent-containing agents in amounts of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 7% by weight and in particular from 4 to 6% by weight -%, in each case based on the total weight of the disintegrating agent-containing agent
  • the gas-evolving effervescent system may consist of a single substance which releases a gas on contact with water.
  • these compounds is in particular the magnesium peroxide, which releases oxygen upon contact with water
  • gas-releasing effervescent system in turn of at least two components that react with each other to form gas
  • Preferred effervescent systems consist of Alkahmetallcarbonat and / or bicarbonate and an acidifying agent which is suitable from the Alka lime salts in an aqueous solution to release carbon dioxide
  • Acidifying agents that release carbon dioxide from the alkali salts in an aqueous solution include, for example, boric acid and alkali metal hydrogensulfates,
  • Alkali metal dihydrogen phosphates and other inorganic salts can be used, however, preferably organic Acidisersstoff be used, the citric acid is a particularly preferred Acidisersstoff Preferred are acidifiers in the effervescent system from the group of organic di-, tri- and Ohgocarbonsauren or mixtures
  • fragrances or fragrances within the scope of the present invention, individual fragrance compounds, for example the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, However, it is preferred to use mixtures of different fragrances which together produce a pleasing fragrance.
  • perfume oils may also contain natural odoriferous substances, such as those obtainable from vegetable sources, such as pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouli. , Rose or ylang-ylang oil
  • a fragrance In order to be perceptible, a fragrance must be volatilized, in addition to the nature of the functional groups and the structure of the chemical compound and the molecular weight plays an important role So most fragrances have molecular weights up to about 200 daltons, while molar masses of 300 daltons and more represent an exception Due to the different odor of odoriferous substances, the smell of a perfume or fragrance composed of several fragrances changes during evaporation, whereby the odor impressions in "top note”, “middle note” or “middle note” As the perception of smell is based to a large extent on the odor intensity, the top note of a perfume or fragrance is not all from volatile compounds, while the base note for the most part from less volatile, ie Adherent fragrances persists in the composition of perfume For example, in the subsequent classification of the fragrances in "light volatiles" or "firmly adhering" fragrances, the odor impression and whether the corresponding fragrance is used as the topping material can be easily bound to specific fixatives,
  • the fragrances can be processed directly, but it may also be advantageous to apply the fragrances on wearers that provide a slower release of fragrance for long-lasting fragrance As such Tragermateriahen example, Cyclodext ⁇ ne have preserved, the cyclodextrin-perfume complexes additionally with other excipients can be coated
  • Preferred dyes the selection of which presents no difficulty to the skilled person, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the agents and to light and no pronounced substantivity to the substrates to be treated with the dye-containing agents such as textiles, glass, ceramics or plastic tableware do not stain them
  • the colorant When choosing the colorant, it must be taken into account that the colorants have a high storage stability and insensitivity to light. At the same time, when choosing suitable colorants, it must be taken into account that colorants have different stabilities have oxidation. In general, water-insoluble colorants are more stable to oxidation than water-soluble colorants. Depending on the solubility and thus also on the sensitivity to oxidation, the concentration of the colorant in the detergents or cleaners varies. For highly soluble colorants dyestuff concentrations in the range of some 10 '2 to 10' 3 wt .-% are typically chosen. In the due to their brilliance, particularly preferred, but are less readily water-soluble pigment dyes is the appropriate concentration of the coloring agent in washing or cleaning agents, however, typically a few 10 "3 to 10" 4 wt .-%.
  • Dyeing agents which can be oxidatively destroyed in the washing process and mixtures thereof with suitable blue dyes, so-called blue toners, are preferred. It has proven to be advantageous to use colorants which are soluble in water or at room temperature in liquid organic substances. Suitable are, for example, anionic colorants, e.g. anionic nitrosofarads.
  • the detergents or cleaners can contain further ingredients which further improve the performance and / or aesthetic properties of these compositions.
  • Preferred agents contain one or more substances from the group of electrolytes, pH regulators, fluorescers, hydrotopes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti redeposition agents, optical brighteners,
  • Graying inhibitors anti-shrinkage agents, anti-wrinkling agents, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, antistatic agents, ironing aids, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and anti-slip agents and UV absorbers.
  • electrolytes from the group of inorganic salts a wide number of different salts can be used.
  • Preferred cations are the alkali and alkaline earth metals, preferred anions are the halides and sulfates. From a manufacturing point of view, the use of NaCl or MgCl 2 in the washing or cleaning agents is preferred.
