WO2007139383A1 - Mécanisme de levage, répartiteur et mécanisme de levage équipé d'un tel composant, procédé de manipulation d'une charge - Google Patents

Mécanisme de levage, répartiteur et mécanisme de levage équipé d'un tel composant, procédé de manipulation d'une charge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007139383A1
WO2007139383A1 PCT/NL2007/050251 NL2007050251W WO2007139383A1 WO 2007139383 A1 WO2007139383 A1 WO 2007139383A1 NL 2007050251 W NL2007050251 W NL 2007050251W WO 2007139383 A1 WO2007139383 A1 WO 2007139383A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hoisting
spreader
load
suspension
hoisting mechanism
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2007/050251
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Apollos Adriaan Van Oord
Original Assignee
Mammoet Van Oord Holding B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mammoet Van Oord Holding B.V. filed Critical Mammoet Van Oord Holding B.V.
Publication of WO2007139383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007139383A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a hoisting mechanism, in particular a hoisting mechanism with a spreader for use with a hoisting appliance such as a crane.
  • a hoisting mechanism with a spreader which has a longitudinal direction and is suspended from a suspension point of the crane by two suspension elements.
  • the suspension elements are attached on opposite sides of a middle and preferably near opposite ends of the spreader, so that a triangle of forces is created and the load can be suspended from the spreader with the aid of at least two cables.
  • the cables are preferably also arranged at the two opposite ends of the spreader. In this way, the cables can extend approximately vertically, yielding a favorable distribution of forces.
  • crane should be understood to mean at least, though not exclusively, a hoisting appliance such as a (hoisting) crane, crab, fixed hoisting point, hoisting hook, tackle, jack or other device with which a load can be carried and can be displaced in vertical and/or horizontal direction or otherwise.
  • a hoisting appliance such as a (hoisting) crane, crab, fixed hoisting point, hoisting hook, tackle, jack or other device with which a load can be carried and can be displaced in vertical and/or horizontal direction or otherwise.
  • spreader should be understood to mean at least, though not exclusively, a device used in a hoisting mechanism by which hoisting elements such as hoisting wires, hoisting cables or hoisting chains can be held at a distance from each other, in particular above a load.
  • a spreader can for instance have a longitudinal direction between two ends and be substantially beam-shaped, possibly provided with, for instance, widened portions at suitable positions such as the ends referred to.
  • Such spreaders may also be referred to as yokes.
  • spreader should further be understood to encompass at least, though not exclusively, a hoisting frame or like load distributing device.
  • a load is lifted with two cranes instead of a spreader.
  • a hoisting cable of a first crane is attached near a first end of the load and a hoisting cable of the second crane near the opposite, second end.
  • the load is lifted with the two cranes, for instance in horizontal orientation, after which, when a sufficient height has been reached, the hoisting cable of the first crane is pulled further up and/or the hoisting cable of the second crane is paid out, at least is pulled up less, so that the first end can be brought above the second end.
  • Such a method is costly because two cranes are needed and moreover this requires particular coordination of the movements of the two cranes.
  • a horizontally lying load is attached to or in a swivel point, for instance a tilting block or hinge, for instance near a lower end which is placed on the fixed world, such as a ship, pontoon, container, frame, foundation or the like, while an upper end is coupled with a hoisting cable of a crane.
  • the hoisting cable is hauled in, so that the upper end is lifted, to a point above the lower end, while the load swivels in the swivel point.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that it can only be carried out there where a swivel point can be set up fixedly. Further, in many cases the load will have to be uncoupled from the swivel point, which may be time consuming and costly.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a hoisting mechanism with a spreader, which during use enables manipulation of a load.
  • a hoisting mechanism is characterized in that a spreader and at least one winch device are provided, such that with the or each winch device the length of a hoisting element between the spreader and the load can be varied, relative to the length of another hoisting element by which the load is suspended from the spreader.
  • the spreader may be suspended by a suspension point from a crane or like hoisting means. With the latter, the whole load can be simply lifted and displaced, while with the same hoisting mechanism the position
  • a load can for instance be simply brought from a lying position to an upright position (conventionally also referred to as tailing or up-ending) and vice versa, or to any intermediate position.
  • a hoisting mechanism is characterized in that a driven winch device is provided, at least partly and preferably wholly mounted on and/or to the spreader.
  • the hoisting mechanism can be used at any position above for instance the fixed ground, open water, a deck of a ship, or a foundation, at any desired height, while allowing accurate manipulation. Moreover, this does not require any complicated coordination of hoisting means.