  • pH adjusters In order to bring the pH of detergents or cleaners into the desired range, the use of pH adjusters may be indicated. Can be used here are all known acids or alkalis, unless their use is not for technical application or environmental reasons or for reasons of consumer protection prohibited. Usually, the amount of these adjusting agents does not exceed 1% by weight of the total formulation.
  • Suitable foam inhibitors are, inter alia, soaps, oils, fats, paraffins or silicone oils, which may optionally be applied to support materials.
  • carrier materials are suitable
  • inorganic salts such as carbonates or sulfates, Cellulosedenvate or silicates and mixtures of the aforementioned materials in the present application preferred agents include paraffins, preferably unbranched paraffins (n-Paraffi ⁇ e) and / or silicones, preferably linear-polymeric silicones, which according to the scheme ( R 2 SiO) x are constructed and are also known as silicone oils
  • silicone oils are usually clear, colorless, neutral, odor-free, hydrophobic liquids having a molecular weight from 1000 to 150,000 and viscosities from 10 to 1,000,000 mPa s represents
  • Suitable antiredeposition agents which are also referred to as soil repellents, are, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of 15 to 30% by weight and hydroxypropyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether and polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid known from the prior art or of their derivatives, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionic modified derivatives of these Particularly preferred are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid. polymers of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid known from the prior art or of their derivatives, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionic modified derivatives of these Particularly preferred are the
  • Optical brighteners can be added to laundry detergents or cleaners to eliminate graying and yellowing of treated fabrics. These fabrics draw on the fiber and cause lightening and predissolved bleaching action by converting invisible ultraviolet radiation into visible long-wavelength light wherein the absorbed from sunlight ultraviolet light is radiated as pale bluish fluorescence and pure for the yellow shade of the grayed or yellowed washing White results Suitable compounds originate for example from the substance classes of the 4,4 '-D ⁇ am ⁇ no-2,2' -st ⁇ lbend ⁇ sulfonsauren (Flavesauren ), 4,4'-D ⁇ styryl-b ⁇ phenylen,
  • Graying inhibitors have the task to keep suspended from the fiber debris suspended in the fleet and so prevent the re-uptake of dirt
  • water-soluble colloids are mostly organic nature suitable, for example, the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether sulfonic acids or the cellulose or salts of acid or acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
  • water-soluble, acidic group-containing polyamides are suitable for this purpose.
  • soluble starch preparations and other than the above-mentioned starch products can be used, eg degraded starch, strong aldehydes, etc.
  • Polyvinylpyrrolidone is also useful Cellulosic ethers, such as carboxymethylcellulose (Na salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers, can also be used as graying inhibitors
  • synthetic anti-crease agents can be used.
  • Phobic and impregnation processes are used to furnish textiles with substances which prevent the deposition of dirt or facilitate its leachability.
  • Preferred phobic and impregnating agents are perfluorinated fatty acids, also in the form of their aluminum and zirconium salts, organic silicates, silicones, polyacrylic acid esters with perfluorinated alcohols. Component or polyfunctional compounds coupled with perfluorinated acyl or sulfonyl radical. Antistatic agents may also be present.
  • the soil-repellent treatment with repellents and impregnating agents is often classified as an easy-care equipment.
  • hydrophobing agents used for hydrophobizing coat textiles, leather, paper, wood, etc. with a very thin layer of hydrophobic groups, such as longer alkyl chains or siloxane groups are suitable hydrophobic agents For example, paraffins, waxes, metal soaps, etc.
  • hydrophobized materials do not feel greasy, but - similar to greases - water droplets emit water from them without moistening.
  • silicone-impregnated textiles have a soft feel and are water and dirt repellent, stains from ink, Wine, fruit juices and the like are lei remove it Antimicrobial agents can be used to combat microorganisms.
  • bacteriostatic agents bactericides, fungistats and fungicides, etc.
  • Important substances from these groups are, for example, benzalkonium chlorides, alkylarlylsulfonates, halophenols and phenolmercu ⁇ acetate, whereby these compounds are completely dispensed with can
  • compositions may contain antioxidants.
  • This compound includes, for example, substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechols and aromatic amines as well as organic sulfides, polysulfides , Dithiocarbamates, phosphites and phosphonates
  • Antistatics increase the surface conductance and thus allow an improved drainage of formed charges.
  • Outer antistatic agents are generally substances with at least one hydrophilic molecule ligand and give on the surfaces a more or less hygroscopic film These mostly surface-active antistatic agents can be divided into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus (phosphoric acid esters) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammoniumchlo ⁇ de are also suitable as antistatic agents for textiles or as an additive to detergents, in addition Avivage bin is achieved
  • Silikonde ⁇ vate are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylaryl siloxanes in which the alkyl groups
  • Preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes which may be denatured and are then amino-functional or quaternized or have Si-OH, Si-H and / or S ⁇ -Cl bonds.
  • Further preferred silicones are the polyalkylene oxide-modified polysiloxanes, ie polysiloxanes which comprise, for example, polyethylene glycols and the polyalkylene oxide-modified dimethylpolysiloxanes
  • UV absorbers which are applied to the treated textiles and improve the light stability of the fibers.
  • Compounds having these desired properties are, for example, the compounds which are active by radiationless deactivation and derivatives of benzophenone having substituents in 2- and / or 4-position.
  • substituted benzotriazoles in the 3-position phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives), optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, Saiicyiate, organic Ni Kornpiexe and natural substances such as Umbeiiifero ⁇ and the body's own Urocanklare suitable.
  • Protein hydrolyzates are due to their fiber-care effect further in the context of the present invention preferred active substances from the field of detergents and cleaners.
  • Protein hydrolysates are product mixtures obtained by acid, alkaline or enzymatically catalyzed degradation of proteins (proteins).
  • protein hydrolysates of both vegetable and animal origin can be used.
  • Animal protein hydrolysates are, for example, elastin, collagen, keratin, silk and milk protein protein hydrolysates, which may also be present in the form of salts.
  • Preferred according to the invention is the use of protein hydrolysates of plant origin, e.g. Soy, almonds, rice, pea, potato and wheat protein hydrolysates.
  • protein hydrolysates are preferred as such, amino acid mixtures or individual amino acids obtained otherwise, such as, for example, arginine, lysine, histidine or pyrroglutamic acid, may also be used in their place. Also possible is the use of derivatives of protein hydrolysates, for example in the form of their fatty acid condensation products.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une unité de dosage d'agent de lavage ou de nettoyage qui comprend a) un article moulé d'agent de lavage ou de nettoyage qui se présente sous forme d'une tablette annulaire avec une cavité et une paroi interne d'article moulé qui délimite la cavité sous forme de surface d'enveloppe, ainsi que b) une composition d'agent de lavage ou de nettoyage fluide qui est fixée dans la cavité. Cette invention est caractérisée en ce que la paroi interne de l'article moulé présente au moins un coin arrondi avec un angle de coin supérieur à 2 mm. Cette unité de dosage est caractérisée par une meilleure stabilité au stockage et au transport.
PCT/EP2006/004115 2005-05-12 2006-05-03 Unite de dosage d'agent de lavage ou de nettoyage WO2006119898A1 (fr)

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DE102005022786.4A DE102005022786B4 (de) 2005-05-12 2005-05-12 Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteldosiereinheit
DE102005022786.4 2005-05-12

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2388309B1 (fr) 2010-05-17 2016-10-05 Dalli-Werke GmbH & Co. KG Pastilles de détergent dotées de plus de quatre surfaces latérales

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10062582A1 (de) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-27 Henkel Kgaa Befüllte Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper
WO2005105974A1 (fr) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Henkel Kommanditgesellchaft Auf Aktien Procedes pour la production de detergents et de nettoyants
WO2006045452A1 (fr) * 2004-10-22 2006-05-04 Henkel Komanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Agents de lavage ou de nettoyage
WO2006066723A1 (fr) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-29 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Procede de production d'un detergent ou nettoyant en dose individuelle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19932765A1 (de) * 1999-07-14 2001-01-18 Henkel Kgaa Befüllte Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper
DE10254313A1 (de) * 2002-11-21 2004-06-09 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren zur Herstellung befüllter Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper
DE102004040330A1 (de) * 2004-08-20 2006-03-02 Henkel Kgaa Beschichteter Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittelformkörper
DE102004051619A1 (de) * 2004-10-22 2006-04-27 Henkel Kgaa Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10062582A1 (de) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-27 Henkel Kgaa Befüllte Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper
WO2005105974A1 (fr) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Henkel Kommanditgesellchaft Auf Aktien Procedes pour la production de detergents et de nettoyants
WO2006045452A1 (fr) * 2004-10-22 2006-05-04 Henkel Komanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Agents de lavage ou de nettoyage
WO2006066723A1 (fr) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-29 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Procede de production d'un detergent ou nettoyant en dose individuelle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2388309B1 (fr) 2010-05-17 2016-10-05 Dalli-Werke GmbH & Co. KG Pastilles de détergent dotées de plus de quatre surfaces latérales

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