  • a hoisting mechanism is characterized in that at least one of the hoisting elements and in particular the second, winch device-driven hoisting element, is provided with a pulley or block construction or like force-reducing device between the spreader and the load, so that the forces in the second hoisting element can be reduced considerably, thus allowing a relatively thin cable to be used.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments can naturally be wholly or partly combined within the invention.
  • the invention further relates to a crane, provided with a hoisting mechanism according to the invention, and to a spreader provided with at least one winch device, in particular for use in, at least for forming, a hoisting mechanism according to the invention.
  • the invention further relates to a method for manipulating a load.
  • such a method is characterized in that the load has a longitudinal direction and with at least a first and a second hoisting element is suspended from a spreader which is suspended from a hoisting appliance such as a crane, wherein the load is lifted with the aid of the hoisting appliance and thereupon the position (orientation) of the longitudinal direction of the load relative to the spreader is changed by adjusting, with the aid of at least one winch device at the spreader, the length of the second hoisting element between the load and the spreader relative to the length of the first hoisting element between the load and the spreader, or vice versa.
  • both hoisting elements may be adjusted in length, for instance with two winches.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows in side elevation a hoisting appliance according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows in side elevation a load suspended from a hoisting mechanism with a spreader, with the load extending horizontally;
  • Fig. 3 shows in front view the hoisting mechanism with load according to Fig. 2, in the elevational views A-A and B-B in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 shows in side elevation the hoisting mechanism according to Figs. 1-3, with the load in a vertical position;
  • Fig. 4A schematically shows in side elevation an alternative embodiment of a hoisting mechanism with a spreader, with two winch devices;
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a suspension point of a hoisting mechanism according to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows in side elevation a crane according to the invention, with a hoisting mechanism in an alternative embodiment.
  • a hoisting appliance in the form of a crane 1 with a hoisting mechanism 2 is shown.
  • This is for instance a hoisting crane standing on the ground but may also be a traveling or floating crane or other hoisting appliance.
  • the hoisting mechanism 2 is suspended, in a suspension point 3, from a hoisting cable 4 of the crane 1.
  • the crane 1 comprises conventional driving means and steering means, not further shown nor described here, by which the hoisting cable 4 can be hauled in, at least wound up, and be paid out, at least unwound, so that the suspension point 3 can be moved up and down in the direction V, while moreover the arm 5 of the crane 1 can be moved, both in horizontal and in vertical direction, for instance by rotation and/or translation.
  • the hoisting mechanism 2 comprises in this embodiment a spreader 6, suspended from the suspension point 3 using a first suspension element 7 and a second suspension element 8, such that the first suspension element 7, the second suspension element 8 and the spreader 6 form a triangle with the suspension point 3 as vertex.
  • the first suspension element 7 is attached near a first end 9 of the spreader 6, the second suspension element 8 near an opposite, second end 10, such that the suspension elements 7, 8 are arranged on opposite sides of a middle M of the spreader 6, so that a stable suspension can be obtained.
  • the spreader 6 in this embodiment comprises a beam 11, which has a longitudinal direction L between the two ends 9, 10, and is preferably straight.
  • a crossbeam 12 is arranged, but not necessarily so. Upon loading of the spreader 6, mainly only pressure forces will occur in it, at least in the longitudinal direction L.
  • first hoisting element 13 As shown in Figs. 1-4, near the first end 9 of the spreader 6 a first hoisting element 13 is provided, while near the second end 10 a second hoisting element 14 is provided.
  • the first hoisting element comprises two parallel hoisting elements 13A, 13B, which extend from the opposite ends of the crossbeam 12. These are, for instance, cables, chains or possibly rods. Incidentally, in some cases a single first hoisting element 13 will suffice, or, conversely, multiple first hoisting elements 13A, B,... may be used.
  • a free end 22 of the or each first hoisting element 13A, B is attached near a first end 23 of a load 24, as will be further elucidated hereinafter.
  • the second hoisting element 14 is attached by a first end 15 to a winch device 16.
  • the winch device 16 in this embodiment is a motor-driven winch which is wholly carried on the spreader 6.
  • the motor drive comprises for instance a hydraulic, pneumatic or electric motor 17, although other motors may be used as well, such as, for instance, a combustion engine.
  • a drum 18 can be driven, with which the second hoisting element 14 can be wound up or unwound.
  • a transmission 18A may be provided, for instance a gearbox, clutch plates and the like.
  • the winch device 16 in the exemplary embodiment shown is arranged near the first end 9 of the spreader 6 because of the interplay of forces in a situation such as is shown in Fig. 4 and will be further elucidated hereinafter.
  • the winch device can be arranged at any desired position, optionally also partly at a distance from the spreader, as will be shown in more detail hereinafter.
  • the second hoisting element 14 extends from the winch device 16 along the spreader 6, substantially in the longitudinal direction L, and has been passed over a guide 19, for instance a roller at the second end 10, and proceeds to extend downwards.
  • an assembly 20 of pulleys or blocks 21 is arranged over which the second hoisting element 14 has been passed a few times, to reduce the forces in the hoisting element, during loading.
  • Such as assembly 20 can also be made of different design or be omitted.
  • the second hoisting element 14 is preferably a cable, preferably relatively thin, so that it can be wound relatively simply. Under the assembly 20, the free end of the second hoisting element 14 is attached near a second end 25 of the load 24, for instance directly or via a yoke 26 and further blocks 27.
  • each suspension element 7, 8 is of double design, attached at the ends of the crossbeams 12, for extra stability and maneuverability. However, that is not requisite either. They may also be made of single design or be designed with multiple elements.
  • the load 24 is suspended such that it can move and in particular rotate relative to the first hoisting element 13 and relative to the second hoisting element 14, in or approximately parallel to a plane W defined by the longitudinal direction L of the spreader 6 and the suspension point 3.
  • the two suspension elements 7, 8 are mounted in the suspension point 3, such that they are movable relative to each other and relative to the suspension point 3.
  • the suspension point is provided with, for instance, a single or two parallel plates 29 having therein pivots 30 or holes on which or in which the suspension elements 7, 8 are suspended by means of loops 31.
  • a further pivot 32 or hole is provided, with which or in which the hoisting cable 4 in turn is mounted via a loop 33.
  • the opposite ends of the suspension elements 7, 8 are moreover movably, in particular rotatably, mounted on the spreader, so that the shape and/or position of the triangle referred to can change, without the length of the suspension elements 7, 8 and/or the spreader 6 changing.
  • the load 24 which in the example shown is a foundation element for instance for a windmill, has a longitudinal direction K which in Fig. 2 extends approximately horizontally, parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the spreader 6.
  • the load 24 can be lifted up by means of the crane 1, for instance off the ground or a deck 34 of a ship or other support.
  • the orientation of the longitudinal axis K of the load 24 can be changed, in particular to a more vertical position, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • This is conventionally indicated by the terms up-ending or tailing.
  • the second hoisting element 14 is paid out, so that the distance D between the underside of the spreader 6 and the load 24 is enlarged.
  • the second end 25 of the load will come down while the second end of the spreader 6 will rise relative thereto and the weight of the load will be borne more by the first hoisting element 13.
  • the triangle formed by the suspension elements 7, 8 and the spreader will tilt. In the eventual position as shown in Fig.
  • the load 24 in which the load 24, at least the longitudinal axis K thereof, hangs entirely vertically, the load is virtually entirely borne by the first hoisting element 13, while the second hoisting element 14 is held at a distance from the load 24, at least for the most part.
  • the movement in the opposite direction is also possible, by hauling in the second hoisting element 14 with the winch device 16 and winding it onto the drum 18, until a desired position of the load 24 has been achieved.
  • Fig. 4A schematically shows in side elevation an alternative embodiment of a spreader 6, in which two winch devices 16A, 16B are provided.
  • a first winch device 16A is arranged near a first end 9 of the spreader 6, the other winch device 16B near the opposite, second end 10.
  • the end to be chosen then being preferably the end where the load 24 will be borne for the most part when it has been brought in a vertical position. As a result, the load will be borne substantially under the suspension point 3.
  • the different hoisting elements 13, 14 can be adjusted in length relative to each other and relative to the spreader, both independently of each other or, given a suitable coupling, dependently on each other.
  • a regulating device may be provided with which the movements of the winch devices, at least of the drums thereof, are coupled mechanically or, preferably, electronically, thus enabling changes in position to be carried out automatically.
  • Multiple winch devices and/or multiple hoisting elements can be used, for instance set up in a triangle or multiangular configuration on the spreader, so that a load carried under the spreader is movable in multiple directions relative to the spreader, rendering it tiltable about multiple axes.
  • the winch device or one or more of the winch devices may be movable on the spreader, so that always an optimum load can be obtained.
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows a crane 1 according to Fig. 1, with a comparable hoisting mechanism 2, but with a winch device 16 of different design.
  • a preferably driven and/or braked drum 18 has been placed, around which the second hoisting element 14 has been wound at least a few times, after which the second hoisting element extends in the direction of the ground, deck or other fixed part, where a human 40, animal or mechanical device 17 can haul in or pay out the second hoisting element 14, likewise allowing the opposite end, connected with the load 24, to be moved up and down.
  • a human 40, animal or mechanical device 17 can haul in or pay out the second hoisting element 14, likewise allowing the opposite end, connected with the load 24, to be moved up and down.
  • a spreader can have a different shape and, for instance, have more or fewer crossbeams or even none, it may be window-shaped or be length- and/or width-adjustable, multiple suspension elements may be used and, of course, different loads may be picked up, moved and changed in orientation, a suitable spreader being possible for every load.
  • The, a or each winch device can, in principle, be placed at a different position than on the spreader, for instance wholly or partly in and/or under the spreader or, for instance, mounted on the suspension elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un mécanisme de levage (2) doté d'un répartiteur suspendu à un point de suspension (3), ledit répartiteur (6) étant suspendu au point de suspension par au moins un premier et un deuxième éléments de suspension et est pourvu d'un premier élément de levage (13) et d'un deuxième élément de levage (14) sur lequel on trouve au moins un treuil qui permet de régler la longueur de l'un des premiers et du second éléments de levage relativement à au moins la longueur de l'autre premier élément de levage et du second.
PCT/NL2007/050251 2006-05-29 2007-05-29 Mécanisme de levage, répartiteur et mécanisme de levage équipé d'un tel composant, procédé de manipulation d'une charge WO2007139383A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1031902A NL1031902C2 (nl) 2006-05-29 2006-05-29 Hijsinrichting, spreader en een daarmee uitgerust hijstoestel, alsmede werkwijze voor manipuleren van een last.
NL1031902 2006-05-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007139383A1 true WO2007139383A1 (fr) 2007-12-06

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PCT/NL2007/050251 WO2007139383A1 (fr) 2006-05-29 2007-05-29 Mécanisme de levage, répartiteur et mécanisme de levage équipé d'un tel composant, procédé de manipulation d'une charge

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NL (1) NL1031902C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007139383A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2423146A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-02-29 Demag Cranes & Components GmbH Agencement et procédé de travail destinés à retourner une charge suspendue
WO2011123816A3 (fr) * 2010-04-01 2012-10-26 Par Systems, Inc. Mât à support résistant
WO2015014491A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh Poutre basculante
US9834418B2 (en) 2012-09-21 2017-12-05 Par Systems, Inc. Boat deployment assembly and method
DE102016012723A1 (de) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-26 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Verfahren zum Heben einer Last
US10494233B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2019-12-03 Par Systems, Llc Relocatable fine motion positioner assembly on an overhead crane
US11981541B2 (en) 2021-09-15 2024-05-14 P.I.P. Lift LLC Lifting device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1408805A1 (de) * 1961-02-23 1968-10-10 Cie Des Ateliers Et Forges De Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Handhabung von Zylindern und Trommeloefen
GB1227877A (fr) * 1968-05-31 1971-04-07
GB2063210A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-06-03 British Steel Corp Lifting device
US4462627A (en) * 1982-03-15 1984-07-31 Cranston Machinery Co., Inc. Lift frame assembly
US5205544A (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-04-27 Kroeger Donald E Remotely controlled winch

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1408805A1 (de) * 1961-02-23 1968-10-10 Cie Des Ateliers Et Forges De Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Handhabung von Zylindern und Trommeloefen
GB1227877A (fr) * 1968-05-31 1971-04-07
GB2063210A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-06-03 British Steel Corp Lifting device
US4462627A (en) * 1982-03-15 1984-07-31 Cranston Machinery Co., Inc. Lift frame assembly
US5205544A (en) * 1991-03-01 1993-04-27 Kroeger Donald E Remotely controlled winch

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011123816A3 (fr) * 2010-04-01 2012-10-26 Par Systems, Inc. Mât à support résistant
US9908750B2 (en) 2010-04-01 2018-03-06 Par Systems, Inc. Tensile truss mast
EP2423146A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-02-29 Demag Cranes & Components GmbH Agencement et procédé de travail destinés à retourner une charge suspendue
US9834418B2 (en) 2012-09-21 2017-12-05 Par Systems, Inc. Boat deployment assembly and method
US10494233B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2019-12-03 Par Systems, Llc Relocatable fine motion positioner assembly on an overhead crane
WO2015014491A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh Poutre basculante
DE102016012723A1 (de) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-26 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Verfahren zum Heben einer Last
US11981541B2 (en) 2021-09-15 2024-05-14 P.I.P. Lift LLC Lifting device

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